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Example from Germany 2007, 1.319 €/L=US$7.65/gal

The usage and pricing of gasoline or petrol results from factors such as crude oil prices, processing and distribution costs, local demand, the strength of local currencies, local taxation, and the availability of local sources of gasoline (supply). Since fuels are traded worldwide the trade prices are similar, the price paid by consumers largely reflects national pricing policy: some regions, such as Europe and Japan, impose high taxes on gasoline (petrol); others, such as Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, subsidize the cost.^[1] Western countries have among the highest usage rates per person. The largest consumer is the United States, which used an average of 386 million US gallons (1.46 gigalitres) each day in 2005.^[2]

Fuel prices in the United States[link]

U.S. petroleum consumption reached an estimated 18.87 million barrels per day in 2011, and is expected to increase to 18.96 million barrels per day in 2012. U.S. gasoline demand decreased to an average of 8.75 million barrels per day in 2011 (approximately 368 million gallons per day), or about 41 million fill-ups per day (based on a 9-gallon fill-up). Demand for 2012 is projected to continue to decline to 8.74 million barrels per day. Drivers in the United States traveled 8.105 billion miles per day in 2011, and are expected to travel 8.158 billion miles per day in 2012. This equates to an average of 33 miles per vehicle per day. On average, U.S. drivers consume 1.49 gallons of gasoline per day, or about 10.44 gallons per week.^[3]

Finished motor gasoline amounts to 44% of the total US consumption of petroleum products.^[4] This corresponds to 18.5 Exajoules per year. As of February 2012 the cost of crude oil accounted for 72% of the cost of a gallon of gasoline in the United State while refining accounted for just 12%. Taxes and distribution/marketing accounted for 11% and 5% respectively.^[5]

Crude oil is the greatest contributing factor when it comes to the price of gasoline. This is the case due to the resources it takes to remove it from the ground, transport, and refine it. OPEC or the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries has a great deal to do with the price of gasoline, both in the United States and around the world. The speculation of oil commodities can also affect the gasoline market.

Refining is the second major factor that contributes to gasoline prices. Oil refining is done by heating the oil, usually with steam, to extreme temperatures; different components of the oil will boil off at different temperatures. This produces various products including gasoline; however, only about 40 percent of the product is gasoline. To produce more gasoline refineries must chemically change some of the other products that were produced.

Taxes are the next biggest contributor to gasoline prices at around 12 percent. Both state and federal taxes apply to gasoline. In addition other taxes my be placed on gas including applicable state sales taxes, gross receipts taxes, oil inspection fees, underground storage tank fees and other miscellaneous environmental fees.

Distribution and marketing makes up the remaining 5 percent respectfully. The price of transporting crude oil to a refinery then gasoline to a point of distribution is passed on to the consumer. In addition the price to market the fuel brand is passed on.

Aside from this breakdown, many other factors affect gasoline prices. Demand is a huge one: when more people are on the road, typically in the summer months or during holidays, the price will increase. Extreme weather, war or natural disaster in areas where oil is produced can also in turn raise the price of a gallon of gasoline. Legislation by several states for cleaner burning fuel also affects certain areas' prices of gasoline.

In 2008, a report by Cambridge Energy Research Associates stated that 2007 had been the year of peak gasoline usage in the United States, and that record energy prices would cause an "enduring shift" in energy consumption practices.^[6] According to the report, in April fuel consumption had been lower than a year before for the sixth straight month, suggesting 2008 would be the first year US usage declined in 17 years. The total annual distance driven in the US began declining in 2006.^[7]

The average price in 2011 (as of September) was $3.56, the highest ever for a year, though Tom Kloza of the Oil Price Information Service predicted Americans would also buy the most gasoline ever — $490 billion worth. As of September 26, the average price of gasoline was $3.51, with California at $3.89 for the highest in the U.S., and Missouri at $3.21 for the lowest.^[8]

Petrol usage and pricing in Europe[link]

Gasoline and Diesel nominal price development 1994-2008 in Switzerland (CHF/l).

Most European countries have high fuel taxes. The prices have traditionally been three to four times the price in the United States, with prices during 2000-2005 of €1,00/litre^[9] (about US$1.42/l or $5.40/USgal) while the US had prices around $1.50/USgal or $0.40/l. After a large increase until the summer of 2008, the end of 2008 experienced a strong decline linked with a sharp economic downturn, with the average price of fuel in the U.S. at $1.87/USgal (December 2, 2008). However, the price of fuel in Europe is still more than double the US price at €1.85/litre.^[10] Russia and some neighboring countries have a much smaller tax, with fuel prices similar to the US.^{[citation needed]}

Countries with subsidised gasoline[link]

A number of countries subsidize the cost of petrol/gasoline and other petroleum products. Subsidies make transport of people and goods cheaper, but discourage fuel efficiency. In some countries, the soaring cost of crude oil since 2003 has led to these subsidies being cut, moving inflation from the government debt to the general populace, sometimes resulting in political unrest.

