Hòa Hảo ( listen, Chữ Nôm: 道和好, Chinese: 和好, Hé Hǎo) is a religious tradition, based on Buddhism, founded in 1939 by Huỳnh Phú Sổ, a native of the Mekong River Delta region of southern Vietnam. Adherents consider Sổ to be a prophet, and Hòa Hảo a continuation of a 19th-century Buddhist ministry known as Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương (Sino-Vietnamese 寶山奇香) "Strange Perfume from Precious Mountains," referring to the Bảy Núi range on the Vietnamese-Cambodian border). The founders of these traditions are regarded by Hòa Hảo followers as living Buddhas—destined to save mankind from suffering and to protect the Vietnamese nation. Hòa Hảo claims approximately two million followers throughout Vietnam; in some provinces near its Delta birthplace, as many as 90 percent of the population practice this tradition. An important characteristic of this movement is its emphasis on peasant farmers, exemplified by the old slogan, "Practicing Buddhism While Farming Your Land." Hòa Hảo stresses the practice of Buddhism by lay people in the home, rather than focusing primarily on temple worship and ordination. Aid to the poor is favored over pagoda-building or expensive rituals; religious and social ceremonies are ideally simple and modest, and are not to include the food offerings, divination services, and elaborate wedding and funeral customs found in some manifestations of Southeast Asian life. These are viewed as a waste of money which would be better spent helping the needy.^{[citation needed]}

Hoa people (Chinese: 華人; pinyin: Huárén; Cantonese Yale: Wa Yan; Hán Nôm: 𠊛華; quốc ngữ: người Hoa) refers to a minority living in Vietnam consisting of persons considered to be ethnic Chinese. They are often referred to as either Chinese Vietnamese, Vietnamese Chinese,Sino-Vietnamese, or ethnic Chinese in/from Vietnam by the Vietnamese populace, Overseas Vietnamese, and other ethnic Chinese. The Vietnamese government's classification of the Hoa excludes two other groups of Chinese-speaking peoples, the San Diu and the Ngai. The Hoa constitute one group of Overseas Chinese and contain one of the largest Overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia. As of 2011, the Sino-Vietnamese community numbered approximately 855,000 people corresponding to 0.95% of the Vietnamese population.

The Hoa were highly overrepresented in Vietnam's business and commerce sector before the Fall of Saigon in 1975. Today they are a well-established middle class ethnic group and make up a high percentage of Vietnam's educated and upper class. Like much of Southeast Asia, Sino Vietnamese are dominant in both the Vietnamese commerce and business sections. They are estimated to control 70 to 80 percent of the Southern Vietnamese economy before the Fall of Saigon in 1975. However now, the Chinese Vietnamese only comprise a small percentage in the modern Vietnamese economy, now mostly Vietnamese-run, as many Hoa had their businesses and property confiscated by the Communists after 1975, and many fled the country as Boat People due to persecution by the new Communist government. The Hoa were persecuted, and some were even forcibly "kicked out" of the country, at a time when Vietnam had serious tensions with China in the late 1970s, and the government feared of the Hoa collaborating with the Chinese communist government as a result of the Sino-Vietnamese War though the remaining Chinese still cornered an estimated 66% of the fledgling private economy, mainly concentrated in Saigon.

Hao or HAO may refer to: