Andrew Henry Vachss (born 1942) is an American crime fiction author, child protection consultant, and attorney exclusively representing children and youths. He is also a founder and national advisory board member of PROTECT: The National Association to Protect Children.

Vachss' last name rhymes with "tax". He is a native New Yorker.

Biography

Before becoming a lawyer, Vachss held many front-line positions in child protection. He was a federal investigator in sexually transmitted diseases, and a New York City social-services caseworker. He worked in Biafra, entering the war zone just before the fall of the country. There he worked to find a land route to bring donated food and medical supplies across the border after the seaports were blocked and Red Cross airlifts banned by the Nigerian government; however, all attempts ultimately failed, resulting in rampant starvation. After he returned and recovered from his injuries, Vachss studied community organizing in 1970 under Saul Alinsky. He worked as a labor organizer and ran a self-help center for urban migrants in Chicago. He then managed a re-entry program for ex-convicts in Massachusetts, and finally directed a maximum-security prison for violent juvenile offenders.

As an attorney, Vachss represents only children and adolescents. In addition to his private practice, he serves as a law guardian in New York state. In every child abuse or neglect case, state law requires the appointment of a law guardian, a lawyer who represents the child's interests during the legal proceedings.

Writings

Andrew Vachss is the author of 25 novels and two collections of short stories, as well as poetry, plays, song lyrics, and graphic novels. As a novelist, he is perhaps best known for his Burke series of hardboiled mysteries; ''Another Life'' constituted the finale to the series.

Since completing the Burke series, Vachss has focused on stand-alone works. His 2009 novel, ''Haiku'', focuses on the troubled lives of a band of homeless men in New York City. In 2010, Vachss published two books. Released in November, Vachss' novel ''The Weight'', is a noir romance involving a professional thief and a young widow in hiding. ''Heart Transplant'', an illustrated novel in an experimental design, was released in October. It tells the story of an abused and bullied young boy who finds his inner strength with the help of an unexpected mentor.

Vachss has also written non-fiction, including numerous articles and essays on child protection and a book on juvenile criminology. His books have been translated into 20 languages, and his shorter works have appeared in many publications, including ''Parade'', ''Antaeus'', ''Esquire'', ''Playboy'', and the ''New York Times''. Vachss' literary awards include the Grand Prix de Littérature Policiére, for ''Strega'' [as ''La Sorcière de Brooklyn'']; the Falcon Award, Maltese Falcon Society of Japan, for ''Strega;'' the Deutsche Krimi Preis for ''Flood'' [as ''Kata'']; and the Raymond Chandler Award for his body of work.

Andrew Vachss is a member of PEN and the Writers Guild of America. His autobiographical essay was added by invitation to ''Contemporary Authors'' in 2003.

Child protection

Many Vachss novels feature the shadowy, unlicensed investigator Burke, an ex-con, career criminal, and deeply conflicted character. About his protagonist, Vachss says:

Vachss coined the phrase "Children of the Secret", which refers to abused children, of whatever age, who were victimized without ever experiencing justice, much less love and protection. In the Burke novels, some of these Children of the Secret have banded together as adults into what Vachss calls a "family of choice". Their connection is not biological, and their bond goes well beyond mere loyalty. Most are career criminals; none allows the law to come before the duty to family.

Dogs

Another important theme that pervades Vachss' work is his love of dogs, particularly breeds considered "dangerous," such as Doberman pinschers, rottweilers, and especially pit bulls. Throughout his writings, Vachss asserts that with dogs, just as with humans, "you get what you raise."

He is a passionate advocate against animal abuse such as dog-fighting, and against breed-specific legislative bans. With fellow crime writer James Colbert, Vachss has trained dogs to serve as therapy dogs for abused children. The dogs have a calming effect on traumatized children. Vachss notes that using these particular breeds further increases the victims' feelings of security; their "dangerous" appearance, in combination with the extensive therapy training, makes them excellent protection against human threats. During her time as chief prosecutor, Alice Vachss regularly brought one such trained dog, Sheba, to work with abused children being interviewed at the Special Victims Bureau.

Alice Vachss

Vachss' wife, Alice, was a sex crimes prosecutor, and later became Chief of the Special Victims Bureau in Queens, NY. She is the author of the non-fiction book ''Sex Crimes: Ten Years on the Front Lines Prosecuting Rapists and Confronting Their Collaborators,'' a ''New York Times'' Notable Book of the Year.

Bibliography

''The Burke series''

#''Flood'' (1985) #''Strega'' (1987) #''Blue Belle'' (1988) #''Hard Candy'' (1989) #''Blossom'' (1990) #''Sacrifice'' (1991) #''Down in the Zero'' (1994) #''Footsteps of the Hawk'' (1995) #''False Allegations'' (1996) #''Safe House'' (1998) #''Choice of Evil'' (1999) #''Dead and Gone'' (2000) #''Pain Management'' (2001) #''Only Child'' (2002) #''Down Here'' (2004) #''Mask Market'' (2006) #''Terminal'' (2007) #''Another Life'' (2008)

''Other novels''

#''A Bomb Built in Hell'' (1973) #''Shella'' (1993) #''Batman: The Ultimate Evil'' (1995) #''The Getaway Man'' (2003) #''Two Trains Running'' (2005) #''Haiku'' (2009) #''The Weight'' (November 9, 2010)

''Short story collections''

#''Born Bad'' (1994) #''Everybody Pays'' (1999) #''Proving It'' (2001) Audiobook collection. #''Dog Stories'' Online collection.