Fuel subsidies are common in oil-rich countries. Venezuela, which has vast oil reserves, maintains a price of Bs.F 0.097 per litre (around US$0.02), and has done so since 1998.^[11] Other countries with subsidized fuel include Saudi Arabia, Iran,Egypt, Burma, Malaysia, Kuwait, Trinidad and Tobago, Brunei and Bolivia. On February 2010, the Iranian government implemented an energy price reform by which the energy subsidies were to removed in five years. the most important price hike was in gasoline, as price went up from 100 rials ($0.10 US) to 400 rials ($0.40 US) with a ration of 100 liters per month for private passenger cars (later reduced to 60 liters per month). On December 26, 2010, the Bolivian government issued a decree removing subsidies which had fixed /petrol/gasoline and diesel prices for the past seven years. Arguing that illegal export (contraband) to neighboring countries was harming the economy, Bolivia eliminated the subsidies and raised gas prices as much as 83%. After widespread strikes, the Bolivian government canceled all planned price hikes.^[12]

Iran[link]

Iranian government introduced an energy price reform in February 2010. The reform was brought forward by the government and approved with some changes by the parliament. The major aim of the policy was to slow down the increasing trend of energy consumption in Iran by removing the energy subsidies. The plan included electricity, natural gas, gasoline, and diesel. According to the plan, all energy prices were to increase by 20 percent annually. The price reform was particularly important in gasoline, as the consumption had been increasing dramatically for the past years creating a huge burden on government budget. Furthermore, to meet demand, Iran had to import gasoline from other countries, which made the country vulnerable to possible sanctions by the U.S. and European countries. The gas price prior to reform was $0.10 US per liter with the quota of 100 liters per month per passenger car. The reform raised the price to $0.40 US per liter and later reduced the ration to 60 liters per month. The price for over-quota consumption and the imported cars were $0.70 US per liter. The energy price reform included a cash-rebate program through which each person received 450,000 rials ($45 US) per month from the government. The overall consumption of gasoline after the reform decreased from about 65 million liters per day to about 54 million liters per day.^[13]

Nigeria[link]

On 1 January 2012, the Nigerian Government tried to cease the subsidy on petrol and deregulate the oil prices by announcing the new price for petrol as USD 0.88/litre from the old subsidised price of USD 0.406/litre (LAGOS), which in areas distant from Lagos petrol was priced at USD 1.25/litre. This led to the longest general strike (8 days), riots, Arab spring like protests and on 16/1/2012 the government capitulated by announcing a new price of USD 0.60/litre with an envisaged price of USD 2.0/litre in distant areas. The situation is still fluid.^[14]

Indonesia[link]

In March 2005, Indonesia increased the price of gasoline and diesel by 29%, causing widespread protests. The price of gasoline was raised from Rp 1800 (US$0.20) per litre to Rp 2400 (US$0.25) per litre, while diesel rose from Rp 1650 (US$0.18) to Rp 2100 (US$0.23). Prices were increased again in October to Rp 4500 (US$0.48) a litre, an 87.5% rise, for gasoline, while diesel was increased to Rp 4300 (US$0.46), and kerosene, used for cooking, increased from Rp 700 (US$0.08) to Rp 2000 (US$0.22) per litre. The price increases came as oil prices threatened to increase the government's oil subsidy to US$14 billion per year, and caused further protests.

With oil reaching over US$145 a barrel, Indonesia further increased prices on May 24, 2008 to Rp 6000 (approx. US$0.65) per litre, and diesel to Rp 5500 (approx. US$0.60) per litre, while kerosene was raised to Rp 2500 (approx. US$0.28), moves which caused widespread protests.^[15] In addition, it was suggested that private car owners, who are wealthy in Indonesian terms, would eventually be excluded from subsidies entirely, with the cheap fuel limited to public transport and motorcycles.

People have been encouraged to switch to LPG for cooking, as Indonesia is the world's largest exporter, whereas its oil industry is in decline, and it is now a net importer.

