A toll road (also tollway, turnpike, toll highway, or express toll route) is a privately or publicly built road for which the driver is required to pay a fee, or toll. Fees were traditionally collected by hand at toll booth, toll house, toll plaza, toll station, toll bar or toll gate, but nowadays more tolls are implementing some form of automatic or electronic toll collection.

In addition to toll roads, toll bridges and toll tunnels are also used by public authorities for revenue generation to repay for long-term debt issued to finance the toll facility, or to reinvest in capacity expansion or used to pay for operations and maintenance of the facility, or simply as general tax funds. Also road congestion pricing schemes have been implemented in a limited number of urban areas as a transportation demand management tool to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution.

Tolls are mentioned in Greek mythology where Charon the ferryman charged a toll to carry the dead across the rivers Acheron and Styx to Hades. If the soul paid a toll, Charon ferried it across the river. If not, it wandered between death and life for eternity.