The Tote, formerly the Horserace Totalisator Board, is a British bookmaker with head offices in Wigan. It was owned from its formation in 1928 by the UK Government but was sold to Betfred in July 2011. Under the brand totesport the Tote has 514 high street betting shops,^[2] outlets on Britain's 60 racecourses, as well as internet and call centre divisions. The company is known for its pool bets such as the Scoop6, and is the only organisation in the UK which is allowed to run pool betting on horseracing. It has a seven year exclusive licence from the date of the company's privatisation to continue offering pool bets.^[3] The company has also branched out into fixed odds betting on other sports in recent years, as well as casino and bingo operations online.

History[link]

A branch of the Tote in Bramley, Leeds.

The Racehorse Betting Control Board was created by the Racecourse Betting Act 1928,^[4] as a statutory corporation.^[5] It was set up by Winston Churchill as a government-appointed board, with the intention of providing a safe, state-controlled alternative to illegal off course bookmakers and ensuring that some gambling revenues were put back into the sport of horse racing.^[6] The first major race meetings with tote betting were the flat race meetings at Newmarket (July Course) and Carlisle on 2 July 1929.

Under the Betting Levy Act 1961 the board was reconstituted as the Horserace Totalisator Board (the Tote), with responsibility for the redistribution of funds to racing transferred to the Horserace Betting Levy Board.

The Tote opened its first high street betting shop in 1972, and has since grown to employ more than 4,000 staff. Tote Direct was set up in 1992 to channel tote bets from other high street bookmakers into tote pools. Now tote betting is accepted in more than 7,000 betting shops across the UK (the majority of which are non-Tote owned shops) as well as via other online gambling websites.

In 1999, the Tote linked up with Channel 4 Racing to introduce the popular Scoop6 bet which involves bettors trying to select the winner of six televised races. This bet produced the first horserace betting millionaire, a feat which has been achieved on several more occasions since. A record single-day turnover, in excess of £4 million, was bet into the Scoop6 pool on 22 November 2008.

The Tote has formal pool betting links from similar organisations in Ireland, Germany, Holland, America and South Africa.

Privatisation[link]

Privatisation was first suggested in 1989 by the then Conservative government following a study by Lloyds Bank into a possible sell off.^[7] However, these plans were met with strong opposition from the racing industry and were later abandoned by the then Home Secretary Michael Howard in 1995.^[8]

After the 1997 general election Howard's Labour successor Jack Straw launched a fresh study and privatisation of the organisation was made a manifesto commitment in 2001. To enable privatisation the Horserace Betting and Olympic Lottery Act 2004 was passed with the intention of converting the Tote from a statutory corporation to a limited company so that a sale could take place.^[9] The then Chancellor Gordon Brown announced plans for privatisation in the 2006 Budget and the Government invited a racing consortium and Tote staff to formally bid for the Tote by 26 January 2007. This bid was successfully submitted but was rejected by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport as it was backed by private equity. On 5 March 2008, the Government announced that The Tote would be sold on the open market. However, after an extensive audit, the prevailing financial situation forced the Government to opt to retain the status quo until further notice. On 12 October 2009, Gordon Brown, at that point Prime Minister, announced plans for the sale of the Tote along with a number of other publicly owned assets, although no progress was made before the 2010 general election.^[10]

Under the new Coalition government, a competitive bidding process ensued with 18 bidders entering at the first round stage. On 31 January 2011, the government announced that a short-list had been drawn-up for the next round of the process but declined to confirm which bids were on it. There were believed to be five, including Betfred, David and Simon Reuben, Gala Coral Group, Sports Investment Partners led by Sir Martin Broughton and a foundation set up by the existing management, although there were indications of a sixth. Stan James was suggested as this sixth party but declined to comment when asked.^[2] In May 2011 it was reported that only two bidders remained in the process, Betfred and Sports Investment Partners.^[11] On 3 June 2011, it was confirmed that Betfred had been chosen by Culture Secretary Jeremy Hunt as the successful bidder, for a reported figure of £265m.^[12] The sale process was completed on 13 July 2011.^[13]

Key dates[link]

