Eric

The given name Eric, Erik, or Erick is derived from the Old Norse name Eiríkr (or Eríkr in Eastern Scandinavia due to monophthongization). The first element, ei- is derived either from the older Proto-Norse *aina(z) meaning "one" or "alone" or from Proto-Norse *aiwa(z) meaning "ever" or "eternal". The second element -ríkr derives either from *rík(a)z meaning "ruler" or "prince" (cf. Gothic reiks) or from an even older Proto-Germanic *ríkiaz which meant "powerful" and "rich". The name is thus usually taken to mean "one ruler", "autocrat", "eternal ruler" or "ever powerful", "warrior", and "government".

The most common spelling in Scandinavia is Erik. In Norway, another form of the name (which has kept the Old Norse diphthong) Eirik is also commonly used. In Finland, the form Erkki is also used. The modern Icelandic version is Eiríkur, while the modern Faroese version is Eirikur. Éric [eʁik] is used in French, and in Germany Eric, Erik and Erich are used.

Although the name was in use in Anglo-Saxon England, its use was reinforced by Scandinavian settlers arriving before the Norman Invasion. It was an uncommon name in England until the Middle Ages, when it gained popularity, and finally became a common name in the 19th century. This was partly because of the publishing of the novel Eric, or, Little by Little by Frederick William Farrar in 1858.

Erik (singer)

Erik is the stage name of singer Erica Harrold. She began her career as a session singer for artists such as M People, Tom Jones, Swing Out Sister, Jason Donovan, Vic Reeves, and Errol Brown. She was the featured vocalist in the 1991 dance single "Unity", by the group of the same name. It was a club hit and peaked at #64 in the UK charts.

In 1993 she started her solo career. She signed to PWL Records and released the Mike Stock & Pete Waterman-produced single "Looks Like I'm In Love Again", which peaked at #46 in the UK charts. Her next single, "The Devil And The Deep Blue Sea", was never officially released. In 1994, she released a cover of the Cheryl Lynn classic "Got To Be Real", which became her biggest hit. Later that year she released her last single, "We Got The Love", which peaked at #55, originally recorded by Lindy Layton.

Nowadays, she works as a vocal coach and enjoys family life.

In January 2010, an album titled Real, including her work recorded at PWL Studios during 1993-1994 was released through iTunes. It includes 8 previously unreleased songs.

List of shipwrecks in 2011

The list of shipwrecks in 2011 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 2011.

January

1 January

3 January

5 January

9 January

11 January

30 January

February

4 February

7 February

12 February

15 February

17 February

Unknown date

March

1 March

6 March

9 March

11 March

An unknown number of vessels are washed ashore or sunk around the Pacific Rim following an earthquake and tsunami off the north east coast of Japan. Ship casualties include:-

16 March

19 March

20 March

26 March

29 March

April

6 April

7 April

9 April

25 April

May

2 May

15 May

18 May

19–20 May

23 May

27 May

June

3 June

4 June

5 June

11 June

14 June

22 June

26 June

July

3 July

10 July

23 July

25 July

29 July

30 July

31 July

August

3 August

4 August

8 August

9 August

12 August

17 August

September

1 September

6 September

10 September

15 September

20 September

26 September

28 September

29 September

October

3 October

5 October

7 October

13 October

14 October

18 October

20 October

28 October

31 October

November

3 November

5 November

9 November

17 November

21 November

Dungeon

A dungeon is a room or cell in which prisoners are held, especially underground. Dungeons are generally associated with medieval castles, though their association with torture probably belongs more to the Renaissance period. An oubliette is a form of dungeon which is accessible only from a hatch in a high ceiling.

Etymology

The word dungeon comes from Old French donjon (also spelled dongeon), which in its earliest usage meant a "keep", the main tower of a castle. The first recorded instance of the word in English was near the beginning of the 14th century when it held the same meaning as donjon. Though it is uncertain, both dungeon and donjon are thought to derive from the Middle Latin word dominio, meaning "lord" or "master".

In French, the term donjon still refers to a "keep", and the term oubliette is a more appropriate translation of English dungeon. Donjon is therefore a false friend to dungeon (for instance, the game Dungeons & Dragons is titled Donjons et Dragons in its French editions).

Dungeon!

Dungeon! is a 1975 adventure board game designed by David R. Megarry, Gary Gygax, Michael Gray, Steve Winter and S. Schwab, published by TSR, Inc.Dungeon! simulates some aspects of the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) role-playing game which was released the year before, although Megarry had a prototype of Dungeon! ready as early as 1972.

Dungeon! features a map of a simple six-level dungeon with hallways, rooms and chambers. Players move around the board seeking to defeat monsters and claim treasure. Greater treasures are located in deeper levels of the dungeon, along with tougher monsters. Players choose different character classes with different abilities. The object of the game is to be the first to return to the beginning chamber with a set value of treasure.

Original edition

David M. Ewalt, in his book Of Dice and Men, described Megarry's original edition of the game as "a Blackmoor-inspired board game that represented TSR's most ambitious production to date: a color game map, customized cards, tokens, dice, and a rules booklet all packaged in an attractive box".

Dungeon (magazine)

Dungeon Adventures, or simply Dungeon, was a magazine targeting consumers of role-playing games, particularly Dungeons & Dragons. It was first published by TSR, Inc. in 1986 as a bimonthly periodical. It went monthly in May 2003 and ceased print publication altogether in September 2007 with Issue 150. Starting in 2008, Dungeon and its more widely read sister publication, Dragon, went to an online-only format published by Wizards of the Coast. Both magazines went on hiatus at the end of 2013, with Dungeon Issue 221 being the last released.

Each issue featured a variety of self-contained, pre-scripted, play-tested game scenarios, often called "modules" (commonly referred to as "adventures" or "scenarios"). Dungeon Masters (DMs) could either enact these adventures with their respective player groups as written or adapt them to their own campaign settings. Dungeon aimed to save DMs time and effort in preparing game sessions for their players by providing a full complement of ideas, hooks, plots, adversaries, creatures, illustrations, maps, hand-outs, and character dialogue. It was a resource containing several modules per issue, significantly cheaper than standard-format modules.