Keele University is a campus university near Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. It was the first new British university in the 20th century, founded in 1949 as an experimental college dedicated to a broad curriculum and interdisciplinary study,[2] Keele is most notable for pioneering the dual honours degree in Britain.[3] The university occupies a 620 acre (250 ha) rural campus close to the village of Keele and houses a science park and a conference centre, making it the largest main campus university in the UK.[4] The university's School of Medicine and School of Nursing and Midwifery also operate the clinical part of their courses from a separate campus at the University Hospital of North Staffordshire in Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent.
Keele University was established in 1949 as the University College of North Staffordshire, at the initiative of A D Lindsay, then Professor of Philosophy and Master of Balliol College, Oxford. Lindsay was a strong advocate of working-class adult education,[5] who had first suggested a "people's university" in an address to the North Staffordshire Workers' Educational Association in 1925.[6]
On 13 March 1946, Lindsay wrote to Sir Walter Moberly, chair of the University Grants Committee (UGC), suggesting the establishment of a college “on new lines”.[7] Established practice was for new colleges to be launched without degree-awarding powers, instead taking external degrees of the University of London. Crucially, Lindsay wanted to “get rid of the London external degree”, instead forming a college with the authority from the start to set its own syllabus, perhaps acting under the sponsorship of an established university. Lindsay wrote also to the Vice-Chancellor of Oxford, tentatively requesting just such sponsorship.[7]
An exploratory committee was established by Stoke-on-Trent City Council, chaired by Lindsay and supported by Alderman Thomas Horwood, Vicar of Etruria and leader of the Labour group on the City Council.[8] Having secured public funding from the UGC in January 1948,[9] the Committee acquired Keele Hall, a stately home on the outskirts of Newcastle-under-Lyme, from its owner, Ralph Sneyd.[10] The Hall, ancestral residence of the Sneyd family, had previously been requisitioned by the War Office for military use during World War II, and was supplied with the bulk of the Sneyd estate and a number of prefabricated structures erected by the Army, for the sum of £31,000.[10]
The first graduate was Margaret Boulds in 1954, graduating in Philosophy and English. Growing steadily, the University College was promoted to university status in 1962, receiving a new Royal charter in January of that year,[11] and adopting the name The University of Keele. This remains the official name, although Keele University is now the everyday usage. It is one of the first so-called "Plate glass universities" in the country.
In 1968, the Royal Commission on Medical Education (1965–68) issued the "Todd Report", which considered the possibility of a medical school being established at Keele. It was thought that North Staffordshire would be a good site, having a large local population and several large hospitals. It was considered that a minimum intake of 150 students a year would be necessary to make a medical school at economically and educationally viable. However, the university was at that time too small to support a medical school of this size. However, in 1978, Keele Department of Postgraduate Medicine opened. This conducted medical research and postgraduate medical education, but did not teach undergraduate medical students. In 2002, some students from Manchester Medical School began being taught at Keele. Finally Keele's own medical school opened in 2007.
In 1994, the Oswestry and North Staffordshire School of Physiotherapy (ONSSP), which had been a separate institution based at the Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital in Oswestry, Shropshire, merged with Keele University, becoming Keele's Department of Physiotherapy Studies, and relocating from Oswestry to the Keele University campus. In August 1995, Keele University merged with North Staffordshire College of Nursing and Midwifery, forming the new School of Nursing and Midwifery.
In 1998 and 1999 there was some controversy over the decision by university authorities to sell the Turner Collection, a valuable collection of mathematical printed books including some which had belonged to – and had been heavily annotated by – Isaac Newton, in order to fund major improvements to the university library. Senior university officials authorised the sale of the collection to a private buyer, with no guarantee that it would remain intact or within the UK. Although legally permissible, the sale was unpopular among the academic community and the controversy was fuelled by prolonged negative press coverage suggesting that the £1m sale price was too low and that the collection was certain to be broken up.[12]
Due to declining popularity and funding, the German department closed in December 2004,[13] although retaining its physics degree despite the subject facing similar pressures.[14]
In 2009, the university was awarded a Queen's Anniversary Prizes for Higher and Further Education, for "pioneering work with the NHS in early intervention and primary care in the treatment of chronic pain and arthritis, linking research to delivery to patients through GP networks and user groups."[15]
In 2012 Keele has introduced two new foundation years, the international foundation year and the accelerated international foundation year, that add to the existing offer, as the humanities, science, social science, health, general foundation years and foundation year for the visually impaired. The two new additions respond to the new strategy of the university, willing to promote the intake of students from abroad, whom may need to adapt to UK education system and syllabus, as well as perfecting their English skills, before enrolling to the degree, or combination of degrees, of their choice.
