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"Changes" is the twentieth episode of the seventh season of the American medical drama House. It aired on May 2, 2011.

Plot[link]

The team takes on the case of a lottery winner (Donal Logue) suffering from paralysis and multiple types of cancer, and they must figure out if it his new millionaire lifestyle that is making him sick. Meanwhile, Cuddy's mother threatens to sue the hospital over her treatment, and Foreman and Chase make a bet over who is repressing the uglier side of their personality more.

Reception[link]

[edit] Critical Response

The AV Club gave this episode a C+ rating.^[1]

References[link]

External links[link]

• "Changes" at Fox.com
• "Changes" at the Internet Movie Database
• "Changes" at TV.com

Look up changes in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Change

Changes may refer to:

Music[link]

• A jazz term for chord progression
• Changes (DVD), a 2004 documentary and live DVD by the heavy metal band Godsmack

Bands[link]

• Changes (band), an American folk band
• The Changes (band), an American rock band

Albums[link]

• Changes (Billy "Crash" Craddock album), 1980
• Changes (Taylor Horn album), 2006
• Changes (Jarrett album), by Keith Jarrett, Jack DeJohnette and Gary Peacock
• Changes (Lisa Miskovsky album), 2006
• Changes (The Monkees album), 1970
• Changes (Kelly Osbourne album), Kelly Osbourne's second studio album
• Changes (Vanilla Sky album), Vanilla Sky's third album
• Changes (Tanya Tucker album), 1983
• Changes (Christopher Williams album), 1992
• Changes (A Cursive Memory album), 2008
• Changes (Catapilla album), 1972
• Changes (For the Fallen Dreams album), 2008
• Changes (Keni Burke album), 1982
• Changes (Kiley Dean album), 2010
• Changes (Alyson Avenue album)
• Changes, an album by R. Carlos Nakai
• Changes, an album by Johnny Rivers
• Changes, an album by Alexander Kowalski, 2006
• Changesbowie, a David Bowie compilation album

Songs[link]

• "Changes" (David Bowie song), a song by David Bowie on his 1971 album Hunky Dory
• "Changes" (Tupac Shakur song), a 1998 song by Tupac Shakur on his Greatest Hits album
• "Changes" (Black Sabbath song), a 1972 ballad by Black Sabbath, remade as a duet by Kelly and Ozzy Osbourne
• "Changes" (Will Young song), a 2008 song by Will Young on his fourth studio album, Let It Go
• "Changes" (Gareth Gates song), a 2007 song by Gareth Gates, from the album Pictures of the Other Side
• "Changes" (Imagination song), a 1982 song by Imagination, from the album In the Heat of the Night
• "Changes" (Yes song), a song by Yes on the album 90125
• "Changes", a song by "Buddy" Miles & Jimi Hendrix on the album Band of Gypsys
• "Changes", a song by Jane's Addiction
• "Changes", a song by Phil Ochs
• "Changes", a song by Godsmack on the album Faceless
• "Changes", a song by The Zombies on the album Odessey and Oracle
• "Changes", a song by 3 Doors Down on the album Away from the Sun
• "Changes", a song by Sugar on the album Copper Blue
• "Changes", a song by Chris Lake
• "Changes", a song by Moby Grape on their album Moby Grape
• "Changes", a song by Santana on their album Zebop!

Film and television[link]

• Changes (1991 film), a 1991 television film
• Changes (1969 film), a 1969 American drama film
• The Changes (TV series), produced by the BBC in 1975
• "Changes" (House), a 2011 episode of the American medical drama House

Novels[link]

• Changes (novel), the twelfth novel in Jim Butcher's The Dresden Files Series
• Changes (Danielle Steel novel), a novel by Danielle Steel
• Changes, a trilogy of novels on which the BBC TV series was based, written by Peter Dickinson

See also[link]

• Change (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

A traditional house in Novosibirsk, Siberia, Russia

A ranch-style house in Salinas, California, US

"Terem" – Traditional house in European Russia

A Mongolian ger near the Gurvan Saikhan Mountains (in the background); part of Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park

A house is a building or structure that has the ability to be occupied for habitation by humans or other creatures.^[1][2] The term house includes many kinds of dwellings ranging from rudimentary huts of nomadic tribes to complex structures composed of many systems.^[3] English-speaking people generally call any building they routinely occupy "home".

