Lihyan (Arabic: لحيان) is an ancient Arab kingdom. It was located in northwestern Arabia, and is known for its Old North Arabian inscriptions dating to ca. the 6th to 4th centuries BC. Dedanite is used for the older phase of the history of this kingdom since their capital name was Dedan (see Biblical Dedan), which is now called Al-`Ula oasis located in northwestern Arabia, some 110 km southwest of Teima.

Little is known about the Lihyan kingdom: the Arab genealogies consider the Banu Lihyan to be descended from the Adnanite Arabs from the Hothail tribes. The descendants of Lihyan ibn Hothail founded the Arab kingdom of Lihyan, and presently live in the desert between Mecca and Jeddah.

The ancient Lihyanites were the sons of Lihyan ibn Hothail, the rulers of northwestern Hijjaz before Quraish, and controlled the well of Zamzam along with Quraish and Khoza'ah.

Their cities included Higra, Al-`Ula, Al-Khuraibah, Teima, Oman.^{[citation needed]}

Kings of Lihyan:

Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden ( /oʊˈsɑːmə bɪn moʊˈhɑːmɨd bɪn əˈwɑːd bɪn ˈlɑːdən/; Arabic: أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن‎, ʾUsāmah bin Muḥammad bin ʿAwaḍ bin Lādin; March 10, 1957 – May 2, 2011), was the founder of Al-Qaeda, the jihadist organization responsible for the September 11 attacks on the United States and numerous other mass-casualty attacks against civilian and military targets. He was a member of the wealthy Saudi bin Laden family, and an ethnic Yemeni Kindite.

Bin Laden was on the American Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) lists of Ten Most Wanted Fugitives and Most Wanted Terrorists for his involvement in the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings. From 2001 to 2011, bin Laden was a major target of the War on Terror, with a US$25 million bounty by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. On May 2, 2011, bin Laden was shot and killed inside a private residential compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, by U.S. Navy SEALs and CIA operatives in a covert operation ordered by United States President Barack Obama.