Mer Bleue Bog, a typical peat bog, in eastern Ontario

Viru Bog, located in Lahemaa National Park in northern Estonia

A bog is a wetland that accumulates peat, a deposit of dead plant material—often mosses, and in a majority of cases, Sphagnum moss. ^[1] It is one of the four main types of wetlands. Other names for bogs include mire, quagmire and muskeg. Frequently, as the illustration on the right shows, they are covered in Ericaceous shrubs rooted in the Sphagnum moss and peat.

Bogs occur where the water at the ground surface is acidic and low in nutrients. In some cases, the water is derived entirely from precipitation, in which case they are termed ombrotrophic (rain-fed). Water flowing out of bogs has a characteristic brown colour, which comes from dissolved peat tannins. In general the low fertility and cool climate results in relatively slow plant growth, but decay is even slower owing to the saturated soil. Hence peat accumulates. Large areas of landscape can be covered many meters deep in peat.^[2][3] Bogs have a distinctive group of plant and animal species, and are of high importance for biodiversity, particularly in landscapes that are otherwise settled and farmed.

Distribution and extent[link]

Bogs are widely distributed in cold, temperate climes, mostly in boreal ecosystems in the northern hemisphere. The world's largest wetland is the peat bogs of the Western Siberian Lowlands in Russia, which cover more than a million square kilometres^[4]. Large peat bogs also occur in North America, particularly the Hudson Bay Lowland and the Mackenzie River Basin^[5] They are less common in the southern hemisphere, with the largest being the Magellanic Moorland, comprising some 44,000 square kilometers. Sphagnum bogs were widespread in northern Europe^[6] but have often been cleared and drained for agriculture.

Types of bog[link]

Wetmore Pond, located in the Huron Mountain Range in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, is an example of quaking bog formation.

Bog habitats may develop in various situations, depending on the climate and topography^[7] (see also hydrosere succession). One way of classifying them is based upon their location in the landscape, and their source of water^[8].

Valley bog[link]

These develop in gently sloping valleys or hollows. A layer of peat fills the deepest part of the valley, and a stream may run through the surface of the bog. Valley bogs may develop in relatively dry and warm climates, but because they rely on ground or surface water, they only occur on acidic substrates.

[edit] Raised bog

These develop from a lake or flat marshy area, over either non-acidic or acidic substrates. Over centuries there is a progression from open lake, to marsh, then fen (or on acidic substrates, valley bog) and carr, as silt or peat fill the lake. Eventually peat builds up to a level where the land surface is too flat for ground or surface water to reach the centre of the wetland. This part therefore becomes wholly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), and the resulting acidic conditions allow the development of bog (even if the substrate is non-acidic). The bog continues to form peat, and over time a shallow dome of bog peat develops: a raised bog. The dome is typically a few metres high in the centre, and is often surrounded by strips of fen or other wetland vegetation at the edges or along streamsides, where ground water can percolate into the wetland.

Blanket bog[link]

In cool climates with consistently high rainfall, the ground surface may remain waterlogged for much of the time, providing conditions for the development of bog vegetation. In these circumstances bog develops as a layer "blanketing" much of the land, including hilltops and slopes^[9]. Although blanket bog is more common on acidic substrates, under some conditions it may also develop on neutral or even alkaline ones, if abundant acidic rainwater predominates over the ground water. Blanket bog cannot occur in drier or warmer climates, because under those conditions hilltops and sloping ground dry out too often for peat to form – in intermediate climates blanket bog may be limited to areas which are shaded from direct sunshine. In periglacial climates a patterned form of blanket bog may occur, known as string bog.

Quaking bog[link]

Quaking bog or schwingmoor is a form of bog occurring in wetter parts of valley bogs and raised bogs, and sometimes around the edges of acidic lakes where bog is beginning to form. The bog vegetation forms a mat half a metre or so thick, floating over water or very wet peat. Walking on this surface causes it to move – larger movements may cause visible ripples of the surface, or they may even make trees sway.

Cataract Bog[link]

A cataract bog is a rare ecological community formed where a permanent stream flows over a granite outcropping. The sheeting of water keeps the edges of the rock wet without eroding the soil, but in this precarious location no tree or large shrub can maintain a roothold. The result is a narrow, permanently wet, sunny habitat.

