Jimmy Heath
Percy Heath and Jimmy (1977)
Background information
Birth name	James Edward Heath
Also known as	Little Bird
Born	(1926-10-25) October 25, 1926 (age 85)
Origin	Philadelphia, PA, United States
Genres	Jazz
Occupations	musician, educator
Instruments	saxophone
Associated acts	Heath Brothers
Website	www.jimmyheath.com

James Edward Heath (born October 25, 1926),^[1] nicknamed Little Bird, is an American jazz saxophonist, composer and arranger. He is the brother of bassist Percy Heath and drummer Albert Heath.

Biography[link]

Jimmy originally played alto saxophone but after the influence of Charlie Parker on his work for Howard McGhee and Dizzy Gillespie in the late 1940s, he earned the nickname "Little Bird" (Parker's nickname was Bird) and he switched to tenor sax.^[1]

He briefly joined Miles Davis's group in 1959, replacing John Coltrane, and also worked with Kenny Dorham and Gil Evans.^[1][2] He recorded extensively as leader and sideman. During the 1960s, he frequently worked with Milt Jackson and Art Farmer.^[1]

In 1975, he and his brothers formed the Heath Brothers, also featuring pianist Stanley Cowell.^[1]

Heath composed most of the 1956 Chet Baker and Art Pepper album Playboys.^[1]

In the 1980s, he joined the faculty of the Aaron Copland School of Music at Queens College in the City University of New York. With the rank of Professor, he led the creation of the Jazz Program at Queens College and attracted prominent musicians such as Donald Byrd to the campus. He also served on the Board of the Louis Armstrong Archives on campus, and the restoration and management of the Louis and Lucille Armstrong Residence in Corona, Queens, near his own home.^[3] In addition to teaching at Queens College for over twenty years, he has also taught at Jazzmobile.^[2] Heath was a recipient of the 2003 NEA Jazz Masters Award.^[2] In 2004, he was awarded an honorary Doctorate in Human Letters.^[4]

Heath is the father of R&B songwriter/musician James Mtume.^[5]

Discography[link]

This section requires expansion.

As leader[link]

• 1959: The Thumper (Riverside Records)
• 1959: Nice People (Original Jazz Classics)
• 1960: Really Big! (Riverside Records)
• 1961: The Quota (Riverside Records)
• 1962: Triple Threat (Riverside Records)
• 1963: Fast Company (Milestone Records)
• 1963: Swamp Seed (Riverside Records)
• 1964: On the Trail (Riverside Records)
• 1972: The Gap Sealer (Cobblestone Records)
• 1972: Jimmy (Muse Records)
• 1973: Love and Understanding (Xanadu Records)
• 1974: Time and the Place (Landmark Records)
• 1975: Picture of Heath (Xanadu Records)
• 1975: Marchin' On (Strata East Records)
• 1979: In Motion (Columbia Records)
• 1985: New Picture (Landmark Records)
• 1987: Peer Pleasure (Landmark Records)
• 1992: Little Man, Big Band (Verve Records)
• 1994: You've Changed (Steeplechase Records)
• 1995: You or Me (Steeplechase Records)
• 2006: Turn Up the Heath (Planet Arts Recordings)
• 2009: Endurance (Jazz Legacy Productions)

As sideman[link]

• 1948: Howard McGhee – The Howard McGhee Sextet with Milt Jackson
• 1959: Blue Mitchell – Blue Soul (Riverside)
• 1960: Nat Adderley – That's Right! (Riverside)
• 1960: Kenny Dorham – Show Boat (Time)
• 1961: Milt Jackson – Vibrations (Atlantic)
• 1962: Blue Mitchell – A Sure Thing (Riverside)
• 1962: Curtis Fuller – Soul Trombone (Impulse!)
• 1962: Milt Jackson – Big Bags (Riverside)
• 1962: Milt Jackson – Invitation (Riverside)
• 1962: Pony Poindexter – Pony's Express
• 1962: Milt Jackson – Statements (Impulse!)
• 1963: Milt Jackson – Milt Jackson Quintet Live at the Village Gate (Riverside)
• 1964: Milt Jackson – Jazz 'n' Samba (Impulse!)
• 1964: Milt Jackson – In a New Setting (Limelight)
• 1965: Milt Jackson – Ray Brown / Milt Jackson with Ray Brown (Verve)
• 1965: Donald Byrd – Up with Donald Byrd (Verve)
• 1965: Cal Tjader – Soul Sauce (Verve)
• 1966: Milt Jackson – Born Free (Limelight)
• 1969: Herbie Hancock – Baraka (Jazz World)
• 1970: Herbie Mann – Big Boss Mann
• 1974: Red Garland – The Quota
• 1974: Milt Jackson – Olinga (CTI)
• 1976: Stanley Cowell – Regeneration
• 2006: Nancy Wilson – Turned to Blue