''Graphic novels and series''

#''Hard Looks'' (1992–93) Ten-volume series. #''Batman: The Ultimate Evil'' (1995) Two-volume graphic novel. #''Cross'' (1995) Seven-volume series with James Colbert. #''Predator: Race War'' (1993) Five-volume series; (1995) Single-volume graphic novel, collection of 1993 series. #''Alamaailma'' (1997) Finnish graphic novel, illustrating two of the "Underground" short stories from ''Born Bad''. #''Hard Looks'' (1996, 2002) Single-volume trade paperback. #''Another Chance To Get It Right: A Children's Book for Adults'' (1993, 1995) (Reprinted with additional material, 2003) #''Heart Transplant'' (October 19, 2010)

''Plays''

#''Placebo'' (in ''Antaeus'', 1991) #''Warlord'' (in ''Born Bad'', 1994) #''Replay'' (in ''Born Bad'', 1994)

===Non-fiction=== #''The Life-Style Violent Juvenile: The Secure Treatment Approach'' (Lexington, 1979) #''The Child Abuse-Delinquency Connection — A Lawyer's View'' (Lexington, 1989) #''PARADE Magazine'' Articles (1985-2006) #Other Articles and Essays

Honors and awards

A/V Peer Review (highest rating) by Martindale-Hubbell

LL.D. (Hon.) Case Western Reserve University, 2004

First Annual Harvey R. Houck Award (Justice for Children) 2003

First Annual Illuminations Award (St. Vincent's Center National Child Abuse Prevention Program) 2003

John Hay Whitney Foundation Fellow, 1976

Industrial Areas Foundation Training Institute Fellow, 1970

See also

Child abuse

Child pornography

Child sexual abuse

Emotional abuse

References

External links

''The Zero'' - Official web site of Andrew Vachss

''Two Trains Running'' - A Reader's Guide

Audio interviews:

KBOO Portland radio interview

Dave Marsh radio interview

Print interviews:

''The Cult'' interview by Rob W. Hart

''The Independent (Ireland)'' interview by Ian O'Doherty

Amazon interview of Andrew Vachss on his final Burke novel

Video interview:

''Family of Choice'' webcast

Category:American crime fiction writers Category:American criminologists Category:American essayists Category:American graphic novelists Category:American lawyers Category:American legal writers Category:American novelists Category:American short story writers Category:Bob Clampett Humanitarian Award winners Category:Case Western Reserve University alumni Category:Child abuse Category:Living people Category:People from Manhattan Category:People from New York City Category:Writers from New York Category:1942 births

de:Andrew Vachss es:Andrew Vachss id:Andrew Vachss it:Andrew Vachss nl:Andrew Vachss ja:アンドリュー・ヴァクス sv:Andrew Vachss

Coordinates	42°42′56″N170°58′5″N
birth date	August 18, 1933
birth place	Paris, France
birth name	Rajmund Roman Thierry Polański
spouse	Barbara Lass(1959–1962, divorced)Sharon Tate (1968–1969; her death)Emmanuelle Seigner(1989–present)
years active	1953–present
occupation	Actor, director, producer, screenwriter
notable works	''Knife in the Water'', ''Repulsion'', ''Rosemary's Baby'', ''Chinatown'', ''The Pianist''
style	Psychological, Surrealistic, Noir, Black comedy
citizenship	Franco-Polish
residence	France
alma mater	National Film School in Łódź
children	Daughter and son }}

Roman Polanski (born 1933) is a French-Polish film director, producer, writer and actor. Having made films in Poland, Britain, France and the USA, he is considered one of the few "truly international filmmakers." Polanski's films have inspired diverse directors, including the Coen Brothers, Atom Egoyan, Darren Aronofsky, Park Chan-wook, Abel Ferrara, and Wes Craven.

Born in Paris to Polish parents, he moved with his family back to Poland in 1937, shortly before the outbreak of World War II. He survived the Holocaust and was educated in Poland and became a director of both art house and commercial films.

World War II

The Polański family moved back to the Polish city of Kraków in 1936, and were living there when World War II began with the invasion of Poland. Neither of Polanski's parents were religious. Kraków was soon occupied by the German forces, and Nazi racial and religious purity laws made the Polańskis targets of persecution, forcing them into the Kraków Ghetto, along with thousands of the city's Jews. In the 1950s Polanski took up acting, appearing in Andrzej Wajda's ''Pokolenie'' (''A Generation'', 1954) and in the same year in Silik Sternfeld's ''Zaczarowany rower'' (''Enchanted Bicycle'' or ''Magical Bicycle''). Polanski's directorial debut was also in 1955 with a short film ''Rower'' (''Bicycle''). ''Rower'' is a semi-autobiographical feature film, believed to be lost, which also starred Polanski. It refers to his real-life violent altercation with a notorious Kraków felon, Janusz Dziuba, who arranged to sell Polanski a bicycle, but instead beat him badly and stole his money. In real life the offender was arrested while fleeing after fracturing Polanski's skull, and executed for three murders, out of eight prior such assaults, which he had committed. Several other short films made during his study at Łódź gained him considerable recognition, particularly ''Two Men and a Wardrobe'' (1958) and ''When Angels Fall'' (1959). He graduated in 1959.

Film director

1960s

;''Knife in the Water'' (1962) Polanski's first feature-length film, ''Knife in the Water'', was also the first significant Polish film after World War II that did not have a war theme. Scripted by Jerzy Skolimowski, Jakub Goldberg and Polanski, ''Knife in the Water'' is about a wealthy, unhappily married couple who decide to take a mysterious hitchhiker with them on a weekend boating excursion. A dark and unsettling work, Polanski's debut feature subtly evinces a profound pessimism about human relationships with regard to the psychological dynamics and moral consequences of status envy and sexual jealousy. ''Knife in the Water'' was a major commercial success in the West and gave Polanski an international reputation. The film also earned its director his first Academy Award nomination (Best Foreign Language Film, 1963).

