- published: 01 Oct 2016
- views: 1150
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Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan.
Belisarius by Ian Hughes
De Re Militari by Vegetius..
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps.
Documentary Sources:
The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley
Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker
Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon
In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing
Game Engine:
Total War: Rome II
Game Mods:
Eras of Rome: Res Publica
- published: 31 Jan 2016
- views: 351707
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well.
Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period.
Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info.
Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.
- published: 27 Feb 2015
- views: 8175
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours.
I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast):
http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk
Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw
Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here:
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category
- published: 12 Apr 2015
- views: 7120
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army
- published: 06 Apr 2016
- views: 438
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction
05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe
18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Army and the Visigoths
28:25 - Chapter 4. Another Kind of Barbarian: The Huns
34:19 - Chapter 5. Accomodation
38:55 - Chapter 6. Decline
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
- published: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 112227
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/
Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers,
You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk
- published: 15 Jan 2016
- views: 906
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom.
You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content.
In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the rest of the Byzantine emperors were up to over there, and how the Roman Empire dragged out its famous Decline well into medieval times. In addition to all this, you'll learn about ancient sports riots and hipster barbarians, too.
Follow us!
@thecrashcourse
@realjohngreen
@raoulmeyer
@crashcoursestan
@saysdanica
@thoughtbubbler
Like us! http://www.facebook.com/youtubecrashcourse
Follow us again! http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com
Support CrashCourse on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse
- published: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 3899648
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Choreography - Lola Maury
Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment.
This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early Christianity.
With an original vocal score devised collaboratively by the company and choreography by Lola Maury, the piece premiered at the Arcola Theatre in July 2009 and was subsequently presented as part of the Borderline Opera season at London Metropolitan University, in a double bill with MEDOUSA - a miniature opera.
Supported by The Facility: Performance as Research and the HALE Department at London Metropolitan University.
- published: 07 Jul 2011
- views: 3147
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda.
In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school.
Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history.
How did they do it?
Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe.
Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction.
The Vandals.
But Vandal didn't always this connotation.
Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/
It was fear of the Huns that launched their great migration in midwinter 406.
Tens of thousands of them crossed the frozen Rhine into Gaul.
They were not a warlike people and once they were over the river a third of them would be slaughtered by the local inhabitants.
Their king was killed but his baby son survived.
Geiseric would spend his childhood as a refugee in this wandering band of desperate people.
As tens of thousands of them moved through Gaul looking for somewhere to settle, the sheer numbers provoked violence.
So much violence that it was said that the whole of Gaul became a funeral pyre.
They were attacked by Romans, then Visigoths, then Romans and Visigoths together.
Eventually the Vandals ended up in southern Spain, in Andalusia, which is possibly named after them.
Vandalusia.
By 428, Geiseric was the undisputed leader.
He seems to have been a formidable man.
For example, when a certain princess committed adultery, he had her ears and nose cut off.
I don't think I'd have liked him particularly.
I don't think the Romans did either.
The reason was nothing to do with his alleged savagery but with his religion.
You see Geiseric was a Christian.
But wait a minute, you said the Romans were Christians and that's true.
But Geiseric's problem was that he was the wrong sort of Christian.
In fact, his sort of Christianity was considered worse than paganism by Rome.
It was so evil that the Empire had expressed outlawed it as a criminal heresy.
The version of Christianity adopted by Geiseric and his people was not Catholicism, it was Arianism.
Now the Arians believed that since Jesus is the son of God he must somehow be subordinate to God the father whereas the Catholics said they were both equal in status.
Now this may seem like a very minor point of divergence but it became a bitter conflict.
Catholicism said that Jesus was identical with God - that rubbed off on the Emperor ... Jesus - Emperor ... Emperor - Jesus.
Just like that.
Both represented God on Earth.
Both - according to the Romans - were infallible.
Peter Heller explained - that in Roman hands - the new faith became more than a path to righteousness.
"The Roman state make this claim about itself that it is put in place here by the Divinity.
"The Emperor is God's right-hand man on earth.
"Now if you buy into the Emperor's version of Christianity then you should be subservient to him that's what that ideology tells you.
So for going for a Christian ideology but not the State-sponsored one you are making a clear statement that you are an alternative power-structure and that you are not completely subordinate to the Imperial Power."
Geiseric certainly did not want to be subordinate to Imperial Power.
After a lifetime of being hunted and persecuted he hated Rome and since Catholicism was now identified with the Empire he hated that too.
