name	John
full name
title	King of Saxony
imgw	200px
reign	9 August 1854–29 October 1873
predecessor	Frederick Augustus II
successor	Albert
succession	King of Saxony
spouse	Amalie Auguste of Bavaria
issue	Princess Maria AugusteAlbertPrincess Maria ElisabethPrince Frederick Augustus ErnestGeorgePrincess Maria SidoniaPrincess AnnaPrincess MargarethaPrincess Sophie
house	House of Wettin
father	Prince Maximilian of Saxony
mother	Princess Caroline of Parma
birth date	December 12, 1801
birth place	Dresden
death date	October 29, 1873
death place	Pillnitz, Dresden
place of burial	Katholische Hofkirche
religion	Roman Catholicism

John (full name: Johann Nepomuk Maria Joseph Anton Xaver Vincenz Aloys Franz de Paula Stanislaus Bernhard Paul Felix Damasus) (; 12 December 1801 – 29 October 1873) was a King of Saxony and a member of the House of Wettin.

He was born in Dresden, the third son of Maximilian, Prince of Saxony --younger son of the Elector Frederick Christian of Saxony—by his first wife, Caroline of Bourbon, Princess of Parma.

Early life

During most of his life, Johann stood little chance of inheriting the Saxon Crown: he was preceded by his father and two older brothers, Frederick Augustus and Klemens. However, in 1822 Klemens died unmarried in Italy, and Johann was now only preceded in the line of succession by his older brother Frederick Augustus .

When his uncle Anton succeeded his older brother as king (1827), Johann became the third in line to the throne, and after the father Maximilian renunciated his succession rights in 1830, Johan became in the second in line. Johann's older brother became King Frederick Augustus II in 1836; now he was the first in line of succession to the throne as Crown Prince (de: Kronprinz). The King, married twice, was childless. Johann remained as Heir presumptive during all the reign of his brother.

King of Saxony

Johann became King of Saxony after the death of his brother Frederick Augustus II on 9 August 1854.

The Judiciary Organization of 1855, the extension of the railroad network, the introduction of the freedom of trade are mainly to be owed to his suggestion and promotion. Under his government, came the acceptance of the French Commercial Treaty (1862) and the acknowledgment of a contract with Italy. He exerted himself under influence of his minister Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust for the Great Germany Solution (de: Großdeutsche Lösung) of the imperial arrangement (under inclusion of Austria). In 1866 Saxony fought on the Austrian side in the Austro-Prussian War. Finally, after the defeat of the Battle of Königgrätz, Saxony joined the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire under the hegemony of the Kingdom of Prussia. The King died two years later, aged seventy-one.

Beyond his political work, Johann was busy with literature. Under the pseudonym Philalethes he translated to German the Dante's Divine Comedy; some parts of this work were placed in the Schloss Weesenstein. The Dresden district of Johannstadt was named after him.

Ancestry

{{ahnentafel-compact5 |style=font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%; |border=1 |boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. John of Saxony |2= 2. Maximilian, Crown Prince of Saxony |3= 3. Princess Carolina of Parma |4= 4. Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony |5= 5. Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria |6= 6. Ferdinand, Duke of Parma |7= 7. Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria |8= 8. Augustus III of Poland |9= 9. Maria Josepha of Austria |10= 10. Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor |11= 11. Maria Amalia of Austria |12= 12. Philip, Duke of Parma |13= 13. Louise Élisabeth of France |14= 14. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor |15= 15. Maria Theresa of Austria |16= 16. Augustus II the Strong |17= 17. Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |18= 18. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (=#22) |19= 19. Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg (=#23) |20= 20. Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria |21= 21. Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska |22= 22. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (=#18) |23= 23. Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg (=#19) |24= 24. Philip V of Spain |25= 25. Elisabeth Farnese |26= 26. Louis XV of France |27= 27. Marie Leszczyńska |28= 28. Leopold, Duke of Lorraine |29= 29. Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans |30= 30. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor |31= 31. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel }}

Marriage and issue

In Munich on 10 November 1822 (by proxy) and again in Dresden on 21 November 1822 (in person), Johann married with the Princess Amalia of Bavaria (Amalie Auguste), daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. They had nine children:

#Maria Auguste Fredericka Karoline Ludovike Amalie Maximiliane Franziska Nepomucena Xaveria (b. Dresden, 22 January 1827 - d. Dresden, 8 October 1857), known as Maria. #Frederick Augustus Albert Anton Ferdinand Joseph Karl Maria Baptist Nepomuk Wilhelm Xaver Georg Fidelis (b. Dresden, 23 April 1828 - d. Schloss Sibyllenort, 19 June 1902), King Albert of Saxony. #Maria Elisabeth Maximiliana Ludovika Amalie Franziska Sophia Leopoldine Anna Baptista Xaveria Nepomucena (b. Dresden, 4 February 1830 - d. Stresa, 14 August 1912), known as Elisabeth; married firstly on 22 April 1850 to Ferdinando, Prince of Savoy and Sardinia and 1st Duke of Genoa, and secondly on 4 October 1856 to Niccolò, Marchese Rapallo. #Frederick Augustus Ernst Ferdinand Wilhelm Ludwig Anton Nepomuk Maria Baptist Xaver Vincenz (b. Dresden, 5 April 1831 - d. Schloss Weesenstein, 12 May 1847), known as Ernst. #Frederick Augustus Georg Ludwig Wilhelm Maximilian Karl Maria Nepomuk Baptist Xaver Cyriacus Romanus (b. Pillnitz, 8 August 1832 - d. Pillnitz, 15 October 1904), King Georg of Saxony (1902). #Maria Sidonia Ludovica Mathilde Wilhelmine Auguste Xaveria Baptista Nepomucena Veronica Hyacinthia Deodata (b. Pillnitz, 16 August 1834 - d. Dresden, 1 March 1862), known as Sidonia. #Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta, (b. Dresden, 4 January 1836 - d. Naples, 10 February 1859), known as Anna; married on 24 November 1856 to Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany. #Margarete Karoline Fredericka Cecilie Auguste Amalie Josephine Elisabeth Maria Johanna (b. Dresden, 24 May 1840 - d. Monza, 15 September 1858), known as Margarete; married on 4 November 1856 to Archduke Carl Ludwig of Austria, her cousin. #Sophie Maria Friederike Auguste Leopoldine Alexandrine Ernestine Albertine Elisabeth (b. Dresden, 15 March 1845 - d. Munich, 9 March 1867), known as Sophie; married on 11 February 1865 to Karl-Theodor, Duke in Bavaria, her cousin and brother of Empress Elisabeth of Austria.

King John of Saxony died at Pillnitz.

Reference

{{S-ttl|title=King of Saxony |years=1854-1873}}

Category:House of Wettin Category:Saxon princes Category:Kings of Saxony Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece Category:1801 births Category:1873 deaths Category:Burials at Katholische Hofkirche Category:Roman Catholic monarchs Category:People from Dresden Category:German Roman Catholics Category:Members of the First Chamber of the Diet of the Kingdom of Saxony Category:Knights of the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation

ca:Joan I de Saxònia de:Johann (Sachsen) et:Johann (Saksimaa) es:Juan I de Sajonia fr:Jean Ier de Saxe (1801-1873) it:Giovanni di Sassonia la:Ioannes I (rex Saxoniae) hu:I. János szász király nl:Johan van Saksen (1801-1873) ja:ヨハン (ザクセン王) no:Johan I av Sachsen pl:Jan Wettyn pt:João I da Saxónia ro:Ioan al Saxoniei ru:Иоганн (король Саксонии) sv:Johan I av Sachsen zh:约翰一世 (萨克森)

Name	Free State of Saxony
German name	Freistaat Sachsen (de)Swobodny stat Sakska (wen)
State coa	Coat of arms of Saxony.svg
Map	Deutschland Lage von Sachsen.svg
Flag	Flag of Saxony.svg
Flag2	Flag of Saxony.svg
Capital	Dresden
Largest city	Leipzig
Area	18415.66
Key	14
Population	4192700
Pop ref
Pop date	2008-12-31
Gdp	86
Gdp year	2005
Gdp percent	3.8
Website	sachsen.de
Leader	Stanislaw Tillich
Leader party	CDU
Ruling party1	CDU
Ruling party2	FDP
Votes	4
Nuts	DED
Iso region	DE-SN
Date	August 2010 }}

The Free State of Saxony ( ; ) is a state of Germany, located in the southeastern part of present-day Germany. It is the tenth-largest German state in area (18,413 km²) and the sixth most populous (4.3 million), of Germany's sixteen states.