With Continuum

• Mad About Tadd (1980, Palo Alto Records)^[6]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Personal website
• Brotherly Jazz:The Heath Brothers DVD Documentary
• Jimmy Heath's oral history video excerpts at The National Visionary Leadership Project

Mulgrew Miller
Photographer: Bob Travis
Background information
Born	August 13, 1955
Origin	Greenwood, Mississippi
Genres	Jazz
Occupations	Musician
Instruments	Piano

Mulgrew Miller (born August 13, 1955 in Greenwood, Mississippi) is an American jazz pianist who performs in a number of jazz idioms. He began his career as member of Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers.^[1]

Biography[link]

In a childhood filled with early musical experiences, mostly playing gospel music in his church and R&B and blues at dances. Miller was interested in jazz piano, and established a trio in high school that would play at cocktail parties. Miller admits that they did not really know what they were doing and were merely "approaching jazz". Miller is said to have set his mind definitely to becoming a jazz pianist after seeing Oscar Peterson on television. Much of Miller's playing has the same technical prowess so often connected with Peterson. Currently, he maintains a working trio with Ivan Taylor on bass, and Rodney Green on drums. He has released four albums to date with Derrick Hodge (bass) and Karriem Riggins (drums) (both on the label MAXJAZZ): Live At Yoshi's Vol. 1 (2004), Live At Yoshi's Vol. 2 (2005), Live At The Kennedy Center Vol. 1 (2006), and Live At The Kennedy Center Vol. 2 (2007).

On May 20, 2006, Miller was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Performing Arts at Lafayette College's 171st Commencement Exercises.

Miller currently resides in Easton, Pennsylvania. As of 2006 he is the Director of Jazz Studies at William Paterson University. He was the Artist in Residence at Lafayette College for 2008-2009.

Discography[link]

As leader[link]

• 1985: Keys to the City (Landmark Records)
• 1986: Work (Landmark)
• 1987: Wingspan (32 Jazz)
• 1988: The Countdown (Landmark)
• 1990: From Day to Day (Landmark)
• 1991: Time and Again (Landmark)
• 1992: Landmarks (Landmark)
• 1992: Hand In Hand (Novus Records)
• 1993: With Our Own Eyes (Novus)
• 1995: Getting to Know You (Novus)
• 2002: The Sequel (MAXJAZZ)
• 2004: Live At Yoshi's, Vol. 1 (MAXJAZZ)
• 2005: Live at Yoshi's, Vol. 2 (MAXJAZZ)
• 2006: Live at the Kennedy Center Vol. 1 (MAXJAZZ)
• 2007: Live at the Kennedy Center: Vol. 2 (MAXJAZZ)
• 2010: Solo (Solo, Socadisc Records)

^[2]

As sideman[link]

This section requires expansion.

With Art Blakey

• New York Scene (1984)
• Blue Night (1985)
• Live at Kimball's (1985)
• Live at Sweet Basil (1985)

With Stefon Harris

• A Cloud of Red Dust (1998)

With Benny Golson

• Live (1995)

With Betty Carter

• It's Not About the Melody (1992)

With Ron Carter

• The Golden Striker (2003)

With Kenny Garrett

• Introducing Kenny Garrett (1985)
• Garrett 5 (1989)
• African Exchange Student (1990)
• Beyond The Wall (2006)

With Antonio Hart

• For the First Time (1991)

With Freddie Hubbard and Woody Shaw

• Double Take (1985)
• The Eternal Triangle (1987)

With Joe Lovano

• Tenor Legacy (Blue Note, 1993)
• Quartets: Live at the Village Vanguard (Blue Note, 1995)

With Charles McPherson

• Come Play With Me (1995)

With Lewis Nash

• Jazz Museum - Tribute to Great Artists (2008)

With Nicholas Payton

• From This Moment (1994)

With Wallace Roney

• Verses (1987)
• Intuition (1988)
• The Standard Bearer (1989)

With Woody Shaw

• Live Volume 3 (1977)
• Master of the Art (1982)
• Lotus Flower (1982)
• United (1981)

With Alex Sipiagin

• Mirages (2009)