Malaysia[link]

Malaysia spends US$14 billion subsidising gasoline, diesel and gas each year.^[16] Effective June 5, 2008 gasoline prices increased by 40% to RM2.70/litre (US$3.30 a gallon), from RM1.92/litre (US$2.32 a gallon). Diesel prices rose by RM1.00/litre to RM2.58 (US$3.04 per gallon), a 158% increase. It was announced that price increases were planned to bring fuel prices in line with global market cost, suggesting that it may hit US$3.80 per gallon by August. The Malaysian government has also announced a one-off cash rebate of RM625 per year to Malaysian citizens who own cars with an engine capacity of 3,000 cc or less and RM200 tax rebate to cars with an engine capacity of 3,000 cc and above to offset the increased costs.^[17] The government introduced a temporary ban on buying fuel within 50 km of the country border, but the ban was suspended following a price increase on June 7, 2008 for petrol of 41% (to MYR2.70 a litre) and for diesel of 63% (to MYR2.58).^[18]

On 22 June 2008 the Malaysian government announced plans to set up separate pumps at its border petrol stations to sell fuel to foreigners at market rates so that only locals can benefit from subsidised petrol. The new pumps will target Singaporeans and Thais who make day trips across the border to fill their tanks with cheaper fuel there, although Singapore-registered cars must have their tanks at least ¾ full before they will be permitted to leave Singapore in any case. Petrol stations within 50 km (31 mi) of the country's northern border with Thailand and southern border with Singapore would be affected.^[19] Recently, the fuel price has dropped until MYR 2.45 and it has dropped for the second time. A further reduction was made on November 1, 2008. RON97 petrol was reduced from RM2.30 a litre to RM2.15 a litre, RON92 petrol from RM2.20 a litre to RM2.05 a litre and diesel from RM2.20 a litre to RM2.05 a litre. The Government revealed that it had ceased subsidizing petrol as of 1 November 2008 when the price of oil dipped below US$65 per barrel. However subsidies were still being paid for diesel and natural gas.^[20]

On 18 November 2008 the Malaysian government made further reductions in the price of gasoline cut pump prices by seven per cent to RM2.00 ringgit per litre and diesel by 15 sen to RM1.90 per litre. The government said that at current prices they were making about 30 sen per litre in sales. Then again on December 3, petrol prices were reduce further. Gasoline prices were reduced 10 sen to RM 1.90 per litre and as for diesel, they were reduced 10 sen to RM 1.80 per litre.^[21] On 16 December 2008, the price of RON97 petrol is was reduced further to RM1.80, while RON92 is selling at RM1.70 a litre. The pump price of diesel was reduced to RM1.70 a litre.^[22]

From 1 September 2009 however, the price for RON97 increased to RM2.05, while RON92 has been discontinued and replaced with RON95, at a price of RM1.80.^[23] On 16 July 2010, petrol prices across the board was raised by 5 sen, which brought the prices of RON95, RON97 and diesel to RM1.85, RM2.10 and RM1.75 per litre respectively. Since then, RON97 floats with government controlled revision reflecting the global crude oil prices. As of 1 August 2010, only Malaysian-registered petrol vehicles may purchase RON95 fuel; foreign-registered vehicles (mainly from Singapore and Thailand) by law can only purchase RON97 (or diesel) at Malaysian service stations.

On 1 April 2011, RON97 increased from RM2.50 to RM2.70. In May 2011, RON97 further increased to RM2.90, another record high for RON97 in Malaysia. A drop of RM0.10 in June 2011 brings it to RM2.80 per litre, the first price reduction since RON97 was floated at market rates.

Mexico[link]

Mexican president Felipe Calderón has been subsidizing gasoline. This serves to quell inflationary pressures in Mexico. Mexico buys much of its gasoline and diesel from the United States and resells it at US$98 per barrel. Many residents of US border communities cross the border to buy fuel in Mexico,^[24] thereby enjoying a fuel subsidy at the expense of Mexican taxpayers. This has caused supply shortages for Mexican drivers, especially truck and bus drivers who use diesel.^[25]

Typical gasoline prices around the world[link]

See fuel tax for tax information by country.

The German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) has published a list of worldwide gasoline prices by country every year since 1991. The results for 2008 can be seen in this document. Two week updates for European countries can be consulted at the website of the Touring Club Switzerland.

Up to date prices for gasoline (unleaded) are available at http://www.mytravelcost.com/petrol-prices/

