- published: 08 Feb 2010
- views: 2373
Carbothermic reaction
Carbothermic reactions involve the reduction of substances, often metal oxides, using carbon as the reducing agent. These chemical reactions are usually conducted at temperatures of several hundred degrees Celsius. Such processes are applied for production of the elemental forms of many elements. Carbothermic reactions are not useful for some metal oxides, such as those of sodium and potassium. The ability of metals to participate in carbothermic reactions can be predicted from Ellingham diagrams.
Carbothermal reactions produce carbon monoxide and sometimes carbon dioxide. The facility of these conversions is attributable to the entropy of reaction: two solids, the metal oxide and carbon, are converted to a new solid (metal) and a gas (CO), the latter having high entropy. Heat is required for carbothermic reactions because diffusion of the reacting solids is otherwise slow.
Applications
The most prominent example is that of iron ore smelting. Many reactions are involved, but the simplified equation is usually shown as:
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Carbothermic_reaction
Podcasts:
-
Bob Explains Carbothermal Reduction
Bob explains how our carbothermal reduction reactor works to the media during our 2010 ISRU Field Demonstration on Mauna Kea, Hawaii.
published: 08 Feb 2010 -
Reducing Metal Oxides
published: 27 Oct 2011 -
GCSE Chemistry - Extraction of Metals & Reduction #38
This video explains the terms 'oxidation' and 'reduction', and then runs through an example how we can use carbon to reduce certain metal oxides - forming pure metals in the process.
published: 17 Mar 2019 -
Testing our Carbothermal Reduction Reactor on Mauna Kea
This is a walk-through of the NASA ISRU lunar analog test site 9000' up Mauna Kea near Hale Pohaku, Hawaii. First up is the solar concentrator built by PSI, then the carbothermal reduction reactor built by us (ORBITEC), NASA's electolyzer, hydrogen storage, and fuel cell, and then our tool crate with data acquisition and control computer along with our gas chromatograph... and then me at the end.
published: 03 Feb 2010 -
Hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
This is a demonstration showing the hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
published: 27 Aug 2017 -
Carbothermal Reduction Module
NASA and Orbitec have developed this system designed to react carbon from the thermal decomposition of methane with lunar regolith to make carbon monoxide. The CO is then reacted with hydrogen to make methane and water. The methane is recycled back through the reactor to make more carbon. The water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen is stored for use in breathing gases, as oxidizer for a fuel cell, or as rocket propellant. At the test site, tephra will be substituted for regolith and electrolysis will be handled by a separate module.
published: 08 Apr 2010 -
Extraction Of Iron From Its Oxides
For more information: http://www.7activestudio.com info@7activestudio.com http://www.7activemedical.com/ info@7activemedical.com 7activestudio@gmail.com Contact: +91- 9700061777, +91- 9100061777 7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use. Applications Extraction of iron from its oxides: I n a Blast furnace Oxide ores o...
published: 05 Feb 2014 -
How To Make Barium Sulfide Using Carbothermic Reduction #chemistry #barium #sulfur #homelab
In this video I carry out a reduction of BaSO4 to BaS using nothing more than sugar carbon, a tiny bit of water, and a couple hours of heating. To prove the reaction worked I used the BaS solution I obtained to precipitate out barium carbonate on addition to aqueous Na2CO3 and barium sulfate plus hydrogen sulfide gas on addition of aqueous sulfuric acid. Now we have a way to turn ALL alkaline earth metal sulfates into something useful!!! Donate via Paypal: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/PoorMansChemist Donate via Subscribe Star: https://www.subscribestar.com/poormanschemist Donate via CashApp: $poormanschemist Discord Invite: https://discord.gg/pyKBwuZNqT Website: www.poormanschemist.com Email: poormanschemist@gmail.com BitChute: https://www.bitchute.com/poormanschemist/ Odysee: http...
