- published: 20 Feb 2016
- views: 1109
John Caius (born John Kays) ( /ˈkiːz/; 6 October 1510 – 29 July 1573), also known as Johannes Caius, was an English physician, and second founder of the present Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.
Caius was born in Norwich and in 1529 was admitted as a student at what was then Gonville Hall, Cambridge, founded by Edmund Gonville in 1348 - where he seems to have mainly studied divinity.
After graduating in 1533, he visited Italy, where he studied under the celebrated Montanus and Vesalius at Padua. In 1541 he took his degree as a physician at the University of Padua.
In 1543 he visited several parts of Italy, Germany and France and then returned to England. Upon his return from Italy he Latinised his surname, an action which although self aggrandising, was somewhat fashionable at the time.
Caius was a physician in London in 1547, and was admitted as a fellow of the College of Physicians, of which he was for many years president.
In 1557 at that time physician to Queen Mary, he enlarged the foundation of his old college, changed the name from "Gonville Hall" to "Gonville and Caius College," and endowed it with several considerable estates, adding an entire new court at the expense of £1,834. He accepted the mastership of the college 24 January 1559 on the death of Dr Bacon, and held it till about a month before his own death.
John Milton (9 December 1608 – 8 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, a scholarly man of letters, and a civil servant for the Commonwealth (republic) of England under Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost.
Milton's poetry and prose reflect deep personal convictions, a passion for freedom and self determination, and the urgent issues and political turbulence of his day. Writing in English, Latin, and Italian, he achieved international renown within his lifetime, and his celebrated Areopagitica, (written in condemnation of pre-publication censorship) is among history's most influential and impassioned defenses of free speech and freedom of the press.
William Hayley's 1796 biography called him the "greatest English author", and he remains generally regarded "as one of the preeminent writers in the English language"; though critical reception has oscillated in the centuries since his death (often on account of his republicanism). Samuel Johnson praised Paradise Lost as "a poem which...with respect to design may claim the first place, and with respect to performance, the second, among the productions of the human mind". Though Johnson (a Tory and recipient of royal patronage) described his politics as those of an "acrimonious and surly republican".
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