Paul Kay (born 1934) is an emeritus professor of linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley, United States. He joined the University in 1966 as a member of the Department of Anthropology, transferring to the Department of Linguistics in 1982 and now working at the International Computer Science Institute (ICSI). He is best known for his work with anthropologist Brent Berlin on colour: Basic Color Terms: Their Universality and Evolution (1969) ISBN 1-57586-162-3. More recently, he has worked in the area of Construction Grammar with Charles J. Fillmore, authoring the textbook Construction Grammar (1996 manuscript). He is currently working on an extension of Construction Grammar called Sign-Based Construction Grammar, authoring a book on this topic with Charles J. Fillmore, Ivan Sag and Laura Michaelis.

External links[link]

• Personal website
• UC Berkeley faculty page

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. It may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Tagged since January 2011. It may be confusing or unclear to readers. Tagged since January 2011.

DJ Paul
DJ Paul (back) performing with Three 6 Mafia bandmate Juicy J.
Background information
Birth name	Paul Beauregard
Born	1977 (age 34–35)
Origin	Memphis, Tennessee
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Rapper, record producer
Labels	Columbia/Sony Music (2003-Present) Loud (2000-2003) Relativity (1997-2000) Prophet (1995-1997)
Associated acts	Three 6 Mafia, Project Pat, Juicy J, Lil Wyte, Lord Infamous, Young Buck

Paul Beauregard, better known by his stage name DJ Paul, is an American rapper and record producer from Memphis, Tennessee.^[1] He is one half of the Memphis-based rap group Three 6 Mafia. He is also the half-brother of former Three 6 Mafia member Lord Infamous. He won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp". DJ Paul founded Scale-A-Ton Entertainment in 2009.

Rap career[link]

DJ Paul (Paul Beauregard) began his career as a DJ, producer, and rapper in the early 90's. He was one-half of the duo The Serial Killaz, his older half-brother Lord Infamous (Ricky Dunigan) was the other half. They released self-recorded tapes in their neighborhood, school, and local shops. "Portrait Of A Serial Killa" was their first tape, released in 1992. Also DJ Paul released numerous solo mixtapes (ex: c "Volume 12 (Pts. 1 and 2)", "Volume 15: For You Niggaz Wit' Anna", and "Volume 16: 4 Da Summa of '94").

DJ Paul rose to prominence as one of the best DJ-producers on the south side of Memphis, and met up with DJ/artist/producer Juicy J (Jordan Houston), also garnering buzz on the North side of Memphis. They noticed they had a lot of similar interests eventually merging their sound and crew members to form the super-group The Backyard Posse (later known as Triple Six Mafia). DJ Paul and Juicy J soon began producing dark, eerie tracks driven by bass-heavy beats and haunting sounds, and invited numerous Backyard Posse members to rap over the beats with them. They released the resulting tracks locally as Triple Six Mafia; years later these recordings would resurface as re-releases.

In 1994, Triple Six Mafia released the underground album "Smoked Out Loced Out". The album was laden with questionable content, such as violence, heavy drug use, and sexually explicit lyrics. Triple Six Mafia received a great response from listeners of this tape. In 1995, the loose collective changed its name to Three 6 Mafia and self-released its debut album, Mystic Stylez. The album became an underground success, and Three 6 Mafia, in turn, signed a distribution deal with Relativity for its Hypnotized Minds imprint. Throughout the late '90s, Juicy J and DJ Paul produced numerous albums a year for Hypnotize Minds and capitalized on the lucrative distribution deal. By the end of the decade, the two producers were at the helm of an empire, having extended their brand to alarming lengths, culminating with their commercial breakthrough album, When the Smoke Clears, which debuted at number six on Billboard's album chart. He became a great inspiration for people in the rap community.