published: 12 Sep 2022 -
Silicon and silanes from sand
You can find instructions for this experiment at http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00000725/making-silicon-and-silanes-from-sand. Magnesium and sand are heated together and silicon is produced by an exothermic reaction. The product is placed in acid to remove magnesium oxide and unreacted magnesium. Small amounts of silanes are produced by the reaction of magnesium silicide (a side product) with the acid. These react spontaneously with air to give spectacular but harmless small explosions.
published: 14 Feb 2011
developed with YouTube
2:48
Bob Explains Carbothermal Reduction
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:48
- Uploaded Date: 08 Feb 2010
- views: 2373
Bob explains how our carbothermal reduction reactor works to the media during our 2010 ISRU Field Demonstration on Mauna Kea, Hawaii.
Bob explains how our carbothermal reduction reactor works to the media during our 2010 ISRU Field Demonstration on Mauna Kea, Hawaii.
https://wn.com/Bob_Explains_Carbothermal_Reduction
Bob explains how our carbothermal reduction reactor works to the media during our 2010 ISRU Field Demonstration on Mauna Kea, Hawaii.
3:31
Reducing Metal Oxides
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:31
- Uploaded Date: 27 Oct 2011
- views: 34633
- published: 27 Oct 2011
- views: 34633
4:04
GCSE Chemistry - Extraction of Metals & Reduction #38
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:04
- Uploaded Date: 17 Mar 2019
- views: 416971
This video explains the terms 'oxidation' and 'reduction', and then runs through an example how we can use carbon to reduce certain metal oxides - forming pure ...
This video explains the terms 'oxidation' and 'reduction', and then runs through an example how we can use carbon to reduce certain metal oxides - forming pure metals in the process.
https://wn.com/Gcse_Chemistry_Extraction_Of_Metals_Reduction_38
This video explains the terms 'oxidation' and 'reduction', and then runs through an example how we can use carbon to reduce certain metal oxides - forming pure metals in the process.
- published: 17 Mar 2019
- views: 416971
1:20
Testing our Carbothermal Reduction Reactor on Mauna Kea
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:20
- Uploaded Date: 03 Feb 2010
- views: 531
This is a walk-through of the NASA ISRU lunar analog test site 9000' up Mauna Kea near Hale Pohaku, Hawaii. First up is the solar concentrator built by PSI, the...
This is a walk-through of the NASA ISRU lunar analog test site 9000' up Mauna Kea near Hale Pohaku, Hawaii. First up is the solar concentrator built by PSI, then the carbothermal reduction reactor built by us (ORBITEC), NASA's electolyzer, hydrogen storage, and fuel cell, and then our tool crate with data acquisition and control computer along with our gas chromatograph... and then me at the end.
https://wn.com/Testing_Our_Carbothermal_Reduction_Reactor_On_Mauna_Kea
This is a walk-through of the NASA ISRU lunar analog test site 9000' up Mauna Kea near Hale Pohaku, Hawaii. First up is the solar concentrator built by PSI, then the carbothermal reduction reactor built by us (ORBITEC), NASA's electolyzer, hydrogen storage, and fuel cell, and then our tool crate with data acquisition and control computer along with our gas chromatograph... and then me at the end.
- published: 03 Feb 2010
- views: 531
1:59
Hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:59
- Uploaded Date: 27 Aug 2017
- views: 19701
This is a demonstration showing the hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
This is a demonstration showing the hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
https://wn.com/Hydrogen_Reduction_Of_Iron_Oxide
This is a demonstration showing the hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
- published: 27 Aug 2017
- views: 19701
0:50
Carbothermal Reduction Module
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:50
- Uploaded Date: 08 Apr 2010
- views: 458
NASA and Orbitec have developed this system designed to react carbon from the thermal decomposition of methane with lunar regolith to make carbon monoxide. The ...