Country/Territory	US$/L (95 RON)	US$/US gallon (95 RON)	Local units	Date of price	Sources
Albania	1.577	5.97	ALL165/L (€1.18) (RON 95) ALL160/L (€1.14) (Diesel)	2011-08-13
Algeria	0.41	1.55	30DA/L 95 octane (rare down south) regular 23DA/L diesel DA14/L or US$0.2)	2010-11-7	[2]
Anguilla	1.45	5.49	EC$17.79/Imperial gallon (regular)	2011-05-19	[3]
Antigua and Barbuda	0.84	3.18	EC$9.95/Imperial gallon (regular) EC$10.95/Imperial gallon (diesel)	2009-02-12	[4]
Andorra	1.64	6.21	€1.142/L (95) €1.192/L (98) €1.032/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [5]
Argentina	0.92	3.48	ARS $3.25/L (95) ARS $3.55/L (98) ARS $3.05/L (diesel)	2010-01-13	[6]
Aruba	1.10	4.16	Fl. 1.93/L	2009-12-12	[7]
Australia	1.50	5.68	AU$1.436/L	2011-04-08	[8]
Austria (Wien)	1.95	7.38	€1.491/L (95) €1.633/L (98) €1.446/L (diesel) €0.991/Kg (CNG-Methane)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [9]
Azerbaijan	0.75	2.84	AZN 0.55/L (AI-92) AZN 0.60/L (AI-95) AZN 0.45/L (L-62 Diesel)	2010-11-14	[10]
Bahamas	1.24	4.69	US$4.70/US gallon (reg)	2011-03-13	[11]
Bahrain (Manama)	0.21	0.79	BHD 0.100/L (95 Octane) BHD 0.080/L (90 Octane)	2011-09-13	[12]
Barbados	1.59	6.02	Bd$3.17/L (reg) Bd$2.79/L (diesel)	2011-04-03	[13]
Belarus	1.07	4.1	Br3240/L (95) Br2580/L (Diesel)	2010-05-12	[14]
Belgium	2.23	8.44	€1.719/L (Eurosuper 95) €1.759/L (Super Plus 98) €1.538/L (Diesel) €0.713/L (LPG)	2012-05-08	[15]
Belize	1.40	5.30	BZ$10.18/US gallon (regular) BZ$10.59/US gallon (premium) BZ$10.24/US gallon (diesel)	2011-12-21	[16]
Bermuda	1.80	6.81	BMD1.80/L (Super) BMD1.60/L (Diesel)	2010-07-30	[17]
Bolivia	0.54	2.04	B3.74/L (super) B3.72/L (diesel)	2010-12-30	[18]
Bonaire	1.34	5.07	USD 1.34/L (super) USD 0.914/L (diesel)	2011-04-05	[19]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1.66	6.28	KM2.25/L (95) KM2.30/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [20]
Brazil	1.73	6.55	R$2.73/L	2012-03-04	[21]
British Virgin Islands	1.32	5.00	US$4.99/US gallon (reg)	2011-05-03	[22]
Brunei	0.39	1.48	BR$0.53/L	2008-06-05	Brunei Press Sdn Bhd [23]
Bulgaria	1.72	6.51	BGN 2.57/L (95) BGN 2.73/L (98) BGN 2.62/L (diesel)	2012-03-07	shofior.com [24]
Burma	1.06	4.01[26]	K3100/Imperial gallon (regular) K3300/Imperial gallon (diesel)	2008-11-21	[25]
Cambodia	0.63	2.38	KhR2800/L	2010-06-16
Canada	1.32	5.00	C$1.39/L	2012-04-25	[26]
Cape Verde	1.40	5.30	Esc103.7/L (gasoline) Esc83.4/L (diesel)	2009-03-23	[27]
Cayman Islands	1.03	3.90	KYD3.79/Imperial gallon (regular) KYD3.75/Imperial gallon (diesel)	2009-09-11	[28]
Chile	1.36	5.15	CLP 592/L	2010-12-23	[29]
China	1.06	4.01	RMB 6.46/L	2012-02-08	[30]
Colombia	1.09	4.13	COL$8000/US gallon (81 Octanos) COL$9595/US gallon (87 Octanos)	2010-11-30	[31]
Costa Rica	1.07	4.05	¢601/L (super) ¢506/L (diesel)	2009-10-01	[32]
Croatia	1.87	7.08	HRK 9.59/L (95) HRK 10.03/L (98) HRK 9.28/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [33]
Cuba	1.24	4.69	CUC1.15/L (95) CUC1.30/L (98) CUC1.10/L (diesel)	2011-03-02	http://www.havanatimes.org/?p=38808]
Curacao	1.13	4.28	ANG 2.0175/L (95 RON) ANG 1.466/L (Diesel)	2011-04-05	[34]
Cyprus	1.680	6.36	€1,282/L (95 RON) €1.333/L (98) €1,327/L (Diesel)	2012-02-16	[35]
Czech Rep	1.85	7.00	CZK 35.50/L (95) CZK 35.40/L (98) CZK 35.00/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [36]
Denmark	2.38	9.01	DKK 13.44/L (€1.81) (95) DKK 12.01/L (€1.62) (diesel)	2012-03-18	OK [37]
Dominica	1.08	4.09	EC$13.19/Imperial gallon (regular) EC$13.12/Imperial gallon (diesel)	2011-03-29	[38]