• 1928 Racecourse Betting Act passed (August) Racecourse Betting Control Board (the Tote) set up to handle on-course cash pool bets on horse racing
• 1929 First meeting operated under Licence: West Street Harriers (13 March)
• First meeting operated with Board's staff: Old Surrey & Burstow (27 April)
• First major meetings: Newmarket (July Course) and Carlisle (2 July)
• 1930 Tote Investors Ltd set up as an independent company to handle off-course credit tote bets
• 1933 First grants made from Tote profits to Hunters' Improvement Society, promoters of point-to-point meetings and pony racing
• 1956 First sponsored race: Tote Investors Cup (Kempton)
• 1961 Betting Levy Act transferred responsibility for distribution of funds to racing to the Levy Board; Board reconstituted as Horserace Totalisator Board; Tote Investors Ltd opened two betting shops to handle tote pool bets only

The Tote at Cheltenham racecourse

• 1963 Tote buys Tote Investors Ltd
• 1972 Tote permitted to handle bets on all sports
• 1973 Tote Bookmakers launched
• 1986 Live TV pictures in betting shops
• 1992 Tote Direct launched (joint venture with Corals)
• 1993 Betting shops open in the evening
• 1995 Sunday racing (May: Newmarket and Salisbury)
• 1997 Tote permitted to handle bets on all events, including numbers. Ladbrokes join Tote Direct
• 2002 Tote betXpress internet service launched
• 2004 Official unveiling of totesport/totepool
• 2009 Two year deal to sponsor Hull City A.F.C.
• 2011 The sale of the Tote to Betfred

History of Tote pool bets[link]

• 1929 Win and Place pools
• 1930 Daily Double launched (discontinued 1985) Special Autumn Double (Cesarewitch/Cambridgeshire)
• 1931 Ante-post bets on Cambridgeshire and Manchester November Handicap (money was placed in main pools)
• 1933 Straight forecast pool (3 or 4 runner races) (discontinued 1939)
• 1934 Unsuccessful experiment with Single Pools (Win and Place bets in the same pool)
• 1939 Daily Treble (discontinued 1985)
• 1947 Straight forecast pool re-introduced (3 to 5 runner races) (discontinued 1977)
• 1955 Dual Forecast (discontinued 2000)
• 1965 Quadpool (discontinued 1966)
• 1966 Jackpot (June: Royal Ascot)
• 1970 Tricast (Discontinued 1973)
• 1977 Placepot (November: Newbury)
• 1979 Top Three Jockey Pool at Ascot
• 1983 Super Double and Super Treble (Scottish courses only) (discontinued 1983)
• 1991 Trio (discontinued 1998)
• 1994 Quadpot launched (June: Pontefract and Nottingham) and Multibet (May: Goodwood)
• 1998 Trifecta launched (August: Goodwood)
• 1999 Scoop6 launched (July)
• 2000 Exacta launched (January)
• 2008 Swinger and Super7 launched (Super7 Discontinued 2011)

Footnotes and references[link]

External links[link]

• totesport
• Tote Direct

Look up tote in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Tote may refer to:

• Tote, abbreviation for Tote board, the name for the computerised system which runs parimutuel betting, calculating payoff odds, displaying them, and producing tickets based on incoming bets
  • Tote Tasmania, Tasmanian totalisator and bookmakers
  • The Tote, British bookmakers
  • Tote Ireland
• Tote (Transformers), a fictional character
• The Tote Hotel, an iconic alternative music venue in Melbourne, Australia
• Heroes of Might and Magic V: Tribes of the East, colloquially abbreviated as ToTE
• Tote (Addition), the mathematical operation of combining or adding two numbers to obtain an equal simple amount or total
• To-te, an early translation of the Japanese word for karate
• A tote bag, a carry bag that is often used to carry items too large for a purse; sometimes also sold as a reusable shopping bag
• To tote, to carry a heavy weight or load
• In psychology T.O.T.E., standing for "Test - Operate - Test - Exit", is an iterative problem solving strategy based on feedback loops
• Tote may also refer to an IBC or an Intermediate Bulk Container. See also Intermediate bulk container
• Tote (footballer), Spanish footballer
• Totes»ISOTONER
• Tote box or bulk box - a pallet size box used for storage and shipping of bulk quantities

See also[link]

• Ol' Man River

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

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"The Man" is a slang phrase that may refer to the government or to some other authority in a position of power. In addition to this derogatory connotation, it may also serve as a term of respect and praise.