NASA and Orbitec have developed this system designed to react carbon from the thermal decomposition of methane with lunar regolith to make carbon monoxide. The CO is then reacted with hydrogen to make methane and water. The methane is recycled back through the reactor to make more carbon. The water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen is stored for use in breathing gases, as oxidizer for a fuel cell, or as rocket propellant. At the test site, tephra will be substituted for regolith and electrolysis will be handled by a separate module.
https://wn.com/Carbothermal_Reduction_Module
NASA and Orbitec have developed this system designed to react carbon from the thermal decomposition of methane with lunar regolith to make carbon monoxide. The CO is then reacted with hydrogen to make methane and water. The methane is recycled back through the reactor to make more carbon. The water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen is stored for use in breathing gases, as oxidizer for a fuel cell, or as rocket propellant. At the test site, tephra will be substituted for regolith and electrolysis will be handled by a separate module.
- published: 08 Apr 2010
- views: 458
3:08
Extraction Of Iron From Its Oxides
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Uploaded Date: 05 Feb 2014
- views: 588046
For more information:
http://www.7activestudio.com
info@7activestudio.com
http://www.7activemedical.com/
info@7activemedical.com
7activestudio@gmail.com
Con...
For more information:
http://www.7activestudio.com
info@7activestudio.com
http://www.7activemedical.com/
info@7activemedical.com
7activestudio@gmail.com
Contact: +91- 9700061777,
+91- 9100061777
7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use.
Applications
Extraction of iron from its oxides: I n a Blast furnace Oxide ores of iron, after concentration through calcination/roasting are mixed with limestone and coke are fed from its top. Hot air is blown from the bottom of the furnace and coke is burnt to give temperature upto about 2200K in the lower portion itself. The burning of coke therefore supplies most of the heat required in the process and will be oxidised to CO. The CO and heat moves to upper part of the furnace. In upper part, the temperature is lower and the iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) coming from the top are reduced in steps to FeO. Limestone is also decomposed to CaO which removes silicate impurity of the ore as slag. The slag is in molten state and separates out from iron. Equation here for lime stone. Thus, the reduction reactions taking place in the lower temperature range and in the higher temperature rangedepend on the points of corresponding intersections in the ΔrG minus verses T plots. These reactions can be given as follows: At 500 -- 800 K lower temperature range in the blast furnace. 3 Fe2O3 + CO gives 2 Fe3O4 + CO2 equation 11. Fe3O4 + 4 CO gives 3Fe + 4 CO2 equation 12. Fe2O3 + CO gives 2FeO + CO2 equation 13. At 900 -- 1500 K higher temperature range in the blastfurnace: C + CO2 gives 2 CO equation 14. FeO + CO gives Fe + CO2 equation 15. The iron obtained from Blast furnace contains about 4% carbon and many impurities in smaller amount (e.g., S, P, Si, Mn).
https://wn.com/Extraction_Of_Iron_From_Its_Oxides
For more information:
http://www.7activestudio.com
info@7activestudio.com
http://www.7activemedical.com/
info@7activemedical.com
7activestudio@gmail.com
Contact: +91- 9700061777,
+91- 9100061777
7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use.
Applications
Extraction of iron from its oxides: I n a Blast furnace Oxide ores of iron, after concentration through calcination/roasting are mixed with limestone and coke are fed from its top. Hot air is blown from the bottom of the furnace and coke is burnt to give temperature upto about 2200K in the lower portion itself. The burning of coke therefore supplies most of the heat required in the process and will be oxidised to CO. The CO and heat moves to upper part of the furnace. In upper part, the temperature is lower and the iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) coming from the top are reduced in steps to FeO. Limestone is also decomposed to CaO which removes silicate impurity of the ore as slag. The slag is in molten state and separates out from iron. Equation here for lime stone. Thus, the reduction reactions taking place in the lower temperature range and in the higher temperature rangedepend on the points of corresponding intersections in the ΔrG minus verses T plots. These reactions can be given as follows: At 500 -- 800 K lower temperature range in the blast furnace. 3 Fe2O3 + CO gives 2 Fe3O4 + CO2 equation 11. Fe3O4 + 4 CO gives 3Fe + 4 CO2 equation 12. Fe2O3 + CO gives 2FeO + CO2 equation 13. At 900 -- 1500 K higher temperature range in the blastfurnace: C + CO2 gives 2 CO equation 14. FeO + CO gives Fe + CO2 equation 15. The iron obtained from Blast furnace contains about 4% carbon and many impurities in smaller amount (e.g., S, P, Si, Mn).