Together with production partner Juicy J, DJ Paul played an important role in the South's rise to prominence within the once East- and West Coast-dominated rap industry. Behind the duo's leadership, Three 6 Mafia rose from an underground phenomenon in Memphis to a nationally recognized rap empire, spinning off numerous solo albums for the collective's many members in the mid to late '90s. DJ Paul raps as a member of Three 6 Mafia and contributes rhymes to most of the albums he produces for such artists as Project Pat, Gangsta Boo, La Chat, and Tear Da Club Up Thugs. Moreover, DJ Paul ventured into film-making with Choices, a straight-to-video film starring most of the Three 6 Mafia collective. He was also the winner of VH1's Famous Food out of 7 other celebrities in 2011.

Discography[link]

• 2002 Underground Volume 16: For Da Summa
• 2009: Scale-A-Ton^[2]
• 2012: A Person Of Interest (EP)

Mixtapes[link]

• 2009: The Weigh In ^{hosted by DJ Scream}
• 2010: Too Kill Again ^{hosted by DJ Scream & DJ Whoo Kid}
• 2011: Pray For Forgiveness (with Ya Boy and Lil Lody) ^{hosted by DJ Scream}
• 2012: For I've Sinned ^{hosted by DJ Scream}

Music Videography[link]

• U Don't Want It w/ Lord Infamous
• She Wanna Get High w/ Lord Infamous
• Wanta Be Like You
• Fuckboy/Im Drunk (Remix) w/ Lil Wyte
• Hi Way (I'm Gone) w/ Montana Trax
• Gimme Yayo w/ Miscellaneous
• Buy My Old Shit
• Lose It w/ Lil Wyte
• Ima Show My... w/ Mac Butta & Reno
• I'm Lookin For It w/ Lion Heart & Partee
• Stick'm Up w/ Drumma Boy & DJ Zirk
• Get Rowdy w/ Drumma Boy & Young Buck
• Hard Shit w/ Travis Barker
• Buck Nah w/ Ya Boy
• Dead Wrong w/ Ya Boy
• Me Dats Who w/ Ya Boy
• Mad At Me w/ Young Buck & Charlie P
• Get So Violent (Dub-Step Remix)
• Cocky
• Smokin & Fuckin

See also[link]

• Three 6 Mafia
• Hypnotize Minds

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• DJ Paul's channel on YouTube

Sean Paul
Sean Paul at the International Reggae and World Music Awards.
Background information
Birth name	Sean Paul Ryan Francis Henriques
Born	(1973-01-09) January 9, 1973 (age 39) Kingston, Jamaica
Genres	Dancehall, reggae, R&B, ragga
Occupations	Musician, singer-songwriter, producer, actor
Years active	1996–present
Labels	VP, Atlantic
Website	allseanpaul.com

Sean Paul Ryan Francis Henriques^[1] (born January 9, 1973),^[1][2] who performs under stage name Sean Paul, is a Jamaican dancehall and reggae artist.

Life and career[link]

1973–96: Early life[link]

Sean Paul was born in Kingston and spent his early years in Upper Andrew Parish, a few miles north of Kingston.^[2] His parents, Garth and Frances, were both talented athletes, and his mother is a well-known painter.^[3] His paternal grandfather was a Sephardic Jew whose family emigrated from Portugal, and his paternal grandmother was Afro-Caribbean; his mother is of English and Chinese Jamaican descent.^[4][5] Sean Paul was raised as a Catholic.^[6] Many members of his family are swimmers. His grandfather was on the first Jamaican men's national water polo team. His father also played water polo for the team in the 1960s, and competed in long-distance swimming, while Sean Paul's mother was a backstroke swimmer. Sean Paul played for the national water polo team from the age of thirteen to twenty-one, when he gave up the sport in order to launch his musical career. He attended the Wolmers High School for Boys, Belair School, Hillel Academy High School, and the College of Arts, Science, and Technology, now known as the University of Technology, where he was trained in commerce with a view to pursuing an occupation in hotel management.