Located in the historical heart of German-speaking Europe, the history of the state of Saxony spans more than a millennium. It has been a medieval duchy, an electorate of the Holy Roman Empire, a kingdom and, since 1918, a republic.

The area of the modern state of Saxony should not be confused with Old Saxony, the area inhabited by Saxons. Old Saxony corresponds approximately to the modern German states of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and the Westphalian part of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Geography

Administration

Sachsen is divided into three Direktionsbezirke — Chemnitz, Dresden, Leipzig — which are subdivided into 10 districts:

# Bautzen (BZ) # Erzgebirgskreis (ERZ) (Ore Mountains) # Görlitz (GR) # Leipzig (L) # Meißen (MEI)(Meissen) # Mittelsachsen (FG) # Nordsachsen (TDO) # Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge (PIR)(Saxon Switzerland & Eastern Ore Mountains) # Vogtlandkreis (V) # Zwickau (Z)

In addition there are three urban districts (), which also have district status:

# Chemnitz (C) # Dresden (DD) # Leipzig (L)

Economy

Saxony has the most vibrant economy among the former GDR states. Its economy grew by 4.0% in 2006, making it the fastest growing region in Germany. Nonetheless, unemployment remains high, and investment is scarce. The eastern part of Germany, excluding Berlin, qualifies as an "Objective 1" development region within the European Union, and is eligible to receive investment subsidies of up to 30% until 2013. FutureSAX, a business plan competition and entrepreneurial support organization, has been in operation since 2002.

Microchip makers near Dresden have given the region a nickname of "Silicon Saxony". The publishing and porcelain industries of the region are well known, although their contributions to the regional economy are not significant. The state government is attempting to develop tourism, notably in the lake district of Lausitz.

In December 2009, Saxony reported unemployment of 12.0%.

History

Saxony has a long history as a duchy, an electorate of the Holy Roman Empire (the Electorate of Saxony), and eventually as a kingdom (the Kingdom of Saxony). In 1918, subsequent to Germany's defeat in World War I, its monarchy was overthrown and a republican form of government was established under its current name. The state was broken up into smaller units during communist rule (1949–1989), but was re-established on 3 October 1990 on the reunification of East and West Germany.

Prehistory

In prehistoric times, the territory of Saxony was the site of some of the largest of the ancient Central European monumental temples, dating from the 5th century BC. Notable archaeological sites have been discovered in Dresden and the villages of Eythra and Zwenkau near Leipzig. The Slavic and Germanic presence in the territory of today's Saxony is thought to have begun in the 1st century BC. Parts of Saxony were possibly under the control of the Germanic King Marobod during the Roman era. By the late Roman period, several tribes known as the Saxons emerged, from which the subsequent state(s) draw their name. For the origins of the Saxon tribes, see Saxons.

Duchy of Saxony

The first mediæval Duchy of Saxony was a late Early Middle Ages "Carolingian stem duchy", which emerged about the year 700, and grew to cover the greater part of Northern Germany. It covered the area of the modern German states of Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, Schleswig-Holstein and Saxony-Anhalt. The Saxons converted to Christianity during this period.

While the Saxons were facing pressure from Charlemagne's Franks, they were also facing a westward push by Slavs to the east. The territory of the Free State of Saxony was occupied by Slavs before being reconquered by Germans. A legacy of this period is the Sorb population in Saxony.

Holy Roman Empire

The territory of the Free State of Saxony became part of the Holy Roman Empire by the 10th century. In the 10th century, the dukes of Saxony were also kings (or emperors) of the Holy Roman Empire, comprising the Ottonian, or Saxon, Dynasty. Around this time, the Billungs, a Saxon noble family, received extensive fiefs in Saxony. The Emperor eventually gave them the title of Duke of Saxony. After Duke Magnus died in 1106, causing the extinction of the male line of Billungs, oversight of the duchy was given to Lothar of Supplinburg, who also became Emperor for a short time.

