Musso war

The Musso war was an armed conflict between the federation of the Three Leagues (Drei Bünde) in the Grisons, an associate state of the Old Swiss Confederacy, and the Duchy of Milan early in the 16th century.

The Milanese reeve of Como, Gian Giacomo Medici, who resided on castle Musso, had been raiding the valley of Chiavenna since 1521, and in 1526 he even occupied the Valtellina, both subject territories of the Three Leagues. The Three Leagues managed to drive the Milanese forces back. In 1531, when another Milanese attack on the Valtellina occurred, the Three Leagues called the Old Swiss Confederacy for help, calling in duties of a defence alliance concluded earlier. The confederacy was at that time already entrapped in religious conflicts following the Reformation, and only the Protestant cantons supported the Three Leagues. In a peace treaty concluded the next year, Chiavenna and the Valtellina were granted to the Three Leagues; only three communes at the north end of Lake Como, the tre pievi, came under the supervision of Milan.

Musso

Musso (1897, in Kediri, East Java – Madiun, in 31 October 1948) was one of PKI leaders and one of figures in Madiun affair.

Biography

Early life

Musso was born Munawar Musso in 1897, Pegu, Kediri. His father was a bank clerk in Wates, Mas Martoredjo.

In Batavia, Musso studied at teacher school. He met Alimin, disciple of G.A.J. Hazeu and D. van Hinloopen Labberton. According to Soemarsono, one of PKI leaders in Madiun affair, Musso continued to Hogere Burger School in 1913. Musso stayed at Tjokroaminoto's boarding house with Alimin and Sukarno. According to Arnold C. Brackman, at the time Musso worked as cashier at Surabaya post office. In Surabaya, Musso also met Henk Sneevliet.

Beginning of PKI career

Musso and Alimin had more important task in infiltrating Sarekat Islam than Surjopranoto. They were members of both PKI and SI before they were arrested due to Afdeling B affair. Musso involved in farmer revolt in Cimareme, Garut supported by Sarekat Islam Afdeling B. In the trial, while Alimin confessed the false statement he made to help Tjokroaminoto, Musso didn't do the confession. In the prison, Dutch government handled him poorly. Agus Salim complained to Voolksraad for this treatment. According to McVey, Musso held a grudge to Dutch government after this treatment. After Musso and Alimin were released in 1923, the former was offered to teach Indonesian language with English as language of instruction in Japan by van Hinloopen Labberton. However Japanese government rejected Musso reasoning he didn't have sufficient academic diploma, though McVey assumed the main reasons were his experience in prison and his political view. Musso then reorganize Batavia PKI branch and led the new one.

Musso (disambiguation)

Musso may refer to:

Places

People

Other uses

Musso, Lombardy

Musso is a small town in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy. It lies on the western shore of the northern branch of Lake Como about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of the city of Como. The comune of Musso, which includes the town itself and the surrounding area of lake and mountainside, extends over an area of 412 hectares (1,020 acres), with a minimum elevation of 199 metres (653 ft) and a maximum of 1,325 metres (4,347 ft) and has a population of 1,020. It borders the communes of Dongo to the north, Pianello del Lario to the south and Colico across the lake in the Province of Lecco.

The commune is a member of the Comunità Montana Alto Lario Occidentale.

Main sights

The castle, which dates back to the fourteenth century, was the power-base of Gian Giacomo Medici (‘il Medeghino’), brother of Pope Pius IV, and variously known as “pirate, king, brigand, traitor, rebel, assassin and hero”. During the years 1522 to 1532 he acquired control over much of the lake and parts of Brianza. He was finally defeated by the combined forces of the Duke of Milan Francesco II Sforza, the Swiss Confederacy and the Grisons.