6:30
Historical map of middle east
Historical map of middle east from 3000 BC to modern times. There is mistake in the first ...
published: 27 Oct 2013
Historical map of middle east
Historical map of middle east
Historical map of middle east from 3000 BC to modern times. There is mistake in the first seljuk slide it should say they destroyed buyids and took most of ghaznavid territories.- published: 27 Oct 2013
- views: 29
7:10
Chapter 7.1 Vocabulary - Buyids, Seljuk Turks, and Crusades!
A quick look at new Muslim conquerors in the middle east, and a rather longish look at the...
published: 15 Oct 2013
Chapter 7.1 Vocabulary - Buyids, Seljuk Turks, and Crusades!
Chapter 7.1 Vocabulary - Buyids, Seljuk Turks, and Crusades!
A quick look at new Muslim conquerors in the middle east, and a rather longish look at the crusades.- published: 15 Oct 2013
- views: 20
7:02
katexaki-imitou attiki odos IS.
katexaki-imitou attiki odos....
published: 01 Mar 2012
author: autoteleia
katexaki-imitou attiki odos IS.
katexaki-imitou attiki odos IS.
katexaki-imitou attiki odos.- published: 01 Mar 2012
- views: 42
- author: autoteleia
7:08
Mercedes Benz W123 280E 1986 Armen Driving XVIII Nite Drive part 2
Payakumbuh in the night....
published: 05 Sep 2012
author: Muharmen Armen
Mercedes Benz W123 280E 1986 Armen Driving XVIII Nite Drive part 2
Mercedes Benz W123 280E 1986 Armen Driving XVIII Nite Drive part 2
Payakumbuh in the night.- published: 05 Sep 2012
- author: Muharmen Armen
30:59
The Feared Turkish Mamluk Warriors
The most enduring Mamluk realm was the military caste in medieval Egypt that rose from the...
published: 29 Dec 2013
The Feared Turkish Mamluk Warriors
The Feared Turkish Mamluk Warriors
The most enduring Mamluk realm was the military caste in medieval Egypt that rose from the ranks of slave soldiers who were mainly of Kipchak Turk, Circassian and Georgian origin, although in the Burji (post-1389) Mamluk sultanate many Mamluks could also be of Balkan origin (Albanian, Greek, South Slavic). The "mamluk phenomenon", as David Ayalon dubbed the creation of the specific warrior class, was of great political importance and was extraordinarily long-lived, lasting from the 9th to the 19th century AD. Over time, mamluks became a powerful military caste in various Muslim societies. Particularly in Egypt, but also in the Levant, Mesopotamia, and India, mamluks held political and military power. In some cases, they attained the rank of sultan, while in others they held regional power as amirs or beys. Most notably, mamluk factions seized the sultanate for themselves in Egypt and Syria in a period known as the Mamluk Sultanate (1250--1517). The Mamluk Sultanate famously beat back the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut and fought the Crusaders, effectively driving them out from the Levant by 1291 and officially in 1302 ending the era of the Crusades. While mamluks were purchased, their status was above ordinary slaves, who were not allowed to carry weapons or perform certain tasks. In places such as Egypt from the Ayyubid dynasty to the time of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, mamluks were considered to be "true lords", with social status above freeborn Muslims The origins of the Mamluk system are disputed. Everybody agrees that the story of an entrenched military caste like the mamluks in Islamic societies begins with the Abbasid caliphs of the 9th century Baghdad. The question is more precisely when in the 9th century. The dominant narrative up to the 1990s was that the earliest mamluks were known as ghilman (another term for slaves, broadly synonymous) and were bought by the Abbasid caliphs, especially al-Mu'tasim (833-842). By the end of the 9th century, these slaves had become the dominant element in the military. Conflict between these ghilman and the population of Baghdad prompted the caliph al-Mu'tasim to move his capital to the city of Samarra, but this did not succeed in calming tensions; the caliph al-Mutawakkil was assassinated by some of these slave-soldiers in 861 (see Anarchy at Samarra). A more recent interpretation would distinguish between a ghilman system, in Samarra, without training and relying on pre-existing Central Asian hierarchies, mixing adult slaves and freemen, and a later creation of an actual mamluk system, with the systematic training of young slaves, after the return of the caliphate to Baghdad in the 870's ). The mamluk system would have been a small-scale experiment of al-Muwaffaq, combining the efficiency of the steppic warriors with improved reliability. This recent interpretation seems to have been accepted ). The use of mamluk soldiers gave rulers troops who had no link to any established power structure. Local non-mamluk warriors were often more loyal to their tribal sheikhs, their families, or nobles than to the sultan or caliph. If a commander conspired against the ruler, it was often not possible to deal with the conspiracy without causing unrest among the nobility. The mamluk slave-troops were foreigners of the lowest possible status who could not conspire against the ruler and who could easily be punished if they caused trouble, making them a great military asset. After the fragmentation of the Abbasid Empire, military slaves, known as either mamluks or Ghilman, became the basis of military power throughout the Islamic world. The Fatimids of Egypt bought Armenian, Turkic and Sudanese slaves, who formed the bulk of their military and often their administration. The