In 1137, control of Saxony passed to the Guelph dynasty, descendants of Wulfhild Billung, eldest daughter of the last Billung duke, and the daughter of Lothar of Supplinburg. In 1180 large portions west of the Weser were ceded to the Bishops of Cologne, while some central parts between the Weser and the Elbe remained to the Guelphs, later forming the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg). The remaining eastern lands, together with the title of Duke of Saxony, passed to an Ascanian dynasty (descended from Eilika Billung, Wulfhild's younger sister) and was divided in 1260 into the two small states of Saxe-Lauenburg and Saxe-Wittenberg, the former also named Lower Saxony, the latter Upper Saxony, thence the later names of the two Imperial Circles. Saxe-Lauenburg and Saxe-Wittenberg both claimed the Saxon electoral privilege for their part, but the Golden Bull of 1356 only accepted Wittenberg's claim, with Lauenburg nevertheless maintaining its claim. In 1422, when the Saxon electoral line of the Ascanians was extinct, the Ascanian Eric V of Saxe-Lauenburg tried to reunite the Saxon duchies.

However, Sigismund, King of the Romans, had already granted Margrave Frederick IV the Warlike of Meissen (House of Wettin) an expectancy on the Saxon electorate, in order to remunerate his military support. On 1 August 1425 Sigismund enfeoffed the Wettinian Frederick as Prince-Elector of Saxony, despite protestations of Eric V. Thus the Saxon territories remained separated in permanence. Electoral Saxony was then merged in the much bigger Wettinian Margraviate of Meissen, however using the higher ranking name Electorate of Saxony and even the Ascanian coat-of-arms for the entire monarchy. Thus the name Saxony was translated to areas as far as Dresden and Meissen. In the 18th and 19th centuries Saxe-Lauenburg became colloquially called the Duchy of Lauenburg, which in 1876 merged in Prussia as Duchy of Lauenburg district.

Foundation of the second Saxon state

Saxony-Wittenberg, in modern Saxony-Anhalt, became subject to the margravate of Meissen, ruled by the Wettin dynasty in 1423. This established a new and powerful state, occupying large portions of the present Free State of Saxony, Thuringia, and Saxony-Anhalt. Although the center of this state was far to the southeast of the former Saxony, it came to be referred to as Upper Saxony and then simply Saxony, while the former Saxon territories were now known as Lower Saxony.

In 1485, Saxony was split. A collateral line of the Wettin princes received what later became Thuringia and founded several small states there (see Ernestine duchies). The remaining Saxon state became still more powerful, becoming known in the 18th century for its cultural achievements, although it was politically inferior to Prussia and Austria, which pressed Saxony from either side.

Between the years 1697 and 1763, the Electors of Saxony were also elected Kings of Poland in personal union.

In 1756, Saxony joined the coalition of Austria, France and Russia against Prussia. Frederick II of Prussia chose to attack preemptively and invaded Saxony in August 1756, precipitating the Seven Years War. The Prussians quickly defeated Saxony and incorporated the Saxon army into the Prussian army. At the end of the Seven Years War, Saxony once again became an independent state.

Saxony in the 19th and 20th centuries

In 1806, French Emperor Napoleon abolished the Holy Roman Empire and decreed the Electorate of Saxony a kingdom in itself. Elector Frederick Augustus III became King Frederick Augustus I. Frederick Augustus remained loyal to Napoleon during the wars that swept Europe in the following years; he was taken prisoner and his territories declared forfeit by the allies in 1813, who intended the annexation of Saxony by Prussia. Ultimately, the opposition of Austria, France, and the United Kingdom to this plan resulted in the restoration of Frederick Augustus to his throne at the Congress of Vienna. At this time in 1815, Saxony was forced to cede the northern part of the kingdom to Prussia. These lands became the Prussian province of Saxony, incorporated today in Saxony-Anhalt. The remnant of the Kingdom of Saxony was roughly identical with the present federal state.

