Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, all species of lemur are endemic to the island of Madagascar; none are native elsewhere. The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution.
Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism. The Orange-breasted Sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa. Political factors can play a part if a species is protected, or actively hunted, in one jurisdiction but not another.
There are two subcategories of endemism - paleoendemism and neoendemism. Paleoendemism refers to a species that was formerly widespread but is now restricted to a smaller area. Neoendemism refers to a species that has recently arisen such as a species that has diverged and become reproductively isolated, or one that has formed following hybridization and is now classified as a separate species. This is a common process in plants, especially those that exhibit polyploidy.
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Endemism by Sven Alfred Strecker
Species endemism in Madagascar
'Endemism' 9. Subtile - Third Wave by Sven Strecker
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'Endemism' 3. Adhere to Death by Sven Strecker
Marco Madia - Endemism
Endemism
How to Pronounce Endemism
'Endemism' 8. Subtile - Second Wave by Sven Strecker
Petridish Project: Toxic Geology: A Cause of Insect Endemism in Cyprus
Miguel Vences explains frog endemism in Madagascar
'Endemism' - 5. As Happy as Sisyphus by Sven Strecker
Bird Endemism in Mindanao by Willem van de Ven
'Endemism' - 1. Prologue by Sven Strecker
Endemism by Sven Alfred Strecker
Species endemism in Madagascar
'Endemism' 9. Subtile - Third Wave by Sven Strecker
K-Strategistak - Carpathian Endemism
'Endemism' 3. Adhere to Death by Sven Strecker
'Endemism' 7. Subtile - First Wave by Sven Strecker
'Endemism' - 6. Lightworm by Sven Strecker
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