Keele Hall, formerly the ancestral home of the Sneyd family; now part of Keele University.
Keele's goal is to become the "ultimate 21st-century campus university".[4] The campus is largely rural with 19th century architecture.[16] It is close to Newcastle-under-Lyme and Hanley (which is the main centre of the City of Stoke-on-Trent). By rail, Birmingham, Manchester, and Liverpool are about an hour[16] and London about 90 minutes by rail and three to four hours by road.[16]
Apart from increasing numbers of academic and residential buildings, other facilities include an astronomical observatory, art gallery, arboretum, chapel, Islamic centre, shops, cafés and places to eat and drink. Keele Golf Course and practice range are close by. The campus also has science, business enterprise parks and conference centres. It is also home to the Earth Science Education Unit (ESEU).[17]
The university has planning permission for a building programme on a 80 acres (32 ha) part of the campus for a mixture of academic and residential buildings to accommodate increased student numbers.
There are five halls of residence on the main campus: Barnes, Lindsay, Holly Cross, The Oaks and Horwood. Hawthorns Hall is located off site in Keele Village just outside the main entrance. These halls provide accommodation for approximately 70% of all full-time students.[18]
Barnes Hall has no M block (it has A to L and N to X) because the building became unsafe due to subsidence and was demolished. The large open area adjacent to L block helped an urban legend develop that M block sank into the ground due to an abandoned mine tunnel.[19] Another building anomaly is the seventh floor of O Block in Horwood. Although the top storey has windows and walls, the roof was never added.[20]
Students in their first year are not guaranteed accommodation, only for students which make Keele university their first choice, leaving students who choose Keele as their insurance to find another form of accommodation.[21] Final Year students have previously been guaranteed accommodation, and the current prospectus still states that this is the case. However, as of 15 December 2011 students have been informed that from this date on only a few hundred rooms of the 3,200 will be allocated to final year students.[22]
Keele University Students' Union organises social activities throughout the year. There are student socials most nights, with the busiest being "Wednesday Night Project" and a fortnightly "Flirt!" night) and the Pound A Drink night on Monday. The union has several bars - The Lounge, Sam's Bar, Barista and K2 - and restaurants - Harveys Coffee Shop and The Kiln. The Golfer's Arms adjacent to the campus, but this was sold to the local council at the end of 2005.
The students' union magazine, Concourse, is issued about once a month. In the early 1990s the union RAG committee was instrumental in the formation of the "National Association of RAGs". This wider scope of activity lead to good natured rivalry with other RAG committees, especially Warwick and Cardiff.
The Keele university team won the 1968 series of University Challenge.[23] The same team also made runner up to Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (1979) in the 2002 special University Challenge: Reunited.
In the early 1980s Keele attracted the attention of the national press and television news when some students founded a 'cuddling society' and a 'mass cuddle' was filmed in the car park outside the students' union.
The post-modern sculpture situated outside Keele's Library was stolen by a visiting sports team, only to be later retrieved and securely fitted. In 2005 the same statue was damaged in protest against the university's policy of fining its undergraduate students.
In 2007, Keele University students were responsible for getting Keele featured as a location on the UK 'Here and Now' version of the traditional board game Monopoly. People in the UK had an opportunity to vote for which places should make the board, and Keele was the highest "wild-card" location which made it on. It even finished higher on the board than London, and takes the place of "Fleet Street" in the game.[24] Later that year, Keele students won a competition hosted by O2 via Facebook called "The battle for the UK's favourite university", scoring over 172,000 points by uploading photos, videos and making wall posts on the group. The prize for winning the competition was a party at their students' union, hosted by O2.
There is also a very popular student radio station called KUBE Radio (Keele University Broadcasting Enterprises), broadcast over the internet. It is currently the most internationally acclaimed student radio station, with awards for Best Online Only Radio Station in both the New York Festivals and the European Radio Awards.
