Sutlej Valley from Rampur ca. 1857

Sutlej River is tributary to Indus River

The Sutlej River (alternatively spelled as Satluj River) (Punjabi: ਸਤਲੁਜ, Sanskrit: शुतुद्रि, Śutudri, Urdu: ستلج, and Hindi: सतलज) is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroad region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan. It is located north of the Vindhya Range, south of the Hindu Kush segment of the Himalayas, and east of the Central Sulaiman Range in Pakistan.

The Sutlej is sometimes known as the Red River. It is the easternmost tributary of the Indus River. Its source is from Lowangko Co, Tibet near Lake Rakshastal in Tibet, China, near Mount Kailas, and it flows generally west and southwest entering India through the Shipki La pass in Himachal Pradesh. In Pakistan, it waters the ancient and historical former Bahawalpur state. The region to its south and east is arid, and is known as Cholistan a part of Bahawalpur Division. The Sutlej is joined by the Beas River in Hari-Ke-Patan, Amritsar, Punjāb, India, and continues southwest into Pakistan to unite with the Chenab River, forming the Panjnad River near Bahawalpur. The Panjnad joins the Indus River at Mithankot. Indus then flows through a gorge near Sukkur, flows through the fertile plains region of Sindh, forming large delta region between border of Gujarat, India & Pakistan and finally terminates in the Arabian Sea near the port city of Karachi in Pakistan.

The waters of the Sutlej are allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan, and are mostly diverted to irrigation canals in India.^{[1][dead link]} There are several major hydroelectric projects on the Sutlej, for example, the 1,000 MW Bhakra Dam, the 1,000 MW Karcham-Wangtoo and the 1,530 MW Nathpa Jhakri Hydroelectric Dam.^[2] There has been a proposal to build a 214-kilometre (133 mi) long heavy freight canal, known as the Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL),^[3] in India to connect the Sutlej and Yamuna rivers. However, the proposal met obstacles and was referred to the Supreme Court.

The Sutlej was known as Śutudri in the Vedic period.

History[link]

The Upper Sutlej Valley was once known as the Garuda Valley by the Zhang Zhung, the ancient civilization of western Tibet. The Garuda Valley was the centre of their empire which stretched many many miles into the nearby Himalayas. The Zhang Zhung built a towering palace in the Upper Sutlej Valley called Kyunglung, the ruins of which still exist today nearby to the village of Moincer, southwest of Mount Kailash (Mount Ti-se) Eventually the Zhang Zhung were conquered by the Tibetan Empire.

Today, the Sutlej Valley is inhabited by nomadic descendants of the Zhang Zhung who live in tiny villages of as yak herders.

Geology of the Sutlej[link]

The Sutlej, along with all of the Punjab rivers, is thought to have drained east into the Ganges prior to 5 mya.^[4]

There is substantial geologic evidence to indicate that prior to 1700 BC at the latest, Sutlej was an important tributary of the Ghaggar-Hakra River (possibly through the Saraswati river) rather than the Indus with various authors putting the redirection from 2500-2000 BC.^[5][6] or 5000-3000 BC^[7] Geologists believe that tectonic activity created elevation changes which redirected the flow of Sutlej from the southeast to the southwest.^{[citation needed]} The mighty Saraswati then began to dry up, causing desertification of Cholistan and the eastern part of the modern state of Sindh. The desertification resulted in abandonment of numerous ancient human settlements along the banks of Saraswati.^{[citation needed]}

There is some evidence that the high rate of erosion caused by the modern Sutlej River has influenced the local faulting and rapidly exhumed rocks above Rampur.^[8] This would be similar to, but on a much smaller scale then, the exhumation of rocks by the Indus River in Nanga Parbat, Pakistan. The Sutlej river also exposes a doubled inverted metamorphic gradient.^[9]

The source of the Sutlej is just west of Mt. Kailash in western Tibet. This is a roadless area, and was first explored by kayak and raft by Russian and German teams in 2004.^[10]

The largest modern industrial city along the Sutlej banks is Ludhiana.

