K band designates certain portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, in either the microwave domain or in the infrared domain. The microwave K bands are used primarily for radar and satellite communications while the infrared K band is used for astronomical observations.

NATO K band[link]

The NATO K band is defined as a frequency band between 20 and 40 GHz (0.75 - 1.5 cm wavelength).

IEEE K band[link]

The IEEE K band is a portion of the radio spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies ranging between 18 and 27 GHz. K band between 18 and 26.5 GHz is absorbed easily by water vapor (H₂O resonance peak at 22.24 GHz, 1.35 cm).

Subdivisions[link]

The IEEE K band is conventionally divided into three sub-bands:

• K_a band: K-above band, 26.5–40 GHz, mainly used for radar and experimental communications.
• K-band 18–27 GHz
• K_u band: K-under band, 12–18 GHz, mainly used for satellite communications, terrestrial microwave communications, and radar, especially police traffic-speed detectors.

Amateur radio[link]

The Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union allow amateur radio and amateur satellite operations in the frequency range 24.000 GHz to 24.250 GHz, which is known as the 1.2-centimeter band. It is also referred to as the K band by AMSAT.

Infrared astronomy[link]

In infrared astronomy, the K band refers to a different frequency range atmospheric transmission window centered on 2.2 microns (in the near-infrared 136 THz range).

Other Microwave bands[link]

The microwave spectrum is usually defined as electromagnetic energy ranging from approximately 1 GHz to 100 GHz in frequency, but older usage includes lower frequencies. Most common applications are within the 1 to 40 GHz range. Microwave frequency bands, as defined by the Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB), are shown in the table below:

Footnote: P band is sometimes incorrectly used for Ku Band. "P" for "previous" was a radar band used in the UK ranging from 250 to 500 MHz and now obsolete per IEEE Std 521, see [1] and [2]. For other definitions see Letter Designations of Microwave Bands

See also[link]

References[link]

Look up band in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Band may refer to:

Clothing, jewelry, and accessories[link]

• Bands (neckwear), two pieces of cloth fitted around the neck as part of formal clothing for clergy, academics, and lawyers
• Bandolier or bandoleer, an ammunition belt
• Belt (clothing)
• Wedding ring or wedding band
• Strap, an elongated flap or ribbon, usually of fabric or leather

Science and technology[link]

• Band (radio), a range of frequencies or wavelengths used in radio transmission and radar
• Rubber band, a short length of rubber and latex formed in the shape of a loop
• Möbius strip or Möbius band, an artifact with interesting topological features
• Band (mathematics), an idempotent semigroup
• Spectral bands, part of the optical spectra of polyatomic systems
• Metals and semiconductors
  • Valence band
  • Conduction band
  • Band gap

Medicine and biology[link]

• Bird ringing, or bird banding, placing a numbered bands of metal on birds' legs for identification
• A group of animals, such as gorillas or coyotes
  • Herd
  • Flocking (behavior)
• Band cell, a type of white blood cell
• Protein band, see Coomassie
• Gastric band, a weight-control measure

Organizations[link]

• Bands (Italian Army irregulars), military units once in the service of the Italian Regio Esercito
• Brazilian broadcast television network Rede Bandeirantes, nicknamed Band or Band Network
• The Band (wrestling), the Total Nonstop Wrestling name for the professional wrestling stable New World Order

Society and government[link]

• Band society, a small group of humans in a simple form of society
• The primary unit of Native Americans in the United States
• Band (First Nations Canada), the primary unit of First Nations Government in Canada

People[link]

• Band (surname)

Places[link]

• Band, Mureş in Romania
• Bánd, a village in Hungary

Music[link]

• Band, a company of musicians—see Musical ensemble
  • Rock band
  • Concert band
  • School band, a group of student musicians who rehearse and perform instrumental music together
  • Marching band, a group of performers that consist of instrumental musicians who generally perform outdoors and incorporate some type of marching (and possibly other movements) with their musical performance
• The Band, a Canadian-American rock and roll group
  • The Band (album), its eponymous album released in 1969