Dominican Republic	1.62	6.13	RD$234.5/US gallon (regular) RD$202.2/US gallon (diesel)	2011-07-23	[39]
Ecuador	0.44	1.67	US$1.68/US gallon (super)	2011-11-15	[40]
Egypt (Cairo)	0.45	1.70	LE1.75/L <90 octane LE1.85/L 92 octane LE1.1/L diesel ('solar')	2012-5-01	[41]
El Salvador	0.85	3.22	US$3.21/US gallon (regular) US$2.97/US gallon (diesel)	2009-12-21	[42]
Eritrea	2.13	8.06	N32/L(petrol) N12.6/L(diesel)	2009-06-01	[43]
Estonia	1.82	6.89	€1.354/L (95 RON) €1.394/L (98 RON) €1.389/L (diesel)	2012-02-24	http://www.viispluss.ee/
European Union (average prices)	2.05	7.76	€1.576/L (95 RON) €1.473/L (diesel) €0.99/Kg (CNG-Methane)	2012-05-08	[44] [45]
Finland	2.33	8.82	€1.601/L (98E RON) €1.364/L (Diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [46]
France	2.28	8.63	€1.585/L (95) €1.468/L (diesel) €1.226/Kg (CNG-Methane)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [47]
Germany	2.09	7.91	€1.65/L (Super E5, 95 RON) €1.69/L (SuperPlus E5, 98 RON) €1.61/L (Super E10, 95 RON) €1.47/L (Diesel)	2012-05-08	[48]
Greece	2.25	8.52	€1.720/L (unleaded) €1.580/L (diesel)	2012-03-13	tcs.ch [49] fuelprices.gr [50]
Grenada	1.23	4.66	EC$15.12/Imperial gallon (regular) EC$15.43/Imperial gallon (diesel)	2011-04-15	[51]
Guadeloupe	1.36	5.15	€1.07/L (95)	2009-02-03	[52]
Guatemala	0.64	2.42	Q19.99/US gallon(regular) Q16.79/US gallon(diesel)	2009-04-14	[53]
Guyana	1.08	4.09	G$215.6/L (regular) G$203.5/L (diesel)	2012-01-17	[54]
Haiti	0.89	3.37	G134/US gallon (95) G109/US gallon (diesel)	2009-01-01	[55]
Honduras	0.87	3.29	L62.15/US gallon (regular) L54.78/US gallon (diesel)	2009-09-06	[56]
Hong Kong	2.21	8.37	HK$18.09/L (Super Unleaded, RON98) HK$17.15/L (Unleaded, RON95) HK$12.26/L (Diesel)	2012-02-21	Shell Hong Kong/[57]
Hungary	2.14	8.10	HUF 415/L (95), HUF 440/L (diesel) HUF 350/L (E85) HUF 221/L (LPG)	2012-01-14	Holtankoljak [58]
Iceland	2.09	7.91	ISK 266/L (€1.57) (95) ISK 265/L (€1.57) (diesel)	2012-03-30	[59]
India - Mumbai	1.43	5.41	78.58/L (Petrol) 45.99/L (diesel) 400/14.5 kg (Domestic LPG)	2012-05-24
Indonesia	1.22	4.62	Rp 4500/L (subsidized)(RON 88) Rp 10200/L (RON 92) Rp 10300/L (RON 95) Rp 4500/L (subsidized)(Diesel)	2012-04-01	PT. Pertamina (Persero) [60]
Iran	0.655	2.48	7000 Rials/L petrol (4000 rationed) 3000 Rials/L diesel (1500 rationed)	2010-12-19	The Petroenergy Information Network Of Iran/[61]
Iraq	0.38	1.44	ID 450/L (95 Octane) ID 000/L (98 Octane) ID 400/L (Diesel)	2010-12-30	[62]<
Ireland	2.15	8.14	€1.490/L (Unleaded 95) €1.450/L (Diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [63]
Israel	2.2	8.33	NIS 8.15/L (95) NIS 7.8/L (diesel)	2011-05-1
Italy	2.47	9.35	€1.848/L (Eurosuper) €1.946/L (98 RON) €1.735/L (Diesel) €1.825/L (Special_Diesel) €0.879/L (LPG-autogas) €0.960/Kg (CNG-Methane) National average, does not include self-service discounts.	2012-3-29	[64]
Italy - Livigno (tax free)	1.53	5.79	€1.084/L (95 Octane) €0.963/L (Diesel)	2011-10-31	[65]
Jamaica	1.16	4.39	J$99.31/L (90) J$102.75/L (diesel)	2012-01-11	http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/Gas-prices-rise-again2012-01-11T12-39-51]
Japan	1.84	6.97	¥152.7/L	2011-04-25	The Oil Information Center Japan [66]
Jordan	0.99	3.75	D0.70/L (Unleaded 95) D0.51/L (Diesel)	2011-04-25
Kazakhstan	0.98	3.71	KZT145/L (unleaded 95) KZT106/L (unleaded 92)	2011-11-02
Kenya	1.16	4.4	Sh94/L (Super) Sh87/L (Diesel)	2010-12-19	[67]
Kuwait	0.224	0.85	KWD 0.060/L (91) KWD 0.065/L (95) KWD 0.090/L (98)	2010-06-30	KNPC (fixed prices) [68]
Latvia	1.80	6.81	LVL 0.887/L (95) LVL 0.902/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [69]