Bog habitats[link]

Virgin boreal acid bogs at Brown's Lake Bog, Ohio. The tree cover is not typical of a bog.

There are many highly specialised animals and plants associated with bog habitat. Most are capable of tolerating the combination of low nutrient levels and waterlogging.^[10] Sphagnum moss is generally abundant, along with ericaceous shrubs. The shrubs are often evergreen, which is understood to assist in conservation of nutrients.^[11] In drier locations, evergreen trees can occur, in which case the bog blends into the surrounding expanses of boreal evergreen forest^[12]. Sedges are one of the more common herbaceous species. Carnivorous plants such as sundews (Drosera) and pitcher plants Sarracenia purpurea have adapted to the low-nutrient conditions by using invertebrates as a nutrient source. Orchids have adapted to these conditions through the use of mycorrhizal fungi to extract nutrients.^[13] Some shrubs such as Myrica gale have root nodules in which nitrogen fixation occurs, thereby providing another supplemental source of nitrogen.^[14]

Bogs are recognized as a significant/specific habitat type by a number of governmental and conservation agencies. They can provide habitat for mammals, such as caribou, moose, and beavers, as well as for species of nesting shorebirds, such as Siberian cranes and yellowlegs. The United Kingdom in its Biodiversity Action Plan establishes bog habitats as a priority for conservation. Russia has a large reserve system in the West Siberian Lowland.^[15] The highest protected status occurs in Zapovedniks (IUCN category IV); Gydansky[1] and Yugansky are two prominent examples. Bogs even have distinctive insects; English bogs give a home to a yellow fly called the hairy canary fly (Phaonia jaroschewskii), and bogs in North America are habitat for a butterfly called the bog copper (Lycaena epixanthe).

Sphagnum bog vegetation, Tříjezerní slať, Šumava.

Uses[link]

Industrial uses[link]

After drying, peat is used as a fuel. More than 20% of home heat in Ireland comes from peat, and it is also used for fuel in Finland, Scotland, Germany, and Russia. Russia is the leading exporter of peat for fuel at more than 90 million metric tons per year. Ireland's Bord na Móna ("peat board") was one of the first companies to mechanically harvest peat.

The other major use of dried peat is as a soil amendment (sold as moss peat or sphagnum peat) to increase the soil's capacity to retain moisture and enrich the soil. It is also used as a mulch. Some distilleries, notably in the Islay whisky producing region, use the smoke from peat fires to dry the barley used in making Scotch whisky.

Once the peat has been extracted, it can be difficult to restore the wetland, since peat accumulation is a slow process^[16].^[17] More than 90% of the bogs in England have been damaged or destroyed.^[18][19]

Other uses[link]

The peat in bogs is an important place for the storage of carbon. If the peat decayed, carbon dioxide would be released to the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. This ecological service is generally known as carbon storage or climate regulation^[20]. As one example, the peatlands of the former Soviet Union were calculated to be removing 52 Tg of carbon per year from the atmosphere^[21].

Peat bogs are also important in storing fresh water, particularly in the headwaters of large rivers. Even the enormous Yangtze River arises in the Ruoergai peatland near its headwaters in Tibet^[22].

Blueberries, cranberries, cloudberries, huckleberries and lingonberries are harvested from the wild in bogs. Bog oak, wood that has been partially preserved by bogs, has been used in manufacture of furniture.

Sphagnum bogs are also used for outdoor recreation, with activities including hunting and ecotourism. For example, many popular canoe routes in northern Canada include areas of peatland. Some other kinds of activity, such as All-terrain vehicles are especially damaging to bogs.

Archaeology[link]

Bog-wood and boulders at the Stumpy Knowe near South Auchenmade, Ayrshire, Scotland.

The anaerobic environment and presence of tannic acids within bogs can result in the remarkable preservation of organic material. Finds of such material have been made in Denmark, Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom. Some bogs have preserved ancient oak logs useful in dendrochronology, and they have yielded extremely well preserved bog bodies, with organs, skin, and hair intact, buried there thousands of years ago after apparent Germanic and Celtic human sacrifice. Excellent examples of such human specimens are Haraldskær Woman and Tollund Man in Denmark,^[23] and Lindow man found at Lindow Common in England. At Céide Fields in County Mayo in Ireland, a 5,000 year old neolithic farming landscape has been found preserved under a blanket bog, complete with field walls and hut sites. One ancient artifact found in bogs in many places is bog butter, large masses of fat, usually in wooden containers. These are thought to have been food stores, of both butter and tallow.