- published: 05 Feb 2014
- views: 588046
12:36
How To Make Barium Sulfide Using Carbothermic Reduction #chemistry #barium #sulfur #homelab
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:36
- Uploaded Date: 12 Sep 2022
- views: 79
In this video I carry out a reduction of BaSO4 to BaS using nothing more than sugar carbon, a tiny bit of water, and a couple hours of heating. To prove the rea...
In this video I carry out a reduction of BaSO4 to BaS using nothing more than sugar carbon, a tiny bit of water, and a couple hours of heating. To prove the reaction worked I used the BaS solution I obtained to precipitate out barium carbonate on addition to aqueous Na2CO3 and barium sulfate plus hydrogen sulfide gas on addition of aqueous sulfuric acid. Now we have a way to turn ALL alkaline earth metal sulfates into something useful!!!
Donate via Paypal: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/PoorMansChemist
Donate via Subscribe Star: https://www.subscribestar.com/poormanschemist
Donate via CashApp: $poormanschemist
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Website: www.poormanschemist.com
Email: poormanschemist@gmail.com
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Odysee: https://odysee.com/@poormanschemist:9
https://wn.com/How_To_Make_Barium_Sulfide_Using_Carbothermic_Reduction_Chemistry_Barium_Sulfur_Homelab
In this video I carry out a reduction of BaSO4 to BaS using nothing more than sugar carbon, a tiny bit of water, and a couple hours of heating. To prove the reaction worked I used the BaS solution I obtained to precipitate out barium carbonate on addition to aqueous Na2CO3 and barium sulfate plus hydrogen sulfide gas on addition of aqueous sulfuric acid. Now we have a way to turn ALL alkaline earth metal sulfates into something useful!!!
Donate via Paypal: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/PoorMansChemist
Donate via Subscribe Star: https://www.subscribestar.com/poormanschemist
Donate via CashApp: $poormanschemist
Discord Invite: https://discord.gg/pyKBwuZNqT
Website: www.poormanschemist.com
Email: poormanschemist@gmail.com
BitChute: https://www.bitchute.com/poormanschemist/
Odysee: https://odysee.com/@poormanschemist:9
- published: 12 Sep 2022
- views: 79
4:29
Silicon and silanes from sand
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:29
- Uploaded Date: 14 Feb 2011
- views: 17020
You can find instructions for this experiment at http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00000725/making-silicon-and-silanes-from-sand.
Magnesium and sa...
You can find instructions for this experiment at http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00000725/making-silicon-and-silanes-from-sand.
Magnesium and sand are heated together and silicon is produced by an exothermic reaction. The product is placed in acid to remove magnesium oxide and unreacted magnesium. Small amounts of silanes are produced by the reaction of magnesium silicide (a side product) with the acid. These react spontaneously with air to give spectacular but harmless small explosions.
https://wn.com/Silicon_And_Silanes_From_Sand
You can find instructions for this experiment at http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00000725/making-silicon-and-silanes-from-sand.
Magnesium and sand are heated together and silicon is produced by an exothermic reaction. The product is placed in acid to remove magnesium oxide and unreacted magnesium. Small amounts of silanes are produced by the reaction of magnesium silicide (a side product) with the acid. These react spontaneously with air to give spectacular but harmless small explosions.