Liberia	1.07	4.05	L$280/US gallon	2009-09-11
Libya	0.17	0.64	LD 0.2/L (95), LD 0.15/L (diesel) Oct 2010: LD135 fuel tax at border for foreign vehicles	2010-11-07	[70]
Lithuania	1.92	7.27	LTL 4.60/L (95) LTL 4.74/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [71]
Luxembourg	1.83	6.93	EuroSuper 95 € 1.41/L SuperPlus 98 € 1.423/L Diesel € 1.272/L	2012-05-08	tcs.ch [72]
Macedonia	1.71	6.47	MKD 78.5/L (€1.28) (RON 98) MKD 77/L (€1.25) (RON 95) MKD 65.5/L (€1.07) (Diesel)	2011-09-02	tcs.ch [73]
Malaysia	0.61	2.31	MYR 2.80/L (RON97) MYR 1.90/L (RON95) MYR 3.20/L (VPR) MYR 1.75/L (Diesel)	2011-06-16	[74] [75]
Malta	1.61	6.1	€1.43/L (Super) €1.33/L (Diesel)	2011-08-07	[76]
Martinique	1.36	5.15	€1.07/L (95)	2009-02-03	[77]
Mauritania	0.94	3.6	UM265/L petrol UM225/L diesel Prices 10-20% more up north	2010-11-7	[78]
Mexico (Mexico City)	0.77	2.91	MX$10.09/L(Magna 87) MX$10.78/L(Premium 92)	2012-04-14	Pemex [79]
Moldova	1.32	5.00	MDL 15.78/L (95) MDL 15.07/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [80]
Monaco	1.87	7.08	€1.30/L(95) €1.39/L(98) €1.11/L(diesel)	2009-12-26	[81]
Montenegro	1.93	7.31	€1.340/L (95) €1.300/L (Diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [82]
Montserrat	1.40	5.30	EC$17.19/Imperial gallon (regular)	2011-05-04	[83]
Morocco	1.19	4.5	MAD 10.65/L (€0.97) (95) MAD 7.65/L (€0.69) (Diesel)	2010-04-18
Mozambique	0.77	2.91	MTn 23.1/L (regular) MTn 22.45/L (diesel)	2009-11-17	[84]
Netherlands	2.47	9.35	€1.884/L (Euro95) €1.509/L (Diesel) €1.954/L (Superplus)	2012-04-10	[85]
New Zealand	1.68	6.36	NZ$2.069/L (91 octane) NZ$2.149/L (95 octane) NZ$1.519/L (diesel)	2011-11-16	[86]/[87]
Nicaragua	0.96	3.63	C$19.98/L (premium) C$17.26/L (diesel)	2009-08-24	[88]
Nigeria (Lagos)	0.87	3.29	N141/L	2012-01-01	[89]
North Korea	0.77	2.91	KP? 111/L	2009-12-26	[90], estimated
Norway	2.62	9.92	NOK 14.89/L (95) NOK 13.52/L (Diesel)	2012-03-13	tcs.ch [91]
Oman	0.31	1.17	0.12 Rials/L	2010-08-01 (95 Octane)	[92]
Pakistan	1.14	4.32	PKR 103.36/L (Unleaded Premium) PKR 135.81/L (Unleaded-Hi Octane) PKR 107.00/L (Diesel)	2012-05-18	Pakistan State Oil [93]
Palestine (West Bank)	2.04	7.72	NIS 6.95/L (95/diesel)	2011-10-01
Panama	0.83	3.14	US$3.35/US gallon (95) US$2.99/US gallon (diesel)	2009-06-04	[94]
Peru (Lima)	0.95	3.60	PEN S/.10.33/US gallon (95 Octane) S/.8.46/US gallon (diesel)	2009-12-26	PSO/[95]
Philippines (Manila)	1.32	5.00	P 55.95/L	2011-09-09	Shell Philippines [96]
Poland	1.81	6.85	PLN 5.59/L (95) PLN 5.67/L (diesel)	2012-02-03	tcs.ch [97]
Portugal	2.16	8.18	€1.617/L (95) €1.730/L (98) €1.421/L (Diesel)	2011-07-21	maisgasolina.com [98]
Portugal - Azores (tax free)	1.97	7.46	€1.370/L (95 Octane) €1.430/L (98 Octane) €1.190/L (Diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [99]
Portugal - Madeira (tax free)	2.09	7.91	€1.454/L (95 Octane) €1.594/L (98 Octane) €1.312/L (Diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [100]
Puerto Rico	0.96	3.63	$0.957/L (95) $0.987/L (98) $0.997/L (Diesel)	2011-04-08	http://blogs.wwlp.com/2011/04/08/puerto-rico-gas-prices-no-reason-for-outrage/]
Qatar (Doha)	0.22	0.83	QAR 1.00/L (97 Octane) QAR 0.85/L (90 Octane)	2011-01-22	[101] / The General Secretariat for Development Planning - State of Qatar
Romania (Bucharest)	1.76	6.66	RON 5.76/L (95) RON 5.91/L (diesel)	2012-02-23	tcs.ch [102]
Russia (Moscow)	0.94	3.56	RUR 30.29/L (RON 98) RUR 27.29/L (RON 95) RUR 25.89/L (RON 92) RUR 23.49/L (RON 80) RUR 25.29/L (Winter diesel)	2011-02-24
Russia (Kaliningrad)	0.91	3.44	RUR 25.3/L (diesel)	2011-07-15	[103]