See also[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bog

Look up bog in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References[link]

Bibliography[link]

• Aiton, William (1811). General View of The Agriculture of the County of Ayr; observations on the means of its improvement; drawn up for the consideration of the Board of Agriculture, and Internal Improvements, with Beautiful Engravings. Glasgow.

External links[link]

• Ballynahone Bog
• Black Spruce Bog Describes a forested bog type of North America
• Bog bodies
• Germany's Endangered Bogs - slideshow by Der Spiegel
• Preserve peat bogs' for climate BBC 28 March 2007

Carlos Monzón
Statistics
Real name	Carlos Roque Monzón
Nickname(s)	Escopeta (Shotgun)
Rated at	Middleweight
Nationality	Argentinan
Born	(1942-08-07)August 7, 1942 Santa Fe, Argentina
Died	January 8, 1995(1995-01-08) (aged 52)
Stance	Orthodox
Boxing record
Total fights	100
Wins	87
Wins by KO	59
Losses	3
Draws	9
No contests	1

Carlos Monzón (August 7, 1942 – January 8, 1995) was an Argentine professional boxer who held the Undisputed World Middleweight Championship for 7 years, during which he successfully defended the title 14 times.^[1][2][3]

His glamorous and violent life was avidly followed by the media, culminating with his trial and conviction for the murder of his concubine. Argentinians adored Monzon throughout his career. He was, however, accused many times of domestic violence by his two wives and many mistresses, and of beating paparazzi. Accused of killing his wife Alicia Muniz, in Mar del Plata in 1988, the former champion was sentenced to 11 years in jail.^[4][5] He died in a car crash during a weekend furlough. He would have been let free in 2001.^[6]

Early life[link]

Monzón was born in the city of San Javier, Argentina. His parents were Roque Monzón and Amalia Ledesma. Monzón was raised in poverty with his twelve siblings. When Monzón was six years old, his family moved to Barranquitas Oeste, a poor neighborhood, of Santa Fe, the capital of Santa Fe Province. To help out his family, he quit school in third grade, working different jobs, such as shoe shiner, paper boy and milk man. As a youngster, he showed an interest in boxing.

When he was sixteen, he met Zulema Encarnación Torres, with whom he had his first son, Carlos Alberto Monzón. Later, on May 11, 1962, he married Mercedes Beatriz García, nicknamed 'Pelusa.' They were so poor that they did not have enough money to buy the marriage license. They had three kids: Silvia Beatriz, Abel Ricardo and Carlos Raúl (adopted).

Boxing beginnings[link]

Monzón had his first amateur fight on October 2, 1959. This first fight ended in a draw. Three years later, after a 73-6-8 amateur record, he became a professional. His first professional bout was held on February 6, 1963. He knocked out his opponent in the second round. In 1966, he won the Argentine Middleweight title. In 1967, he won the South American Middleweight title. After this success, Argentine boxing promoter Juan Carlos Lectoure pushed him into the international boxing scene by organizing fights with foreign boxers such as Douglas Huntley, Charles Austin, Johnny Brooks, Harold Richardson, Tommy Bethea, Manoel Severino and Eddy Pace.

World Middleweight Champion Nino Benvenuti had long had a distinguished career that included championships in 2 divisions and 2 wins in 3 bouts vs all-time great Emile Griffith. He had lost the year before to American Tom Bethea in Australia, but in an actual title fight in Yugoslavia, he avenged that loss.

Nobody expected Monzón to beat Benvenuti in their title match (very few knew of him). Yet Monzón applied pressure from the start, and in the 12th, a right hand landed perfectly on Benvenuti's chin, and the title changed hands. Monzón also beat Benevenuti in a rematch, this time in only three rounds in Monte Carlo when his seconds threw in the towel.

Champion[link]

In 1971, Monzón became only the second man to stop former three-time world champion Emile Griffith in 14 rounds, and later out-pointed him over 15 in a close fight (before the fight Monzón had to spar three rounds and run three miles in order to make the weight). Monzón then scored a win over tough Philadelphian Bennie Briscoe, over-coming a shakey 9th round, in which Briscoe almost scored a knockout; a knockout in five rounds over European Champion Tom Bogs, a knockout in seven rounds over Mexican José Mantequilla Nápoles in Paris, France and a 10 round knockout of tough Tony Licata of New Orleans at the Madison Square Garden, in what would turn out to be Monzón's only fight in the United States.