Meanwhile, in 1815, the southern part of Saxony, now called the "State of Saxony joined the German Confederation. (The German Confederation should not be confused with the North German Confederation mentioned below.) In the politics of the Confederation, Saxony was overshadowed by Prussia. King Anthony of Saxony, came to the throne of Saxony in 1827. Shortly thereafter, liberal pressures in Saxony mounted and broke out in the revolt during 1830—a year of revolution in Europe. The revolution in Saxony resulted in a Constitution for the State of Saxony which served as a basis for the government in Saxony until 1918.

During the 1848–49 constitutionalist revolutions in Germany, Saxony became a hotbed for revolutionaries, with anarchists such as Mikhail Bakunin and democrats including Richard Wagner and Gottfried Semper taking part in the May Uprising in Dresden in 1849. (Scenes of Richard Wagner's participation in the May 1849 Uprising in Dresden are pictured in the 1983 movie, Wagner starring Richard Burton as Richard Wagner.) The May Uprising in Dresden forced King Frederick Augustus II of Saxony to concede further reforms in the Saxon government.

In 1854 Frederick Augustus II's brother, King John of Saxony, succeeded to the throne. A scholar, King John translated Dante. King John followed a federalistic and pro-Austrian policy throughout the early 1860s until the outbreak of the Austro-Prussian War. During the war, Prussian troops overran Saxony without a fight and invaded then Austrian (today's Czech) Bohemia. After the war, Saxony was forced to pay an indemnity and to join the North German Confederation in 1867. Under the terms of the North German Confederation, Prussia took over control of the Saxon postal system, railroads, military and foreign affairs. In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, Saxon troops fought together with Prussian and other German troops against France. In 1871, Saxony joined the newly formed German Empire.

After King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony had abdicated on 13 November 1918, Saxony, remaining a constituent state of Germany (Weimar Republic), became a republic renamed the Free State of Saxony following the new Saxon constitution of 1 November 1920. In 1923 Reichs's chancellor Gustav Stresemann overthrew the SPD-led Saxon government. The state maintained its name and borders during the National Socialist era as a Gau, but lost any quasi-autonomous status and its parliamentarian democracy.

By the by end of World War II in April 1945, American troops under General George Patton conquered the western part of the Free State, while Soviet troops conquered the eastern part. That summer, the entire state was handed over to Soviet forces as agreed upon by the London Protocol of September 1944. Thereafter the Britain, the USA, and the USSR negotiated at the Potsdam Conference on Germany's future. By their trilateral Potsdam Agreement all German territory east of the Oder-Neisse line was to be annexed by Poland and the Soviet Union, and, unlike the post-World War I secessions of German territory, this time the annexing powers were allowed to expel the inhabitants.

Through all the following three years Poland forcibly expelled German-speaking people from its annexed territory. Since the three powers of Potsdam had further agreed to accept in their occupation zones more expellees from other countries, the government in Prague denaturalised and expropriated c. 3 million Czechoslovaks due to their German native language. So also Saxons had to feed and house the destitute expellees, while their retained belongings became war booty shared by the profiteers of this exproprietary attitude. Only a small Saxon area, lying east of the Neisse river and centered around the town of Reichenau (now called Bogatynia), was annexed by Poland. The Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SVAG) merged that tiny part of the Prussian province of Lower Silesia, which remained with Germany west of the Neisse, into Saxony.

On 20 October 1946 the SVAG organised elections for the Saxon state parliament (Landtag), which were unbalanced since many people were arbitrarily excluded from candidacy and suffrage and the Soviet support unilaterally preferring the communist Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED). The new Saxon minister-president (governor) Rudolf Friedrichs (SED, until April 1946 SPD), who met with his Bavarian counterparts in the US zone of occupation in October 1946 and May 1947, suddenly died under unknown circumstances the month after. He was succeeded by Max Seydewitz, a loyalist of Joseph Stalin.

The Soviet Union set up the communist government of the German Democratic Republic in 1949, with Saxony a part of it, giving the USSR a satellite in the heart of Europe. The communist government officially dissolved the Free State in 1952, and divided it into the three smaller Bezirke of Leipzig, Dresden, and Karl-Marx-Stadt. The Free State was reconstituted with slightly altered borders in 1990 upon German reunification. Besides the formerly Silesian area of Saxony, which was mostly included in the territory of the new Saxon state, the free state gained further areas north of Leipzig, which belonged to Saxony-Anhalt until 1952.