The phrase "the Man is keeping me down" is commonly used to describe oppression. The phrase "stick it to the Man" encourages resistance to authority, and essentially means "fight back" or "resist", either openly or via sabotage.^[1]

History[link]

The earliest recorded use^{[citation needed]} of the term "the Man" in the American sense dates back to a letter written by a young Alexander Hamilton in September 1772, when he was 15. In a letter to his father James Hamilton, published in the Royal Dutch-American Gazette, he described the response of the Dutch governor of St. Croix to a hurricane that raked that island on August 31, 1772. "Our General has issued several very salutary and humane regulations and both in his publick and private measures, has shewn himself the Man." ^{[2][dubious – discuss]} In the Southern U.S. states, the phrase came to be applied to any man or any group in a position of authority, or to authority in the abstract. From about the 1950s the phrase was also an underworld code word for police, the warden of a prison or other law enforcement or penal authorities.

It was also used as a term for a drug dealer in the 1950s and 1960s and can be seen in such media as Curtis Mayfield's "No Thing On Me", William Burroughs's novel Naked Lunch, and in the Velvet Underground song "I'm Waiting for the Man", in which Lou Reed sings about going to Uptown Manhattan, specifically Lexington Avenue and 125th Street, to buy heroin.

The use of this term was expanded to counterculture groups and their battles against authority, such as the Yippies, which, according to a May 19, 1969 article in U.S. News and World Report, had the "avowed aim ... to destroy 'The Man', their term for the present system of government". The term eventually found its way into humorous usage, such as in a December 1979 motorcycle ad from the magazine Easyriders which featured the tagline, "California residents: Add 6% sales tax for The Man."

In present day, the phrase has been popularized in commercials and cinema, featuring particularly prominently as a recurring motif in the 2003 film School of Rock.^[3][4][5][6]

Use as praise[link]

The term has also been used as an approbation or form of praise. This may refer to the recipient's status as the leader or authority within a particular context, or it might be assumed to be a shortened form of a phrase like "He is the man (who is in charge)." One example of this usage dates to 1879 when Otto von Bismarck commented, referring to Benjamin Disraeli's pre-eminent position at the Congress of Berlin, "The old Jew, he is the man."^{[7][dubious – discuss]}

In more modern usage, it can be a superlative compliment ("you da man!") indicating that the subject is currently standing out amongst his peers even though they have no special designation or rank, such as a basketball player who is performing better than the other players on the court. It can also be used as a genuine compliment with an implied, slightly exaggerated or sarcastic tone, usually indicating that the person has indeed impressed the speaker but by doing something relatively trivial.

See also[link]

• Absentee landlord
• Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-Four)
• New World Order (conspiracy theory)
• Ruling class
• The Establishment
• Power elite
• Corrections officer
• YTMND

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Lighter, J.E. (Ed.). (1997). Random House Dictionary of American Slang. New York: Random House.

Tote King is the stage name of a noted hip hop emcee (MC) from Sevilla, Spain.^[1]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• Musica para enfermos
• Un tipo cualquiera
• T.O.T.E.
• El lado oscuro de Gandhi

References[link]

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Rowland Stuart Howard (24 October 1959 – 30 December 2009) was an Australian rock musician, guitarist and songwriter, best known for his work with the post-punk group The Birthday Party and his subsequent solo career.

1978–1990[link]

Rowland Stuart Howard wrote "Shivers" at the age of 16 while in the band The Young Charlatans. Howard gained acclaim after joining Melbourne-based band The Boys Next Door, when the song was released as a single. The band changed their name to The Birthday Party and Howard's discordant guitar remained a major factor in their sound.

The Birthday Party relocated from Australia to London in 1980 and subsequently to West Berlin which they found to be a cooler version of Melbourne (and preferable to London) and came complete with inspiring Berlin types.

The Birthday Party's live performances were wickedly gleeful romps. They drew on a very wide span of influences; from The Stooges to Jaques Brel and often to frightening effect fueled by drugs and alcohol. They were considered hugely influential on the world music scene before their self-destruction and the rifts occasioned by Nick Cave's ever expanding artistic diversions.