Monzón in 1977, when he retired from boxing.

Monzón's Middleweight Championship title was lifted in 1975 by the WBC for not defending it against mandatory challenger Rodrigo Valdez. Valdez, a Colombian, won the WBC's title, while Monzón kept the WBA's Championship. In 1976, they finally met, this time, world champion vs. world champion.

Valdez's brother had been shot to death one week prior to the fight and he did not feel like fighting. Still, the fight went on, as they were both under contract. It took place in Monte Carlo. Monzón handed Valdez a beating, winning a 15 round unanimous decision and unifying the world title once again. Facing a lack of good challengers, Monzón was offered a high purse to again fight the Colombian.

The second fight was different. Monzón-Valdez II is a classic.^[7] Valdez came out roaring this time. In the second round, right cross to the chin put Monzón down for the first and only time in his career. Valdez built a lead through the first part of the fight. Monzón, however, mounted a brilliant comeback and outboxed Valdez for the last 8 rounds, winning a unanimous decision to retain the title and score his 14th title defense.

Retirement[link]

Monzón retired after the second Valdez fight defense. His record stands at 87 wins, only three losses, nine draws and one no contest. Of his wins, 59 came by knockout. His only losses were by points and early in his career. In 2003, he was named by the Ring Magazine as one of the 100 greatest punchers of all time. On the independent computer-based ranking of boxrec.com, he is listed as the second best middleweight boxer of all time after Sugar Ray Robinson.

Following Monzón's victory Mantequilla Nápoles, Angelo Dundee said: “Monzón is the complete fighter. He can box, he can hit, he can think, and he is game all the way."^[8]

Before retirement, in 1974, he starred in La Mary, a hit movie directed by Daniel Tinayre. After retirement, he participated as an actor in a couple of Argentine movies, which were not very successful, and TV shows.^[9]

A monument to him stands in Santa Fe, Argentina.^[10]

Personal life[link]

Monzón was tremendously popular throughout his career. During Monzon's fights, Argentina would stand still, cities had no traffic, TV sets and radios were tuned to the fight. While filming La Mary, he met famous Argentina actress and model Susana Giménez. They started a tumultuous relation, which led to Monzón's divorce. Since then, his glamorous and, sometimes, violent life was avidly followed by the media. He toured all of Latin America and Europe with Argentine and Italian models and actresses.

While still a champion, a darker side of Monzón would begin to emerge. In 1973, Monzón was shot in the leg by his wife,^[11] requiring 7 hours of surgery to remove the bullet. In 1975, he began a very publicized romance with the famous actress and vedette Susana Giménez; they had previously met in the 1974 thriller La Mary, directed by Daniel Tinayre, where the two played husband and wife. Monzón hated paparazzi who detailed his affairs. He went to Italy with Giménez to participate in a movie and started increasingly traveling with her to locations in Brazil and the rest of Latin America, letting himself be seen with her, though still married. He was accused of domestic violence and of beating paparazzi. The fascination of the media with Monzón's private life reached its highest point with his trial for the murder of his concubine and his death in a car crash soon thereafter.

Soon the beatings he gave his concubine became public knowledge. Monzón was detained by the police repeatedly. Giménez also began wearing sunglasses more often, presumably to hide her bruises, and many times, paparazzi had to be hospitalized from the beatings suffered at the hands of Monzón, who had unpredictable violent outbreaks. During this period, Monzón divorced his wife and later re-married another Argentine woman.

Carlos Monzón with his second wife, Alicia Muñiz in 1982.