Culture

Religion

Evangelical Church in Germany 20.9 %, Catholic Church 3.6 %.

Languages

The most common patois spoken in Saxony are combined in the group of "Thuringian and Upper Saxon dialects". Due to the incorrect usage of "Saxon dialects" in colloquial language, the Upper Saxon attribute has been added to distinguish it from Old Saxon and Low Saxon. Other German dialects spoken in Saxony are the dialects of the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), which have been affected by Upper Saxon dialects, and the dialects of the Vogtland, which are more affected by the East Franconian languages.

Upper Sorbian (a Slavic language) is still actively spoken in the parts of Upper Lusatia that are occupied by the Sorbian minority. The Germans in Upper Lusatia speak distinct dialects of their own (Lusatian dialects).

Tourism

Except for Dresden and perhaps Leipzig, Saxony is not known as a primary destination for foreign tourists. Areas along the border with the Czech Republic, such as the Lusatian Mountains, Ore Mountains, Saxon Switzerland, and Vogtland, attract significant visitors, largely Germans. Saxony has well preserved historic towns such as Meissen, Freiberg, Pirna, Bautzen, and Görlitz.

Politics

A minister-president heads the government of Saxony. Since May 28, 2008 the minister-president of Saxony is Stanislaw Tillich. See the List of Ministers-President of Saxony for a full listing.

2009 state election

The center-right CDU has formed a coalition with the liberal democratic FDP.

See also

Saxony (wine region)

References

External links

Official governmental portal

Christmas time in Saxony

some facts about Saxony

some stories about Dresden Neustadt - The Capital of Saxony

Saxony Marketing Ltd.

Category:Saxony Category:States of Germany Category:States of the Weimar Republic Category:NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union Category:States and territories established in 1990

af:Sakse als:Freistaat Sachsen ar:ساكسونيا an:Saxonia ast:Saxonia az:Saksoniya zh-min-nan:Sachsen be:Саксонія, федэральная зямля be-x-old:Саксонія (фэдэральная зямля) bar:Saggsn bs:Saksonija br:Saks bg:Саксония ca:Saxònia cv:Саксони (федераллă çĕр) cs:Sasko cy:Sachsen da:Sachsen de:Sachsen dsb:Sakska et:Saksimaa el:Σαξωνία es:Sajonia eo:Saksio eu:Saxonia fa:زاکسن fr:Saxe (Land) fy:Saksen (dielsteat) ga:An tSacsain gv:Sachsen gd:Sagsainn gl:Saxonia - Sachsen ko:작센 주 hy:Սաքսոնիա hsb:Sakska hr:Saska (pokrajina) io:Saxonia id:Sachsen ie:Saxonia os:Саксони (зæхх) is:Saxland it:Sassonia he:סקסוניה jv:Sachsen pam:Saxony ka:საქსონია kw:Sachsen sw:Saksonia ku:Sachsen la:Saxonia lv:Saksija lt:Saksonija lij:Sassonia lmo:Sasonia hu:Szászország mk:Саксонија mr:जाक्सन ms:Sachsen nah:Saxonia nl:Saksen (deelstaat) nds-nl:Saksen (dailstoat) ja:ザクセン州 nap:Sassonia frr:Saksen (lönj) no:Sachsen nn:Sachsen nov:Saxonia oc:Saxònia (land) uz:Sachsen pfl:Saksä pnb:سیکسنی pms:Sassònia nds:Sassen (Bundsland) pl:Saksonia pt:Saxônia ro:Saxonia rm:Saxonia qu:Sachsen ru:Свободное государство Саксония stq:Saksen (Buundeslound) sq:Saksonia simple:Saxony sk:Sasko sl:Saška szl:Saksůńijo sr:Саксонија sh:Saksonija fi:Saksi (osavaltio) sv:Sachsen tl:Sahonya th:รัฐซัคเซิน tr:Saksonya eyâleti uk:Саксонія vec:Sassonia vi:Sachsen vo:Saxän war:Sachsen yo:Saxony zh:萨克森自由州