The Birthday Party's early records were released by Missing Link Records in Australia and 4AD Records in the UK. They later became associated with Mute Records in Europe. Howard and Cave suffered 'creative differences', and Howard left the Birthday Party as they transformed into The Bad Seeds. He soon became a member of Crime and the City Solution, a band led by Simon Bonney. Later he formed These Immortal Souls with girlfriend Genevieve McGuckin, brother, Harry Howard, and Epic Soundtracks.

Howard also collaborated with Lydia Lunch, Nikki Sudden, Jeremy Gluck, French electro group KaS Product, Barry Adamson, Einstürzende Neubauten, guitarist Chris Haskett, The Gun Club singer and songwriter Jeffrey Lee Pierce, Fad Gadget, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, Henry Rollins, and A.C. Marias. He was described by Sam Agostino as 'one of the most influential indie guitarists ever'.^{[citation needed]}

Lydia Lunch and Thurston Moore recorded a version of Howard's song "Still Burning" ('I catch most things in my blood you all lose between rooms') for Lunch's In Limbo (1984) mini-album. "Still Burning" had previously been recorded as a bass-heavy track with Howard on vocals, during the Honeymoon In Red recording sessions (1983–1987).

The Howard-Lunch collaborations saw Howard's singing and guitar playing moving into Lunch's lyrical obsessions such as retribution, murder, and general stupidity, along with sparser arrangements (often losing the guitar).

These Immortal Souls released their first album Get Lost, (Don't Lie!) in 1987 and played shows in Europe and America, returning to Australia for a short tour in 1988.

1990-1999[link]

After the release of These Immortal Souls' second album, I'm Never Gonna Die Again, (1992) and another Howard/Lunch collaboration Shotgun Wedding, Howard, Lunch and members of The Beasts Of Bourbon performed live on tour in Australia and Europe. Shotgun Wedding was re-released with a second compact disc of live recordings. Shotgun Wedding was a swaggering rock 'n' roll album featuring cover versions of "In My Time of Dying" and Alice Cooper's "Black Juju".

Howard sang backing vocals on the Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds album Let Love In (1994). In 1995 These Immortal Souls contributed their version of "You Can't Unring a Bell" to a Tom Waits tribute album Step Right Up.

Paul Godfrey a.k.a. Epic Soundtracks, the drummer for These Immortal Souls, was found dead in his London apartment on 5 November 1997, shortly after a relationship break-up, a successful tour, and the release of the third of his solo albums.

Howard lamented in a 1999 television interview (Studio 22, ABCTV) with Clinton Walker that people still asked him about "Shivers", a song he wrote when he was sixteen years old which first became well-known when it was sung by Nick Cave.^{[citation needed]}

Howard released a well-received solo album called Teenage Snuff Film in Australia in 1999.^[1]

2000-2010[link]

The Birthday Party song "Release the Bats" was used in the true crime film Chopper (2000).

An unofficial Rowland S. Howard fan website was established as the amount of Rowland S. Howard related information and file swapping grew steadily on the internet from the mid-1990s. Howard made a cameo appearance in the 2002 vampire movie Queen of the Damned as a musician in a vampire club band. French label Stagger Records released a double CD tribute album to Howard in 2007 featuring Mick Harvey, The Drones, The Holy Soul, Penny Ikinger, Loene Carmen, Nikki Sudden, Noah Taylor and many more.

In September 2007, Howard joined with Magic Dirt and Beasts of Bourbon for a tour of the east coast of Australia. Howard appeared at the All Tomorrows Parties rock festival in Australia in January 2009, curated by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. He was backed by Mick Harvey on drums, and JP Shilo on bass. Howard's second solo album, Pop Crimes, was released in October 2009 to acclaim from the musician Robert Forster (musician). He appeared on the Magic Dirt EP White Boy playing guitar and supplying vocals on the track "Summer High".

Death[link]

Roland S. Howard died of hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to liver cirrhosis on 30 December 2009. He was 50 years old. His public funeral was held at Sacred Heart Church, St Kilda, Melbourne on 7 January 2010.

In an October 2009 interview, Howard said that the forthcoming album he was working on (Pop Crimes) was recorded quickly: "I contracted liver disease a while back and I've basically got liver cancer, I'm waiting for a transfer, if I don't get it things might not go so well...so..." .