Gallery[link]

• 

  Using inflated animal skins to cross the Sutlej River, c. 1905

• 

  Sutlej River in Kinnaur Valley, Himachal Pradesh

• 

  Cattle grazing on the banks of the river in Ropar, Punjab

See also[link]

• List of rivers of India

References[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sutlej River

v t e Hydrography of India Inland Beas Betwa Brahmaputra Chambal Chenab Chilika Lake Dal Lake Damodar Ganges Ganges Basin Ganges Delta Ghaghara Godavari Indus Indus Delta Jhelum Kali Kaveri Kerala backwaters Koshi Krishna Luni Mahanadi Malampuzha Narmada Nizam Sagar Padma Pookode Lake Powai Lake Ravi Red Hills Lake Roopkund (Skeleton Lake) Sapt Koshi Sarasvati Sharda Son Sutlej Tapti Vaigai Yamuna Coastal Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal Gulf of Khambhat Gulf of Kutch Gulf of Mannar Indian Ocean Laccadive Sea Palk Strait Categories Lakes of India Reservoirs and dams in India Rivers of India

v t e The five rivers of the Punjab Punjabi names Jhelum Ravi Chenab Beas Satluj Greek names Hydaspes Hydraotes Acesines Hyphasis Hesidros Sanskrit names Vitasta Parushani Ashikini Vipasa Shatadru

v t e Geography of Himachal Pradesh Lakes Renuka Lake Maharana Pratap Sagar Gobind Sagar more... Rivers Beas Chenab Ravi Sutlej Yamuna Districts Bilaspur Chamba Hamirpur Kangra Kinnaur Kullu Lahaul and Spiti Mandi Sirmaur Shimla Solan Una Other Climate of Himachal Pradesh Protected areas of Himachal Pradesh List of peaks in Himachal Pradesh

Coordinates: 29°23′N 71°02′E / 29.383°N 71.033°E / 29.383; 71.033

Hansraj Behl (born 19 November 1916–1984) was an Indian music composer, who composed music for Hindi and Punjabi films.^[1]

Early life and education[link]

Born in Ambala, Punjab, Hansraj received his early education in music from Pandit Chunnilal.

Career[link]

He opened a music school in Lahore and released a few non-film records through His Master's Voice (HMV). Hansraj travelled to Bombay in 1944 to pursue a career as a music director in Hindi film industry, though he managed to made his debut as a composer with Pujari, (1946), directed by Ardeshir Irani.^[2] Noted playback singer, Asha Bhosle made her Hindi film debut when she sang the song Saawan aaya for Hansraj Behl's film Chunariya (1948).^[3]

In 1964 he gave music for hit Punjabi film by Padam Prakash Maheshwary titled "Satluj de Kande", starring Balraj Sahni, Nishi, Wasti, and Mirza Musharraf. The patriotic hit, Jahan Daal Daal Pe Sone Ki Chidiya Karti Hai Basera..'sung by Mohammed Rafi in the film Sikandar-e-Aazam (1965), starring Prithviraj Kapoor was one of his last memorable number.^[2]

Filmography[link]

• Pujari (1946)
• Shaan (1950)
• Chunariya (1948)
• Khiladi (1950)
• Khamosh Sipahi (1950)
• Rajput (1951)
• Moti Mahal (1952)
• Apni Izzat (1952)
• Lal Pari (1954)
• Dost (1954)
• Mast Qalandar (1955)
• Rajdhani (1956)
• Changez Khan (1957)
• Milan (1958)
• Bhangra (1959)
• Do Lachhian (1959)
• Mud Mud Ke Na Dekh (1960)
• Sikandar E Azam (1965)
• Rustom-E-Hind (1965)
• Do Aankhen (1974)
• Jatt Punjabi (1979)
• Kunwara Mama (1979)
• Jatt Da Gandasa (1982)
• Insaaf Ka Khoon (1991) ^[4]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Hansraj Behl at the Internet Movie Database
• Hansraj Behl songs