Even here in Spain, the Empire would not let him settle.
Spain didn't suit Guiseric one bit.
For starters his people were constantly being attacked and secondly he wasn't recognised by Rome.
He must have looked longingly across the straits to northern Africa.
Perhaps beyond the sea he and his people could find a part of the Roman Empire where they could settle.
Rome thought of the Mediterranean as its own property - they called it "Our Sea" (Mare Nostrum) and it was illegal even to teach a barbarian how to sail.
But Guiseric had a vision of himself as the new Moses, leading his people away from the Pharaoh in Rome.
He couldn't part the sea but he would embark on a huge project building hundreds of boats to transport an entire nation.
In the summer of 429 they crossed the Straits of Gibraltar to North Africa.
80,000 people packed on a flotilla of small boats.
Their crossing was so unexpected that it was virtually unopposed.
Which is odd because North Africa was the last place that Rome wanted to be over-run by barbarians.
Why? Because North Africa was fertile and it was very rich; the most Romanised province in the West outside Italy.
Rome had been unopposed in this part of the world for more than 500 years.
This is just one of the many magnificent cities that flourished here in Roman North Africa.
Then it was ca
- published: 04 Jun 2010
- views: 2923
Roman army
The Roman army (Latin: exercitus Romanus, literally: Roman Army; Ancient Greek: στρατός Ῥωμαίων, transcription: stratos Romaion) is a term encompassing the terrestrial armed forces deployed by the Roman Kingdom (to c. 500 BC), the Roman Republic (500–31 BC), the Roman Empire (31 BC – 395/476 AD) and its successor the East Roman or Byzantine Empire. It is thus a term that spans approximately 2,000 years, during which the Roman armed forces underwent numerous permutations in composition, organization, equipment and tactics, while conserving a core of lasting traditions.
Historical phases
The development of the Roman army was divided into eight phases.
Early Roman army (c. 500 B.C. to c. 300 B.C.)
The Early Roman army of the Roman kingdom and of the early republic (to c. 300 BC). During this period, when warfare chiefly consisted of small-scale plundering-raids, it has been suggested that the Roman army followed Etruscan or Greek models of organisation and equipment. The early Roman army was based on an annual levy.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
https://wn.com/Roman_army
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum; Classical Latin: [ɪmˈpɛ.ri.ũː roːˈmaː.nũː] Ancient and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The extended city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC – c. 400 AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was now unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus, effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
https://wn.com/Roman_Empire
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Roman
A Roman or Romans is a thing or person of or from the city of Rome
Roman or Romans may also refer to:
History
- Roman Kingdom (753 BC to 509 BC)
- Roman Republic (509 BC to 27 BC)
- Roman Empire (27 BC to 476/1453 AD)
- Roman Britain, part of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and about 410
- Ancient Roman cuisine
- Ancient Roman sarcophagi
- Roman alphabet or Latin alphabet
- Roman architecture
- Roman army
- Roman calendar
- Roman numerals
- Roman currency
- Roman economy
- Roman finance
- Roman funerary practices
- Roman law, the legal system of both the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire
- Roman mosaic, a tiled mural or floor from the Roman period, using tesserae, or miniature square tiles
- Roman mythology
- Roman navy
- Roman roads
- Roman temple
- Roman villa, a high status country house of the Roman period
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
https://wn.com/Roman
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Roman emperor
The Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting in 27 BC). The emperors used a variety of different titles throughout history. Often when a given Roman is described as becoming "emperor" in English, it reflects his taking of the title augustus or caesar. Another title often used was imperator, originally a military honorific. Early Emperors also used the title princeps. Emperors frequently amassed Republican titles, notably princeps Senatus, consul and Pontifex Maximus.
The legitimacy of an emperor's rule depended on his control of the army and recognition by the Senate; an emperor would normally be proclaimed by his troops, or invested with imperial titles by the Senate, or both. The first emperors reigned alone; later emperors would sometimes rule with co-Emperors and divide administration of the Empire between them.