See also[link]

• All pages beginning with "Band"
• All pages with titles containing "Band"
• Banding (disambiguation)
• Drum and bugle corps (disambiguation)
• Stripe (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Sanjay Mishra
Background information
Born	Calcutta, India
Genres	jam, fusion, classical, contemporary chamber music
Occupations	musician
Instruments	guitar
Years active	1985–present
Labels	Akar Music, City Hall Records

Sanjay Mishra is an American Guitarist/Composer born in India and subsequently becoming a citizen of the United States who began performing after completing his studies at the Peabody Conservatory of Music. Sanjay plays with an ecelecticism well suited to his multicultural background combining both Eastern and Western influences. He has been quoted saying, "I come from a tradition that has a lot of improvisation. Sometimes Western classical music can seem a little rigid, I had to find some middle ground."^[1] Sanjay plays a nylon string MIDI classical electric guitar. He uses various looping devices and MIDI instruments to create a lush sound.

Education[link]

Graduated from the Peabody Conservatory of Music, Johns Hopkins University in 1985

Early career[link]

Sanjay first came to public acclaim for his album Blue Incantation with guitarist Jerry Garcia of The Grateful Dead. It is one of Mr. Garcia's rare collaborations in his later years and represents some of his last works. Tributes to Mr. Garcia's work occur in Sanjay's concerts.^[2]

Present and future[link]

His latest album Chateau Benares (October 2006) with guest appearances by DJ Logic and Keller Williams, among others, was received with rave reviews on National Public Radio and The Washington Post.

He has also composed music for films. His score for the French film Port Djema was presented The Lifetime Vision Award at the Hamptons Film Festival in New York and described as "hauntingly beautiful"^[3] The film won The Golden Bear at The Berlin Film Festival in 1996.

Mr. Mishra primarily records on Akar Music, distributed by City Hall Records in San Rafael, CA. His music has also been released on PolyGram, Philips, EMI Records, Mercury, Ryko, Putumayo, Melodia and other labels. He is author of Guitar Atlas:India published by Alfred enhanced by Sanjay's "intimate knowledge of the relationship between indian music and the guitar"^[4]

He currently Head of the Recording Technology Program at Northern Virginia Community College in the Washington DC area.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• The Crossing - Sanjay Mishra Album (1991)
• Blue Incantation - with special guest Jerry Garcia (1995)
• Port Djema - Soundtrack (1998)
• Rescue - with Dennis Chambers (2000)
• Chateau Benares (2006)

Compilations[link]

• Music From the Tea Lands (2000) Putumayo World
• Deep Orient, Vol. 2 (2001) Melodia (France)
• Indian Spirit - 3 (2009) EMI Records

Guest appearances[link]

• Trusty - Goodbye, Dr. Fate (1995)
• Dream (2007)

Publishing[link]

• Guitar Atlas: India published by Alfred Publishing

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Site
• Sanjay talks with NPR about his CD and book
• Sanjay on Myspace
• Sanjay on Facebook
• Sanjay on LastFM
• Rolling Stone magazine feature on Sanjay

Melvin Seals
Seals in concert
Background information
Born	1953
Origin	San Francisco, California United States
Genres	Rock, Jam, Jazz
Occupations	Musician
Instruments	Vocals, piano, organ
Years active	1970s-present
Associated acts	Jerry Garcia Band, JGB, The Mix, Steve Kimock Crazy Engine
Website	melvinseals.com/

Melvin Seals (born 1953 in San Francisco, California)^[1] is an American musician, best known as a long time member of the Jerry Garcia Band.