powerful vizier Badr al-Jamali, for example, was a mamluk of Armenian origin. In Iran and Iraq, the Buyids used Turkic slaves throughout their empire, such as the rebel al-Basasiri who eventually ushered in Saljuq rule in Baghdad after attempting a failed rebellion. When the later Abbasids regained military control over Iraq, they also relied on the military slaves called Ghilman. Under Saladin and the Ayyubids of Egypt, the power of the mamluks increased until they claimed the sultanate in 1250, ruling as the Mamluk Sultanate. Military slavery continued to be employed throughout the Islamic world until the 19th century. The Ottoman Empire's devşirme, or "gathering" of young slaves for the Janissary corps, lasted until the 17th century, while mamluk-based regimes thrived in such Ottoman provinces as Iraq and Egypt into the 19th century.- published: 29 Dec 2013
- views: 660
6:52
Roblox:The Zombie Problem Part3
The last part people thanks for watching my movie!!!!!!!!!!!!
Cast(main characters):
Ale...
published: 26 Nov 2011
Roblox:The Zombie Problem Part3
Roblox:The Zombie Problem Part3
The last part people thanks for watching my movie!!!!!!!!!!!! Cast(main characters): Alex(vastbart365,me,main person) Conner/zombie/mutant wolf1/zombie wolf2(cyn) zombie wolf1(mako) zomm(name unkown for privicy) Our main heroes have made it out from the zombie attack and are now looking for the solution to end the zombie attack.- published: 26 Nov 2011
- views: 9
85:03
Christopher Hitchens on Iran, Al Gore, Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger (1988)
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a country in Western Asia. The name "Ira...
published: 06 May 2013
Christopher Hitchens on Iran, Al Gore, Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger (1988)
Christopher Hitchens on Iran, Al Gore, Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger (1988)
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a country in Western Asia. The name "Iran", which in Persian means "Land of the Aryans", has been in native use since the Sassanian era, in antiquity. It came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia (pron.: /ˈpɜrʒə/ or /ˈpɜrʃə/). Both "Persia" and "Iran" are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, "Iran" is the name used officially in political contexts.[14] The 18th-largest country in the world in terms of area at 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), Iran has a population of around 75 million.[10][15] It is a country of particular geopolitical significance owing to its location in three spheres of Asia. Iran is bordered on the north by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. As Iran is a littoral state of the Caspian Sea, which is an inland sea, Kazakhstan and Russia are also Iran's direct neighbors to the north. Iran is bordered on the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, on the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by Iraq and on the northwest by Turkey. Tehran is the capital, the country's most populous city and the political, cultural, commercial and industrial center of the nation. Iran is a regional power,[16][17] and holds an important position in international energy security and world economy as a result of its large reserves of petroleum and natural gas. Iran has the second largest proven natural gas reserves in the world and the fourth largest proven petroleum reserves.[18] Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations.[19] The first dynasty in Iran formed during the Elamite kingdom in 2800 BC. The Iranian Medes unified Iran into an empire in 625 BC.[2] They were succeeded by the Iranian Achaemenid Empire, the Hellenic Seleucid Empire and two subsequent Iranian empires, the Parthians and the Sassanids, before the Muslim conquest in 651 AD. Iranian post-Islamic dynasties and empires expanded the Persian language and culture throughout the Iranian plateau. Early Iranian dynasties which re-asserted Iranian independence included the Tahirids, Saffarids, Samanids and Buyids. The blossoming of Persian literature, philosophy, medicine, astronomy, mathematics and art became major elements of Islamic civilization. Iranian identity continued despite foreign rule in the ensuing centuries[20] and Persian culture was adopted also by the Ghaznavid,[21] Seljuk,[22][23] Ilkhanid[24] and Timurid[25] rulers. The emergence in 1501 of the Safavid dynasty,[3] which promoted Twelver Shia Islam[26] as the official religion of their empire, marked one of the most important turning points in Iranian and Muslim history.[27] The Persian Constitutional Revolution established the nation's first parliament in 1906, within a constitutional monarchy. Following a coup d'état instigated by the UK and US in 1953, Iran gradually became a more autocratic country. Growing dissent with foreign influence culminated during the Iranian Revolution which led to establishment of an Islamic republic on 1 April 1979.[15][28] Iran is a founding member of the UN, NAM, OIC and OPEC. The political system of Iran, based on the 1979 constitution, comprises several intricately connected governing bodies. The highest state authority is the Supreme Leader. Shia Islam is the official religion and Persian is the official language.[29] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran- published: 06 May 2013
- views: 3688
37:19
History Of The Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة العباسية / ALA-LC: al-Khilāfah al-'Abbāsīyyah), wa...