Polanski left then-communist Poland and moved to France, where he had already made two notable short films in 1961: ''The Fat and the Lean'' and ''Mammals''. While in France, Polanski contributed one segment ("La rivière de diamants") to the French-produced omnibus film, ''Les plus belles escroqueries du monde'' (English title: ''The Beautiful Swindlers'') in 1964. However, Polanski found that in the early 1960s the French film industry was generally unwilling to support a rising filmmaker whom they viewed as a cultural Pole and not a Frenchman.

;''Repulsion'' (1965) Polanski made three feature films in England, based on original scripts written by himself and Gérard Brach, a frequent collaborator. ''Repulsion'' (1965) is a psychological horror film focusing on a young Belgian woman named Carol (Catherine Deneuve), who is living in London with her older sister (Yvonne Furneaux). The film's themes, situations, visual motifs, and effects clearly reflect the influence of early surrealist cinema as well as horror movies of the 1950s – particularly Luis Buñuel's ''Un chien Andalou'', Jean Cocteau's ''The Blood of a Poet'', Henri-Georges Clouzot's ''Diabolique'' and Alfred Hitchcock's ''Psycho''.

;''Cul-de-sac'' (1966) ''Cul-de-sac'' (1966) is a bleak nihilist tragicomedy filmed on location in Northumberland. The general tone and the basic premise of the film owes a great deal to Samuel Beckett's ''Waiting for Godot'', along with aspects of Harold Pinter's ''The Birthday Party''.

;''The Fearless Vampire Killers/Dance of the Vampires'' (1967) ''The Fearless Vampire Killers'' (1967) (known by its original title, "Dance of the Vampires" in most countries outside the US) is a parody of vampire films. The plot concerns a buffoonish professor and his clumsy assistant, Alfred (played by Polanski), who are traveling through Transylvania in search of vampires. The ironic and macabre ending is considered classic Polanski. ''The Fearless Vampire Killers'' was Polanski's first feature to be photographed in color with the use of Panavision lenses, and included a striking visual style with snow-covered, fairy-tale landscapes, similar to the work of Soviet fantasy filmmakers. In addition, the richly textured color schemes of the settings evoke the magical, kaleidoscopic paintings of the great Russian-Jewish artist Marc Chagall, who provides the namesake for the innkeeper in the film. The film was written for Jack MacGowran, who played the lead role of Professor Abronsius.

Polanski met Sharon Tate while the film was being made, where she played the role of the local innkeeper's daughter. They were married in London on 1968.

;''Rosemary's Baby'' (1968) Paramount studio head Robert Evans brought Polanski to America to direct the film ''Downhill Racer'', but Polanski read the novel ''Rosemary's Baby'' non-stop through the night and the following morning decided he wanted to write as well as direct it. The film, ''Rosemary's Baby'' (1968), was a box-office success and became his first Hollywood production, thereby establishing his reputation as a major commercial filmmaker. The film, a horror-thriller set in trendy Manhattan, is about Rosemary Woodhouse (Mia Farrow), a young housewife who is impregnated by the devil. Polanski's screenplay adaptation earned him a second Academy Award nomination.

On 9 August 1969, while Polanski was working in London, his wife, Sharon Tate, and four other people were murdered at the Polanskis' residence in Los Angeles.

1970s

;''Macbeth'' (1971) Polanski abandoned his project and did not resume working until the production of Shakespeare's ''The Tragedy of Macbeth''. Jon Finch and Francesca Annis played the lead roles. He adapted Shakespeare's original text into a screenplay with the British theater critic Kenneth Tynan. In his autobiography Polanski wrote that he wanted to be true to the violent nature of the work, and that he had been aware that his first project following Tate's murder, would be subject to scrutiny and probable cricitism regardless of the subject matter; if he had made a comedy he would have been perceived as callous.

;''What?'' (1973) Written by Polanski and previous collaborator Gérard Brach, ''What?'' (1973) is a mordant absurdist comedy loosely based on the themes of ''Alice in Wonderland'' and Henry James. The film is a rambling shaggy dog story about the sexual indignities that befall a winsome young American hippie woman hitchhiking through Europe.

;''Chinatown (1974) Polanski returned to Hollywood in 1973 to direct ''Chinatown'' for Paramount Pictures. The film was nominated for 11 Academy Awards. The stars, Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway, both received Oscar nominations for their roles, and the script by Robert Towne won for Best Original Screenplay. Polanski appears in a cameo role.

;''The Tenant'' (1976) Polanski returned to Paris for his next film, ''The Tenant'' (1976), which was based on a 1964 novel by Roland Topor, a French writer of Polish-Jewish origin. In addition to directing the film, Polanski also played a leading role of a timid Polish immigrant living in Paris. Together with his two earlier works, ''The Tenant'' can be seen as the third installment in a loose trilogy of films called the "Apartment Trilogy" that explore the themes of social alienation and psychic and emotional breakdown. In his autobiography, Polanski wrote: "I had a great admiration for American institutions and regarded the United States as the only truly democratic country in the world."

;''Tess'' (1979) He dedicated his next film, ''Tess'' (1979), to the memory of his late wife, Sharon Tate. It was Tate who suggested to Polanski that he read it, as she felt it might make a good film. ''Tess'' was Polanski's first film since his 1977 arrest in Los Angeles, and because of the American-British extradition treaty, ''Tess'' was shot in the north of France instead of Hardy's England. Nastassja Kinski appeared in the title role opposite Peter Firth and Leigh Lawson.

The film became the most expensive made in France up to that time. Ultimately, ''Tess'' proved a financial success and was well-received by both critics and the public. For ''Tess'', Polanski won France's César Awards for Best Picture and Best Director and received his fourth Academy Award nomination (and his second nomination for Best Director). The film received three Oscars: best cinematography, best art direction and best costume design. In addition, ''Tess'' was nominated for best picture.

