The Gobroon dynasty or Geledi sultanate (Somali: Saldanadda Geledi, Arabic: سلالة غوبرون‎) was a Somali royal house that ruled parts of the Horn of Africa during the 18th and 19th centuries. It was established by the Gobroon soldier Ibrahim Adeer, who had defeated various vassals of the Ajuuraan Empire and founded the House of Gobroon. The dynasty reached its apex under the successive reigns of Sultan Yusuf Mahamud Ibrahim, who successfully consolidated Gobroon power during the Bardera wars, and Sultan Ahmed Yusuf, who forced regional powers such as the Omani Empire to submit tribute.

At the end of the 17th century, the Ajuuraan Empire was on its decline, and various vassals were now breaking free or being absorbed by new Somali powers. One of these powers was the Silci Kingdom, which began consolidating its rule over the Afgooye region. Ibrahim Adeer led the revolt against the Silci ruler Umar Abroone and his oppressive daughter, Princess Fay. After his victory over the Silcis, Ibrahim then proclaimed himself Sultan and subsequently started the Gobroon Dynasty.

Somalis (Somali: Soomaaliyeed, Arabic: الصوماليون‎) are an ethnic group located in the Horn of Africa, also known as the Somali Peninsula. The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. Ethnic Somalis number around 15-17 million and are principally concentrated in Somalia (more than 10 million), Ethiopia (4.6 million), Yemen (a little under 1 million), Kenya (900,000), Djibouti (464,600), and an unknown but large number live in parts of the Middle East, North America and Europe.

Samaale, the oldest common ancestor of several Somali clans, is generally regarded as the source of the ethnonym Somali. The name "Somali" is, in turn, held to be derived from the words soo and maal, which together mean "go and milk" — a reference to the ubiquitous pastoralism of the Somali people. Another plausible etymology proposes that the term Somali is derived from the Arabic for "wealthy" (dhawamaal), again referring to Somali riches in livestock.