People of Arya Zamin - مردم آریا زمین Professor Frank Holt, Professor of ancient Greek and Roman history, He wrote, (Bactria- Balkh) had been a center of civilization long before the rise of the Greek cities, He said, Ariana- meaning "Land of the Aryans" (Ariana- Afghanistan) the name of the Iranian peoples mother country). Ariana was named after its one of provinces Aria, a region enclosed chiefly the valley of the Hari River which is modern day's Herat Province of Afghanistan.The modern name Iran represents the ancient name Ariana which has been used since 1959, and implies that Iran is the Ariana itself. a word itself of Avestan origin. a view which is borne out by the traditions of the country preserved in the Muslim writers of the ninth and tenth centuries. According to scholars, The word Afghan means Aryan, Since the Indo-Aryan peoples built their first Kingdom in (Balkh- Bactria) scholars believe that it was from this area that different waves of Indo-Aryan peoples spread to Iran and Seistan, where they became today's Persian, Pashtuns, and Baloch, The ones that stayed in Bactria became Tajiks, who are located in modern Balkh and surrounding areas. The period between 26th- 20th century BC was the most important period in the history of Balkh. Poetry in Afghanistan has long been a cultural tradition and passion. It is mainly in Dari and Pashto languages, although in modern times it is also becoming more recognized in Afghanistan's other languages. Classic Persian and Pashto poetry plays an important role in the Afghan culture. Poetry has always been one of the major educational pillars in the region, to the level that it has integrated itself into culture. Some notable poets include Rumi, Khushal Khan Khattak, Rahman Baba, Massoud Nawabi, Nazo Tokhi, Ahmad Shah Durrani, Al-Afghani, and Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi. Many of the famous Persian poets and authors from the 10th to 15th centuries stem from Khorasan (now part of Afghanistan), such as Mewlana Jalāl ad-Dīn Muḥammad Balkhī (Rumi), Rabi'a Balkhi, Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, Nasir Khusraw, Jami, Alisher Navoi, Sanai Ghaznawi, Abu Mansur Daqiqi, Farrukhi Sistani, Unsuri, Anvari, and many others. Moreover, some of the contemporary Persian language poets and writers, who are relatively well known in the Persian-speaking world, include Khalilullah Khalili, Sufi Ashqari,] Sarwar Joya, Qahar Asey, and Parwin Pazhwak. In addition to poets and authors, numerous Persian scientists and philosophers were born or worked in the region of Afghanistan. Most notable was Abu Ali Sina Balkhi, whose paternal family hailed from Balkh. Ibn Sīnā, who travelled to Isfahan later in life to establish a medical school there, is known by some scholars as "the father of modern medicine". George Sarton called Ibn Sīnā "the most famous scientist of Islam and one of the most famous of all races, places, and times." His most famous works are The Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine, also known as the Qanun. Ibn Sīnā's story even found ways to the contemporary English literature through Noah Gordon's The Physician, now published in many languages. Al-Farabi was another well-known philosopher and scientist of the 9th and 10th centuries, who, according to Ibn al-Nadim, was from the Faryab Province in Afghanistan. Other notable scientists and philosophers are Abu Rayhan Biruni (astronomer, anthropologist, geographer, and mathematician), Abu Zayd Balkhi (polymath and a student of al-Kindi), Abu Ma'shar Balkhi (known as Albuxar in the west), and Abu Sa'id Sijzi. Poetry of Afghanistan has ancient roots, which is mostly written in Pashto and Dari (Persian) Afghan poetry relates to the culture of Afghanistan, the Afghan people and the region of Afghanistan or the former Khorasan region. The Persian language has a long poetic tradition. Afghan poets writing in Persian include Mawlana-Jalal-ed-Din Muhammad Balkhi, noted for his themes of love and humanity; and Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, noted for his chants; and Sanai Ghaznawi. Afghanistan was noted for its poetic language even before the Islamic conquest of Afghanistan in the 7th through 11th centuries. The Pata Khazana, if authentic, contains Pashto poetry written as far back as the 8th Century. Some of the famous poets from the region of Afghanistan (or Khorasan) include Rumi, Khushal Khan Khattak, Rahman Baba, Ahmad Shah Durrani, Timur Shah Durrani, Shuja Shah Durrani, Al-Afghani, Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi, Ghulam Habib Nawabi, Massoud Nawabi and many others. The nation also has a number of female poets, such as Rabia Balkhi, 17th century Nazo Tokhi, and others. Due to political unrest and wars in the country, many women poets have remained hidden. Today, there are very few established young Afghan women poets like Afghan American Sajia Alaha Ahrar, a student at the University of Mary Washington in the United States, wrote a poem in 2010 entitled "Desire for World's Peace".

• published: 15 Oct 2013
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