1980s

;''Pirates'' (1986) Nearly seven years passed before Polanski's next film, ''Pirates'', a lavish period piece starring Walter Matthau, which the director intended as an homage to the beloved Errol Flynn swashbucklers of his childhood. The film was shot on location in Tunisia, using a full sized pirate vessel constructed for the production. It was a financial and critical failure.

;''Frantic'' (1988) ''Frantic'' (1988) was Hitchcockian suspense-thriller starring Harrison Ford and the actress/model Emmanuelle Seigner, who later became Polanski's wife . The film follows an ordinary tourist in Paris whose wife is kidnapped. He attempts, hopelessly, to go through the Byzantine bureaucratic channels to deal with her disappearance, but finally takes matters into his own hands.

1990s

Polanski followed this with the dark psycho-sexual film ''Bitter Moon'' (1992), followed by a film of the acclaimed play ''Death and the Maiden'' (1994) starring Sigourney Weaver, and then ''The Ninth Gate'' (1999), a thriller based on the novel The Club Dumas and starring Johnny Depp.

In 1997, Polanski directed a stage version of his 1967 film ''The Fearless Vampire Killers'', which debuted in Vienna followed by successful runs in Stuttgart, Hamburg, Berlin, and Budapest. On 1998, Polanski was elected a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts. In an interview with David Letterman in 1982, she described their relationship and gave her opinion about his sexual assault case, claiming it was "ridiculous" and his residence in France was "a loss for America."

Emmanuelle Seigner

In 1989, Polanski married French actress Emmanuelle Seigner. They have two children, daughter Morgane and son Elvis. Polanski and his children speak Polish at home.

Legal history

Sexual assault case

On 11 March 1977, Polanski, then 43 years old, was arrested for the sexual assault of 13-year-old Samantha Geimer during a photo shoot for French ''Vogue'' magazine. Soon after he was indicted on six counts of criminal behavior, including rape. At his arraignment Polanski pled not guilty to all charges.

Geimer's attorney next arranged a plea bargain, which Polanski accepted, in which five of the six charges would be dismissed. As a result, Polanski pled guilty to the charge of "Unlawful Sexual Intercourse with a minor," and was ordered to undergo 90 days of psychiatric evaluation at Chino State Prison.

On release from prison after 42 days, Polanski expected that at final sentencing he would be put on probation, but the judge, Laurence J. Rittenband, had apparently changed his mind in the interim and now "suggested" to Polanski's attorney, Douglas Dalton, that more jail time and possible deportation were in order. Polanski was also told by his attorney that despite the fact that the prosecuting attorneys recommended probation, "the judge could no longer be trusted . . ." and the judge's representations were "worthless."

Upon learning of the judge's plans Polanski fled to France on 1 February 1978, just hours before sentencing by the judge. As a French citizen, he has been protected from extradition and has lived mostly in France since then.

Geimer sued Polanski in 1988, alleging sexual assault, intentional infliction of emotional distress and seduction. In 1993 Polanski agreed to settle with Geimer; however, in August 1996 Polanski still owed her $604,416. Geimer and her lawyers later confirmed that the settlement was completed.

On 26 September 2009, Polanski was arrested while in Switzerland at the request of U.S. authorities. He was kept in jail near Zurich for two months, then put under house arrest at his home in Gstaad while awaiting decision of appeals fighting extradition to the U.S. On 12 July 2010 the Swiss rejected the U.S. request, declared him a "free man" and released him from custody. All six of the original charges still remain pending in the U.S.

The victim, Samantha Geimer, during a television interview on 10 March 2011, blames the media, reporters, the court, and the judge for causing "way more damage to [her] and her family than anything Roman Polanski has ever done." She adds that the media were "really cruel," stating that the judge was using her and a noted celebrity for his own personal gain from the media exposure.

Documentary films

In 2008 the documentary film, ''Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired'', was released in Europe and the U.S. where it won numerous awards. The film focuses on the judge in the case and the possible reasons why he changed his mind. It includes interviews with those involved in the case, including the victim, Geimer, who commented about the judge: :"He didn't care what happened to me, and he didn't care what happened to Polanski. He was orchestrating some little show . . . " Geimer's attorney, Lawrence Silver, adds that Polanski "was supposed to be treated fairly, and he clearly was not." In an interview with the prosecuting attorney, Roger Gunson, he states "I'm not surprised that Polanski left under those circumstances," and, "it was going to be a real circus." Former DA David Wells, made famous for stating on the documentary that he advised the trial judge to incarcerate Polanski, later admitted that he 'played up' his own role in the prosecution and that these back-door conversations in fact did not take place. David Wells's original statements were the most damning against the Polanski prosecution. |- | style="text-align:center;"|1965 |Berlin Film Festival |Silver Berlin Bear-Extraordinary Jury Prize (''Repulsion'') | |- | style="text-align:center;"|1966 |Berlin Film Festival |Golden Bear (''Cul-de-sac'') | |- |1968 |Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |Best screenplay adaptation (''Rosemary's Baby'') | |- |1974 |Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |Academy Award for Best Director (''Chinatown'') | |- |1974 |Golden Globe Awards |Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion Picture (''Chinatown'') | |- |1974 |British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) |Best Direction (''Chinatown'') | |- |1979 |Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César) |César Award for Best Picture (''Tess'') | |- |1979 |Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César) |César Award for Best Director (''Tess'') | |- |1979 |Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |Academy Award for Directing (''Tess'') | |- |1979 |Golden Globe Awards |Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Film (''Tess'') | |- |1979 |Golden Globe Awards |Golden Globe Award for Best Director—Motion Picture (''Tess'') | |- |2002 |British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) |Best Film; Best Director (''The Pianist'') | |- |2002 |Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |Academy Award for Best Director (''The Pianist'') | |- |2002 |Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César) |César Award for Best Director (''The Pianist'') | |- |2002 |Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César) |César Award for Best Film (''The Pianist'') | |- |2002 |Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César) |César Award for Best Director (''The Pianist'') | |- |2004 |Karlovy Vary International Film Festival |Crystal Globe for outstanding artistic contribution to world cinema | |- | 2009 |Zurich Film Festival Golden Icon Award |Lifetime achievement |

