- published: 01 Jan 2016
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Optical dating is a method of determining how long ago minerals were last exposed to daylight. It is useful to geologists and archaeologists who want to know when such an event occurred.
It refers to techniques including electron spin resonance (ESR), thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL).
Ages can be determined typically from 100 to 200,000 years BP, and can be reliable when suitable methods are used and proper checks are done. Ages can be obtained outside this range, but they should be regarded with caution.
The optical dating method relies on the assumption that the mineral grains were sufficiently exposed to sunlight ("bleached") before they were buried. This is usually, but not always, the case with aeolian deposits, such as sand dunes and loess, and some water-laid deposits.
All sediments and soils contain trace amounts of radioactive isotopes including uranium, thorium, rubidium and potassium. These slowly decay over time and the ionizing radiation they produce is absorbed by other constituents of the soil sediments such as quartz and feldspar. The resulting trapped charge within these minerals remains as structurally unstable electron traps within the mineral grains. Stimulating samples using either blue, green or infrared light causes a luminescence signal to be emitted as the stored unstable electron energy is released, the intensity of which varies depending on the amount of radiation absorbed during burial and specific properties of the mineral. The trapped charge accumulates at a rate over time determined by the amount of background radiation at the location where the sample was buried. Exposure to sunlight resets the luminescence signal and so the time elapsed since the sample was buried can be calculated.
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Лекция: Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) Dating in Geoarchaeological Research | Конференция: Принципы датирования памятников эпохи бронзы, железного века и средневековья | Лектор: Brian Beckers | Организатор: СПбГУ Исторический факультет Смотрите это видео на Лекториуме: https://www.lektorium.tv/lecture/15083 Другие лекции конференции "Принципы датирования памятников эпохи бронзы, железного века и средневековья" доступны для просмотра по ссылке: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-_cKNuVAYAUu2hWwWOuenn14i-ZrQhWz Подписывайтесь на канал: https://www.lektorium.tv/ZJA Следите за новостями: https://vk.com/openlektorium https://www.facebook.com/openlektorium
Get your free audio book: http://onix.space/e/b000sn4q9k Optical dating is a rapidly developing technique, used primarily in the dating of sediments deposited in the last 500,000 or more years, and increasing numbers of Quaternary geologists, physical geographers, archaeologists, and anthropologists are now relying on the results. Written by one of the foremost experts on optical dating, this book aims to bring together in a coherent whole the various strands of research that are ongoing in the area. It gives beginners an introduction to the technique while providing experienced practitioners with a valuable source of up-to-date references. The text is divided into three parts: main text, technical notes and appendices. In this way the main text is accessible to researchers with a limited...
Dr. Clark Wernecke conducts a tour of the Gault archaeological site. He discusses carbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating methods.
Darrin Lowery demonstrates how OSL sampling is done, a technology used for dating archaeological sites that don't have carbon dating samples available. Optically stimulated luminescence.
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