Saudi Arabia (Riyadh, Jeddah)	0.13	0.49	SAR 0.45/L (91 Octane) SAR 0.60/L (95 Octane)	2011-09-13	[104] (fixed prices)
Serbia	1.99	7.53	EuroPremium RON 95 RSD 135.9/L (€1.40/L) EuroSuper RON 98 RSD 148.9/L (€1.54/L) EuroDiesel RSD 134.9/L (€1.39)	2011-05-27
Sierra Leone	1.05	3.97	Le4500/L	2011-05-27	[27]
Singapore	1.67	6.32	S$2.50/L (RON 98) S$2.16/L (RON 95) S$2.10/L (RON 92) S$2.00/L (Diesel)	2011-06-21	Singapore Petroleum Company [105]
Slovakia	1.98	7.50	€1.490/L (95 Natural) €1.429/L (Diesel) €0.695/L (LPG)	2012-01-23	AAIreland.ie [106]
Slovenia	1.88	7.12	€1.412/L (95 Octane) €1.428/L (100 Octane) €1.302/L (Diesel)	2012-02-09	tcs.ch [107]
South Africa	1.53	5.79	R12.05/L	2012-05-07
South Korea	1.81	6.85	KRW 2,043.61/L	2012-03-31	[108]
Spain	1.78	6.74	€1.33/L (95 RON) €1.29/L (Diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [109]
Spain - Canary Islands (tax free)	1.43	5.41	€0.99/L (95 RON) €0.91/L (Diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [110]
Sri Lanka	1.46	5.53	LKR 167/L (95 Octane) LKR 149/L (90 Octane) LKR 115/L (Diesel)	2012-02-12	[28][29]
St Kitts and Nevis	1.40	5.30	EC$17.20/Imperial gallon (regular)	2011-05-04	[111]
St Lucia	1.00	3.79	EC$2.70/L (regular) EC$2.66/L (diesel)	2009-11-25	[112]
St Vincent and the Grenadines	1.11	4.20	EC$13.60/Imperial gallon (regular)	2011-05-19	[113]
Suriname	1.55	5.87	SR$5/L	2011-08-15	[114]
Sweden	2.35	8.90	SEK 15.53/L (95), SEK 15.24/L (diesel)	2012-03-13	tcs.ch [115]
Switzerland	2.09	7.91	CHF 1.81/L (Bleifrei 95) CHF 1.87/L (Super Plus 98) CHF 1.94/L (diesel)	2011-04-06	tcs.ch [116]
Switzerland - Samnaun (tax free)	1.68	6.36	CHF 1.50/L (RON 95) CHF 1.49/L (€1.05/L) (Diesel)	2011-04-14	Service station [117]
Syria	0.8333	3.15	SY 50 pound/L (unleaded) SY 15 pound/L (Diesel)	2012-01-03
Taiwan	1.2034	4.56	NT$34.0/L (92 unleaded) NT$35.5/L (95 unleaded) NT$37.5/L (98 unleaded)	2012-04-02	[118]
Togo	1.22	4.62	CFA567/L (regular) CFA599/L (diesel)	2011-06-06	[119]
Thailand	1.76	6.66	฿55.39 (RON 95) ฿51.69/L (RON 91) ฿32.19/L (Diesel)	2011-08-31	Shell Thailand [120]
Trinidad and Tobago	0.64	2.42	TT$2.70/L (92) TT$4/L (95) TT$1.50/L (diesel)	2011-12-01	[121]
Tunisia	0.99	3.75	TND 1.27/L (€0.67) (95 RON) TND 0.91/L (€0.48) (Diesel)	2009-09-24	[122]
Turks and Caicos	1.46	5.53	US$5.529/US gallon (super) US$5.469/US gallon (diesel)	2011-04-21	[123]
Turkey	2.67	10.11	TL 4.76/L (95 RON) TL 4/L (Diesel)	2012-04-01	[124]
Turkmenistan	0.19	0.72	TMM 2700/L	2011-09-13	[125]
UAE	0.498	1.89	AED 1.72/L (95 Octane) AED 1.83/L (98 Octane) AED 2.60/L (Diesel)	2011-12-31	[126] [127]
Ukraine	1.24	4.69	UAH 9.90/L (95 Octane) UAH 9.50/L (diesel)	2011-04-19	tcs.ch [128]
United Kingdom	2.37	8.97	£1.41/L (Unleaded) £1.49/L (Super) £1.48/L (Diesel)	2012-04-01	Petrolprices.com [129]
United States	1.03	3.90	$3.66/US gallon $3.89/US gallon (diesel)	2012-05-29	[130]
Uruguay (Montevideo)	1.52	5.75	U$ 29.7/L	2009-12-26	[131]
Uzbekistan	1.07	4.05	UZ SUM 1755/L (95)	2011-01-01	[132]
Venezuela	0.023 (95) 0.016 (91) 0.011 (diesel)	0.085 (95) 0.062 (91) 0.042 (diesel)	BsF. 0.097/L (95) BsF. 0.070/L (91) BsF. 0.048/L (diesel)	2010-12-12	[133] (fixed prices) (at "non-essential" exch. rate)
Vietnam	1.11	4.20	VND 23,400/L (RON 95) VND 22,900/L (RON 92) VND 21,400/L (Diesel)	2012-03-07	Petrolimex [134]
Vietnam (Phu Quoc/TS)	1.18	4.47	Ł2,544,251/VND 24,998 (RON 95) Ł2,331,470/VND 22,908 (RON 91) Ł1,955,766/VND 19,216 (Diesel)
Yemen	0.73	2.76	150 Rials/L (diesel)	2009-09-09	[135]
Zambia	1.61	6.09	ZK7639/L (Gasoline)	2010-09-24	[136]