- published: 14 Feb 2011
- views: 17020
2:48
Bob Explains Carbothermal Reduction
Bob explains how our carbothermal reduction reactor works to the media during our 2010 ISR...
published: 08 Feb 2010
Bob Explains Carbothermal Reduction
Bob Explains Carbothermal Reduction
- Report rights infringement
- published: 08 Feb 2010
- views: 2373
Bob explains how our carbothermal reduction reactor works to the media during our 2010 ISRU Field Demonstration on Mauna Kea, Hawaii.
4:04
GCSE Chemistry - Extraction of Metals & Reduction #38
This video explains the terms 'oxidation' and 'reduction', and then runs through an exampl...
published: 17 Mar 2019
GCSE Chemistry - Extraction of Metals & Reduction #38
GCSE Chemistry - Extraction of Metals & Reduction #38
- Report rights infringement
- published: 17 Mar 2019
- views: 416971
This video explains the terms 'oxidation' and 'reduction', and then runs through an example how we can use carbon to reduce certain metal oxides - forming pure metals in the process.
1:20
Testing our Carbothermal Reduction Reactor on Mauna Kea
This is a walk-through of the NASA ISRU lunar analog test site 9000' up Mauna Kea near Hal...
published: 03 Feb 2010
Testing our Carbothermal Reduction Reactor on Mauna Kea
Testing our Carbothermal Reduction Reactor on Mauna Kea
- Report rights infringement
- published: 03 Feb 2010
- views: 531
This is a walk-through of the NASA ISRU lunar analog test site 9000' up Mauna Kea near Hale Pohaku, Hawaii. First up is the solar concentrator built by PSI, then the carbothermal reduction reactor built by us (ORBITEC), NASA's electolyzer, hydrogen storage, and fuel cell, and then our tool crate with data acquisition and control computer along with our gas chromatograph... and then me at the end.
1:59
Hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
This is a demonstration showing the hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
published: 27 Aug 2017
Hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
Hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
- Report rights infringement
- published: 27 Aug 2017
- views: 19701
This is a demonstration showing the hydrogen reduction of iron oxide
0:50
Carbothermal Reduction Module
NASA and Orbitec have developed this system designed to react carbon from the thermal deco...
published: 08 Apr 2010
Carbothermal Reduction Module
Carbothermal Reduction Module
- Report rights infringement
- published: 08 Apr 2010
- views: 458
NASA and Orbitec have developed this system designed to react carbon from the thermal decomposition of methane with lunar regolith to make carbon monoxide. The CO is then reacted with hydrogen to make methane and water. The methane is recycled back through the reactor to make more carbon. The water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen is stored for use in breathing gases, as oxidizer for a fuel cell, or as rocket propellant. At the test site, tephra will be substituted for regolith and electrolysis will be handled by a separate module.
3:08
Extraction Of Iron From Its Oxides
For more information:
http://www.7activestudio.com
info@7activestudio.com
http://www.7ac...
published: 05 Feb 2014
Extraction Of Iron From Its Oxides
Extraction Of Iron From Its Oxides
- Report rights infringement
- published: 05 Feb 2014
- views: 588046
For more information:
http://www.7activestudio.com
info@7activestudio.com
http://www.7activemedical.com/
info@7activemedical.com
7activestudio@gmail.com
Contact: +91- 9700061777,
+91- 9100061777
7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use.
Applications
Extraction of iron from its oxides: I n a Blast furnace Oxide ores of iron, after concentration through calcination/roasting are mixed with limestone and coke are fed from its top. Hot air is blown from the bottom of the furnace and coke is burnt to give temperature upto about 2200K in the lower portion itself. The burning of coke therefore supplies most of the heat required in the process and will be oxidised to CO. The CO and heat moves to upper part of the furnace. In upper part, the temperature is lower and the iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) coming from the top are reduced in steps to FeO. Limestone is also decomposed to CaO which removes silicate impurity of the ore as slag. The slag is in molten state and separates out from iron. Equation here for lime stone. Thus, the reduction reactions taking place in the lower temperature range and in the higher temperature rangedepend on the points of corresponding intersections in the ΔrG minus verses T plots. These reactions can be given as follows: At 500 -- 800 K lower temperature range in the blast furnace. 3 Fe2O3 + CO gives 2 Fe3O4 + CO2 equation 11. Fe3O4 + 4 CO gives 3Fe + 4 CO2 equation 12. Fe2O3 + CO gives 2FeO + CO2 equation 13. At 900 -- 1500 K higher temperature range in the blastfurnace: C + CO2 gives 2 CO equation 14. FeO + CO gives Fe + CO2 equation 15. The iron obtained from Blast furnace contains about 4% carbon and many impurities in smaller amount (e.g., S, P, Si, Mn).