With Terell Stafford

• New Beginnings (2003)

With Superblue

• Superblue (1988, Blue Note Records)^[3]

With Myron Walden

• Hypnosis (1996)

With John Stubblefield

• Confessin' (Soul Note, 1984)
• Countin’ the Blues (Enja Records, 1987)

With Tony Williams

• Foreign Intrigue (1986)
• Civilization (1987)
• Angel Street (1988)
• Native Heart (1990)
• Young At Heart (1998)

With Cassandra Wilson

• Blue Skies (JMT, 1988)

With Warren Wolf

• Incredible Jazz Vibes (2005)
• Black Wolf (2009)

With John D'Earth

• Restoration Comedy (2000)

With Pierrick Pedron

• Deep In A Dream (2007)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Mulgrew Miller Official Web Site.

Ben Michael Kinsella (October 27, 1991 – June 29, 2008) was a 16-year-old English student at Holloway School.^[1] Kinsella was murdered by a gang of black men^[2] in Islington, London after an argument in which he was described as "blameless".^[3] The significant media attention around his murder (the 17th stabbing death of a teenager in London during 2008)^[4] led to a series of anti-knife crime demonstrations, a raised profile for the government's anti-knife crime maxim "Operation Blunt 2"^[1] and a review and change of UK knife crime sentencing laws.^[5]

The victim[link]

Kinsella was born the son of cab driver George Kinsella and his wife Deborah, a school secretary. He has a half-brother, 3 half-sisters and a younger, full sister.^{[citation needed]} Like his older sister Brooke Kinsella, who played Kelly Taylor in the BBC soap opera EastEnders from 2001 to 2004, Kinsella had been involved in acting and he had a bit part as Tyrone Dooley in a 2004 episode of The Bill.^[2]

Kinsella was a very popular and academically gifted student. Friends spoke of his caring and comical nature adding he was "full of energy" and that he was "the life and soul of his class".^[6]

Kinsella was threatened by a knife^[1] whilst working part-time at Zebedee's Cafe in Islington when preventing the theft of a mountain bike.^[7] Kinsella later wrote a letter to the UK's Prime Minister Gordon Brown as part of his English GCSE coursework, urging him to stamp out knife crime. It suggested parenting classes, curfews and youth clubs as possible solutions.^[8] The letter was later forwarded to Brown by his family.

Ironically, Kinsella had also written a creative writing piece where he imagined his own death from stabbing, the full text of which has been reproduced in the media.^[9]

In August 2008, it was reported he passed all his GCSEs receiving two grade A*, three As, four Bs and one C.^[10]

As an aspiring graphic designer, Kinsella had also produced a design of the letter "K" that became a symbol against knife violence.

The attack[link]

On June 28, 2008, Kinsella was out celebrating the end of his GCSE examinations with friends in Shillibeers Brasserie Bar, North Road, London.^[11] During this time, an altercation broke out between his friend Alfie and a man named Osman Ozdemir over the simple phrase "What are you looking at?"^[11] Having been separated by a door supervisor, a friend of Ozdemir's, Jade Braithwaite was heard saying phrases including "Tell your boy if he wants trouble, I've got my tool on me and it will open you up",^[11] "I'll stab people up",^[12] "If you want it, I'll give it to you"^[3] and "Don't you know who I am?".^[13] Braithwaite was also said to be frequently motioning to the inside of his jeans as if he had a weapon.^[12] The altercation between Alfie and Ozdemir went outside the bar, where Ozdemir and another of Braithwaite's friends were glassed. Braithwaite and his friends subsequently fled the scene.

Shortly before 02:00 on June 29 Kinsella and his friends decided to return home. When they noticed they were being followed his friends began to run. Kinsella however did not, it is thought because he knew he had nothing to do with the earlier disturbance. He then crossed over the road in order to distance himself.^[14] He was then jointly cornered between two white vans^[11] by Braithwaite, Michael Alleyne and Juress Kika. As the three closed in on him he was heard pleading, "What are you coming over to me for? I haven't done anything".^[11] Moments later, Kinsella was kicked and punched to the ground, receiving 11 stab wounds to the chest and back in a period witnesses testified to be only a 5-second duration.^[15] Two wounds entered his lungs (causing his lung to collapse) and another inflicted with such force that it went straight through his third rib, splitting it, before entering the top of his heart.^[11] His pulmonary artery had also been punctured and some of his wounds were nearly seven inches deep.^[16] His hands also suffered stab wounds, indicating that he tried to fend off the knives. CCTV footage showed Kinsella stagger from the scene^[17] where he was supported by his friend Louis, the son of Birds of a Feather actress Linda Robson.^[18] Despite surgeons' best efforts, Kinsella was pronounced dead at 07:24 as a result of blood loss from the numerous stab wounds. It was reported Kinsella had lost thirty pints of blood, the average teenage body holding only seven.^[19]

