Gondolin

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Gondolin is a fictional city in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium inhabited by Elves.

The Fall of Gondolin

The city is first described in The Fall of Gondolin which was the foundational completed tale for all of Tolkien's Middle-earth stories. The story was read aloud by Tolkien to the Exeter College Essay Club in the spring of 1920. In this tale first appears one of Tolkien's main literary themes which would be repeated throughout his major works: the caution against possession. In The Lord of the Rings it is the possession of power through the One Ring, in The Silmarillion it is the lust to possess the beauty of the Jewels and in The Fall of Gondolin it is the possession of the city of Gondolin.

Internal history

Gondolin was founded by King Turgon in the First Age. It was originally named Ondolindë. According to The Silmarillion, the Vala Ulmo, the Lord of Waters, revealed the location of the Vale of Tumladen to Turgon in a dream. Under this divine guidance, Turgon travelled from his kingdom in Nevrast and found the vale. Within the Echoriath, the Encircling Mountains, lay a round level plain with sheer walls on all sides and a ravine and tunnel leading out to the southwest known as the Hidden Way. In the middle of the vale there was a steep hill which was called Amon Gwareth, the "Hill of Watch". There Turgon decided to found a city, designed after the city of Tirion in Valinor that the Noldor had left.

Turgon and his people built Gondolin in secret. After it was completed, he took with him to dwell in the hidden city his entire people in Nevrast — almost a third of the Noldor of Fingolfin's House — as well as nearly three quarters of the northern Sindar.

The Seven Gates of the City

The Hidden Pass was protected by seven gates, all constantly guarded; the first of wood, then stone, bronze, iron, silver, gold, and steel.

The End of the City

The city stood for nearly 400 years until it was betrayed to Morgoth by Maeglin, Turgon's nephew. Maeglin was captured while mining outside the Encircling Mountains (against Turgon's orders). Maeglin betrayed the location of Gondolin after being promised Lordship and Turgon's daughter Idril. Morgoth then sent an army over the Crissaegrim the northern most precipitous and dangerous portion of the Encircling Mountains during The Gates of Summer (A great Gondolin festival) catching them unawares and sacking the city with relative ease. In addition to orcs, Balrogs and dragons, Melkor's (Morgoth's) army, in early versions of the story, included iron machines powered by "internal fires" and used as personnel carriers, to surmount difficult geographic obstacles and to defeat fortifications.

The imagery of the Fall of Gondolin bears some similarity to the siege of Minas Tirith as told in The Lord of the Rings.

The Seven Names of Gondolin

According to "The Book of Lost Tales" the city had seven names: "’Tis said and ’tis sung: Gondobar am I called and Gondothlimbar, City of Stone and City of the Dwellers in Stone; Gondolin the Stone of Song and Gwarestrin am I named, the Tower of the Guard, Gar Thurion or the Secret Place, for I am hidden from the eyes of Melko; but they who love me most greatly call me Loth, for like a flower am I, even Lothengriol the flower that blooms on the plain."

The Houses of Gondolin

According to "The Book of Lost Tales" the active male Elves of Gondolin belonged to one of the eleven "Houses" or Thlim plus the bodyguard of Tuor which was accounted the twelfth:

{| class=wikitable width=100% !Name in Gnomish of the Houses !!Leader!!Uniforms and Emblems!!Notes |- |The folk of the White Wing||Tuor||"These wore wings as it were of swans or gulls upon their helms, and the emblem of the White Wing was upon their shields."||The bodyguard of Tuor. |- |The House of the Mole or the Thlim Doldrin||Meglin||"Sable was their harness, and they bore no sign or emblem, but their round caps of steel were covered with moleskin."||Gondolin's best archers. |- |The House of the Heavenly Arch or the Thlim Quing Ilon||Egalmoth||"They were arrayed in a glory of colours, and their arms were set with jewels. Every shield of that bataillon was of the blue of the heavens."||A very wealthy house; comprised the other part of Gondolin's archers. |- |The House of the Pillar or the Thlim Climbol||Penlod||unknown|| Their leader was slain during the Fall of Gondolin. |- |The House of the Tower of Snow or the Thlim Ith Mindon||Penlod||unknown|| Their leader was slain during the Fall of Gondolin. |- |The House of the Tree or the Thlim Galdon ||Galdor||"Their raiment was green."||The largest and most valiant house. They comprised those blacksmiths who were not under Maeglin, as well as escaped thralls of Morgoth. They perished to the last elf during the Fall of Gondolin. |- |The House of the King||King Turgon||"The array of the house of the king and their colours were white and gold and red, and their emblems the moon and the sun and the scarlet heart [of Finwë Nólemë]." The common or standard Sindarin tongue was not used in Gondolin.

Weaponry

The smiths of Gondolin, using Elven techniques and magics, made powerful magic blades. In The Hobbit, the swords Orcrist, Glamdring and a long dagger later named Sting were found in a Rhudaur Troll-Hoard. Each of these weapons had the ability to detect Goblins/Orcs in the immediate vicinity by glowing blue. They also had the property of striking fear in the hearts of Orcs when used against them in combat. All were well-crafted, and extraordinarily sharp. Apparently, Gondolinian weapons were impervious to rust and corrosion, as the examples found in the trolls' lair were over six thousand years old and had been hanging in the lair for an indeterminate length of time, yet were sharp and ready for use when unsheathed.

The dagger Sting was known to have special powers against giant spiders (distant offspring of Ungoliant) and could cut their webs with ease. It also was highly effective against Shelob, cutting the spider's eyes and wounding her sufficiently that she fled in pain. Whether the longer Gondolin swords mentioned in Tolkien's works had similar powers versus spiders is unknown. Such creatures were common in the Ered Gorgoroth south of Gondolin.

See also

Aredhel

Húrin

Nírnaeth Arnoediad

Quenta Silmarillion

References

Category:Middle-earth cities and towns