Russia Iran military air defense The S-300VM "Antey-2500" (NATO reporting name SA-23 Gladiator\Giant) is a Russian anti-ballistic missile system. The system is designed to defeat short- and medium-range ballistic missiles, aeroballistic and cruise missiles, fixed wing aircraft, as well as loitering ECM platforms and precision-guided munitions. The 9M82M missile is intended to defeat tactical, theater and medium range ballistic missiles, as well as aerodynamic targets at a range of up to 200 km. The Antey-2500 system is mounted on a tracked cross-country vehicle equipped with self-contained power supply and navigation systems, as well as surveying and positioning equipment. The Antey-2500 air defense missile system features: high degree of battle performance automation owing to high-speed digital computers; phased array radars; advanced radar data processing methods; high ECM immunity; high ability of autonomous operation; high mobility; high firepower potential, irrespective of air attack tactics or sequence; vertical launch from a special transport launch canister; maintenance-free operation of missiles for at least ten years; capability to defeat ballistic missile individual warheads; inertial guidance with radio command update and semi-active homing at the terminal phase; focused detonation of the missile warhead. The Antey-2500 system comprises: command post; circular scan radar; sector scan radar; multichannel missile guidance station (MMGS) (4); 9A83M launcher (24); 9A84M loader-launcher (24); 9M82M air defense missiles; 9M83M air defense missiles; maintenance vehicles; maintenance and repair vehicles; group SPTA set; electronic trainer for MMGS operators; transporter vehicles; set of missiles handling equipment. S-300V: in service starting from 1983; 100 km range S-300VM: 200 km range S-300V4: in production; 300 km range Iran (Listeni/ɪˈrɑːn/[9] or /aɪˈræn/;[10] Persian: ایران‎ [ʔiːˈɾɒn] ( listen)), also known as Persia (/ˈpɜrʒə/ or /ˈpɜrʃə/),[10][11] officially the Islamic Republic of Iran since 1980, is a country in Western Asia.[12][13][14] It is bordered on the north by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan, with Kazakhstan and Russia across the Caspian Sea; on the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; on the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; on the west by Iraq; and on the northwest by Turkey. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest nation in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world; with over 77 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th most populous nation.[12][15] It is the only country that has both a Caspian Sea and Indian Ocean coastline. Russia Listeni/ˈrʌʃə/ or /ˈrʊʃə/ (Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya, IPA: [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation[7] (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya, IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈrat͡sɨjə] ( listen)), is a country situated in northern Eurasia.[8] It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. At 17,075,400 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. Russia is also the world's ninth most populous nation with 143 million people as of 2012.[9] Extending across the entirety of northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans nine time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. Air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action."[1] They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons). It may be used to protect naval, ground and air forces in any location. However, for most countries the main effort has tended to be 'homeland defence'. NATO refers to airborne air defence as counter-air and naval air defence as anti-aircraft warfare. Missile defence is an extension of air defence as are initiatives to adapt air defence to the task of intercepting any projectile in flight. In some countries, such as Britain and Germany during the Second World War, the Soviet Union and NATO's Allied Command Europe, ground based air defence and air defence aircraft have been under integrated command and control. However, while overall air defence may be for homeland defence including military facilities, forces in the field, wherever they are, invariably deploy their own air defence capability if there is an air threat.

• published: 23 Jan 2014
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