}}

External links

Roman Polanski's official webpage

Interview with Charlie Rose, March 2000

"Interview: ''Roman Polanski: 'Wanted and Desired''

Category:1933 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:20th-century writers Category:21st-century writers Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Best Director Academy Award winners Category:Best Director César Award winners Category:Best Director Golden Globe winners Category:English-language film directors Category:European Film Award for Best Director winners Category:French film actors Category:French film directors Category:French film producers Category:French Jews Category:French people of Jewish descent Category:French people of Polish descent Category:French screenwriters Category:French sex offenders Category:Fugitives wanted by the United States Category:Fugitives wanted on sex crime charges Category:Holocaust survivors Category:Kraków Ghetto inmates Category:Members of the Académie des beaux-arts Category:People from Łódź Category:Actors from Paris Category:Polish film actors Category:Polish film directors Category:Polish film producers Category:Polish people of Jewish descent Category:Polish screenwriters Category:Polish sex offenders Category:Silver Bear for Best Director recipients Category:Statutory rapists

af:Roman Polanski ar:رومان بولانسكي az:Roman Polanski bn:রোমান পোলান্‌স্কি be:Раман Паланскі bg:Роман Полански bs:Roman Polanski ca:Roman Polanski cs:Roman Polanski da:Roman Polanski de:Roman Polański el:Ρόμαν Πολάνσκι es:Roman Polanski eo:Roman Polański eu:Roman Polański fa:رومن پولانسکی fo:Roman Polanski fr:Roman Polanski ga:Roman Polański gl:Roman Polanski ko:로만 폴란스키 hr:Roman Polański id:Roman Polański it:Roman Polański he:רומן פולנסקי jv:Roman Polanski ka:რომან პოლანსკი la:Romanus Polanski lv:Romāns Polaņskis lt:Roman Polański hu:Roman Polański ml:റൊമാൻ പൊളാൻസ്കി mr:रोमान पोलान्स्की ms:Roman Polanski nl:Roman Polański ja:ロマン・ポランスキー no:Roman Polański pl:Roman Polański pt:Roman Polanski ro:Roman Polanski ru:Полански, Роман sco:Roman Polanski sq:Roman Polański scn:Roman Polanski simple:Roman Polanski sk:Roman Polański sr:Роман Полански fi:Roman Polański sv:Roman Polański th:โรมัน โปลันสกี tr:Roman Polanski uk:Роман Полянський vi:Roman Polanski yi:ראמאן פאלאנסקי zh:羅曼·波蘭斯基

Frank T. "Skids" Caruso (December 26, 1911–December 31, 1983) was a Chicago mobster involved in illegal gambling and racketeering activities for the Chicago Outfit criminal organization during the 1950s.

Originally from Chicago's Near Southwest Side (known as "The Patch"), his relatives include brothers Joseph (Joe Shoes), Leo and Bruno Caruso, including his brother-in-law First Ward alderman Fred Roti, and son Frank (Little Frankie) Caruso Jr. . As a youth, Caruso ran with the infamous Forty-Two Gang, which included future gangsters such as Sam "Momo" Giancana.

Starting in 1935, Caruso amassed a criminal record of at least 13 arrests on charges including grand larceny, illegal gambling and conspiracy. In 1956, on the death of his father-in-law, Bruno Roti, Caruso became the owner of several South Side, Chicago casinos and became the head of the 26th Street/Chinatown "crew". Caruso now became involved in illegal gambling in Chicago's First Ward. On the side, Caruso operated a legitimate business, Caruso Plumbing, in the Chicago suburb of Hillside, Illinois. In 1983, Caruso died of natural causes.

In March 1997, Frank T. Caruso's grandson, Frank Caruso Jr, was arrested with two other accomplices in connection with the beating of Leonard Clark in Armour Square, Chicago. It gained worldwide attention, and even intervention by former President Bill Clinton and the Rev. Jesse Jackson. Subsequently, Frank Caruso Jr was sentenced to eight years in prison. The presiding judge for the trial was under full protection as his life was threatened. One witness was murdered in an alleged robbery attempt. He was present at the time of the initial beating incident.

Further reading

Cooley, Robert and Hillel Levin. ''When Corruption Was King: How I Helped the Mob Rule Chicago, Then Brought the Outfit Down''. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2004. ISBN 0-7867-1583-9

United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime. ''Administration's Efforts Against the Influence of Organized Crime in the Laborer's International Union of North America''. 1997.

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. ''Organized Crime in Chicago: Hearing Before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations''. 1983.

''A Report on Chicago Crime''. Chicago: Chicago Crime Commission Reports, 1954-1968.

External links

Chicago Sun Times: One families rise, a century of power

IHO order barring Bruno, Leo, Frank Caruso from Laborers Union

Category:1911 births Category:1983 deaths Category:American mobsters of Italian descent Category:Chicago Outfit mobsters

Coordinates	42°42′56″N170°58′5″N
name	Geof Darrow
birth name	Geofrey Darrow
birth place	Cedar Rapids, Iowa
signature
notable works	''Hard Boiled''''Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot''''Shaolin Cowboy''
sortkey	Darrow, Geof
subcat	American
yob	1955
mob	10
dob	21 }}

Geofrey "Geof" Darrow (born October 21, 1955) is a comic artist and designer born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States. He is known for having an extremely high level of detail in his work.