The university's distinctive profile reflects the aims of its founders: breadth of study and community atmosphere.[25]
Breadth of study was guaranteed by the "pioneering"[26] four-year dual-honours degree programmes initially offered by Keele.[4] The university's curriculum required every student to study two "principal" subjects to honours level, as well as further "subsidiary" subjects, with an additional requirement that students should study at least one subject from each of the subject groupings of Arts, Sciences and Social Sciences.[27] The cross-disciplinary requirement was reinforced by the Foundation Year, an innovation which meant that for the first year of the four-year programmes, all students would study a common course of interdisciplinary "foundation studies". In the words of the first UCNS Prospectus, the programme offered:
"...a broad education based upon an understanding of the heritage of civilisation, movements and conditions, and of the nature, methods and influence of the experimental sciences"
[28]
Standard three-year degrees were introduced in 1973[29] and the numbers of students following the Foundation Year course have steadily dwindled since. The Foundation Year has never quite been formally discontinued, however, and remains an option for prospective students who qualify for entry into Higher Education, but lack subject-specific qualifications for specific degree programmes.[30] By contrast, the Dual Honours system at Keele remains distinctive and popular, with almost 90 per cent of current undergraduates reading dual honours.[16] Able to combine any two available subjects, students have a choice of over 500 degree courses in all.[4] The university also offers a study abroad semester to most of its students.[4]
As an experimental community, Keele was initially founded as a "wholly residential"[25] institution. Of the initial intake of 159 students in October 1950, 149 were resident on campus,[31] and it was required of the first professors appointed that they should also be in residence.[32] With the expansion of the university, total residency has long since been abandoned, but the proportion of students and staff resident on campus remains above average at 62% in 2011[1] of full-time students having fallen from 70% in 2006.[18] A significant proportion of staff also currently live on campus.[1]
The university also had a reputation for political activism, especially left-wing radicalism,[33] having been dubbed, in its early years, a "School for Socialists"[34] and "The Kremlin on the Hill".[35] This left-wing radicalism largely faded over time, and symbolically appeared to end in January 2008, when Keele became the last university in Britain to close its 'industrial relations' department, though the courses in industrial relations continue to run and recruit well.[36]
Keele has a graduation rate of over 90%,[4] with over 60% achieving 1sts or 2:1s.[21] 90% of undergraduates are state-educated (a figure exceeded by only two traditional universities in England), and over 25% of students are from working-class backgrounds.[4] In recent years Keele has attempted to boost this number by reaching out to local schools and hosting a summer school at the university.[4] In February 2011, a Sutton Trust report revealed that 3·4% of Keele had had free school meals, whilst 7·9% had attended independent schools.[37] This compares the national figures for England of 14% eligible for free school meals,[38] and 7% independently educated.[39]
Notes (i) '=' means equal with one or more other institutions (ii) 32/122 means 32nd out of 122 institutions evaluated (iii) 301-350 means in the band between 301st and 350th rank
The Quality Assurance Agency (QAA) conducted an audit of Keele's teaching in May 2004 and reported "broad confidence" in the uversity's teaching quality.[43] There are three faculties:
- The Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences contains the Schools of
- Public Policy and Professional Practice (Education, Social Work, Gerontology, Health Policy, Public Policy, Clinical Management and Leadership)
- Economic & Management Studies (Economics, Health Planning and Management, Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations, Management)
- Humanities (American studies, English, History, Languages, Culture and Creative Arts)
- Law (Professional Ethics, Law)
- Politics, International Relations & Philosophy
- Sociology and Criminology
- The Faculty of Natural Sciences contains the Schools of
- Computing & Mathematics
- Life Sciences
- Earth Sciences & Geography
- Physical & Geographical Sciences
- Psychology
- The Faculty of Health contains the Schools of
All Keele’s courses are modular, with the academic year divided into two 15-week semesters, with breaks at Christmas and Easter.[4] There are approximately 14 students to every member of staff.[21]
In the 2001 Research Assessment Exercise, the research of one department (Law) was rated 5* and that of a further six departments (English, Mathematics (Applied), History, American Studies, the School of Politics, International Relations and the Environment (since 2003: the School of Politics, International Relations and Philosophy) ("SPIRE") and the Centre for Science and Technology in Medicine ("CSTM")) was rated 5. An interdepartmental submission to the Social Policy and Administration panel was also rated 5. In the 2008 exercise 45 per cent of the work submitted was judged to be world-leading or internationally excellent.[4]
Research in psychology, biology, Russian, music, business and management studies and community-based clinical subjects was also highly rated in the RAE 2001.[44]
Research activities are co-ordinated by a Graduate School[45] and organised in five Research Institutes:
- Humanities
- Social Sciences
- Environment, Physical Sciences and Applied Mathematics (EPSAM)
- Science and Technology in Medicine
- Primary Care and Health Sciences
Since 2005, an Office of Research and Enterprise has managed Keele's "enterprise activities".
