Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. The word "philosophy" comes from the Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophia), which literally means "love of wisdom".
The introduction of the terms "philosopher" and "philosophy" has been ascribed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras. The ascription is said to be based on a passage in a lost work of Herakleides Pontikos, a disciple of Aristotle. It is considered to be part of the widespread body of legends of Pythagoras of this time. "Philosopher" was understood as a word which contrasted with "sophist" (from sophoi). Traveling sophists or "wise men" were important in Classical Greece, often earning money as teachers, whereas philosophers are "lovers of wisdom" and not professionals.
The main areas of study in philosophy today include epistemology, logic, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics.
Alan Wilson Watts (6 January 1915 – 16 November 1973) was a British philosopher, writer, and speaker, best known as an interpreter and populariser of Eastern philosophy for a Western audience. Born in Chislehurst, he moved to the United States in 1938 and began Zen training in New York. Pursuing a career, he attended Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, where he received a master's degree in theology. Watts became an Episcopal priest but left the ministry in 1950 and moved to California, where he joined the faculty of the American Academy of Asian Studies.
Living on the West Coast, Watts gained a large following in the San Francisco Bay Area while working as a volunteer programmer at KPFA, a Pacifica Radio station in Berkeley. Watts wrote more than 25 books and articles on subjects important to Eastern and Western religion, introducing the then-burgeoning youth culture to The Way of Zen (1957), one of the first bestselling books on Buddhism. In Psychotherapy East and West (1961), Watts proposed that Buddhism could be thought of as a form of psychotherapy and not just a religion. Like Aldous Huxley before him, he explored human consciousness in the essay, "The New Alchemy" (1958), and in the book, The Joyous Cosmology (1962).
Tamar Szabó Gendler (born December 1965) is a Professor of Philosophy and Cognitive Science at Yale University, and Chair of the Yale University Department of Philosophy. Her primary interests include metaphysics, epistemology and philosophical psychology.
Gendler was born in 1965 in Princeton, New Jersey to Mary and Everett Gendler. She grew up in Andover, Massachusetts, where she attended the Andover public schools and then Phillips Academy Andover.
As an undergraduate, she studied at Yale University, where she was a championship debater in the American Parliamentary Debate Association and a member of Manuscript Society. She graduated summa cum laude in 1987 with Distinction in Humanities and Math-&-Philosophy.
After graduating from college, she worked for several years as an assistant to Linda Darling-Hammond at the RAND Corporation’s education policy division in Washington, DC.
In 1996, she earned her Philosophy PhD program at Harvard University, with Robert Nozick, Derek Parfit and Hilary Putnam as her advisors.
Ricky Dene Gervais (/dʒərˈveɪz/; born 25 June 1961) is an English comedian, actor, director, producer, musician, writer, and former radio presenter.
Gervais achieved mainstream fame with his television series The Office and the subsequent series Extras, both of which he co-wrote and co-directed with frequent collaborator Stephen Merchant. In addition to writing and directing the shows, Gervais played the lead roles of David Brent in The Office and Andy Millman in Extras. Gervais has also starred in a number of Hollywood films, assuming leading roles in Ghost Town and The Invention of Lying. He has performed on four sell-out stand-up comedy tours, written the best-selling Flanimals book series and starred with Merchant and Karl Pilkington in the most downloaded podcast in the world as of March 2009,The Ricky Gervais Show.
He has won multiple awards and honours, including seven BAFTA Awards, five British Comedy Awards, two Emmy Awards, three Golden Globe Awards and the 2006 Rose d'Or, as well as a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination. In 2007 he was voted the 11th greatest stand-up comic on Channel 4's 100 Greatest Stand-Ups and again in the updated 2010 list as the 3rd greatest stand-up comic. In 2010 he was named on the TIME 100 list of the world's most influential people.
Richard Cevantis Carrier (born December 1, 1969) is an American historian. He is best known for his writings on Internet Infidels, otherwise known as the Secular Web, where he served as Editor-in-Chief for several years.
As an advocate of atheism and metaphysical naturalism, he has published articles in books, journals and magazines, and also features on the documentary film The God Who Wasn't There, where he is interviewed about his doubts on the historicity of Jesus. He currently contributes to The God Contention, a web site comparing and contrasting various worldviews.
Carrier received a PhD in ancient history from Columbia University in 2008. He has published several articles and chapters in books on the subject of history and philosophy. He has also self-published a polemical work on early Christian origins. He is also a contributor to the Secular Web (one of the main web sites for skeptics of religion on the internet) writing on a wide range of subjects such as the origins of Christianity and the elements of naturalist and atheist philosophy. He has also engaged in several formal debates, both online and in public, defending subjects as diverse as naturalism as a worldview, natural explanations of early Christian resurrection accounts, and the morality of abortion.