Demonstrations[link]

After Kinsella's murder, an estimated 400 teenagers joined a demonstration to highlight concerns over the UK's growing knife crime culture. In the march organised by 16-year-old Brooke Dunford via the website Facebook, they marched from Islington Town Hall to the site of Kinsella's murder at the junction of North Road and York Way, passing by Shillibeers nightclub in silence. The crowd were heard chanting "What are we here for? Ben. Why are we here? No knives."^[4]

Kinsella's funeral was attended by around 1000 mourners including public figures such as Michelle Ryan, Gillian Taylforth, James Alexandrou and Jeremy Corbyn, MP.^[20] The father of Damilola Taylor was also present.^[20]

The Kinsella family made numerous media appearances campaigning against knives and set up a fund to raise awareness of the effects of gun and knife crime.^[21]

The three murderers[link]

The three men accused and later convicted of Kinsella's murder were:

Jade Darrell Braithwaite[link]

Braithwaite (also known as "J-Man"^[22]), of Bow, London, was aged 19 at the time of Kinsella's murder and 20 at the time of sentencing. With a height of 6'6",^[23] Braithwaite had hoped to become a professional goalkeeper^[24] and played in an Islington youth league until its closure when he was 14.^[25] He had also worked as a coach at a local leisure centre.^[24] Prior to the murder, Braithwaite had a reprimand for possession of cannabis and was convicted of attempted theft of a laptop computer from a fellow teenager. He was given a one-year detention and training order in 2006^[23] but during 2007 his sentence was cut on appeal to community service.^[26]

Michael Leroy Alleyne[link]

Alleyne (also known as "Tigger"^[26] due to his dreadlocks^[23]), of Islington, London, was aged 18 both at the time of Kinsella's murder and at the time of sentencing. He had been released three months earlier from a young offender institution after serving just half his sentence and was under the supervision of the council's youth offending team at the time of the murder.^[23] Alleyne had a criminal record including shoplifting, robbery, motor vehicle theft and drug dealing of crack cocaine and heroin.^[26][27] Alleyne's electronic tag was removed just weeks prior to the attack.^[24] He had also previously been in custody for robbery of a mobile phone.^[24] He was also known to "terrorise" council estate tenants with his 2 Staffordshire Bull Terriers.^[23][28] Alleyne is also alleged to have pulled a gun on a young member of his own gang.^[23]

Juress Kika[link]

Kika (also known as "Dubzy"^[26]), of Islington, London, was aged 18 at the time of Kinsella's murder and 19 at the time of sentencing by which time he had a child born.^[23] He was born the son of an Angolan minicab driver named Joao and was mostly raised by his mother.^[24] He was first cautioned aged 11, the same year he stabbed 14-year-old Robert Parker in the back with a 3-inch blade before calmly walking away, although he was not prosecuted because of his age.^[29] Kika was on the run from police for a stabbing and robbery incident 9 days prior to the murder over a drugs argument.^[30] He had also received convictions for robbery, affray and obstructing a constable.^[31]

Each was unemployed at the time of the murder and all have been alleged to have been involved in the same drug-dealing group^[16] named the Market Massiv'.^[23] A journalist investigating the group claimed Alleyne to be the gang's leader, with Braithwaite as an enforcer and Kika as a foot soldier.^[23] It is also claimed that the gang set up dogfights to gamble on.^[23] Conflicts also existed between them and another gang who pistol-whipped Alleyne.^[23]

Evidence[link]

The prosecution amassed a large amount of evidence that was used during the 7-week trial.