Career

Character design and Moebius collaborations

Darrow was a student at Hanna-Barbera cartoon studios after studying at the American Academy of Arts in Chicago. In the early 1980s he worked in character design for the ''Super Friends'', ''Richie Rich'', and ''Pac-Man'' television series.

In 1982, he met French comic book writer and artist Moebius who was working on the film ''Tron''. Two years later, the two collaborated on a portfolio of prints named ''La Cité Feu'', later reprinted for the English speaking market as ''City of Fire''.

Geof has stated in interviews that he considers Hergé, Jack Kirby (who he worked with at Hanna Barbera), Tezuka Osamu and Jean Giraud as his artistic influences.

In 1986, Geof produced "Comics and Stories", a collection of stories starring his own character Bourbon Thret, for French publisher Editions Aedena. It contains several pin ups colored by Moebius, Tanino Liberatore and Francois Boucq.

Frank Miller collaborations

Moebius introduced Darrow to Frank Miller which led to a friendship and eventually two collaborations. In 1990, Darrow and Miller collaborated on the comic book ''Hard Boiled'', a 3-part mini-series, for which they won the 1991 Eisner Award for Best Writer/Artist. Loosely based on Philip K. Dick's short story ''The Electric Ant'', the book is an exploration of the mind and world of its protagonist, Nixon.

Frank Miller also drew Darrow into Sin City: A Dame to Kill For, as Kevin the cannibal.

In 1993 and 1994, Darrow provided art for the role-playing game line ''Underground'', published by Mayfair Games. Inc.

Darrow and Miller worked together again on ''Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot'' in 1996, a far more family-oriented work, in which the protagonists save Tokyo from destruction by a giant lizard. The story was later developed into a 26 episode animated series of the same name, produced by Columbia TriStar Television and Dark Horse Entertainment, which aired from 1999 to 2001.

The Wachowski Brothers and Shaolin Cowboy

The Wachowski Brothers saw his work on ''Hard Boiled'', and approached Darrow to do some conceptual work for ''The Matrix''. was credited as 'Conceptual Designer' on all three ''Matrix'' movies. His visual style is most prominent in the scene of Neo's awakening from his biomechanical sleep. The insect-like machine that attacks Neo is a classic Darrow mechanoid made up of tubes, viewscreens and riveted joints. He has also contributed to both volumes of The Matrix comics, a series of short Matrix-inspired comic stories.

Darrow has also contributed covers to a number of other comics, including ''Concrete'', ''Transmetropolitan'' and Andrew Vachss' ''Cross'', as well as illustrating a part of Vachss' ''Another Chance To Get It Right'' (1993).

Darrow started writing and illustrating ''Shaolin Cowboy'' in 2005 (published by Burlyman Entertainment), featuring Darrow's trademark ultra-violence, irony and meticulous level of detail. , seven volumes had been released. Variety reported in April 2009 that the Wachowski brothers and Circle of Confusion were producing an animated feature of ''Shaolin Cowboy'', written and directed by Darrow, and animated by Madhouse.

Darrow is also the co-creator of the series ''Doc Frankenstein'', written by the Wachowski Brothers, with art by Steve Skroce, also published by Burlyman Entertainment.

Geof has also written the forward to other artist works, such as The Art of Blade of the Immortal and Art Adams' Creature Features.

Outside of comic books and film, Darrow has also done some artwork for the ''Magic: The Gathering'' trading card series. As well as various trading card line, such as Witchblade, Star Wars, The Shadow and Mike Allred's Madman.

The Wachowski Brothers also brought Darrow in to be the conceptual designer on ''Speed Racer''.

Darrow serves on the national advisory board of PROTECT: The National Association to Protect Children.

At the 2011 Toronto Comic Con, Darrow said the Shaolin Cowboy would continue later in the year on Dark Horse Comics. He also said there is going to be a "pulp style" prose novel Written by Andrew Vachss, with spot illustrations by Darrow, also to be released later in the year.

Awards

1991 Will Eisner Comic Industry AwardsNomineeBest Artist 1991 Will Eisner Comic Industry AwardsWinnerBest Writer/Artist: (with Frank Miller for ''Hard Boiled'' - Dark Horse) 1996 Will Eisner Comic Industry AwardsWinnerBest Penciller/Inker: (for ''Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot'' - Dark Horse/Legend) 2006 Will Eisner Comic Industry AwardsWinnerBest Writer/Artist: (for ''Shaolin Cowboy'' - Burlyman Entertainment)

Cinema and television work

Television

''Richie Rich'' (1982) character designer

''Super Friends'' (1981–1983) character designer

''Pac-Man'' (1983) character designer

''The Biskitts'' (1983) character designer

''Super Friends: The Legendary Super Power Show'' (1984) character designer

''Pink Panther and Sons'' (1984) character designer

''The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians'' (1985) character designer

''Garbage Pail Kids'' (1987) models

''Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot'' (1999) monster designs

Cinema

''Barb Wire'' (1996) visual consultant

''The Matrix'' (1999) conceptual designer

''The Matrix Reloaded'' (2003) conceptual designer

''The Matrix Revolutions'' (2003) conceptual designer

''Speed Racer'' (2008) conceptual designer

''The Spirit'' (2008) The Spirit butcher diagram

Bibliography

Interior work

''Metal Hurlant #101'' (1984) Bourbon Thret: The Parochial Terror, presented in original four page format

''La Cité Feu'' (1984) with Moebius. Reproduced as ''City of Fire''.