The cochlear implant was developed in the Department of Communication and Neuroscience at Keele. Other medical research includes detecting Parkinson's disease early,[46] and using Stem cell research to aid the healing process.[47] Other notable medical research includes attempts to explain the evolution of the human brain,[48] looking into links between cannabis and mental illness (cited in the debate on 2009 reclassification debate[49][50]), as well as tumour and cancer research.[51][52]
Sociological research includes middle class behaviour[53] especially findings that suggested that the 'law abiding majority' theory was a myth,[54] and that middle class persons were more likely to commit crimes than commonly believed.[55][56][57] Other research has been undertaken into the effectiveness of social work,[58] including care for the elderly.[59] Educational research has shown how music can help a child develop in school,[60] and how health and safety had affected British children.[61] Other research has shown how e-mails have made communication more complex.[62]
The university has also undertaken sports-related research projects,[63] and has worked with the Premier League to develop technology for detecting offside players.[64] Keele academics have also conducted research into how women perceived sport.[65]
In August 2009, university astronomers, led by David Anderson, discovered the first planet that orbits in the opposite direction to the spin of its star.[66] The planet was named WASP-17b.[67]
In 2010 Richard Stephens, John Atkins, and Andrew Kingston won the Ig Nobel prize for confirming the widely held belief that swearing relieves pain.[68]
In 2010 a medical centre in Newport, Shropshire was completed, for students to learn in real medical situations and research medical sciences.
Keele has a tradition of participation in many different sports, ranging from rugby to lacrosse and dodgeball. Sports teams and issues raised are managed by the Athletic Union. The leisure centre is one of the largest dry leisure complexes in Staffordshire.[69] The centre has two national standard sports halls, a single court gymnasium, a fitness centre, dance studio and climbing wall. Outside there is an all weather floodlit AstroTurf pitch, tennis courts and extensive playing fields. It is also the first university centre in the UK to offer a full "Kinesis" gym facility.[70]
Keele University Sports Centre hosts the matches of Newcastle (Staffs) Volleyball Club, providing around 110 tiered seats with the perfect view of some of the best matches in English Volleyball. The university's sports centre has also hosted to the "Last 8s" competition of the Volleyball England under 16 and under 18 cups in recent years, as well as the senior cup semi-finals.
The university also hosts the "Keele International Cup", formerly the "Umbro International Cup", an international youth football tournament which attracts several football teams from around the world. A notable former competitor in the tournament is Stoke City defender Danny Higginbotham, who played for the Manchester United Academy back when the tournament was still being held in Manchester.[71]
In 2012, Keele University also took part in the first official inter-university Muggle Quidditch match, winning and thus becoming the top ranked team in the country. Members of this team will also be representing the UK at the upcoming Quidditch Summer Games along with members of the Leicester squad, with teams from the US and Australia both coming to England to play.
Since 2007, Staffordshire University and Keele University have engaged in a varsity. Since 2012, Keele has won the varsity in 2008, 2010, 2011 and 2012, While Staffordshire has won it in 2007 and 2009. [72] [73] [74]
Professor Dame
Janet Finch, former Vice-Chancellor of Keele.
Principals and Vice-Chancellors
Presidents and Chancellors
National Teaching Fellows [77]
- Professor Patrick Bailey - Dean of Natural Sciences, NTF at Manchester
- Dr Stephen Bostock - previously Head of the Learning Development Unit
- Dr Jonathan Parker - Senior Lecturer in Politics
- Professor Val Wass - Head of the Medical School, NTF at Manchester
- Giles Hooper - Author and Head of Music, University of Liverpool
The university's
arms, displayed on the front of the library
Academics
Arts, Media, Entertainment, Sports
Politics
Public service
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- ^ Highfield, Roger (31 October 2007). "Alien worlds suggest Earth-like planets". The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/3312400/Alien-worlds-suggest-Earth-like-planets.html. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
- ^ Rincorn, Paul (12 August 2009). "New exoplanet orbits 'backwards'". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/8197683.stm. Retrieved 14 August 2009.
- ^ Alleyne, Richard (1 October 2010). "Annual Ig Nobel awards presented for the most 'improbable' research". The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8034881/Annual-Ig-Nobel-awards-presented-for-the-most-improbable-research.html. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
- ^ "Environment and Facilities". Archived from the original on 16 May 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070516223851/http://www.keele.ac.uk/depts/aa/postgraduate/environment.htm. Retrieved 14 June 2007.
- ^ "Keele University Annual Review 2005" (PDF). 2006. pp. 16. Archived from the original on 26 September 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070926121646/http://www.keele.ac.uk/depts/uso/pr/publications/AnnualReview2005.pdf#page=16. Retrieved 15 June 2007.
- ^ "DANNY HIGGINBOTHAM". Imagine Football. http://www.imaginesoccer.com/keele-international-cup/danny-higginbotham.htm. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ [3]
- ^ Keele University Announces New Chancellor, 10 November 2011
- ^ New Chancellor appointed, 9 November 2012, accessed 10 February 2012
- ^ "Keele's National Teaching Fellows". keele.ac.uk. http://www.keele.ac.uk/depts/aa/landt/ntfs.htm. Retrieved 21 November 2010.
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