v t e Bollywood (Hindi cinema) Directors · Actors · Playback singers · Music Directors · Songs · Bibliography Hindi films A–Z—Highest-grossing Films by year: 1930s · 1940 · 1941 · 1942 · 1943 · 1944 · 1945 · 1946 · 1947 · 1948 · 1949 · 1950 · 1951 · 1952 · 1953 · 1954 · 1955 · 1956 · 1957 · 1958 · 1959 · 1960 · 1961 · 1962 · 1963 · 1964 · 1965 · 1966 · 1967 · 1968 · 1969 · 1970 · 1971 · 1972 · 1973 · 1974 · 1975 · 1976 · 1977 · 1978 · 1979 · 1980 · 1981 · 1982 · 1983 · 1984 · 1985 · 1986 · 1987 · 1988 · 1989 · 1990 · 1991 · 1992 · 1993 · 1994 · 1995 · 1996 · 1997 · 1998 · 1999 · 2000 · 2001 · 2002 · 2003 · 2004 · 2005 · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009 · 2010 · 2011 · 2012

Suman Kalyanpur aka Suman Hemadey is an Indian singer. She was born on January 28, 1937 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, (which was then a part of India under British Raj), her maiden name being Hemmady. In 1943, her family moved to Mumbai (then Bombay), where she received her musical training.^[1] She married Ramanand S. Kalyanpur.

Suman Hemmadey's (later Suman Kalyanpur) first film song was a duet with Talat Mahmood in Darwaza (1954). Talat Mahmood heard Kalyanpur singing in a musical concert and was highly impressed by her singing. A rank newcomer, her career hit the big league when Talat agreed to sing the duet with her, making the film industry sit up and take notice of her.

She sang for the movie, Mangu (1954), Koi Pukare Dheere Se Tujhe. Kalyanpur provided playback singing for Miyan Bibi Razi (1960), Baat Ek Raat Ki (1962), Dil Ek Mandir (1963), Dil Hi To Hai (1963), Shagoon (1964), Jahan Ara (1964), Sanjh Aur Sawera (1964), Noor Jahan (1967), Saathi (1968) and Pakeezah (1971). She sang for composers Shankar Jaikishan, Roshan, Madan Mohan, S. D. Burman, Hemant Kumar, Chitragupta, Naushad, S. N. Tripathi, Ghulam Mohammed, Kalyanji Anandji and Laxmikant-Pyarelal singing the most songs for the first two in the list. She has sung over 740 movie and non-movie songs.

Some of Kalyanpur's popular songs include "Na Tum Hamen Jano" (Baat Ek Raat Ki), "Chhodo, Chhodo Mori Baiyann" (Miya Biwi Razi), "Dil Gham Se Jal Raha" (Shama), "Yun Hi Dil Ne Chaha Tha" (Dil Hi To Hai), "Bujha Diye Hain" (Shagoon), "Mere Sang Ga" (Janwar), "Mere Mehboob Na Ja" (Noor Mahal), "Tum Agar Aa Sako To"' & "Zindagi Doob Gai Dard Ke Toofano Mein" (Ek Sal Pehle), "Jo Ham Pe Guzarti Hai" (Mohabbat Isko Kehten Hain), "Sharabi Sharabi Yeh Sawan Ka Mausam" (Noor Jehan) and "Behena Ne Bhai Ki Kalai Main" (Resham Ki Dori), for which she was nominated for the Filmfare Best Female Playback Award in 1975. One of her most famous songs, "Aajkal Tere Mere Pyaar Ke Charche" from Brahmachari is usually thought to be sung by Lata Mangeshkar but it was in fact sung by her. (The confusion results from the fact that the quality of her voice is similar to Lata Mangeshkar's at times).