12:36
How To Make Barium Sulfide Using Carbothermic Reduction #chemistry #barium #sulfur #homelab
In this video I carry out a reduction of BaSO4 to BaS using nothing more than sugar carbon...
published: 12 Sep 2022
How To Make Barium Sulfide Using Carbothermic Reduction #chemistry #barium #sulfur #homelab
How To Make Barium Sulfide Using Carbothermic Reduction #chemistry #barium #sulfur #homelab
- Report rights infringement
- published: 12 Sep 2022
- views: 79
In this video I carry out a reduction of BaSO4 to BaS using nothing more than sugar carbon, a tiny bit of water, and a couple hours of heating. To prove the reaction worked I used the BaS solution I obtained to precipitate out barium carbonate on addition to aqueous Na2CO3 and barium sulfate plus hydrogen sulfide gas on addition of aqueous sulfuric acid. Now we have a way to turn ALL alkaline earth metal sulfates into something useful!!!
Donate via Paypal: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/PoorMansChemist
Donate via Subscribe Star: https://www.subscribestar.com/poormanschemist
Donate via CashApp: $poormanschemist
Discord Invite: https://discord.gg/pyKBwuZNqT
Website: www.poormanschemist.com
Email: poormanschemist@gmail.com
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4:29
Silicon and silanes from sand
You can find instructions for this experiment at http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resour...
published: 14 Feb 2011
Silicon and silanes from sand
Silicon and silanes from sand
- Report rights infringement
- published: 14 Feb 2011
- views: 17020
You can find instructions for this experiment at http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00000725/making-silicon-and-silanes-from-sand.
Magnesium and sand are heated together and silicon is produced by an exothermic reaction. The product is placed in acid to remove magnesium oxide and unreacted magnesium. Small amounts of silanes are produced by the reaction of magnesium silicide (a side product) with the acid. These react spontaneously with air to give spectacular but harmless small explosions.
Carbothermic reaction
Carbothermic reactions involve the reduction of substances, often metal oxides, using carbon as the reducing agent. These chemical reactions are usually conducted at temperatures of several hundred degrees Celsius. Such processes are applied for production of the elemental forms of many elements. Carbothermic reactions are not useful for some metal oxides, such as those of sodium and potassium. The ability of metals to participate in carbothermic reactions can be predicted from Ellingham diagrams.
Carbothermal reactions produce carbon monoxide and sometimes carbon dioxide. The facility of these conversions is attributable to the entropy of reaction: two solids, the metal oxide and carbon, are converted to a new solid (metal) and a gas (CO), the latter having high entropy. Heat is required for carbothermic reactions because diffusion of the reacting solids is otherwise slow.
Applications
The most prominent example is that of iron ore smelting. Many reactions are involved, but the simplified equation is usually shown as:
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Carbothermic_reaction
Bob Explains Carbothermal Reduction...
Reducing Metal Oxides...
GCSE Chemistry - Extraction of Metals & Reduction ...
Testing our Carbothermal Reduction Reactor on Maun...
Hydrogen reduction of iron oxide...
Carbothermal Reduction Module...
Extraction Of Iron From Its Oxides...
How To Make Barium Sulfide Using Carbothermic Redu...
Silicon and silanes from sand...
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A general method for rapid synthesis of refractory carbides by low-pressure carbothermal shock reduction
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 119, Issue 37, September 2022 ... .
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