The Romans considered the office of emperor to be distinct to that of a king. The first emperor, Augustus, resolutely refused recognition as a monarch. Although Augustus could claim that his power was authentically Republican, his successor, Tiberius, could not convincingly make the same claim. Nonetheless, for the first three hundred years of Roman Emperors, from Augustus until Diocletian, a great effort was made to emphasize that the Emperors were the leaders of a Republic.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
https://wn.com/Roman_emperor
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Western Roman Empire
In historiography, the Western Roman Empire consists of the western provinces of the Roman Empire at any one time during which they were administered by a separate independent Imperial court, coequal with (or only nominally subordinate to) that administering the eastern half. Both "Western Roman Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" (or "Byzantine Empire") are modern terms describing de facto independent entities; however, at no point did Romans consider the Empire split into two, but rather considered it a single state governed by two separate Imperial courts out of administrative expediency. The view that the Empire was impossible to govern by one emperor was established by Diocletian following the disastrous civil wars and disintegration of the Crisis of the 3rd century, and was instituted in Roman law by his introduction of the Tetrarchy in AD 285, a form of government which was legally to endure in one form or another for centuries. The Western Court was periodically abolished and recreated for the next two centuries until final abolition by the Emperor Zeno in 480, by which time there was little effective central control left in the area legally administered by the Western Court.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
https://wn.com/Western_Roman_Empire
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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6:14How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel. Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan. Belisarius by Ian Hughes De Re Militari by Vegetius.. -
19:33Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine. In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps. Documentary Sources: The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing Game Engine: Total War: Rome II Game Mods: Eras of Rome: Res Publica -
3:22roman army murton 400
roman army murton 400roman army murton 400
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10:09Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of ConstantinopolisRoman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
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20:29Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well. Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period. Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info. Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega. -
39:46Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldierBarbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours. I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast): http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category -
3:08The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
The Organization of the Ancient Roman ArmyThe Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army -
49:2206. Transformation of the Roman Empire
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210) The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general. 00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction 05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe 18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Army and the Visigoths 28:25 - Chapter 4. Another Kind of Barbarian: The Huns 34:19 - Chapter 5. Accomodation 38:55 - Chapter 6. Decline Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu This course was recorded in Fall 2011. -
6:30Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures. Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/ Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers, You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk -
12:44Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom. You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content. In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the rest of the Byzantine emperors were up to over there, and how the Roman Empire dragged out its famous Decline well into medieval times. In addition to all this, you'll learn about ancient sports riots and hipster barbarians, too. Follow us! @thecrashcourse @realjohngreen @raoulmeyer @crashcoursestan @saysdanica @thoughtbubbler Like us! http://www.facebook.com/youtubecrashcourse Follow us again! http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com Support CrashCourse on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse -
25:58The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
The Passion of Saints Sergius and BacchusThe Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
TEAM Sergius - Igor Urzelai Bacchus - Moreno Solinas Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso Choreography - Lola Maury Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment. This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early Christianity. With an original vocal score devised collaboratively by the company and choreography by Lola Maury, the piece premiered at the Arcola Theatre in July 2009 and was subsequently presented as part of the Borderline Opera season at London Metropolitan University, in a double bill with MEDOUSA - a miniature opera. Supported by The Facility: Performance as Research and the HALE Department at London Metropolitan University. -
