The reputation which Rask thus acquired recommended him to the Arnamagnæan Institution, by which he was employed as editor of the ''Icelandic Lexicon'' (1814) of Björn Halldórsson, which had long remained in manuscript. Rask visited Iceland, where he remained from 1813 to 1815, mastering the language and familiarizing himself with the literature, manners, and customs of Iceland. To the interest with which they inspired him may probably be attributed the establishment at Copenhagen, early in 1816, of the Icelandic Literary Society, of which he was the first president.
In October 1816, Rask left Denmark on a literary expedition financed by the king, to prosecute inquiries into the languages of the East, and collect manuscripts for the university library at Copenhagen. He proceeded first to Sweden, where he remained two years, in the course of which he made an excursion into Finland to study the language. Here he published, in Swedish, his ''Anglo-Saxon Grammar'' in 1817. In 1818, there appeared at Copenhagen, in Danish, an ''Essay on the Origin of the Ancient Scandinavian or Icelandic Tongue'', in which he traced the affinity of that idiom to the other European languages, particularly Latin and Greek.
In the same year, he brought out the first complete editions of Snorri's ''Edda'' and Sæmundr's ''Edda'' (more commonly known as the Poetic or Elder Edda), in the original text, along with Swedish translations of both Eddas. From Stockholm, he went in 1819, to St Petersburg, where he wrote, in German, a paper on "The Languages and Literature of Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland," in the sixth number of the ''Vienna Jahrbücher''. From Russia, he proceeded through Tartary into Persia, and resided for some time at Tabriz, Teheran, Persepolis, and Shiraz. In about six weeks, he made himself sufficiently master of Persian to be able to converse freely.
In 1820, he embarked at Bushire for Bombay; and during his residence there he wrote, in English, "A Dissertation on the Authenticity of the Zend Language" (''Trans. Lit. Soc. of Bombay'', vol. iii., reprinted with corrections and additions in ''Trans. R. As. Soc.''). From Bombay he proceeded through India to Ceylon, where he arrived in 1822, and soon afterwards wrote, in English, "A Dissertation respecting the best Method of expressing the Sounds of the Indian Languages in European Characters," in the ''Transactions of the Literary and Agricultural Society of Colombo''. Rask returned to Copenhagen in May 1823, bringing a considerable number of Oriental manuscripts, Persian, Zand, Pali, Sinhalese, and others, with which he enriched the collections of the Danish capital. He died in Copenhagen on the 14th of November 1832, at Badstuestraede 17, where a plaque commemorating him is found.
During the period between his return from the East and his death, Rask published in his native language a ''Spanish Grammar'' (1824), a ''Frisian Grammar'' (1825), an ''Essay on Danish Orthography'' (1826), a ''Treatise respecting the Ancient Egyptian Chronology'' and an ''Italian Grammar'' (1827), and the ''Ancient Jewish Chronology previous to Moses'' (1828). He also edited an edition of Schneider's ''Danish Grammar for the use of Englishmen'' (1830), and superintended the English translation of his ''Anglo-Saxon Grammar'' by Thorpe (1830).
He was the first to point out the connection between the ancient Northern and Western/Eastern Germanic languages on the one hand, and the Lithuanian, Slavonic, Greek, and Latin languages on the other; and he also deserves credit for having had the original idea of what is now called "Grimm's Law" for the transmutation of consonants in the transition from the old Indo-European languages to Teutonic, although he only compared Teutonic and Greek, Sanskrit being at the time unknown to him.
In 1822, he was master of no fewer than twenty-five languages and dialects, and he is stated to have studied twice as many. His numerous philological manuscripts were transferred to the Royal Library at Copenhagen. Rask's Anglo-Saxon, Danish and Icelandic Grammars were brought out in English editions by Thorpe, Repp, and Dasent, respectively. Karl Verner was one of the later philologists inspired by Rask's work.
Category:1787 births Category:1832 deaths Category:Scholars of Old Norse and Scandinavian studies Category:Danish linguists Category:Danish philologists Category:Icelandic language Category:Indo-Europeanists Category:Grammarians of English
bn:রাস্মুস রাস্ক cs:Rasmus Rask da:Rasmus Rask de:Rasmus Christian Rask es:Rasmus Christian Rask eo:Rasmus Rask fr:Rasmus Rask fy:Rasmus Rask gl:Rasmus Rask is:Rasmus Kristján Rask it:Rasmus Christian Rask ka:რასმუს კრისტიან რასკი ja:ラスムス・ラスク no:Rasmus Rask nn:Rasmus Rask pl:Rasmus Rask ru:Раск, Расмус sr:Расмус Кристијан Раск fi:Rasmus Rask sv:Rasmus Rask tr:Rasmus Christian RaskThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | 53°12′″N45°01′″N |
---|---|
name | Mário Carlos |
fullname | Mário Jorge Costa Carlos |
height | |
birth date | February 12, 1983 |
birth place | Setúbal, Portugal |
position | Midfielder |
years1 | 2002–2003 |
years2 | 2003–2004 |
years3 | 2004–2005 |
years4 | 2005–2006 |
years5 | 2006–2007 |
years6 | 2007 |
years7 | 2007-2008 |
years8 | 2008-2009 |
clubs1 | Vitória Setúbal |
clubs2 | C.D. Nacional |
clubs3 | S.C. Espinho (Loan) |
clubs4 | FC Barreirense |
clubs5 | Vitória Setúbal |
clubs6 | Zamora Fútbol Club |
clubs7 | Alki Larnaca |
clubs8 | Ermis Aradippou |
pcupdate | 1 October 2007 |
ntupdate | }} |
Mário Carlos (born February 12, 1983) is a Portuguese midfielder who played for Ermis Aradippou of Cyprus. His former teams are Vitória Setúbal, C.D. Nacional, S.C. Espinho, FC Barreirensem Zamora Fútbol Club and Alki Larnaca.
Category:1983 births Category:Living people Category:Vitória F.C. players Category:C.D. Nacional players Category:Alki Larnaca FC players Category:Ermis Aradippou players Category:Portuguese footballers Category:Portuguese expatriate footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in Cyprus Category:Expatriate footballers in Romania Category:Liga I players
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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