The social unit that lives in a house is known as a household. Most commonly, a household is a family unit of some kind, though households may be other social groups, organizations or individuals.

Etymology[link]

The English word house derives directly from Old English Hus meaning "dwelling, shelter, home, house," which in turn derives from Proto-Germanic Khusan (reconstructed by etymological analysis) which is of unknown origin.^[4] The house itself gave rise to the letter 'B' through an early Proto-Semitic hieroglyphic symbol depicting a house. The symbol was called "bayt", "bet" or "beth" in various related languages, and became beta, the Greek letter, before it was used by the Romans.^[5]

Inside the house[link]

Layout[link]

Example of an early Victorian "Gingerbread House" in Connecticut, United States, built in 1855

Ideally, architects of houses design rooms to meet the needs of the people who will live in the house. Such designing, known as "interior design", has become a popular subject in universities. Feng shui, originally a Chinese method of moving houses according to such factors as rain and micro-climates, has recently expanded its scope to address the design of interior spaces with a view to promoting harmonious effects on the people living inside the house. Feng shui can also mean the "aura" in or around a dwelling. Compare the real-estate sales concept of "indoor-outdoor flow".

The square footage of a house in the United States reports the area of "living space", excluding the garage and other non-living spaces. The "square meters" figure of a house in Europe reports the area of the walls enclosing the home, and thus includes any attached garage and non-living spaces.^{[citation needed]} How many floors, or levels, the home is will play a big role in determining the square footage of a home.^{[citation needed]}

Parts[link]

Floor plan of a "foursquare" house

Many houses have several large rooms with specialized functions and several very small rooms for other various reasons. These may include a living/eating area, a sleeping area, and (if suitable facilities and services exist) washing and lavatory areas. Additionally, spa room, indoor pool, indoor basketball goal, and so forth. In traditional agriculture-oriented societies, domestic animals such as chickens or larger livestock (like cattle) often share part of the house with human beings. Most conventional modern houses will at least contain a bedroom, bathroom, kitchen or cooking area, and a living room. A typical "foursquare house" (as pictured) occurred commonly in the early history of the US where they were mainly built, with a staircase in the center of the house, surrounded by four rooms, and connected to other sections of the home (including in more recent eras a garage).

The names of parts of a house often echo the names of parts of other buildings, but could typically include:

History of the interior[link]

It is unknown of the complete origin of the house and its interior, but it can be traced back to the most simplest form of shelters. Roman architect Vitruvius' theories have claimed the first form of architecture as a frame of timber branches finished in mud, also known as the primitive hut.^[6] Philip Tabor later states the contribution of 17th century Dutch houses as the foundation of houses today.

"As far as the idea of the home is concerned, the home of the home is the Netherlands. This idea's crystallization might be dated to the first three-quarters of the seventeenth century, when the Dutch Netherlands amassed the unprecedented and unrivalled accumulation of capital, and emptied their purses into domestic space.^[7]

Communal rooms[link]

In the Middle Ages, the Manor Houses facilitated different activities and events. Furthermore, the houses accommodated numerous people, including the likes of the family, relatives, employees, servants and their guests.^[6] Their lifestyles were largely communal, as areas such as the Great Hall enforced the custom of dining and meetings and the Solar intended for shared sleeping beds.^[8]

Interconnecting rooms[link]

During the 15th and 16th centuries, the Italian Renaissance Palazzo consisted of plentiful rooms of connectivity. Unlike the qualities and uses of the Manor Houses, most rooms of the palazzo contained no purpose, yet were given several doors. These doors adjoined rooms in which Robin Evans describes as a "matrix of discrete but thoroughly interconnected chambers."^[9] The layout allowed occupants to freely walk room to room from one door to another, thus breaking the boundaries of privacy.