Kalyanpur sang with Lata Mangeshkar the duet "Kabhi Aaj, Kabhi Kal, Kabhi Parson" under the direction of composer Hemant Kumar. She recorded some popular duets with male singers Mohammed Rafi, Manna Dey, Mukesh, Talat Mahmood, and Hemant Kumar. Some of her memorable duets with Rafi are "Parbaton Ke Pedon Par Shaam Ka Basera He", "Ajahuna Aye Balama", "Tumane Pukara Aur Hum Chale Aye", "Bad Muddat Ke Yeh Ghadi Ayee", "Mujhhe Yeh Bhool Na", "Tujhko Dilbari Ki Kasam" and "Chand Takata Hai Idhar". With Manna Dey, she sang the popular duet "Na Jane Kahan Ham The" under the music direction of Dattaram.

Kalyanpur also recorded some memorable songs with a classical base, including "Manamohan Man Mein Ho Tumhi", "Mere Sang Gā Gunguna" and "Gir Gayi Re More Mathe Ki Bindiya". She received three times the prestigious "Sur Sringar Samsad" award for the best classical song in a Hindi movie.

Besides Hindi, she has recorded in many other languages which include Marathi, Assamese, Gujarati, Kannada, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani, Bengali, Oriya, and Punjabi. Her recordings include devotional songs, ghazals and thumris.

In Marathi, Kalyanpur recorded for composers Sudhir Phadke, Dashrath Pujari and Ashok Patki. Some of her well-known Marathi songs are "Rimjhhim Jharate Shrāwan Dhara", "Shabda Shabda Japun Thhewa", "Re Kshanachya Sangateene", "Keshava Madhava", "Omkar Pradhan Roop Ganeshache", "Jethe Sagara Dharanee Milate", "Bhaktichya Phulancha Goad To Suwas", "Navika Re Vara Vahe Re", "Ketakichya Banee Tethe Nachala Ga Mora", "Yaa Laadkya Mulano".

Recently in Jan 2010 she has been awarded with prestigious Lata Mangeshkar Award by Government of Maharashtra.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Suman Kalyanpur at the Internet Movie Database
• Suman Kalyanpur: voice of sweetness
• Portrait at Kamat's Potpourri
• Career Woman
• Non comprehensive list of Suman's songs List 1 , List 2

Ali Shah

Personal information
Batting style	Left-hand bat
Bowling style	Right-arm medium
Career statistics
Competition	Tests	ODIs
Matches	3	28
Runs scored	122	437
Batting average	24.39	16.80
100s/50s	0/1	0/1
Top score	62	60*
Balls bowled	186	1077
Wickets	1	18
Bowling average	125.00	45.11
5 wickets in innings	0	0
10 wickets in match	0	n/a
Best bowling	1/46	3/33
Catches/stumpings	0/-	6/-
Source: Cricinfo, 11 February 2006

Ali Hassimshah Omarshah, (known as Ali Shah, born August 7, 1959 in Salisbury - now Harare) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer who played in 3 Tests and 28 ODIs from 1993 to 1996. Ali is currently living in Harare with his wife Aisha Omarshah, son Zain Omarhshah and daughter Fariyah Omarshah. He is currently in business trading in various commodities from around the world.

v t e Zimbabwe squad – 1983 Cricket World Cup 1 Fletcher (c) 2 Brown 3 Butchart 4 Curran 5 Heron 6 Hick 7 Hogg 8 Houghton (wk) 9 Paterson 10 Peckover 11 Pycroft 12 Rawson 13 Shah 14 Traicos

v t e Zimbabwe squad – 1987 Cricket World Cup 1 Traicos (c) 2 Arnott 3 Brandes 4 Brown 5 Butchart 6 Curran 7 Houghton (wk) 8 Jarvis 9 Meman 10 Paterson 11 Pycroft 12 Rawson 13 Shah 14 Waller

v t e Zimbabwe squad – 1992 Cricket World Cup 1 Houghton (c) 2 Arnott 3 Brandes 4 Burmester 5 Butchart 6 Campbell 7 Duers 8 A Flower (wk) 9 James 10 Jarvis 11 Pycroft 12 Shah 13 Traicos 14 Waller

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