Witnesses, forensics and apprehension[link]

All three defendants were witnessed running together at Kinsella prior to the murder and later standing together shortly afterwards. Alleyne and Kika were then seen going to Alleyne's father's flat. This flat was raided by police shortly afterwards, but Alleyne and Kika had already walked through a police cordon^[32] and fled to Alleyne's cousin's flat in Chadwell Heath where they were apprehended after running along rooftops. Alleyne's father had originally indicated that Alleyne and Kika returned to the flat around 02.30, but changed his statement six months later, claiming it was confused due to an injury he received during the raid itself.^[32] When giving testimony, Alleyne's father admitted that his son had said to him, "If it hadn't been for you, I wouldn't be in this mess".^[32]

72 spots of Kinsella's blood were later identified on a pair of Alleyne's jeans^[33] that he handed to his sister to dispose of, and traces were also found on Kika's belt.^[12]

Several of Kinsella's friends also testified about Braithwaite's activities in Shillibeers nightclub.^[34][35]

Alleyne's cousin Kellie later claimed that Alleyne and Kika had confessed the murder to her.^[36]

After handing himself in to the police,^[16] Braithwaite first claimed that he did not know either Alleyne or Kika. Later he claimed he had seen Alleyne stab Kinsella but he had not been involved himself. He stated that Alleyne had a reputation for using weapons and was concerned about the impact that telling the police would have upon his family.^[26] No forensic evidence was found in relation to Braithwaite, however police found some of his clothes had been washed in bleach.

Despite belief at one stage that knives used in the murder were found, the police never found the murder weapon(s) involved.^[30]

Both Alleyne and Kika answered "no comment" to all questions asked during their police interviews.

Letter from Alleyne to Kellie[link]

Aware that his cousin Kellie was going to give evidence against him, Alleyne wrote a threatening letter to her from jail, reading:

To Slag aka snitch, You are a let down to the family. You are not my cousin, believe that. How are you gonna give my letters to boyden and be snitching on me? You are not real at all. When will I see you? Your mum's still on road, so be careful how you move. You don't know how I move on road. I'm a boss. People in the North no [sic] who I am. Fuck that. When the shit hits the fan, you snitch.

I don't know who the fuck you are, you don't try to keep me out of jail. I'm a real nigga and you ask your dad about me, he's seen things. You all best hope I don't bust case because people will be in trouble and you will never snitch on anyone again, I promise you that.

Say no more, I am ghost. I ain't got time to rite [sic] to snitches, family that's not real. I got your statements, everyone will know that Kellie is a snitch. You see, snitches get touched.

You see blood, Tottenham ride or die. All the family knows you are a snitch so if I get found guilty it's down to you.

—Michael Alleyne, quoted in The Daily Mail, June 12, 2009

This letter subsequently became a major part of the Crown's case against Alleyne.

Covert tape[link]

Police obtained a license to record Braithwaite, Alleyne and Kika in the back of a police van, where they were able to establish that the three knew each other.

The tape showed Braithwaite offering Alleyne and Kika money for saying that he was not present at the murder scene. Kika was also heard discussing getting a "teardrop" (alleged to be referring to a teardrop tattoo to mark him as having been involved in a murder) and discussing "fixing" the person who records the CCTV for the area.^[22] Kika is also heard saying "See when it happened yeah it was kinda like a quick ting [sic] like boom, went down the road, come back up, boom, finished. You get what I'm saying?" - apparently in relation to the murder itself.^[22]

Additionally, Alleyne was heard on the tape discussing disposing of evidence.^[13]

Braithwaite is heard on the tape trying to bribe the others to say he was not there^[22] and also revealed on the tape that the Clerkenwell crime syndicate, better known as the Adams family, had made threats against Kinsella's murderers, indicating that each was a "marked man."^[37]

Trial[link]

The trial took place at The Old Bailey Central Criminal Court, London.

On October 13, 2008 all three defendants pled not guilty to the charge of murder.^[38] A 7-week trial began at the Old Bailey on April 27, 2009. The judge was the Common Serjeant of London, Brian Barker, QC.^[39] The Crown Prosecution Service was represented by Nicholas Hilliard, QC^[17] and Duncan Penny. Braithwaite was represented by Orlando Pownall, QC^[40] and Nerida Hartford-Bell.^[39] Alleyne was represented by Sallie Bennett-Jenkins, QC^[39] and Z. Ahmed. Kika was represented by Diana Ellis, QC and James Nichol.^[39]

During the course of the trial, both Braithwaite and Alleyne took the witness stand. Braithwaite claimed that Kinsella had thrown a punch at him, although there was no supporting evidence of this. After this, Braithwaite claimed he saw Alleyne carry out the murder.^[30] Braithwaite also claimed that a friend of Alleyne had punched him in the cells of the Old Bailey whilst he was handcuffed to a wall. Alleyne claimed that he had been contacted by Braithwaite and asked to back him following the dispute at Shillibeers, although no phone records identified a call between Braithwaite and Alleyne prior to the attack. Kika exercised his right to silence and did not take the witness stand.^[41]