''Heavy Metal: March'' (1985) Bourbon Thret: The Parochial Terror, a story from the French book, ''Comics and Stories''

''Comics and Stories'' (1986), originally published in French. Limited edition comes with the "Darrow magazine, 25 pages of "overwhelming testimonies": mostly illustrated private jokes from French comic artists.

''East Meets West'' (1986) a ten plate portfolio story about the adventures of Bourbon Thret and Clint Eastwood

''Dark Horse Presents #19'' (1988): Sead, a 9 page Bourbon Thret story + Cover.

''Strip AIDS U.S.A.'' (1988): one-page story about aids victims and Ronald Reagan

''The Rocketeer Adventure Magazine'' (1988): art assist to Dave Stevens

''Cheval Noir #3'' (1990): Geof Darrow...The Man

''Cheval Noir #4'' (1990): Geof Darrow...The Myth, 1 page "story" about Geof's Career, by Geof.

''Hard Boiled'' with Frank Miller (1990).

''Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot'' (1996)

''The Art of The Matrix'' (2000): contains conceptual designs and story boards created by Darrow for use in the films, as well as his commentary on creating them.

''Hard Looks TPB'' (2002) Stories Half Breed and Head Case

''Matrix Comics TPB #1'' (2003): Bits & Pieces of Information

''Another Chance To Get It Right TPB'' (2005): 18-page story

''Shaolin Cowboy'' (2005)

''Geof Darrow Sketchbook'' (2010) limited run by square1 press

Covers

''Pilote & Charlie #27'' (1988)

''Dark Horse Presents #19'' (1988)

''Daredevil And The Punisher: Child's Play TPB'' (1988)

''Cheval Noir #2'' (1989)

''Comic's Greatest World: King Tiger'' (1993)

''Ray Winninger's Underground'' (1993)

''Ammo Armageddon'' (1993)

''Showcase '94 #11'' (1994)

''Dark Horse Presents #100 cover 3'' (1995)

''Andrew Vachss' Cross #0-6'' (1995)

''Concrete: Think Like A Mountain #1-6'' (1996)

''Oblivion #3'' (1996)

''Warrior Of Waverly Street #1-2'' (1996)

''Here The Big People Come #1 variant'' (1997)

''Transmetropolitan #1-3,22-24'' (1997),(1999)

''Dark Horse Presents #135'' (1998)

''Shattered Europe (PSI Order Asculapian & Europe Sourcebook)'' (1998)

''RODEO n°582'' (2000) - included in square1 sketchbook

''Tin Can Man #1 variant'' (2000)

''Hard Looks: Adapted Stories TPB'' (2002)

''Another Chance To Get It Right TPB'' (2003)

''Matrix Comics TPB #1'' (2003)

''Doc Frankenstein #1 2nd Print'' (2004)

''Last Christmas #1'' (2006)

''The War That Time Forgot #11'' (2009)

''Daredevil #500 variant'' (2009)

''Fantastic Four #579 variant'' (2010)

''Marvel Zombies 5 #4'' (2010)

''Fallout: All Roads HC'' -Original graphic novel included in the collector's edition of the video game Fallout: New Vegas (2010)

''G.I. Combat #1'' (2010)

''First Wave #4 variant'' (2010)

''Conan the Cimmerian #25'' (2010)

''Godzilla: Gangsters & Goliaths #1'' (2011)

''Godzilla: Kingdom of Monsters #4'' (2011)

''Jurassic Park: Dangerous Games #1'' (2011)

''Godzilla: Gangsters & Goliaths #5'' (2011)

Pin-ups

''L'Univers de Gir'' (1986) - included in square1 sketchbook

''Godzilla Portfolio'' one plate, reprinted in Comics and Stories (1988)

''Cheval Noir #9'' (1990)

''Superman Special'' (1992)

''Spawn #11'' (1993)

''Ash #3'' (1994)

''The Shadow: In The Coils Of Leviathan TPB'' (1994)

''Death Gallery #1'' (1994)

''Dream Team #1'' (1995)

''Shi: Senryaku #1'' (1995)

''The Vertigo Gallery: Dreams & Nightmares'' (1995)

''Hellboy: Christmas Special'' (1997)

''Bart Simpson's Treehouse Of Horror #4'' (1998)

''Hell And Back, A Sin City Love Story #3'' (1999)

''Fall of Stardust Portfolio'' one plate (1999) - included in square1 sketchbook

''Madman Picture Exhibition #3'' (2002)

''Art Of Usagi Yojimbo TPB'' (2006)

''Halo Graphic Novel'' (2006)

''Mouse Guard Winter: 1152 #1'' (2007) - included in square1 sketchbook

''Daredevil #500'' (2009)

''The Simpsons Futurama Crossover Crisis'' (2010)

''Rocketeer Adventures #2'' (2011)

''Monsters & Dames'' (2011) - art book exclusive to Emerald City Comic Con

''Dark Horse Presents #1-3'' (2011)

Music Album Covers

''The Gas Giants - From Beyond The Back Burner''

''Dynamite Ham - I Believe In You''

Notes

References

Interview with Bill Pope and Geofrey Darrow, at Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe.

Geof Darrow: From Hard Boiled action, to Shaolin Serenity interview at wordballoon (audio, 60 minutes). May 13, 2007.