[edit] 1998–2000: Stage One

Sean Paul's manager and producer Jeremy Harding first heard about the singer when his brother told him about seeing someone at a small open mic event in Kingston who sounded a lot like the popular dancehall DJ and toaster Super Cat.^[7] Harding eventually met the singer when Sean Paul came by his studio to ask for some advice. During the meeting Paul recorded a vocal over Harding's rhythm track and in the process created the song "Baby Girl".^[7] Sean Paul began hanging out at the studio every day, and the pair collaborated on several more tracks. When they recorded "Infiltrate" they decided they had something good enough to get on the radio. As Sean Paul started to attract local attention, Harding began looking after his affairs. He later told HitQuarters that his support of Paul's fledgling career initially led him assuming the roles of "DJ, manager, road manager and security guard."^[7] Sean Paul made a quick cameo appearance in the 1998 film Belly on stage performing. He made a very successful collaboration with DMX & Mr. Vegas (Top Shotter) as a soundtrack of the film. In 2000, Sean Paul released his debut album, Stage One with VP Records.

[edit] 2001–02: Dutty Rock

In 2002, he began working extensively with a team of producers and choreographers from Toronto, namely Jae Blaze and Blaze Entertainment and announced the release of his second album, Dutty Rock. Pushed by the success of the singles "Gimme the Light" and the Billboard Hot 100 topper, "Get Busy", the album was a worldwide success, eventually selling over six million copies. Simultaneously, Sean Paul was heard on Beyoncé's U.S. #1 single "Baby Boy" and Blu Cantrell's "Breathe", a chart hit in Europe. Both helped to push his reputation further still in the United States. He appeared on Punk'd, 106 & Park, Sean Paul Respect, Making the Video ("Get Busy", "Gimme the Light", and "Like Glue") and his music videos have been broadcast on MTV and BET. Paul's biggest hits included "Get Busy", "Like Glue", "Gimme the Light", "Baby Boy", and "I'm Still in Love with You".

[edit] 2003–05: The Trinity

Sean Paul in September 2005.

Sean Paul's third album The Trinity was released in on September 27, 2005. The album produced five big hits, "We Be Burnin'", "Ever Blazin'", "Give It Up to Me", "Never Gonna Be The Same" and the U.S. chart-topping smash hit "Temperature". The video of "Give It Up to Me" (featuring Keyshia Cole) was also featured in the movie Step Up in 2006. He was nominated for four awards at the 2006 Billboard Music Awards, including male artist of the year, rap artist of the year, hot 100 single of the year, and pop single of the year for his hit "Temperature".^[8] He also won an American Music Award for "(When You Gonna) Give It Up To Me" beating Kanye West and Nick Lachey who were also nominated for the award. His song "Send It On" from "The Trinity" featured on the 2005 Vauxhall Corsa advert. Sean Paul often contributes his songs to various Riddim Driven albums (by VP Records). In March 2007, he returned to his native Jamaica to perform at the Cricket World Cup 2007 opening ceremony. Sean Paul appears on the game Def Jam: Fight for NY as part of Snoop Dogg's crew and again in the game's sequel, Def Jam Icon.

[edit] 2006–10: Imperial Blaze

The newest Sean Paul album entitled "Imperial Blaze" was released on August 18, 2009. The lead single, “So Fine”, which was produced by Stephen “Di Genius” McGregor, premiered on Sean Paul's official website on April 26, 2009.^{[9][dead link][10]} Speaking to Pete Lewis of 'Blues & Soul' magazine in August 2009, Sean Paul stated that 'Imperial Blaze' "Actually signifies 'The King's Fire'. It's that thing inside of you that gives you the desire to do whatever you do, and be the best in the world at it."^[11] The new album consists of 20 tracks including "So Fine", "Press it Up", "She Want Me", "Private Party" which are party tracks and also love songs such as "Hold My Hand" (feat Keri Hilson), "Lately", "Now That I've Got Your Love" among others. Producers on the album include Don Corleone, Jeremy Harding, and Sean's brother Jason 'Jigzagula' Henriques.^[11] All the full songs of the album have been added to Sean Paul's Myspace page^[12] on the day of release of the album.