His Birthday Party band mates reflected upon his death: Nick Cave told WENN, "This is very sad news. Rowland was Australia's most unique, gifted and uncompromising guitarist. He was also a good friend. He will be missed by many".^[2] Mick Harvey remarked, "Sometimes people are ready to go because they have been sick for a long time, but Rowland really wanted to live. Things were going well for him outside his health and he wanted to take advantage of that, and he was very disappointed that he wasn't well enough to do so".^[3]

Legacy[link]

In October 2011, filmmaker Richard Lowenstein (Dogs in Space) and Lynn-Maree Milburn (We're Living on Dogfood - documentary maker), released a 110 minute documentary film on the life of Rowland S. Howard titled Autoluminescent which had a limited release for cinema.^[4]

Band history[link]

• Tootho and the Ring of Confidence, with band members including Simon McLean and Clint Small
• The Obsessions, with band members including Simon McLean and Graham Pitt
• The Young Charlatans, with band members including Ollie Olsen
• The Boys Next Door: members Nick Cave, Mick Harvey, Tracy Pew, and Phill Calvert
• The Birthday Party, with the same band members
• Honeymoon In Red, released as a Lydia Lunch album, Lydia Lunch, Nick Cave, Mick Harvey, J.G. Thirlwell, Thurston Moore, Murray Mitchell, Tracy Pew, Genevieve McGuckin (Nick Cave and Mick Harvey are uncredited on the album)
• Crime and the City Solution, with band members Simon Bonney, Bronwyn Adams, Mick Harvey, Alexander Hacke, Epic Soundtracks, Harry Howard
• These Immortal Souls, with band members Genevieve McGuckin, Harry Howard, Epic Soundtracks
• Nikki Sudden and the Jacobites
• Teenage Snuff Film, (Rowland S. Howard solo album featuring Mick Harvey and Brian Hooper)
• Pop Crimes, (Rowland S. Howard's second solo album featuring Mick Harvey , JP Shilo and Jonnine Standish of HTRK)

Equipment[link]

• Ibanez guitar, a copy of Firebird. He used it in his early days in the Australian rock scene, while he was member of Young Charlatans and The Boys Next Door, being inspired by Phil Manzanera from Roxy Music.^[5]
• Fender Jaguar guitar. It was a post-1966 Fender guitar, from the CBS era. Considered as his main guitar, Howard got it in 1978.
• Fender Twin Reverb amplifier (1970's model with master volume). Rowland used these amps almost exclusively throughout his career.
• MXR Blue Box effects pedal. Many of his trademark distortion excursions were assisted by this guitar pedal.
• MXR Distortion Plus effects pedal. Almost as essential in Howard's rig as his Jaguar.

Filmography[link]

• Wings of Desire, 1987
• In Too Deep, 1990
• The Queen of the Damned, 2002
• We're Living on Dog Food, 2009
• Autoluminescent, 2011

Production credits[link]

• Hungry Ghosts Hungry Ghosts LP (Reliant, 1999)
• HTRK Marry Me Tonight LP

References[link]

External links[link]

• http://rowland-s-howard.com/
• http://www.burning-heart.net/
• Outta The Black & Into The Ether // A Rowland S. Howard Web Site
• Obituary: Hero to the Australian underground, The Sydney Morning Herald, page 12, 8 January 2010.
• Obituary on amoeba.com
• http://autoluminescent.com/
• Autoluminescent: Rowland S. Howard (2011) IMDB Page

Further reading / bibliography[link]

• Extensive archival information on www.burning-heart.net
• From Pop to Punk to Postmodernism: Popular Music and Australian Culture from the 1960s to the 1990s, (Edited by Philip Hayward).
• Bad Seed: A biography of Nick Cave, Ian Johnston (1995).
• NME
• Future Pop: Music for the Eighties, Peter Noble (1983)
• Stranded: The Secret History of Australian Independent Music 1977–1991, Clinton Walker.
• Incriminating Evidence, Lydia Lunch. Last Gasp Books.
• Nikki Sudden weblog.
• Nikki Sudden quote taken from Nikki Sudden weblog, 23 March 2006.
• Tape Delay: Confessions From The Eighties Underground, Charles Neal.
• Fast Forward, Tape Zine, Melbourne, edited by Bruce Milne