The establishment of the first East Slavic states in the 9th century coincided with the arrival of Varangians, the traders, warriors and settlers from the Baltic Sea region. Primarily they were Vikings of Scandinavian origin, who ventured along the waterways extending from the eastern Baltic to the Black and Caspian Seas.[37] According to the Primary Chronicle, a Varangian from Rus' people, named Rurik, http://www.wolny.org.pl was elected ruler of Novgorod in 862. In 882 his successor Oleg ventured south and conquered Kiev,[38] which had been previously paying tribute to the Khazars, founding Kievan Rus'. Oleg, Rurik's son Igor and Igor's son Sviatoslav subsequently subdued all local East Slavic tribes to Kievan rule, http://www.wolny.org.pl/Rolety-lodz/Rolety-zewnetrzne.html destroyed the Khazar khaganate and launched several military expeditions to Byzantium and Persia. In the 10th to 11th centuries Kievan Rus' became one of the largest and most prosperous states in Europe.[39] http://www.wolny.org.pl/Rolety-lodz/Rolety-zewnetrzne-natynkowe.html The reigns of Vladimir the Great (980--1015) and his son Yaroslav the Wise (1019--1054) constitute the Golden Age of Kiev, which saw the acceptance of Orthodox Christianity from Byzantium and the creation of the first East Slavic written legal code, the Russkaya Pravda. In the http://www.wolny.org.pl/Rolety-lodz/Rolety-zewnetrzne-podtynkowe.html 11th and 12th centuries, constant incursions by nomadic Turkic tribes, such as the Kipchaks and the Pechenegs, caused a massive migration of Slavic populations to the safer, heavily forested regions of the north, particularly to the area known as Zalesye.[40] The Baptism of Kievans, by Klavdy Lebedev The age of feudalism and decentralization was marked by constant in-fighting between members of the Rurik http://www.wolny.org.pl/Rolety-lodz/Rolety-zewnetrzne-naokienne.html Dynasty that ruled Kievan Rus' collectively. Kiev's dominance waned, to the benefit of Vladimir-Suzdal in the north-east, Novgorod Republic in the north-west and Galicia-Volhynia in the south-west.

• published: 26 Feb 2014
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