Up until now there have been eight music videos: "Always On My Mind (with Da'Ville)", "Give It To You (with Eve)", "Watch Them Roll", "Back It Up" (with Left Side/Mr. Evil), "(I Wanna See You) Push It Baby" (with Pretty Ricky), "Hit 'Em" (with Fahrenheit and his brother Jason "Jigzagula" Henriques), "Come Over" with Estelle,^[13] and also the video of his first single, "So Fine" from the new album. He has recently been featured in Shaggy's video, "Save A Life", which also includes appearances from Elephant Man and Da'Ville, among others. In an effort to raise money for a children's hospital, Shaggy, Sean Paul and others will be having a benefit concert. All proceeds will go towards getting new equipment and technology 'For Aid to the Bustamante Hospital for Children'. In an interview in 2009 he says he is planning to release a new album in 2011. During the premiere for MNET's Big Brother Africa 5: All-Stars on July 18, 2010, he performed his songs "Temperature", "Hold My Hand", and "So Fine".

[edit] 2011–present: Tomahawk Technique

The first single Got 2 Luv U features vocals from American singer Alexis Jordan. It was released on the July 19, 2011 by Atlantic Records. The song was written by Sean Paul, Ryan Tedder and Stargate, and it was produced by Stargate.^[14][15][16]

She Doesn't Mind is the second single from the album. It was written by Sean Paul, Shellback and Benny Blanco and was produced by Shellback and Benny Blanco. It was released on the September 29, 2011 on NRJ & Skyrock (French radios), and to iTunes on October 31.^[17] Like its proceeder, "Got 2 Luv U", featuring Alexis Jordan, it topped the charts in Switzerland, but it debuted at that spot. Sean appeared on the Never Mind the Buzzcocks episode which aired on November 21, 2011.

Sean Paul is featured in the music video for the Simple Plan song Summer Paradise.

Discography[link]

Studio albums

• Stage One (2000)
• Dutty Rock (2002)
• The Trinity (2005)
• Imperial Blaze (2009)
• Tomahawk Technique (2012)

Mixtapes

• The Odyssey Mixtape (2009)

Filmography[link]

Paul Scheer
in July 2011
Born	Paul Christian Scheer (1976-01-31) January 31, 1976 (age 36) Huntington, New York
Occupation	Actor, comedian, writer, producer
Years active	1995–present
Spouse	June Diane Raphael (2009–present)
Website
www.paulscheer.com

Paul Christian Scheer (born January 31, 1976) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He currently stars on the FX series The League and in the Adult Swim comedy-action series "NTSF:SD:SUV::", which he also created. Scheer has made many memorable appearances on comedy programs such as 30 Rock, Best Week Ever, Childrens Hospital, Funny or Die Presents, Parks and Recreation, Happy Endings, Party Down and Yo Gabba Gabba. He has also appeared in films such as Piranha 3D, Bride Wars, School for Scoundrels and Year One. He previously co-created and starred in the cult MTV sketch series Human Giant alongside Rob Huebel and Aziz Ansari. He also currently hosts the podcast "How Did This Get Made?", which was hailed by iTunes as the "best new comedy podcast" of 2011.

Personal life[link]

Scheer was born in Huntington, New York. He graduated from St. Anthony's High School (New York) and from the School of Education at New York University, where he majored in Communication and Education.

Scheer currently lives in Los Angeles and is married to actress/writer June Diane Raphael.

Live performances[link]

New York (1995–2005)[link]

In 1995, Scheer became a member of New York City's longest running Off-Broadway comedy show, Chicago City Limits. As a member of their touring company Scheer extensively traveled throughout the United States as well as overseas.