Susana Giménez left him in 1978. After the breakup, Monzón's private life was fairly low key. In 1979, he met Uruguayan model Alicia Muñiz, with whom he had a on-and-off relation for many years. They also had a child together, Maximiliano Roque. But, his alleged violent behavior continued. In 1988, while vacationing in the resort city of Mar del Plata, after a heated argument, he allegedly beat Muñiz; followed her to the balcony of their second floor apartment and, presumably after a physical fight, threw her off the balcony and, then, he also jumped. According to the investigation performed later, he strangled her, picked her up and pushed her off the balcony, after which he followed her in the fall, injuring a shoulder. In 1989, he was found guilty of homicide. He received an 11-year prison sentence.^[12][13]

On January 1995, Monzón was given a weekend furlough while serving his prison in Santa Fe Province to visit his family and children. On January 8, 1995, when returning to jail after the weekend, he died instantly when his vehicle rolled over.^[14]

Even in death, Monzón drew a crowd. Thousands sang "Dale campeón" ("Go Champ") during his funeral.^[15]

Professional boxing record[link]

87 Wins (59 knockouts, 28 decisions), 3 Losses, 9 Draws, 1 No Contest[16]
Res.	Record	Opponent	Type	Rd., Time	Date	Location	Notes
Win	87-3-9	Rodrigo Valdéz	UD	15	1977-07-30	Stade Louis II, Monte Carlo	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	86-3-9	Rodrigo Valdéz	UD	15	1976-06-26	Stade Louis II, Monte Carlo	Retained WBA & The Ring & won WBC Middleweight titles.
Win	85-3-9	Gratien Tonna	KO	5 (15)	1975-12-13	Nouvelle Hippodrome, Paris, Île-de-France	Retained WBA & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	84-3-9	Tony Licata	TKO	10 (15), 2:43	1975-06-30	Madison Square Garden, New York, New York	Retained WBA & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	83-3-9	Tony Mundine	KO	7 (15)	1974-10-05	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	Retained WBA & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	82-3-9	José Nápoles	RTD	7 (15), 3:00	1974-02-09	Puteaux, Hauts-de-Seine	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	81-3-9	Jean-Claude Bouttier	UD	15	1973-09-29	Stade Roland Garros, Paris, Île-de-France	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	80-3-9	Emile Griffith	UD	15	1973-06-02	Stade Louis II, Monte Carlo	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	79-3-9	Roy Dale	KO	5 (10)	1973-05-05	Palazzo Dello Sport, Rome, Lazio	A non-title fight.
Win	78-3-9	Bennie Briscoe	UD	15	1972-11-11	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	77-3-9	Tom Bogs	TKO	5 (15)	1972-08-19	Idraetsparken, Copenhagen	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	76-3-9	Jean-Claude Bouttier	TKO	13 (15)	1972-06-17	Colombes Stadium, Paris, Île-de-France	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	75-3-9	Denny Moyer	TKO	5 (15), 1:50	1972-03-04	Palazzo Dello Sport, Rome, Lazio	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	74-3-9	Fraser Scott	TKO	3 (10), 0:01	1971-12-04	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	A non-title fight.
Win	73-3-9	Emile Griffith	TKO	14 (15), 2:32	1971-09-25	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	72-3-9	Nino Benvenuti	TKO	3 (15), 1:05	1971-05-08	Stade Louis II, Monte Carlo	Retained WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles.
Win	71-3-9	Roy Lee	KO	2 (10)	1971-03-06	Santa Fe, Santa Fe	A non-title fight.
Win	70-3-9	Domingo Guerrero	KO	2 (10)	1971-02-19	Salta, Salta	A non-title fight.
Win	69-3-9	Charley Austin	KO	2 (10)	1970-12-19	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	A non-title fight.
Win	68-3-9	Nino Benvenuti	TKO	12 (15)	1970-11-07	Palazzo Dello Sport, Rome, Lazio	Won WBA, WBC & The Ring Middleweight titles. The Ring magazine's "Fight of the Year" (1970)
Win	67-3-9	Santiago Rosa	KO	4 (10)	1970-09-19	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	66-3-9	Eddie Pace	PTS	10	1970-07-18	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	65-3-9	Adolfo Jorge Cardozo	TKO	3 (10)	1970-04-18	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	64-3-9	Juan Aguilar	RTD	9 (10)	1970-03-07	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	63-3-9	Antonio Aguilar	KO	5 (12)	1970-02-11	Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires	Retained Argentina (FAB) Middleweight title
Win	62-3-9	Carlos Estrada	KO	2 (10)	1969-12-12	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	61-3-9	Manoel Severino	KO	6 (12)	1969-09-27	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	Retained South American Middleweight title
Win	60-3-9	Emilio Ale Ali	TKO	7 (10)	1969-09-05	San Miguel, Tucumán
Win	59-3-9	Tom Bethea	PTS	10	1969-08-09	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	58-3-9	Harold Richardson	KO	3 (10)	1969-07-05	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	57-3-9	Carlos Alberto Salinas	TKO	7 (10)	1969-06-06	Paraná, Entre Ríos
Draw	56-3-9	Carlos Alberto Salinas	PTS	10	1969-04-25	Recreativo Bochas Club, Paraná, Entre Ríos
Win	56-3-8	Mario Taborda	KO	3 (10)	1969-03-14	Club Sportivo, Presidencia Roque Saenz Pena, Chaco
Win	55-3-8	Ruben Orrico	KO	9 (12)	1969-01-10	Santa Fe, Santa Fe	Retained South American Middleweight title
Win	54-3-8	Emilio Ale Ali	PTS	10	1968-12-20	Mendoza, Mendoza
