Unlike other military structures of Russian naval infantry has its own system of unarmed combat (Create a regular Russian naval infantry was associated with the struggle for access to the Russian Azov Sea and Baltic Sea in the late XVII - early XVIII centuries.However, even earlier - in the second half of the XVI century - as crew flotilla set up on the orders of Ivan the Terrible, formed a special team archers (marines), which can be considered the prototype of the Marines [source not specified 866 days].In 1669, the first Russian military sailing ship "Eagle" had a team of 35 people marines (Nizhny Novgorod archers) led by Commander Ivan Domozhirov designed to boarding-landing operations and guard duty.During the Azov campaigns on ships of the Azov Sea and Baltic fleets have successfully acted as marine units most capable and Transfiguration Semenov regiment, of which the composition was formed Marine regiment (Regiment) in the amount of 4254 people. The commander of the 4th company was registered under the name of Pyotr Alexeyev himself Peter A. Romanov.In the years 1701-1702, the struggle of the Russian army troops acting on small rowing boats (Strugi, sailboat, etc.), the Swedish fleet on lake Ladoga and Lake Peipsi. These squads were formed from the personnel of the service took place in the fleet of army infantry regiments Ostrovsky, Tolbukhina, Tyrtova Shnevetsova and, as a result of a number of boarding battles defeated the Swedish fleet, consisting of large sailing ships that had strong artillery and manned by professional crews. Fighting in these regiments were different boldness, courage and determination.To truly appreciate the role of marine soldiers during the Northern War, Peter I was able, by taking part in boarding combat in May 1703, when the mouth of the Neva were captured by two Swedish ship. The important role played by the Marines in the defense of the island of Kotlin where clearly manifested heroism, courage and bravery regiments Tolbukhina and Ostrovsky, have added many glorious pages in the history of the Russian military.After the defense Kotlin summer 1705 again raised the question of creating the fleet of specially trained marine units.16 (27) November 1705 decree of Peter I, was formed Marine Regiment. This day was the birthday of the Marine Corps Russia.Officers of the Marine Corps came with a non-commissioned officers of the Life Guards and the Semenov regiment, who have been trained, educated and gained combat experience during the Great Northern War. Adopted under Peter I decree "On primogeniture" and "Table of Ranks" allowed to form the officer corps of the best representatives of the Russian nation, in particular the nobility, as the basis of Russian autocracy. Overriding rule of Peter I - «In the service - honor" came in the flesh and blood of the Russian officers of the Marine Corps XVIII century. Rank and file of Russian marines different social, ethnic and religious homogeneity, which gave it the character of a single organism, fostered a sense of patriotism and of duty to protect the homeland. All these features of the Russian Marines helped maintain a high morale of personnel as opposed to the fleets of the European states, completed with the hiring and representing a variety of on the national and ethnic and religious composition of the troops that it was impossible to teach, nor to lead the fight differently than by brutal drill.In the development and formation of modern combat Marines significant role and achievements belong to General JS Skuratov.The Great Patriotic War [edit] Form and weapons of the Soviet Marines after 1943By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet Navy had only one brigade of marines in the Baltic Fleet, but with the beginning of the war the development and training of troops, battalions and brigades. During the war the Marines who took part in the fighting was about 100,000 people. The military situation demanded sending a large number of Marines on land fronts. During the war, the Marines proved themselves in the defense of Moscow, Leningrad, Odessa, Sevastopol, Murmansk, Stalingrad, Novorossiisk, Kerch. For Service in Battle 5 brigades and two Marine battalions converted into guard, 9 and 6 battalions, brigades were awarded medals, awarded many honorary titles. 122 Marines were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. [1] The only female commander of a platoon of marines during World War II - Guard Lieutenant EN Zavaliy).

• published: 05 Feb 2014
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