Ziaelas of Bithynia

Ziaelas (Greek: Ζιαήλας; lived c. 265 BC – 228 BC, reigned c. 254 BC – 228 BC), third king of Bithynia, was a son of Nicomedes I and Ditizele.

Life

After Nicomedes I died, his second wife Etazeta became ruler on behalf of her infant sons. The grown-up Ziaelas, excluded from the throne, had previously fled to Armenia and taken refuge at the court of King Arsames I in Sophene. On his father's death he immediately endeavoured to regain his rights by force, he returned, aided by some Galatians. Although Etazeta was supported by neighbouring cities and Antigonus II Gonatas, Ziaelas rapidly conquered first part, then all of Bithynia, forcing Etazeta and her sons to escape to Antigonus' court in Macedonia about 254 BC.

He was succeeded by his son Prusias I about 228 BC after being killed by the Galatian Gauls. Like his father and his grandfather he also founded a new city named after him, Ziela, but the location of the city is unknown. His daughter, born c. 245 BC, married Antiochus Hierax.

Zaynab bint Ali

Sayyeda Zaynab bint Ali (Arabic: زينب بنت علي‎ Also: Zainab, Zeinab, or with the title Sayyeda/Sayyidah) was one of the daughters of the Rashid Caliph and first Shia Imam, Ali and his first wife Fatimah. Muhammad the Islamic prophet was her maternal grandfather, and thus she is a member of ahl al-bayt (the household of Muhammad), and is therefore often revered not only for her admirable characteristics and actions but also for her membership in and continuation of the biological line of Muhammad. Like other members of her family she became a great figure of sacrifice, strength, and piety in Islam – in the Sunni and Shia sects of the religion. Zaynab married Abdullah ibn Jafar and had three sons and two daughters. When her brother Imam Hussain stood up against the tyrant Yazid ibn Muawiyah in 680 AD (61 AH), Zaynab accompanied him. Zaynab played an important role in protecting the life of her nephew Ali Ibn Al Husayn and because of her sacrifice and heroism, she became known as the "Hero of Karbala". Zaynab died in 681 AD, and her shrine is located in Damascus, Syria.

Zaynab bint Jahsh

Zaynab bint Jahsh (Arabic: زينب بنت جحش‎) (c. 590 – 641) was a cousin and wife of Muhammad and therefore a Mother of the Believers.

Early life

Zaynab's father was Jahsh ibn Riyab, an immigrant from the Asad ibn Khuzayma tribe who had settled in Mecca under the protection of the Umayya clan. Her mother was Umama bint Abdulmuttalib, a member of the Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe and a sister of Muhammad's father. Hence Zaynab and her five siblings were the first cousins of Muhammad.

Zaynab is described as "a perfect-looking woman," fair-skinned and shapely, and of diminutive size. It was said that she was quick to lose her temper but also quick to calm down. She was a skilled tanner and leather-worker. She continued with this line of work throughout her life, even after she no longer needed the money.

The name of her first husband is not known, but he had died by 622. At that time Zaynab, who had become a Muslim, was among those who accompanied her brother Abdullah on the Hijra to Medina.