Early life and career[link]

Melvin Seals began playing piano at age eight and began his musical adventure playing gospel music for his local church. Over the next years he joined a few different bands in San Francisco and became good at playing other keyboards, particularly the electric organ, which he would play for the majority of his musical career. He went on to record and perform with artists such as Charlie Daniels, Elvin Bishop and Chuck Berry.^[2]

Projects[link]

In 1980 Melvin Seals joined the Jerry Garcia Band and remained a member until Jerry Garcia's untimely death in 1995. He had the third-longest tenure in the band next to Garcia and bassist John Kahn, who had been members for the band's entire history. After Garcia and Kahn's deaths in 1995 and 1996 respectively, Seals formed JGB which he performs with to this day. JGB is essentially the Jerry Garcia band without Jerry and aims to continue the group's legacy.^[3]

Other projects Seals has been involved in include The Mix with guitarist John Kadlecik and Steve Kimock's Crazy Engine with Steve Kimock.

On July 30, 2004,Melvin Seals was the first Jerry Garcia Band member to headline an outdoor music and camping festival named in honor of Jerry Garcia, called Grateful Garcia Gathering. Melvin Seals and JGB members that year included Stu Allen and John Kadlecik. Jerry Garcia Band drummer David Kemper joined Melvin Seals & JGB in 2007. To date, other musicians/friends of Jerry's have included Donna Jean, Mookie Siegel, Pete Sears, G.E. Smith, Barry Sless, to name a few musicians.

In 2005 Seals released his first solo CD titled Melting Pot.^[4]

References[link]

1. ^ http://deadnews.blogspot.com/2006/07/melvin-keeps-on-truckin.html
2. ^ http://www.jambase.com/Artists/31932/Melvin-Seals/Bio
3. ^ http://www.jgbband.com/blog/?i=theband+%3E%3E+Melvin
4. ^ http://rateyourmusic.com/artist/melvin_seals

External links[link]

• Melvin Seals Official Website
• JGB Official Website

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (July 2011)

Ray White
Ray White with Zappa Plays Zappa, Copenhagen, 2007
Background information
Genres	Rock and roll, Blues rock, Soul
Occupations	Musician
Instruments	Vocals, guitar
Labels	DiscReet Records, BlueSideDownStudios Recordings
Associated acts	Mothers of Invention, Frank Zappa, Zappa Plays Zappa

Ray White outside the Antwerp Zappa Plays Zappa concert

Ray White is a soul vocalist and rock and blues guitarist, best known as a member of Frank Zappa's touring ensembles.^[1] He was drafted into Zappa's band in the fall of 1976, being featured on rhythm guitar and vocals, forming a memorable vocal harmony partnership with Ike Willis on later tours in 1980 and 1984. White's vocals can be heard on Zappa in New York (March 1978), You Are What You Is (Sept 1981) as well as others. White can also be found on a The Torture Never Stops and Does Humor Belong in Music?; the former a DVD set in one of Zappa's last tours (without Ike Willis) and the latter being a VHS filmed at the pier in New York, the video features White and Ike Willis' signature vocal harmonies. According to Zappa, White, who was deeply religious, was uncomfortable with the atheistic views of some of the other band members, which led to his departure.

White has also worked with jam-oriented groups like KVHW, Don't Push the Clown and Umphrey's McGee since his contributions to the Zappa band, and has more recently worked with a variety of Michigan artists, including former Rare Earth drummer Bob Weaver, as well as members of the funk/fusion combo Generic Produce.

In summer 2007 Ray White joined Dweezil Zappa as a special guest for the Zappa Plays Zappa Tour.

Ray White appears on Ed Englerth's song "I Forgot Who I Am" for Ed's new CD Restless Ghost on BlueSideDownStudios Recordings in 2008.

Ray quit Zappa Plays Zappa via email according to a Dweezil Zappa blog post on 4/1/09.

Beginning December 27, 2009, Ray joined Project/Object on tour of the northeast and north central US, along with Ike Willis, Andre Cholmondeley, keyboardist Eric Svalgaard, bassist David Johnsen, and drummer Jim Ruffi.

References[link]

External links[link]

• United Mutations
• Project Object

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