published: 03 Feb 2014
History Of The Abbasid Caliphate
History Of The Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة العباسية / ALA-LC: al-Khilāfah al-'Abbāsīyyah), was the second of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Prophet Muhammad. The Abbasid dynasty descended from the Prophet's youngest uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566--653 CE). They ruled as caliphs from their capital in Baghdad, in modern Iraq, after taking over authority of the Muslim empire from the Umayyads in 750 CE (132 AH). The Abbasid caliphate first centered their government in Kufa, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, north of the Persian city of Ctesiphon. The choice of a capital so close to Persia proper reflects a growing reliance on Persian bureaucrats, most notably of the Barmakid family, to govern the territories conquered by Arab Muslims, as well as an increasing inclusion of non-Arab Muslims in the ummah. Despite this cooperation, the Abbasids of the 9th century were forced to cede authority over the Persian provinces to local dynastic emirs who only nominally acknowledged their suzerainty. This marked the beginning of a wider breakdown of Abbasid authority, with the loss of Al-Andalus and Maghreb to the Umayyads, Ifriqiya to the Aghlabids, and Egypt to the Shi'ite Caliphate of the Fatimids. The political power of the caliphs largely ended with the rise of the Buyids and the Seljuq Turks. Although Abbasid leadership over the vast Islamic empire was gradually reduced to a ceremonial religious function, the dynasty retained control over its Mesopotamian demesne. The capital city of Baghdad became a center of science, culture, philosophy and invention during the Golden Age of Islam. This period of cultural fruition ended in 1258 with the sack of Baghdad by the Mongols under Hulagu Khan. The Abbasid caliphate, and Muslim culture in general, recentered itself in the Mamluk capital of Cairo in 1261. The dynasty continued to claim authority in religious matters until after the Ottoman conquest of Egypt, when the position of caliph was formally surrendered to the Ottoman Sultan Selim I. The Abbasid caliphs were Arabs descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, one of the youngest uncles of Muhammad and of the same Banu Hashim clan. The Abbasids claimed to be the true successors of Muhammad in replacing the Umayyad descendants of Banu Umayya by virtue of their closer relationship to the Prophet. Coin of the Abbasids, Baghdad, Iraq, 765. The Abbasids also distinguished themselves from the Umayyads by attacking their moral character and administration in general. According to Ira Lapidus, "The Abbasid revolt was supported largely by Arabs, mainly the aggrieved settlers of Marw with the addition of the Yemeni faction and their Mawali". The Abbasids also appealed to non-Arab Muslims, known as mawali, who remained outside the kinship-based society of the Arabs and were perceived as a lower class within the Umayyad empire. Muhammad ibn 'Ali, a great-grandson of Abbas, began to campaign for the return of power to the family of Muhammad, the Hashimites, in Persia during the reign of Umar II. During the reign of Marwan II, this opposition culminated in the rebellion of Ibrahim the Imam, the fourth in descent from Abbas. Supported by the province of Khorasan, Iran and the Shi'i Arabs, he achieved considerable success, but was captured in the year 747 and died in prison; some hold that he was assassinated. The quarrel was taken up by his brother Abdallah, known by the name of Abu al-'Abbas as-Saffah, who defeated the Umayyads in 750 in the Battle of the Zab near the Great Zab and was subsequently proclaimed caliph. Immediately after their victory, Abu al-'Abbas as-Saffah sent his forces to Central Asia, where his forces fought against Tang expansion during the Battle of Talas (the Abbasids were known to their opponents as the "Black robed Tazi" (黑衣大食: hēiyī Dàshí), "Tazi" being a Tang dynasty borrowing from Persian to denote 'Arabs'. Barmakids, who were instrumental in building Baghdad; introduced the world's first recorded paper mill in Baghdad, thus beginning a new era of intellectual rebirth in the Abbasid domain. Within 10 years, the Abbasids built another renowned paper mill in the Umayyad capital of Córdoba in Spain.- published: 03 Feb 2014
- views: 2
4:20
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils it's modernized Bayandor Corvette ahead of elections
The Bayandor class comprise four Iranian corvettes originally built for the US Navy as PF-...