"Once inside it is necessary to pass from on room to the next, then to the next to traverse the building. Where passages and staircases are used, as inevitably they are, they nearly always connect just one space to another and never serve as general distributors of movement. Thus, despite the precise architectural containment offered by the addition of room upon room, the villa was, in terms of occupation, an open plan, relatively permeable to the numerous members of the household."^[9]

Although very public, the open plan however encouraged sociality and connectivity for all inhabitants.^[6]

Corridor[link]

It is believed that the segregation of rooms and the initiation of privacy may have been first founded in 1597, England at the Beaufort House, Chelsea. Designed by English architect John Thorpe, he writes on his plans, "A Long Entry through all".^[10] The separation of the passageway from the room developed the function of the corridor. This new extension was revolutionary at the time, allowing the integration of one door per room, in which all universally connected to the same corridor. English-German architect Sir Roger Pratt states "the common way in the middle through the whole length of the house, [avoids] the offices from one molesting the other by continual passing through them."^[11] Social hierarchies within the 17th century was highly regarded, as architecture was able epitomize the servants and the upper class. More privacy is offered to the occupant as Pratt further claims, "the ordinary servants may never publicly appear in passing to and fro for their occasions there."^[11] These prejudices between rich and poor soon influenced the integration of the corridor in housing by the 19th century.

Sociologist Witold Rybczynski wrote, "the subdivision of the house into day and night uses, and into formal and informal areas, had begun."^[12] Rooms were changed from public to private as single entryways forced notions of entering a room with a specific purpose.^[6]

Work-free house[link]

Compared to the large scaled houses in England and the Renaissance, the 17th Century Dutch house was smaller, and was only inhabited by up to four to five members.^[6] This was due to their embracement of "self-reliance",^[6] distinguishing the dependence on servants and encompassing lifestyles surrounded by family. It was important for the Dutch to separate work from domesticity, as the home became an escape and a place of comfort. This way of living and the home is noted to be highly similar to the contemporary family and their inhabitations. House layouts also possessed the idea of the corridor as well as the importance of function and privacy.

By the end of the 17th Century, the house layout was soon transformed to become work-free, enforcing these ideas within the long future. This came in favour for the industrial revolution, gaining large-scale factory production and workers.^[6] The house layout of the Dutch and its functions are still relevant today.

Technology and privacy[link]

The introduction of technology and electronic systems within the house has questioned the impressions of privacy as well as the segregation of work from home. Technological advances of surveillance and communications allow insight of personal habits and private lives.^[6] As a result, the "private becomes ever more public, [and] the desire for a protective home life increases, fuelled by the very media that undermine it" writes Hill.^[6] Work also, has been altered due to the increase of communications. The "deluge of information",^[6] has expressed the efforts of work, conveniently gaining access inside the house. Although commuting is reduced, "the desire to separate working and living remains apparent."^[6] In Jonathan Hill's book Immature Architecture, he identifies this new invasion of privacy as Electromagnetic Weather. Natural or man-made weather remains concurrent inside or outside the house, yet the electromagnetic weather is able to generate within both positions.^{[6][clarification needed]}

Construction[link]

The structure of the house (under demolition). This house is constructed from bricks and wood and was later covered by insulating panels. The roof construction is also seen.

In the United States, modern house-construction techniques include light-frame construction (in areas with access to supplies of wood) and adobe or sometimes rammed-earth construction (in arid regions with scarce wood-resources). Some areas use brick almost exclusively, and quarried stone has long provided walling. To some extent, aluminum and steel have displaced some traditional building materials. Increasingly popular alternative construction materials include insulating concrete forms (foam forms filled with concrete), structural insulated panels (foam panels faced with oriented strand board or fiber cement), and light-gauge steel framing and heavy-gauge steel framing.^{[citation needed]}

More generally, people often build houses out of the nearest available material, and often tradition and/or culture govern construction-materials, so whole towns, areas, counties or even states/countries may be built out of one main type of material. For example, a large fraction of American houses use wood, while most British and many European houses utilize stone or brick.

