Hemu Kalani (Sindhi: هيمو ڪالاڻي) was a Sindhi revolutionary and freedom fighter.

Hemu Kalani was born at mir-ki-street old Sukkur in Sindh (now in Pakistan) on 23 March 1923. He was the son of Pesumal Kalani and Jethi Bai. As a child and young man he campaigned with his friends for boycotts of foreign goods and tried to persuade people to use Swadeshi goods. He was drawn to revolutionary activities and started participating in acts of terrorism with the aim of driving out the British. He was involved in raids and in the burning of vehicles belonging to the Raj.^{[citation needed]}

Hemu Kalani joined Mahatma Gandhi's Quit India movement when it was started in 1942. Support for the movement in the Sindh province was such that the British rulers had to send special troops consisting of European battalions. Hemu Kalani found out that a railway train of these troops and their supplies would be passing through his local town and decided to derail it by removing the fishplates from the railway track. This despite the fact that neither he nor his colleagues had the necessary tools and so had to use rope as a means to loosen the fixings.

Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, Hemu Vikramaditya, Raja Vikramaditya or simply Hemu (Hindi: सम्राट हेम चंद्र विक्रमादित्य) (1501–5 November 1556) was a Hindu emperor of India during the sixteenth century AD. This was one of the crucial periods in Indian history, when the Mughals and Afghans were desperately vying for power.

The son of a Hindu priest, who later became a food seller, and a vendor of saltpetre at Rewari, Hemu rose to become Chief of Army and Prime Minister of Adil Shah Suri of the Suri Dynasty. He fought Afghan rebels across North India from the Punjab to Bengal and the Mughal forces of Akbar and Humayun in Agra and Delhi, winning 22 battles continuously, without a single setback.

Hem Chandra acceded to the throne of Delhi on 7 October 1556, assuming the title of "Vikramaditya" that had been earlier adopted by many Hindu kings since the Vedic times. His Rajyabhishek (coronation) as Samrat was held at Purana Quila in Delhi. Hemu re-established the Hindu rule (albeit for a short duration) in North India, after over 350 years of Muslim rule. Some historians say that this rule was on the pattern of a strong Hindu state prevailing in South India for more than three centuries, known as 'Vijaynagar Empire'. Hemu struck coins bearing his title.

Kalani, is an American classically trained percussionist, performer, author, music therapist, and educator. He is a frequent keynote speaker and presenter at national and international conferences and is a certified (level III) Orff Schulwerk specialist. He has recorded percussion with numerous artists including Yanni and Suzanne Ciani, and has won several awards, including #1 Rock/Pop Percussionist through DRUM! Magazine. He has published several instructional books and DVDs, teaching a variety of percussion instruments, including hand drums and small percussion. Kalani presents training programs in the drum circle music approach to expressive arts facilitation.

Kalani received two Bachelor of Music degrees from California State University Northridge, one in percussion performance (1986) and another in Music Therapy (2010). He has received seven awards from DRUM! Magazine for his work as a performing artist, author, percussion clinician, and group drumming leader.

He has toured and/or recorded with such artists as Kenny Loggins, David Sanborn, Max Roach, Barry Manilow, Vic Damone, John Mayall, Chante Moore, Dr. John, Michael Kamen, and Melissa Manchester, and Benise. Kalani has completed five major concert tours with Yanni including the "Reflections of Passion", "Revolution in Sound", "Dare to Dream", "Yanni Live, The Symphony Concerts 1993 and 1994" concert tours and is the featured percussionist on the multi-platinum concert film Yanni Live at the Acropolis. He has performed on numerous other live recordings including Suzanne Ciani and The Wave, and Benise's Nights Of Fire. Kalani is also featured on recordings for Disney, Warner Bros. Records, Tri-Star Pictures, Paramount Studios, The Nature Company, and Jim Henson Records.