In 1998, he joined the Upright Citizens Brigade Theater in New York City where he performed Sketch and Improvisation with Respecto Montalban, winners of the 2003 ECNY Award for "Best Improv Show." The group included such members as Rob Riggle, Rob Huebel, Jack McBrayer and Dannah Feinglass. They performed their unique brand of long form improvisation to sold out crowds every Saturday night for over five years and even collaborated Adam McKay (director/writer of Anchorman) on a political sketch comedy show called "George Bush is a Motherfucker".

In 2002 Scheer created/starred in "Automatic Vaudeville" at the Ars Nova Theater, which the Hollywood Reporter called "one of the top five shows in the country."

Los Angeles (since 2006)[link]

Scheer moved to Los Angeles in 2006 and is a regular performer at Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre in Los Angeles (UCBTLA).

Every Wednesday at 9:30PM he performs FACEBOOK, an improvised show based on audience member's Facebook profiles. The show was named the "Best Improv Show" by Los Angeles Magazine and has been profiled on Good Morning America. Cast members include Rob Riggle and Rob Huebel.

Every 1st and 3rd Monday of the Month at 11PM Scheer co-hosts Crash Test with Human Giant Alum Rob Huebel. Los Angeles Magazine calls the show "Extremely Funny...Several thumbs up" and MetroMix proclaims "Sketch Comedy doesn't get much funnier."

Scheer also occasionally performs in a two person improv show, Scheer/McBrayer with Jack McBrayer his 30 Rock nemesis and can be seen in video pieces on Funny or Die .

Television highights[link]

[edit] Human Giant (MTV)

Human Giant's Aziz Ansari, Rob Huebel, Jason Woliner & Paul Scheer in May 2007

Around the summer of 2005, Scheer began collaborating with fellow comedians Rob Huebel and Aziz Ansari as well as director Jason Woliner to make short films. The first series created by the group was "Shutterbugs", which followed Huebel and Ansari as cutthroat child talent agents. This was followed up by the "Illusionators", which starred Ansari and Scheer as Criss Angel-style goth magicians. In mid-2006, MTV greenlit a sketch series from the group which debuted April 5, 2007.

The show has completed two seasons. In interviews, the group has mentioned that they were offered a third season by MTV but were unable to complete it due to Ansari's commitments to the new NBC show Parks and Recreation. However, the group has stated that MTV has left the door open for the group to complete a third season at a later date or to produce a special for the network. The group recently re-united for "Stunt Kidz" a sketch in the Ansari hosted MTV Movie Awards.

In November 2008, The Hollywood Reporter noted the group is currently developing a feature film with Red Hour Films, the production company run by Ben Stiller and producer Stuart Cornfeld.

[edit] NTSF:SD:SUV:: (Adult Swim)

NTSF:SD:SUV:: is a 15 minute procedural parody, which premiered on Cartoon Network's Adult Swim on July 21, 2011 for a 12 episode order. The series was created by Scheer, who also serves as Executive Producer and Star. Scheer plays Trent Hauser an elite government operative who protects San Diego from terrorism. Scheer is joined by Kate Mulgrew, Rebecca Romijn, Martin Starr, June Diane Raphael, Brandon Johnson and Rob Riggle. Series Guests include Jeff Goldblum, Adam Scott, Ed Helms, John Cho, Gabrielle Union, JK Simmons, Robert Picardo, Lorenzo Lamas, Rich Fulcher, Courtney Ford, Moon Bloodgood and Adult Film star Riley Steele.

[edit] The League (FX)

The League is a sitcom, which premiered on FX on October 29, 2009. The series is a semi-scripted comedy about a fantasy football league. Currently in its third season, Scheer has co-scripted a handful of episodes, "The Anniversary Party", "Expert Witness", and "Sober Buddy." with co-star Nick Kroll. Scheer plays Dr. Andre Nowzick, a rich plastic surgeon whose naivete makes him the brunt of many jokes.

[edit] Yo Gabba Gabba {Nick Jr.}

Paul Scheer and Jack McBrayer make semi-regular appearances on the Nick Jr. series Yo Gabba Gabba!, in a segment called "Knock Knock Joke of the Day". They have appeared in seasons one and two, and, according to Scheer's Twitter, have recently taped segments for season three. Scheer and McBrayer were featured as themselves in the Yo Gabba Gabba! comic book, and have even made appearances on the Yo Gabba Gabba! live tour. In 2012, Scheer appeared as a villainous Cowboy Android in an episode of The Aquabats! Super Show!, another series from the creators of Yo Gabba Gabba!.

[edit] Funny or Die Presents (HBO)

Scheer and comedian Rob Riggle recently wrote and starred together in a series of filmed sketches called "Designated Driver" for the HBO sketch comedy program Funny or Die Presents, which began airing in February 2010. Scheer, Riggle and Rob Huebel also wrote and starred in a series of sketches for the second season, called "Death Hunt", which featured cameos from Jack McBrayer and Kathryn Hahn.

Other highlights[link]

In 2006, Variety named Scheer one of the "Top 10 Comics to Watch" and AP Magazine hailed him as one of their favorite comedians.

Scheer was also featured in the music video of Army Navy's "My Thin Sides"

[edit] How Did This Get Made? (Earwolf podcast)

How Did This Get Made?, a podcast on the Earwolf Network hosted by Paul Scheer, June Diane Raphael, and Jason Mantzoukas, is the only bi-weekly show on the Earwolf network. Each show has a celebrity guest and features the deconstruction and mockery of terrible films. Not only are jokes made, but attempts to unscramble plots are often begun before being abandoned. During the show's off-week, a ".5" episode is uploaded featuring Scheer announcing the next week's movie as well as challenges for the fans. In 2011, iTunes selected How Did this Get Made as its favorite comedy podcast of the year.

Damon, Carlton and a Polar Bear[link]

Scheer was the centerpiece of a massive Lost Viral campaign which started during the 2009 Lost Comic-Con panel. During the Q&A segment Scheer presented a velvet painting to Damon and Carlton arm and arm with a polar bear that he claimed to have spent the last 6 months working on. He told the crowd that more of his art would be appearing on his personal website DamonCarltonAndAPolarBear.com, named after his painting, Scheer handed the painting to Damon Lindelof. The following months after Comic Con the site began to reveal special limited edition artwork that was created by popular artists and only available to fans of the show who were following the clues of the game that Scheer set up. Scheer remained the figurehead of the viral event and even ended up hosting the final Lost panel at the Paley Center in Los Angeles during the final season.

Twitflix Controversy[link]

Scheer, along with Mr. Show writer/performer Scott Aukerman and Human Giant co-stars Aziz Ansari and Rob Huebel, created controversy when they, using Twitter, live "tweeted" a midnight screening of the film Crank: High Voltage, in an event they called "Twitflix."^[1] Aukerman, Scheer and Huebel had previously done this during the first screening of Fast & Furious held in D-BOX seats.^[2] Harry Knowles from Ain't It Cool News wrote to them during the film, threatening them, upset with what they were doing. This was reported on several websites the next day.^[3][4]

Filmography[link]

References[link]

Notes

External links[link]

• Paul Scheer at the Internet Movie Database
• Paul Scheer Official Site
• MySpace profile
• Facebook profile
• Twitter Feed
• Flickr Feed
• Human Giant Home Page
• Artwork created by Scheer and presented at the Lost Panel at the San Diego Comic Con 2009

Interviews/Articles

• Podcast interview with Caleb Bacon
• Interview at /Film.com
• Interview at LosAnjealous.com
• Interview at Gothamist.com
• Interview at Bloodydisgusting.com
• Interview at WickedInfo.com

Cannon in September 2009

Kay Cannon (nickname "Kay Bo") is an American television writer and actress who is best known for her work as an Emmy-nominated writer and producer for the NBC series 30 Rock.^[1][2]