In the 1900s, some house designers started using prefabrication. Sears, Roebuck & Co. first marketed their Sears Catalog Homes to the general public in 1908. Prefab techniques became popular after World War II. First small inside rooms framing, then later, whole walls were prefabricated and carried to the construction site. The original impetus was to use the labor force inside a shelter during inclement weather. More recently builders have begun to collaborate with structural engineers who use computers and finite element analysis to design prefabricated steel-framed homes with known resistance to high wind-loads and seismic forces. These newer products provide labor savings, more consistent quality, and possibly accelerated construction processes.

Lesser-used construction methods have gained (or regained) popularity in recent years. Though not in wide use, these methods frequently appeal to homeowners who may become actively involved in the construction process. They include:

• Cannabrick construction
• Cordwood construction
• Geodesic domes
• Straw-bale construction
• Wattle and daub

Thermographic comparison of traditional (left) and "passivhaus" (right) buildings.

Energy efficiency[link]

In the developed world, energy-conservation has grown in importance in house-design. Housing produces a major proportion of carbon emissions (30% of the total in the UK, for example).^[14]

Development of a number of low-energy building types and techniques continues. They include the zero-energy house, the passive solar house, the autonomous buildings, the superinsulated and houses built to the Passivhaus standard.

Earthquake protection[link]

One tool of earthquake engineering is base isolation which is increasingly used for earthquake protection. Base isolation is a collection of structural elements of a building that should substantially decouple it from the shaking ground thus protecting the building's integrity^[15] and enhancing its seismic performance. This technology, which is a kind of seismic vibration control, can be applied both to a newly designed building and to seismic upgrading of existing structures.^[16]

Normally, excavations are made around the building and the building is separated from the foundations. Steel or reinforced concrete beams replace the connections to the foundations, while under these, the isolating pads, or base isolators, replace the material removed. While the base isolation tends to restrict transmission of the ground motion to the building, it also keeps the building positioned properly over the foundation. Careful attention to detail is required where the building interfaces with the ground, especially at entrances, stairways and ramps, to ensure sufficient relative motion of those structural elements.

Found Materials[link]

In many parts of the world, houses are constructed using scavenged materials. In Manila, houses in the Payatas neighborhood are made primarily of material sourced from a nearby garbage dump.^[17]

In Dakar it is not uncommon to see houses made of recycled materials standing atop a mixture of garbage and sand which serves as a foundation. The garbage-sand mixture is also used to protect the house from flooding.^[18]

Legal issues[link]

Buildings with historical importance have restrictions.

United Kingdom[link]

New houses in the UK are not covered by the Sale of Goods Act. When purchasing a new house the buyer has less legal protection than when buying a new car. New houses in the UK may be covered by a NHBC guarantee but some people feel that it would be more useful to put new houses on the same legal footing as other products.^{[citation needed]}

United States and Canada[link]

In the US and Canada, many new houses are built in housing tracts, which provide homeowners a sense of "belonging" and the feeling they have "made the best use" of their money. However, these houses are sometimes built as cheaply and quickly as possible by large builders seeking to maximize profits. Many environmental health issues may be ignored or minimized in the construction of these structures. In one case in Benicia, California, a housing tract was built over an old landfill. Home buyers were never told, and only found out when some began having reactions to high levels of lead and chromium.^{[citation needed]}

Identifying houses[link]

With the growth of dense settlement, humans designed ways of identifying houses and/or parcels of land. Individual houses sometimes acquire proper names; and those names may acquire in their turn considerable emotional connotations: see for example the house of Howards End or the castle of Brideshead Revisited. A more systematic and general approach to identifying houses may use various methods of house numbering.

Animal houses[link]

Humans often build "houses" for domestic or wild animals, often resembling smaller versions of human domiciles. Familiar animal houses built by humans include bird-houses, hen-houses/chicken-coops and doghouses (kennels); while housed agricultural animals more often live in barns and stables. However, human interest in building houses for animals does not stop at the domestic pet. People build bat-houses, nesting-sites for wild ducks and other birds, bee houses, giraffe houses, kangaroo houses, worm houses, hermit crab houses, as well as shelters for many other animals.

Shelter[link]

A modern-style house in Canberra, Australia.