External links

Burlyman Entertainment, publishers of Shaolin Cowboy and the Matrix comics

Unofficial fan site

Category:Artists from Iowa Category:American comics artists Category:People from Cedar Rapids, Iowa Category:American graphic designers Category:Matrix series Category:Living people Category:Eisner Award winners for Best Penciller/Inker or Penciller/Inker Team Category:Eisner Award winners for Best Writer/Artist Category:Magic: The Gathering artists Category:1955 births

de:Geof Darrow fr:Geof Darrow id:Geoff Darrow it:Geof Darrow pl:Geof Darrow fi:Geof Darrow sv:Geof Darrow

Coordinates	42°42′56″N170°58′5″N
name	Mike McNamara
birth place	Scariff, County Clare, Ireland
nickname	Mike Mac
occupation	Publican
sport	Hurling
county	OffalyClare
icyears	2002 - 20042007 - 2009

Michael "Mike" McNamara (born 1949 in Scariff, County Clare) is a retired Irish hurling manager and former player. He played hurling with his local club Scariff from the 1960s until the 1980s. McNamara is also a publican and night club owner in Scariff and served as manager of the Offaly and Clare senior inter-county teams.

Managerial career

Offaly

McNamara was appointed manager of the Offaly senior hurling team in November 2002. In his first season in charge, his team lost to Wexford in the Leinster semi-final on a scoreline of 0-16 to 1-12. In the subsequent qualifying campaign, Offaly overcame Dublin and Limerick to qualify for an All Ireland quarter final against Tipperary. They lost this match 2-16 to 2-11 after a relatively poor display.

The following year, 2004, Offaly reached a Leinster final, only to be beaten by Wexford for the second successive year on a scoreline of 2-12 to 1-11. They were later knocked out of the qualifiers by Clare. Following a strike by the Offaly footballers which resulted in the resignation of their manager, Gerry Fahy on the grounds of lack of support by the county board, McNamara quit his post as Offaly hurling manager for the same reasons.

Clare

2008: Munster final appearance

McNamara's first season in charge was a reasonably successful one. After a relatively lacklustre National Hurling League campaign, Clare were drawn to meet Waterford in the quarter-final of the Munster Championship and were installed as underdogs. An intriguing game developed, however, at the full-time whistle Clare had won by 2-26 to 0-23. The provincial semi-final pitted Clare against Limerick. While more was expected of the Shannonsiders McNamara's side had another relatively comfortable 4-12 to 1-16 victory. This win allowed Clare to advance to a first Munster final since 1999. Tipperary provided the opposition on this occasion, with Clare being regarded as underdogs once again. A close game developed in the second-half as Clare ate into Tipp's lead, however, in the end victory went to Tipperary by 2-21 to 0-19. In spite of this defeat McNamara's side were allowed to advance to the All-Ireland quarter-final. Cork provided the opposition on this occasion, however, Clare went seven points ahead at one stage. Cork slowly fought back to eventually clinch a 2-19 to 2-17 victory. Thus ended Clare's involvement in the championship.

Allianz National Hurling League 2009

On the 8th of February 2009 Clare started their NHL campaign they lost to Limerick 1-18 to 3-13. On the 15th of February they lost to Waterford 0-13 to 0-20. On the 1st of March they lost to Tipperary 0-16 to 0-23. On the 22nd of March Clare lost to the Cork panel who were just back from being on strike the final score was 0-16 to 2-14. On the 29th of March they played Kilkenny and lost 1-09 to 3-16. On the 5th of April Clare drew with Dublin 0-15 to 0-15 because of this it meant that Clare were relegated. On Drivetime Sport the following Monday Mike McNamara said that Clare will not play NHL Division 2 next year against the likes of Antrim and Carlow. On the 19th of April Clare lost their last game of the NHL against Galway the score was 0-19 4-16.

Gerry Quinn Saga

Gerry Quinn had been left out of the Clare Hurling Panel. On 20 March 2009 Gerry Quinn went to visit the Clare Team Doctor Dr Paraic Quinn in Gurteen because he had been laid low with a virus. According to Quinn he rang Mike Mc on the way and informed him about the situation regarding his illness and his desire to meet Paraic Quinn. Quinn then claimed that Mike Mc cut loose at him on the phone. Nevertheless Quinn was hopeful that things could be worked out when he arrived at the session and after asking McNamara whether the doctor was around, Quinn was informed that he was off the panel. On TG4 the day of the match Mike Mc was asked was Gerry Quinn still on the panel, McNamara gave no comment and when he was asked was there a drinking ban he gave no comment.

2009 Player Opposition Crisis

In October 2009, McNamara's tenure as Clare hurling manager looked to be under threat after it emerged the players had sent a letter to the County Board seeking his removal from the post. It appears that the players were disappointed with the county's lack of progress in 2009. The panel requested that the unsigned letter be read out at a County Board meeting on 27 October 2009. At the meeting on the 27 October 2009, the Clare county board gave McNamara their full backing despite the growing opposition from some players.

On 1 November 2009, the hurling panel produced a vote of no confidence in McNamara to continue as manager. After a Clare County Board meeting in Ennis on 10 November 2009, McNamama made a stirring address, confirming his desire to stay in place as manager of the Banner hurlers, reflecting on the progress made in 2009 and outling his plans for next season. He spoke to delegates present for close to 30 minutes after members of the media had been asked to leave the room. A letter from the 27 player panel was read out at the meeting explaining that only one squad member had sided with McNamara in the vote of confidence on November 1. In spite of the opposition, the Clare County Board stood standing behind McNamara with County Board officials pledging to work with him to iron out any problems they could.

On 6 December, following several postponements, a meeting took place between the players, the county board and the manager, which was described as 'constructive'. However, on 15 December 2009, McNamara tendered his resignation to the Clare county board, which they accepted.

Scariff Trainer

In 2010 it was announced that Mc Namara would be training his own club Scariff senior hurling team

To Hell And Back

Mike McNamara's autobiography, ''To Hell And Back: The Inside Story of the Clare Hurling Revival'', was released in 2000.

References

Teams

Category:1949 births Category:Living people Category:Hurling managers Category:People from County Clare Category:Nightclub owners