Plot
Arthur Dichter thinks he is dying of insomnia, but the reality is much more frightening. In this surreal puzzle film, Dichter turns from his wife to a private journal to record his deepest fears. Anna knows her husband lives in a waking nightmare where delusions and reality blend, but is powerless to help him. As Arthur's disease gives way to despair, loneliness, and alienation, he and Anna hang onto their last shred of hope. This atmospheric film explores personal identity, marital discord, and contemporary life, turning narrative and chronology inside out to find the darkest corners of the human spirit. Featuring a soundtrack from improvisational legends AMM, Art Bears, and Stephen O'Malley's Ginnungagap.
Told ya' darlin'
all along,
I was right and you were wrong.
A-pleasin' you,
so hard to do.
Cried all night long,
was beatin' through.
Can't sow wild oats
'spect to gather corn.
Can't take right
and make it wrong.
Told ya' darlin',
long time ago,
you gotta reap
what you sow, and what you sow, yeah,
is gonna make you weep,
a-some day,
a-some day,
a-some day.
Yeah, what you sow, yeah,
's gonna make you weep.
Tried to keep you
satisfied;
broke my heart,
crushed my pride.
It's all over now,
but all I see
is a lonely road
and a memory of
daily walkin'
and talkin'
'bout Joanne.
Can't ya' see,
I said, daily walkin'
and talkin'.
Can't sow wild oats
'spect to gather corn.
Can't take right
and make it wrong.
I told ya' darlin',
long time ago,
you gotta reap
what you sow, and what you sow, yeah,
gonna make you weep,
a-some day,
a-some day,
some day.
Yeah, what you sow, yeah,
gonna make you weep,
Won?t you look up at the skyline
At the mortar block and glass
And check out the reflections in my eyes
You see they always used to be there
Even when this all was grass
And I sang and danced about a high-rise
And you were laughing at my helmet hat
Laughing at my torch
You go ahead, you can laugh all you want
I got my philosophy, keeps my feet on the ground
And I trust it like the ground
And that?s why my philosophy
It keeps me walking when I?m falling down
I see that there is evil
And I know that there is good
And the inbetweens I never understood
Won?t you look at me, I?m crazy?
But I get the job done
Yeah, I?m crazy but I get the job done
And I say, "Go ahead, you can laugh all you want
But I got my philosophy, keeps my feet on the ground
And I trust it like the ground
And that?s why my philosophy
It keeps me walking when I?m falling down"
I pushed you ?cause I loved you guys
I didn?t realize you weren?t having fun
I dragged you up the stairs and I told you to fly
You were flapping your arms, you started to cry
You were too high, oh too high
You may take this all for granted
You take the mortar, block and glass
And you forget the speech that moved the stone
But it?s really not that you can?t see
The forest for the trees
You?ve never been out in the woods alone
So you can laugh all you want to
I got my philosophy
Keeps my feet on the ground
And I love you, you?re my friend
But you got no philosophy
Won't you look up at the skyline
At the mortar, block, and glass
And check out the reflections in my eyes
See they always used to be there
Even when this was all was grass
And I sang and danced about a high-rise
And you were laughing at my helmet hat
Laughing at my torch
Go ahead and laugh all you want
I got my philosophy
And I trust it like the ground
That's why my philosophy
Keeps me walking when I'm falling down
I see that there is evil
And I know that there is good
And the in-betweens I never understood
Would you look at me I'm crazy
But I get the job done
I'm crazy but I get the job done
So go ahead and laugh all you want
I got my philosophy
And I trust it like the ground
That's why my philosophy
Keeps me walking when I'm falling down
I pushed you cause I loved you guys
I didn't realize
That you weren't having fun
And I dragged you up the stairs
And I told you to fly
You were flapping your arms
Then you started to cry, you were too high
Now you take this all for granted
You take the mortar, block, and glass
And you forget the speech that moved the stone
And it's really not that you can't see
The forest from the trees
You just never been out in the woods alone
So you can laugh all you want to
But I've got my philosophy
And I love you you're my friend
But you got no philosophy
Philosophy
by Allison Crowe
Rain has always fallen silently in my mind
and its built up so high that I'll drown in my own faults
and when I stop breathing maybe I'll be taken to a place
where I can be of some use
now tell me baby, is this not like me
I can't be here now and I don't want your eyes reaching mine
I don't understand why all you had you had to leave behind
I can't stay here now
and I wish my plans were only residential
so I will tell you now that baby I am not unique
so I will empty my veins so my blood can no longer run cold
and my voice will cease shrieking so you can't disagree
I will try to fly
and if I don't make it at least I'll know that I
didn't have to watch myself fail again