A mountain house in Barzio, Italy.

Forms of (relatively) simple shelter may include:

Houses and symbolism[link]

Houses may express the circumstances or opinions of their builders or their inhabitants. Thus a vast and elaborate house may serve as a sign of conspicuous wealth, whereas a low-profile house built of recycled materials may indicate support of energy conservation.

Houses of particular historical significance (former residences of the famous, for example, or even just very old houses) may gain a protected status in town planning as examples of built heritage and/or of streetscape values. Commemorative plaques may mark such structures.

Home ownership provides a common measure of prosperity in economics. Contrast the importance of house-destruction, tent dwelling and house rebuilding in the wake of many natural disasters.

Peter Olshavsky's "House for the Dance of Death"^[19] provides a 'pataphysical variation on the house.

See also[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Houses

References[link]

External links[link]

Look up house in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Housing from UCB Libraries GovPubs

Chris Lake is a Scottish House music DJ/producer who lives in West London. Lake first became recognized for his bootleg remixes of The Prodigy's "Climbatize", Leftfield's "Phat Planet", and Eurythmics "Sweet Dreams". which he did under the alias "Cristophe D'Abuc".^[1] His 2006 track with vocals from Laura V, "Changes", reached the UK Singles Chart,^[2] peaking at #27.^[3] "Changes" was first released in 2005 on Alternative Route Recordings and was licensed to Universal Music for a full worldwide release in Summer 2006.^[4] It reached #10 on Billboard's Hot Dance Airplay chart.^[5] His 2007 single, "Carry Me Away" (featuring Emma Hewitt), topped the Billboard Hot Dance Airplay Chart.^[6] He scored his third consecutive top ten hit on the US dance chart with "Only One". "If You Knew" featuring Nastala, became his fourth consecutive top ten single on the US dance chart. A debut album is planned for release in 2009.

Lake has been a guest DJ on many radio shows such as Pete Tong's Radio 1. Tong hailed Lake as the "best thing to come out of Scotland since Mylo."^[4][7][8]

Chris Lake runs two labels: Rising Music and Rising Trax. For in-studio mixing, Lake uses Apple Logic.^[8]

Selected discography[link]

Album

• 2009: "Crazy" (Nervous Records – NRV 20839)

Singles

• 2002: "Santiago de Cuba" (Lost Language)
• 2004: "Filth" with Rowan Blades (Alternative Route Recordings)
• 2004: "Hiatus" (Pangea Recordings)
• 2005: "One Too Many / Electro Retro" (Rising Music)
• 2005: "Until She Rises" (Little Mountain Recordings)
• 2006: "Changes" featuring Laura V (Alternative Route Recordings, Apollo Recordings) (Billboard Hot Dance Airplay #10, Global Dance Tracks #18, European Hot 100 Singles #77)
• 2006: Mistakes EP (Rising Music)
• 2007: "Carry Me Away" featuring Emma Hewitt (Rising Music) (Hot Dance Airplay #1, Global Dance Tracks #28)
• 2008: "Word / Ghost" with Sébastien Léger (Rising Music)
• 2008: "Only One" (Rising Music) (Hot Dance Airplay #9)
• 2008: "If You Knew" featuring Nastala (Hot Dance Airplay #4)
• 2008: "Start Again" featuring Nastala
• 2010: "Minimal Life" with Nelski (Rising Music)
• 2010: "Sleepwalker" (mau5trap)
• 2010: "Running Out" with Marco Lys (Rising Music)
• 2010: "Cross The Line" with Marco Lys (Rising Music)
• 2010: "La Tromba Risin'" with Marco Lys and Copyright (Defected)
• 2011: "Colours" with Nelski
• 2011: "Secrets In The Dark" (Rising Music)
• 2011: "Sundown"
• 2011: "Build Up"