Win	53-3-8	Johnny Brooks	PTS	10	1968-12-07	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	52-3-8	Charley Austin	UD	10	1968-10-23	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	51-3-8	Doug Huntley	KO	4 (10)	1968-08-14	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	50-3-8	Benito Sanchez	KO	4 (10)	1968-07-05	Chaco, Chaco
Win	49-3-8	Juan Aguilar	PTS	10	1968-06-20	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	48-3-8	Alberto Massi	PTS	10	1968-05-17	Córdoba, Córdoba
Draw	47-3-8	Juan Aguilar	PTS	10	1968-04-05	Mendoza, Mendoza
Win	47-3-7	Tito Marshall	PTS	10	1967-11-18	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	46-3-7	Ramon D Rocha	KO	7 (10)	1967-10-20	San Juan, La Rioja
Win	45-3-7	Carlos Estrada	KO	7 (10)	1967-10-06	Trelew, Chubut
Win	44-3-7	Ramon D Rocha	PTS	10	1967-09-08	Rosario, Santa Fe
Win	43-3-7	Tito Marshall	PTS	10	1967-08-16	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	42-3-7	Antonio Aguilar	KO	9 (10)	1967-07-29	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	41-3-7	Jorge Fernandez	UD	12	1967-06-10	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	Won South American Middleweight title
Draw	40-3-7	Bennie Briscoe	PTS	12	1967-05-06	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	40-3-6	Benito Sanchez	TKO	3 (10)	1967-04-09	Santa Elena, Entre Ríos
Win	39-3-6	Angel Alberto Coria	KO	6 (10)	1967-03-25	Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires
Win	38-3-6	Osvaldo Marino	KO	7 (10)	1967-03-09	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	37-3-6	Alberto Massi	PTS	10	1967-02-15	San Francisco, Santa Fe
Win	36-3-6	Eudoro Robledo	KO	4 (10)	1967-01-27	Charata, Chaco
Win	35-3-6	Carlos Alberto Salinas	KO	8 (10)	1967-01-13	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	34-3-6	Marcelo Farias	KO	3 (10)	1966-12-23	San Cristóbal, Santa Fe
Win	33-3-6	Alberto Massi	TKO	8 (10)	1966-12-02	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	32-3-6	Luis Antonio Pereyra	TKO	2 (10)	1966-11-18	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	31-3-6	Angel Alberto Coria	PTS	10	1966-10-01	Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires
Win	30-3-6	Jorge Fernandez	UD	12	1966-09-03	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal	Won Argentina (FAB) Middleweight title
Win	29-3-6	Benito Sanchez	KO	4 (10)	1966-07-08	San Pereyra
Draw	28-3-6	Ubaldo Marcos Bustos	PTS	10	1966-06-03	Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz
Win	28-3-5	Ismael Hamze	TKO	9 (10)	1966-04-29	San Nicolas, Santiago del Estero
Win	27-3-5	Norberto Juncos	KO	7 (10)	1966-02-17	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	26-3-5	Ramon D Rocha	PTS	10	1966-02-04	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Win	25-3-5	Carlos Alberto Salinas	PTS	10	1965-12-29	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	24-3-5	Antonio Aguilar	PTS	10	1965-12-08	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	23-3-5	Celedonio Lima	KO	5 (10)	1965-11-17	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	22-3-5	Gregorio Gomez	PTS	10	1965-10-06	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Draw	21-3-5	Manoel Severino	PTS	8	1965-08-28	Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
Draw	21-3-4	Manoel Severino	PTS	8	1965-08-14	Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
Win	21-3-3	Felipe Cambeiro	PTS	8	1965-08-01	São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro
Win	20-3-3	Alberto Retondo	TKO	8 (10)	1965-07-14	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	19-3-3	Anibal Cordoba	PTS	10	1965-05-19	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Draw	18-3-3	Emilio Ale Ali	PTS	10	1965-04-09	San Miguel, Tucumán
Win	18-3-2	Andres Antonio Selpa	PTS	10	1965-03-11	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
Draw	17-3-2	Andres Antonio Selpa	PTS	10	1965-01-08	Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires
Draw	17-3-1	Celedonio Lima	PTS	10	1964-11-18	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	17–3	Francisco Gilabert	RTD	4 (10)	1964-10-28	Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Loss	16–3	Alberto Massi	UD	10	1964-10-09	Cordoba Sport Club, Córdoba, Córdoba
Win	16–2	Francisco Olea	KO	9 (10)	1964-09-25	Tostado, Santa Fe
Win	15–2	Americo Vacca	KO	3 (10)	1964-09-04	Paraná, Entre Ríos
Win	14–2	Juan Carlos Diaz	KO	9 (10)	1964-08-14	Villa Ángela, Chaco
Win	13–2	Walter Villa	KO	9 (10)	1964-07-24	Ceres, Santa Fe
Win	12–2	Roberto Eduardo Carabajal	PTS	10	1964-07-10	Tostado, Santa Fe
Loss	11–2	Felipe Cambeiro	PTS	8	1964-06-28	Auditorium Río TV, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
Win	11–1	Angel Alberto Coria	PTS	8	1964-06-13	Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires
Win	10–1	Roberto Eduardo Carabajal	KO	8 (8)	1964-01-17	Paraná, Entre Ríos
Win	9–1	Rene Sosa	KO	6 (8)	1963-12-06	Paraná, Entre Ríos
Win	8–1	Benito Sanchez	KO	8 (10)	1963-10-18	Reconquista, Santa Fe
Loss	7–1	Antonio Aguilar	PTS	10	1963-08-28	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	7–0	Lisandro Guzmán	KO	3 (8)	1963-08-09	Córdoba, Córdoba
Win	6–0	Andres Cejas	KO	4 (6)	1963-07-17	Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal
Win	5–0	Jose N Rodriguez	KO	5 (6)	1963-05-31	Paraná, Entre Ríos
Win	4–0	Raul Elio Rivas	KO	5 (10)	1963-05-03	Posadas, Misiones
Win	3–0	Mario Suarez	TKO	8 (10)	1963-04-12	Posadas, Misiones
Win	2–0	Albino Veron	TKO	2 (6)	1963-04-09	Santa Fe, Santa Fe
NC	1–0	Albino Veron	N/D	1 (6)	1963-03-13	Vila, Santa Fe
Win	1-0	Ramón Montenegro	KO	2 (6)	1963-02-06	Club Sportivo Ben Hur, Rafaela, Santa Fe	Professional Debut