23:04Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North AfricaVandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda. In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school. Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history. How did they do it? Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe. Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction. The Vandals. But Vandal didn't always this connotation. Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/ It was fear of the Huns that launched their great migration in midwinter 406. Tens of thousands of them crossed the frozen Rhine into Gaul. They were not a warlike people and once they were over the river a third of them would be slaughtered by the local inhabitants. Their king was killed but his baby son survived. Geiseric would spend his childhood as a refugee in this wandering band of desperate people. As tens of thousands of them moved through Gaul looking for somewhere to settle, the sheer numbers provoked violence. So much violence that it was said that the whole of Gaul became a funeral pyre. They were attacked by Romans, then Visigoths, then Romans and Visigoths together. Eventually the Vandals ended up in southern Spain, in Andalusia, which is possibly named after them. Vandalusia. By 428, Geiseric was the undisputed leader. He seems to have been a formidable man. For example, when a certain princess committed adultery, he had her ears and nose cut off. I don't think I'd have liked him particularly. I don't think the Romans did either. The reason was nothing to do with his alleged savagery but with his religion. You see Geiseric was a Christian. But wait a minute, you said the Romans were Christians and that's true. But Geiseric's problem was that he was the wrong sort of Christian. In fact, his sort of Christianity was considered worse than paganism by Rome. It was so evil that the Empire had expressed outlawed it as a criminal heresy. The version of Christianity adopted by Geiseric and his people was not Catholicism, it was Arianism. Now the Arians believed that since Jesus is the son of God he must somehow be subordinate to God the father whereas the Catholics said they were both equal in status. Now this may seem like a very minor point of divergence but it became a bitter conflict. Catholicism said that Jesus was identical with God - that rubbed off on the Emperor ... Jesus - Emperor ... Emperor - Jesus. Just like that. Both represented God on Earth. Both - according to the Romans - were infallible. Peter Heller explained - that in Roman hands - the new faith became more than a path to righteousness. "The Roman state make this claim about itself that it is put in place here by the Divinity. "The Emperor is God's right-hand man on earth. "Now if you buy into the Emperor's version of Christianity then you should be subservient to him that's what that ideology tells you. So for going for a Christian ideology but not the State-sponsored one you are making a clear statement that you are an alternative power-structure and that you are not completely subordinate to the Imperial Power." Geiseric certainly did not want to be subordinate to Imperial Power. After a lifetime of being hunted and persecuted he hated Rome and since Catholicism was now identified with the Empire he hated that too. Even here in Spain, the Empire would not let him settle. Spain didn't suit Guiseric one bit. For starters his people were constantly being attacked and secondly he wasn't recognised by Rome. He must have looked longingly across the straits to northern Africa. Perhaps beyond the sea he and his people could find a part of the Roman Empire where they could settle. Rome thought of the Mediterranean as its own property - they called it "Our Sea" (Mare Nostrum) and it was illegal even to teach a barbarian how to sail. But Guiseric had a vision of himself as the new Moses, leading his people away from the Pharaoh in Rome. He couldn't part the sea but he would embark on a huge project building hundreds of boats to transport an entire nation. In the summer of 429 they crossed the Straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. 80,000 people packed on a flotilla of small boats. Their crossing was so unexpected that it was virtually unopposed. Which is odd because North Africa was the last place that Rome wanted to be over-run by barbarians. Why? Because North Africa was fertile and it was very rich; the most Romanised province in the West outside Italy. Rome had been unopposed in this part of the world for more than 500 years. This is just one of the many magnificent cities that flourished here in Roman North Africa. Then it was ca -
19:54Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf HitlerDeclaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Politically Incorrect Press presents: The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear (FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN "Declaration of War on the US by Adolf Hitler" "Deputies, Men of the German Reichstag! A year of events of historical significance is drawing to an end. A year of great decisions lies ahead. In these serious times, I speak to you, deputies of the German Reichstag, as the representatives of the German nation. Beyond and above that, the whole German people should take note of this glance into the past, as well as of the coming decisions the present and future impose upon us. After the renewed refusal of my peace offer in January 1940 by the then British Prime Minister and the clique which supported or dominated him, it became clear that this war - against all reasons of common sense and necessity - must be fought to its end. You know me, my old Party companions; you know I have always been an enemy of half measures or weak decisions. If the Providence has so willed that the German people cannot be spared this fight, then I can only be grateful that it entrusted me with the leadership in this historic struggle which, for the next 500 or 1,000 years, will be described as decisive, not only for the history of Germany, but for the whole of Europe and indeed the whole world. The German people and their soldiers are working and fighting today, not only for the present, but also for the coming, nay the most distant, generations. The Creator has imposed a historical revision on a unique scale upon us. Shortly after the end of the campaign in Norway, the German Command was forced, first of all, to ensure the military security of the conquered areas. Since then the defences of the conquered countries have changed considerably. From Kirkenes to the Spanish Frontier there is a belt of great bases and fortifications; many airfields have been built, naval bases with protection for submarines, which are practically invulnerable from sea or air. More than 1,500 new batteries have been planned and constructed. A network of roads and railways was constructed so that today communications from the Spanish Frontier to Petsano are independent of the sea. These installations in no way fall behind those of the Western Wall, and work continues incessantly on strengthening them. I am irrevocably determined to make