Remixes

• 2001: Leftfield - "Phat Planet"
• 2002: Sia - "Drink to Get Drunk"
• 2002: The Prodigy - "Climbatize" / Eurythmics - "Sweet Dreams" (as Christophe D'Abuc)
• 2003: Joshua Collins - "Project 3"
• 2004: Sia - "Buttons"
• 2004: Bod - "Copycat" (as Echofalls)
• 2007: Mark Ronson featuring Lily Allen - "Oh My God"
• 2007: Robbie Williams - "She's Madonna"
• 2008: Kylie Minogue - "In My Arms"
• 2009: A.T.F.C - "Tell U Y"
• 2009: Madonna - "Celebration"
• 2009: Mini Viva - Left My Heart In Tokyo
• 2010: The Black Eyed Peas - Rock That Body
• 2010: Nalin & Kane - "Beachball"
• 2011: Lady GaGa - "Judas"

Unreleased

• 2008: "Mission" (Rising Music)
• 2008: "Released" (Rising Music)
• 2008: "Deadline" with Adam Shaw (Rising Music)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Site
• Chris Lake discography at Discogs
• Chris Lake discography at MusicBrainz
• Chris Lake Essential Mix 2010

Ed Kuepper
Ed Kuepper The 1st Adelaide International Guitar Festival November 2007 Courtesy Mandy Hall
Background information
Birth name	Edmund Kuepper
Born	(1955-12-20) 20 December 1955 (age 56)
Origin	Bremen, West Germany
Genres	Rock, punk, Avant-Garde, Post-punk, Blues, Grunge
Occupations	Singer, Songwriter, Instrumentalist, Record producer
Years active	1975–present
Labels	True Tone Records
Associated acts	The Saints, Laughing Clowns, The Aints, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, The Apartments
Website	Ed Kuepper site

Ed Kuepper (born Edmund Kuepper in Bremen, West Germany, 20 December 1955) is an Australian guitarist, vocalist and songwriter. He co-founded the seminal punk band The Saints, the experimental post-punk group Laughing Clowns and later the grunge-like The Aints. He has also recorded over a dozen albums in his own name with a variety of backing bands, notably Ed Kuepper and the Yard Goes On Forever, Ed Kuepper and his Oxley Creek Playboys, Ed Kuepper and The Institute Of Nude Wrestling, The Exploding Universe of Ed Kuepper, Ed Kuepper and the New Imperialists and presently Ed Kuepper and the Kowalski Collective.

In 1976 Kuepper and the Saints were one of the first Australian acts to form their own record label^{[citation needed]}, Fatal Records, to release that band's first single "(I'm) Stranded". In 1980 Kuepper started up Prince Melon Records to release his work with Laughing Clowns.

Kuepper was awarded ARIAs for Best Independent Australian Release in 1993, for Black Ticket Day, and 1994 for Serene Machine and was nominated for similar awards in 1992, 1995, 1996, 1997 and 1998. He was one of Australia's most prolific recording artists in the early nineties.

In recent years Kuepper has been involved in soundtracking radio drama and experimental films. He toured Australia and Europe performing semi-improvised music to some of these films under the banner of MFLL. Venues included The Institute of Modern Art (Brisbane), Sydney Opera House, The Austrian Film Museum (Vienna) and The Cartier Foundation (Paris), where Kuepper has the distinction of being the only rock musician to be invited to play apart from the Velvet Underground.

2007 saw the release of Kuepper's Jean Lee and the Yellow Dog album, which was inspired by the story of Jean Lee who was the last woman hanged in Australia, and features amongst others, performances by Jeffrey Wegener (Laughing Clowns), Peter Oxley (Sunnyboys), Warren Ellis (Dirty Three), and Chris Bailey (The Saints).

After extensive touring in 2008 opening for Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds Kuepper joined this band as a touring guitarist upon the departure of founding member Mick Harvey in early 2009. This year Kuepper also relaunched Prince Melon Records.

He has also covered several songs by Eric Burdon & The Animals.

Discography[link]

External links[link]

• http://www.myspace.com/edkuepper
• http://www.myspace.com/laughingclowns
• http://www.myspace.com/princemelonrecords
• The Kuepper Files – The Ultimate Guide To Ed Kuepper
• The Official Ed Kuepper site Ed Kuepper's 1990s website, archived 12 July 2001 at Pandora