published: 13 Jun 2013
author: ArmedForcesUpdate
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils it's modernized Bayandor Corvette ahead of elections
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils it's modernized Bayandor Corvette ahead of elections
The Bayandor class comprise four Iranian corvettes originally built for the US Navy as PF-103 class corvette. Only two are currently in service. These corvet...- published: 13 Jun 2013
- views: 796
- author: ArmedForcesUpdate
5:57
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils advanced space centre to track spy satellite
TEHRAN, Iran -- Iran said Sunday that it set up its first space tracking center to monitor...
published: 12 Jun 2013
author: ArmedForcesUpdate
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils advanced space centre to track spy satellite
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils advanced space centre to track spy satellite
TEHRAN, Iran -- Iran said Sunday that it set up its first space tracking center to monitor objects passing in orbit overhead, the breakthrough claimed by the...- published: 12 Jun 2013
- views: 821
- author: ArmedForcesUpdate
Youtube results:
7:15
Road of the Dead 2 - Fairview Mall - Flyboy One
The final act, or ending, in the Story Mode.
I'm using the starting Assault SMG as my wea...
published: 10 Feb 2014
Road of the Dead 2 - Fairview Mall - Flyboy One
Road of the Dead 2 - Fairview Mall - Flyboy One
The final act, or ending, in the Story Mode. I'm using the starting Assault SMG as my weapon of choice (which, along with the starting Pistol, is all I used throughout the game). This was a "speed-run" play-through attempt, and the fifth time I complete the game, so have an idea at what are the most effective skills, perks, etc. I recorded this video to demonstrate that it is certainly possible to complete the game with the starting weapons, and in spite of all the inherent lag. :) Link to the Strategy Guide associated with this: http://www.kongregate.com/forums/3-general-gaming/topics/383980-road-of-the-dead-2-achievement-badge-lag-and-strategy-guide Game can be played here: http://www.kongregate.com/games/evildog/road-of-the-dead-2 Song Title: I.D.S. Artist: Stratonero- published: 10 Feb 2014
- views: 37
1:05
BREAKING NEWS Iran revealed its new remotely piloted vehicle UAV Drone Hamaseh Epic
Iran has unveiled its latest indigenous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a reconnaissance an...
published: 10 May 2013
author: ArmedForcesUpdate
BREAKING NEWS Iran revealed its new remotely piloted vehicle UAV Drone Hamaseh Epic
BREAKING NEWS Iran revealed its new remotely piloted vehicle UAV Drone Hamaseh Epic
Iran has unveiled its latest indigenous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a reconnaissance and combat drone dubbed Hamaseh. The drone was unveiled on Thursday d...- published: 10 May 2013
- views: 2843
- author: ArmedForcesUpdate
4:24
Iran unveils new drone Hemaseh 'Epic' Stealth Drone UAV TAKES FLIGHT
Iran has unveiled its latest indigenous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a reconnaissance an...
published: 10 May 2013
author: ArmedForcesUpdate
Iran unveils new drone Hemaseh 'Epic' Stealth Drone UAV TAKES FLIGHT
Iran unveils new drone Hemaseh 'Epic' Stealth Drone UAV TAKES FLIGHT
Iran has unveiled its latest indigenous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a reconnaissance and combat drone dubbed Hamaseh. The drone was unveiled on Thursday d...- published: 10 May 2013
- views: 2231
- author: ArmedForcesUpdate
1:02
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils advanced UAV drone Hamaseh Epic
Iran has unveiled its latest indigenous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a reconnaissance an...
published: 10 May 2013
author: ArmedForcesUpdate
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils advanced UAV drone Hamaseh Epic
BREAKING NEWS Iran unveils advanced UAV drone Hamaseh Epic
Iran has unveiled its latest indigenous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a reconnaissance and combat drone dubbed Hamaseh. The drone was unveiled on Thursday d...- published: 10 May 2013
- views: 3964
- author: ArmedForcesUpdate