Tariq al-Hashimi (Arabic: طارق الهاشمي‎; born 1942) is an Iraqi politician and was general secretary of the Iraqi Islamic Party (IIP) until May 2009. Along with Adil Abdul Mahdi, he was a Vice President of Iraq in the government formed after the December 2005 elections for 5 years, and is now Vice President of Iraq along with Khodair al-Khozaei. As a Sunni, he took the place of fellow Sunni politician Ghazi al-Yawar.

Tariq al-Hashimi was born in 1942 in Baghdad, Iraq, into the Mashhadan tribe. From 1959 until 1962, he studied at a military academy. He earned a bachelor's degree in economics from Al-Mustansiriya University in 1969, and a master's in 1978. At the age of 33, he left the military and became active in the Iraqi Islamic Party, serving on its planning committee.

Hashimi's party represented the largest Sunni block in parliament after the 2005 election. Hashimi opposes federalism, wants oil revenues distributed based on population, de-Baathification reversed and more Sunnis in the new military and police.

Death in absentia (or presumption of death) is a legal declaration that a person is deceased in the absence of remains (e.g., a corpse or skeleton) attributable to that person. Such a declaration is typically made when a person has been missing for an extended period of time without any evidence that the person is still alive, or when the circumstances surrounding a person's disappearance overwhelmingly support the belief that the person has died (e.g., an airplane crash). A declaration that a person is dead resembles other forms of "preventive adjudication," such as the declaratory judgment.

In most common law and civil code jurisdictions, it is usually necessary to obtain a court order directing the registrar to issue a death certificate in the absence of a physician's certification that an identified individual has died. However, if there is circumstantial evidence that would lead a reasonable person to believe that the individual is deceased on the balance of probabilities, jurisdictions may agree to issue death certificates without any such order. For example, passengers and crew of the Titanic who were not rescued by the RMS Carpathia were declared legally dead soon after the Carpathia's arrival at New York City. More recently, death certificates for those who perished in the September 11, 2001 attacks were issued by the State of New York within days of the tragedy. The same is usually true of soldiers missing after a major battle, especially if the enemy keeps an accurate record of its prisoners of war.

In absentia is Latin for "in the absence". In legal use, it usually means a trial at which the defendant is not physically present. The phrase is not ordinarily a mere observation, but suggests recognition of violation to a defendant's right to be present in court proceedings in a criminal trial.

In common law legal systems, conviction of a person in absentia, that is, in a trial in which he/she is not present to answer the charges, is held to be a violation of natural justice. Specifically, it violates the second principle of natural justice, audi alteram partem. By contrast, in some civil law legal systems, such as Italy, trial in absentia is permitted. Such trials may require the presence of the defendant's lawyer depending on the country.

For more than 100 years, courts in the United States have held that, according to the United States Constitution, a criminal defendant's right to appear in person at their trial, as a matter of due process, is protected under the Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments.

Coordinates: 32°21′51″N 35°39′35″E / 32.36417°N 35.65972°E / 32.36417; 35.65972

Al Hashimiyya ( /ˌælhæʃˈmiːə/; Arabic: الهاشمية‎ al-Hāshimīyah) is a village in the Ajloun Governorate of north-western Jordan. The village is located 7 km northwest of Ajloun, 22 km south of Irbid and 108 km north of Amman. It is near Ajloun Castle and Tell Mar Elias. The largest tribes are Bani 'Ata (بني عطا) , Qwaqnah (قواقنة) , Gharaibeh (غرايبة), Rababah (ربابعة), Za'areer (زعارير), Abu Sini (ابو صيني) and Haddad (حداد). Hashimiyya is one of the three villages that are part of the Ash Shefa Municipality (بلدية الشفا) along with Halawah (حلاوة) and Al Wahadinah (الوهادنه).

Hashimiyya is located in the mountainous area that surrounds Ajloun. The town is situated on a ridge that leads eastward down to the floor of the Jordan Valley. The northern and eastern sides of Hashimiyya are bordered by small pockets of forest (Ras Al Khlail and Valley of the Wolves respectively). The climate is Mediterranean-like and similar to the nearby Ajloun Forest Reserve. Hashimiyya lies within the range of the Fertile Crescent making alluvial cultivation possible. Snow and rain are common in the winter months between December and February.