See also[link]

• List of WBC world champions
• List of WBA world champions
• List of middleweight boxing champions

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Carlos Monzón

• Professional boxing record for Carlos Monzón from BoxRec
• Carlos "Escopeta" Monzón - IBHOF Biography
• Sports Illustrated, August 8, 1977, Volume 47, Issue 6
• Carlos Monzón at Find a Grave

Awards and achievements
Preceded by Alberto Demiddi	Olimpia de Oro 1972	Succeeded by Horacio Iglesias
Preceded by Joe Frazier	Ring Magazine Fighter of the Year Shared award with Muhammad Ali 1972	Succeeded by George Foreman
Preceded by Joe Frazier	BWAA Fighter of the Year 1972	Succeeded by George Foreman
Preceded by Nino Benvenuti	WBC Middleweight Champion November 7, 1970 - May 25, 1974 Stripped	Vacant Title next held by Rodrigo Valdez
	WBA Middleweight Champion November 7, 1970 - July 30, 1977 Retired
	The Ring Middleweight Champion November 7, 1970 - July 30, 1977 Retired
Preceded by Rodrigo Valdez	WBC Middleweight Champion June 26, 1976 - July 30, 1977 Retired
Preceded by Nino Benvenuti	World Middleweight Champion November 7, 1970 - February 9, 1974 Titles fractured	Succeeded by Rodrigo Valdez