Protests[link]

India[link]

Wide protests on petrol price hikes have been frequent in the last 4-5 years. On 24th May 2012, the petrol price was hiked by 7.50, resulting prices in the range of 73 - 82 all over the country.^[30] Opposition had declared a bandh on 31 May 2012 across the country to protest against the price hike,^[31] which evoked evoked mixed response, amid incidents of stone pelting, arson and road blockades in some parts of the country.^[32][33]

Brazil[link]

The gas price reached 3 reais and over and some states, from April to May people made a creative kind of protest, they put only 0,50 cent of reais and asked for a quality test, and fiscal note. Gas prices (petrol) have risen since the 2000s from about 1,90 R$ in 2000 to 2,70 R$ in 2011.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Global Fuel Price Comparison UK petrol prices compared to other countries showing contributing factors.
• Who is in the Oil Futures Market and How Has It Changed?, by Rice University's Baker Institute For Public Policy
• FAQs about gas prices at FuelEconomy.gov by the U.S. Dept. of Energy
• Factors affecting gas prices (U.S. Dept. of Energy)
• [137]
• Gas Prices Around the World Interactive Gas Prices Around the World Conde Nast Portfolio
• Understanding Gasoline Prices - 2005 report from the United States Government Accountability Office
• AAA's Daily Fuel Gauge Report
• US EIA Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Report
• GTZ International Fuel Prices 2009
• Gasoline Prices Brazil
• EU Fuel Prices Fuel prices in EU countries. Fuel prices with and without taxes & duties.
• Current Gas Prices in the U.S.
• Current Gas Prices Germany, EU, International
• 2012 NACS Retail Fuels Report

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Bruce John Bullock (born May 9, 1949 in Toronto, Ontario) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who spent parts of three seasons in the National Hockey League in the 1970s with the Vancouver Canucks.

Playing for Clarkson University, Bullock was one of the most decorated college goaltenders of his era. He was named to the NCAA First All-American Team in goal in 1970 and 1971 (succeeding Hall of Famer Ken Dryden, who took the honour from 1967–69), and was named ECAC Player of the Year in 1971. He also led Clarkson to the 1970 NCAA title game, where they lost to Cornell University.

Following his college career, Bullock was signed by the Chicago Blackhawks. However, after only a few months in the Hawks' system, he was sold to the Vancouver Canucks as additional goaltending depth for their system. He would catch a break in 1972–73, when an injury to Canuck starter Dunc Wilson forced his recall from the minors. He would appear in 13 games for Vancouver, posting a 3–8–3 record with a 4.79 GAA.

Bullock would spend another four seasons in Vancouver's organization, but would never see substantial NHL action again. He made one start for the club in the 1974–75 campaign, and another appearance in 1976–77. He was ultimately released by the team in 1977 to make room in the system for high draft picks Glen Hanlon and Murray Bannerman, and played two more seasons in low minor pro before retiring in 1979.

In 16 NHL appearances, Bullock posted a 3–9–3 record with a 4.79 GAA.

External links[link]

• Bruce Bullock's career stats at The Internet Hockey Database
• Bruce Bullock's biography at Legends of Hockey