Capital punishment, the death penalty, death sentence, or execution is a legal process whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime. Crimes that can result in a death penalty are known as capital crimes or capital offences. The term capital originates from the Latin capitalis, literally "regarding the head" (referring to execution by beheading).
Capital punishment has in the past been practised by most societies (one notable exception being Kievan Rus); currently only 58 nations actively practice it, and 97 countries have abolished it (the remainder have not used it for 10 years or allow it only in exceptional circumstances such as wartime). It is a matter of active controversy in various countries and states, and positions can vary within a single political ideology or cultural region. In the European Union member states, Article 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibits the use of capital punishment.
Currently Amnesty International considers most countries abolitionist. The UN General Assembly has adopted, in 2007, 2008 and 2010, non-binding resolutions calling for a global moratorium on executions, with a view to eventual abolition. Although many nations have abolished capital punishment, over 60% of the world's population live in countries where executions take place, as the People's Republic of China, India, the United States of America and Indonesia, the four most-populous countries in the world, continue to apply the death penalty (although in India, Indonesia and many US states it is only used rarely). Each of these four nations voted against the General Assembly resolutions.
The Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior. Laws are made by governments, specifically by their legislatures. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution (written or unwritten) and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics and society in countless ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people.
A general distinction can be made between civil law jurisdictions (including Canon and Socialist law), in which the legislature or other central body codifies and consolidates their laws and common law systems (including Sharia), where judge-made binding precedents are accepted. In some countries, religion may inform the law; for example, in jurisdictions that practice Islamic law, Jewish law or Canon law.
The adjudication of the law is generally divided into two main areas. Criminal law deals with conduct that is designated dishonest by the government and in which the guilty party may be imprisioned or fined. Civil law (not to be confused with civil law jurisdictions above) deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, in which compensation may be awarded to the wronged litigant.
Ángel Díaz (April 25, 1929 – December 11, 1998) was a famous singer of Argentine Tangos. He performed with the orchestras of Sassone, Gobbi, D'Agostino and Salgan and collaborated with many others.
Teresa Wilson Bean Lewis (April 26, 1969 – September 23, 2010) was an American who was the only woman on death row in Virginia prior to her execution. She was sentenced to death by lethal injection for using sex and money to arrange for the murders of her husband and stepson in October 2002. Lewis sought to profit from a $250,000 life insurance policy that her stepson had taken out as a U.S. Army reservist in anticipation of his deployment to Iraq.
In September 2010, Lewis became the first female inmate to die by lethal injection in the state of Virginia. The case attracted debate over capital punishment because of Lewis' sex and questions over her mental capacity. Novelist John Grisham joined the opposition against Lewis' execution, noting that she had not carried out the actual killings herself. The state had last executed a woman in 1912.
Teresa Wilson grew up in poverty in Danville, Virginia, where her parents both worked in a textile mill. Teresa sang in a church during her youth. She dropped out of school and left home at age 16 to marry a man she met at church. Though the couple had a daughter, Christie Lynn Bean, the marriage soon ended in divorce. Teresa then turned to alcohol and painkillers. Her mother-in-law, Marie Bean, described Teresa as "not right".
She's legal, tender and fine
She's not conceited but she knows she's a dime
She's legal, tender and fine
She picked my pocket but committed no crime
Let me tell ya a little story about this girl named Missy
She a born and she raised to keep dem mon hungry
Body shape, hair cut like Halle Berry
Fool of the mon that try to come tame this sassy
What she want is a mon who can handle her right
All through the night, baller for life
Well I can smash it up
And I can love it up
But only girl if you want to give it up
Can I get that
Can I hit that
Can I get that
I want that
I need that
Can I kiss that
Wouldn't miss that
Cause I know what you need
Mama shake that
Here's another tale about this girl name Laura
You can find her shiny teeth at any corner
Nice and ready for da mon who want spend him dollar
So soon as she see Snow she wasn't spend me dollar
So we jump in da whip and headed to the crib
Then she started to express how she like that informer
She said I'll nice it up then I'll love it up
In secret she hid her shame
She placed her confidence in a lie
The very instrument she thought would set her free
Will cause her to die
Her body racked with pain
Her plea you would deny
On deaf ears her screams would fall
All long the danger raged
Within her body
As she collapses with faint breath
She begs God to forgive her
And He does
In the hospital the war is waged
As the infection claims feet
Hands and legs, skin becomes black as sin
For wisdom the doctors
Look to within as she wastes away
A few hours later her race would be finished
But all is lost as the deadly infection wins
Her children mourn the loss of a mother they will never know
Her husband mourns the loss of his wife and the child he never knew