well I have got to go
I can walk into the sea
and open my eyes so I can't see
and I can feel you rush in to me
and I am drowning
Nothing good can ever seem to last
but it's goodness that delivers us
our past nothing good can ever come of this
I'm sure but sometimes you are granted just one wish
and every now and then there'll come a time
when you are lost in your own mind
and then you'll understand just why we were put here
on this earth and why nothing good can last
nothing good can ever seem to stay
but it's great to see those great things fade away
nothing good will ever come of this
Told ya' darlin', all along
I was right and you were wrong
A-pleasin' you, so hard to do
Cried all night long, was beatin' through
Can't sow wild oats, 'spect to gather corn
Can't take right and make it wrong
Told ya' darlin', long time ago
You gotta reap, what you sow, and what you sow
Yeah-eah, is gonna make you weep
Some day, some day, some day
Yeah, what you sow-oh, yeah
Is gonna make you weep
Tried to keep you satisfied
Broke my heart, crushed my pride
It's all over now, but all I see
Is a lonely road, and a memory
Of daily walkin', and talkin', 'bout Joanne
Can't ya' see, I said, daily walkin', an' talkin'
Can't sow wild oats, 'spect to gather corn
Can't take right and make it wrong
I told ya' darlin', long time ago
You gotta reap, what you sow, and what you sow
Yeah-eay is gonna make you weep
A-some day, a-some day, some day
Yeah, what you sow, yeah-eay
Just like your father
Just like your mother
What sort of example do you think you're setting?
Do you talk that way to your sister?
Does cunt talk that way to your sister?
So why'd you say that?
You know you can't get away with that
You know what's coming to you now, don't you?
Coming to cunt
I just can't believe you did that
You cunt, you fucking cunt
Who do you think you are?
Who the hell do you think you are?
Who the fuck do you think you are?
You stupid fucking cunt
Do you talk that way to your sister?
Would you talk that way to your momma? Eh?
Come on, cunt, do you talk that way to your momma?
Do you talk that way to your momma?
Didn't she teach you any manners?
Look at me and say you're sorry, cunt
Cunt says sorry
Cunt's gonna say sorry
You're nothing
Cunt's nothing
Zero
Just remind yourself
Remember you're fat
Remember you're stupid
Remember you're ugly
Just like your fucking mother
Just like your fucking father
Have you got a good view?
Fat, stupid and ugly
A fat, stupid, ugly cunt
Are you remembering that?
You fucking cunt
I really can't believe you did that
You vulgar, common, coarse piece of shit
Your hanging and sick wobbly meat flab
Flabby folds your flesh
You're a disgrace
You're a total disgrace
And where's your fucking decorum?
Yes, decorum, where is your fucking decorum?
Cunt's fucking decorum
You fucking cunt
Just like your fucking mother
And just like your fucking father
See that?
What's that over there?
Yes, cunt, that's a door
I just want you to look at the door
Now I'm a really positive person
But you don't know what can happen from day to day
As you think about it in your mind
If I walked out that fucking door
And the door closed
And as it closed
It slammed shut
And no matter what you did
No matter what you fucking did
You could not open the door
And you knew you could never look into my eyes again
Hear my voice again
Feel my touch again
You're right, you know
About that door
You really shouldn't think about it
A huge mistake to fucking think about
You don't have to think about the door
It makes you feel uncomfortable
Doesn't it?
I know it does
You don't have to feel like that
It's distressing
It's really distressing
A terrible think happened
My friend was stabbed in the street
By some drunk
Dead before he arrived at the hospital
Wouldn't it be terrible?
Think about it
Even if you could get that door opened
And you were to search
You could never find me again
You will never be able to see me again
You will never be able to hear my voice again
Feel my touch again
You'll never be able
All that fun we had together
The great times we had together
The coast
The night-time
The hotel
The journey home
Even if you were to open that door
You would search but you could never find
You're nothing
Cunt's nothing
Zero
Just remind yourself
Remember you're fat
Remember you're stupid
Remember you're ugly
Fat, stupid and ugly
Just remember that
And also remember life's tragedies
Think about them
I still think about it
You see that door?
You see that door?
You see that door?
You see that door?
Tell me brother, can you not hold your hatred
Can you take your pride, in fighting life with your mind
tell me sisters, can you take the roas up high
And not make excuses and live life the way you make it?
You've got to follow a philosophy of soul
You got to hold on, you got to be strong
You got to follow a philosophy of soul
And don't you ever let it go...
Tell me mothers, tell me fathers
Can you promise
And give strength to your child
Teach them there's more to life
Then what's on in the inside
CREATE A SOUL IN THEIR SOLDIER