Having retired to consider their verdict on June 9,^[42] the jury returned on June 11 with a unaminous verdict of guilty in relation to all three defendants.^[43] The victim's mother, Deborah Kinsella, then read out a victim impact statement in court following the verdict, the full text to which can be found online.^[44]

On June 12, the judge gave each defendant a life sentence with a minimum tariff of 19 years.^[39] Sentencing them the judge described the attack on Kinsella as "brutal, cowardly and totally unjustified" adding that their actions that night "defies belief". He continued saying that there was "no possible excuse" for such an "arrogant and unfeeling attack on someone who had done nothing".^[45] He also condemned them for picking on "an obviously younger and smaller lone victim" and for their total lack of remorse.^[46]

The accused were jeered at by members of the public gallery with cries of "Bye bye" and "Enjoy your porridge."^[39] Kika and Alleyne gestured back at the gallery as if they were firing guns.^[47] Angry scenes also took place between the victim's and defendants' families^[46] after one of the accused's mothers spat^[48] on Kinsella's cousin Sam whilst shouting "I love you, baby." Another person connected to one of the accused attempted to kick one of Kinsella's friends in the head.^[48]

Aftermath[link]

After the trial, the Kinsella family called for stronger sentences for knife crimes. Kinsella's father was quoted as saying "If you murder someone with a gun, the starting tariff is 30 years. But if you do it with a knife, it's 15 years."^[49] The UK's Secretary of State for Justice, Jack Straw agreed to carry out a review of knife crime sentencing laws shortly afterwards.^[5] The Kinsella family said that to them, "life should mean life," although it is not possible in English law to give a whole life tariff to murderers under the age of 21.^[50] A review of the sentencing by the Attorney General for England and Wales, Baroness Scotland determined that the sentencing would not be referred to the Court of Appeal as "unduly lenient".^[51]

A 50 minute documentary entitled My Brother Ben: Brooke Kinsella's Story was aired on BBC One on June 16, 2009. It followed Brooke Kinsella's investigation of the underlying causes of knife crime during the period from her brother's death to the end of the court case. Brooke also travelled to New York to see prisons using short, sharp shock treatments to rehabilitate young offenders. The documentary also points out the success of Operation Blunt 2, which carried out over 290,000 stop and searches, leading to over 10,000 arrests and the confiscation of over 5,500 knives within the timeline of the documentary.^[1]

A book by Brooke Kinsella, entitled Why Ben?: A Sister's Story of Heartbreak and Love for the Brother She Lost was released on September 3, 2009.

On 5 October 2009 the media released extracts of a letter written by Alleyne in prison to his fellow gang members. Within the letter, he boasted of being "the king of swagger", referring to his gang as the "stab gang". He also bragged about "taming" the prison where he is serving his life sentence.^[52]

On 25 January the Sun newspaper reported that Jade Braithwaite had been using a Facebook account he set up from jail, reportedly from a smuggled BlackBerry, to taunt Ben's family.^[53]

Appeal[link]

On June 28, 2009, it was reported that all three killers were set to appeal against their sentences stating the tariff was "too harsh".^[54] They claim that the publicity surrounding the case was a factor in their sentences. On 13 November 2009 Juress Kika lost his appeal to challenge his 19 year sentence. He argued his sentence was "manifestly excessive," however The Lord Judge, Mr Justice Penry-Davey and Mr Justice Henriques rejected this statement saying that the term could not "remotely" be described as excessive. They concluded that "there is no true mitigation. There was no guilty plea, no remorse, and no insight into the devastation that had been caused". They accepted that the applicant was young when the murder was committed but added that Kika " knew exactly what he was doing. They all did". "They were all equally involved. They all intended to kill the young victim. They had hunted him down and mercilessly done him to death to revenge an insignificant slight for which he bore no responsibility whatsoever."^[55]

They stated that Ben did not say or do anything which could even be misinterpreted as provocation, adding that "All that this boy wanted to do was to get away from trouble. But - we cannot mince words - he was cut down before he could reach safety.".^[56]

Change in sentencing law[link]

After agreeing on request by the Kinsella family and due to the public outrage surrounding the case, Justice Secretary Jack Straw announced the minimum tariff for murders committed with a knife will rise from 15 to 25 years. This new development is being branded "Ben's Law" and Ben's father George hopes the new law will act as a deterrent to anyone who is thinking of carrying a knife.^[57]

References[link]