the European Front unassailable by any enemy. This defensive work was supplemented by offensive warfare. German surface and underwater naval Forces carried on their constant war of attrition against the British Merchant Navy and the ships in its service. The German Air Force supported these attacks by reconnaissance, by damaging enemy shipping, by numerous retaliatory raids which have given the English a better idea of the ‘ ever so charming ’ war caused by their present Prime Minister. In the middle of last year Germany was supported above all by Italy. For many months a great part of British power weighed heavily on the shoulders of Italy. Only because of their tremendous superiority in heavy tanks could the English create a temporary crisis in North Africa. On 24th March a small community of German-Italian units under Rommel's command began the counter-attack. The German Africa Corps performed outstanding achievements though they were completely unaccustomed to the climate of this theatre of war. Just as once in Spain, now in North Africa Germans and Italians have taken up arms against the same enemy. While with these bold measures the North African Front was again secured by the blood of German and Italian soldiers, the shadow of a terrible danger threatening Europe gathered overhead. Only in obedience of bitter necessity did I decide in my heart in 1939, to make the attempt, or at least, to create the prerequisites for a lasting peace in Europe by eliminating the causes of German-Russian tension. This was psychologically difficult owing to the general attitude of the German people, and above all, of the party, towards Bolshevism. It was not difficult from a purely material point of view - because Germany was only intent on her economic interests in all the territories which England declared to be threatened by us and which she attacked with her promises of aid- for you will allow me to remind you that England, throughout the spring and late summer of 1939, offered its aid to numerous countries, declaring that it was our intention to invade those countries and thus deprive them of their liberty. The German Reich and its Government were therefore able to affirm, with a clear conscience, that these allegations were false and had no bearing whatsoever on reality. Add to this the military realization that in the case of war, which British diplomacy was to force on the German people, a two front war would ensue and call for very great sacrifice. When, on top of all this, the Baltic States and Rumania showed themselves prone to accept the British Pacts of assistance, and thus let it be seen -
0:31AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORKAUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné Director de Arte: Albert Just Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork Una de las compensaciones que tiene esta profesión tan hermosa es encontrarnos por el camino con personas como Peter Allwork. Peter Allwork Tribute Cameraman, Chairman and pioneer of Aerial Cinematography PETER ALLWORK, who died on Friday July 30 2004 aged 76. A highly renowned aerial cameraman was the founder of Aerial Camera Systems Ltd (ACS), one of the world’s leading suppliers of specialised facilities in broadcast television and feature film production. During his distinguished career spanning over sixty years, including some sixty plus feature films and some of the finest commercials, Peter has worked with some of the world’s greatest directors, Alfred Hitchcock, Orson Welles, Steven Spielberg, Ridley Scott, Richard Attenborough, Sydney Pollack and Clint Eastwood to name but a few and was a pioneer of Aerial Cinematography. Peter Leslie Allwork was born on December 26 1928 in Norwood Green near Uxbridge, the son of William and mother Josephine, Peter had five brother’s and one sister. Peter began his career working for a year as an office boy at Denham Film Studios, before joining Leslie Howard’s Misbourne Productions also based at Denham. In his new position as a runner Peter fetched tea for director David Lean who was working on In Which We Serve and was given the opportunity to do the clapperboard for the first time. On Laurence Olivier's Henry V Peter first worked with the 3 Strip Technicolor camera, which meant having to load three films in at the same time instead of just one. When promoted to the position of first assistant cameraman, focus puller, on The Way Ahead, Peter had his first introduction to flying with a flight in a Miles Master II trainer with the actor David Tomlinson. who was a Flight Lt. in the RAF at the time. Whilst doing his National Service, Peter was a member of the 120th Field Regiment Royal Artillery and posted to Northumberland, however when his camera skills were discovered he was swiftly moved to Wembley to the AKS, the Army Kinematograph Service where he was in the company of the most eminent cameramen in the country, Freddie Young, Freddie Francis, John Willcox, and Norman Warwick etc. Completing his National Service Peter flew to Canada to shoot aerial scenes and background shots over snow covered mountains for the film No Highway. After sleepless nights worrying that that camera was going to freeze up mid shot, Peter had well and truly caught the flying and filming bug and the results were magnificent! Peter married Frances Desbrow in 1958, having met her the previous year. He then went on to work on a string of successful films with the Boulting Brothers and got his first camera operating break in the late sixties on the Boulting’s I'm Alright Jack, starring Peter Sellers. Josephine and Men and The Magic Christian followed, and it was when The Magic Christian was coming to an end that Peter Sellers arranged a meeting for Peter with a friend of his, Capt. Fred Barker, a meeting that was to shape Peter's future. British Executive Aviation Services based at Kidlington Airport or B.E.A.S. Motion Picture and TV division as it came to be known, was the result of that meeting and it was at that this time that Peter also began using the Tyler Helicopter Camera Mounts, after meeting Nelson Tyler in Hollywood. B.E.A.S. first big assignment was the BBC series Bird's Eye View Of Great Britain, which Peter shot with pilot Peter Pekowski. Feature films soon followed, Frenzy, Juggernaut and The Red Baron, notable for it's dramatic air to air combat, something of which Peter became a specialist earning himself a BAFTA award nomination for the magnificent aerial battle scenes in Aces High in 1976. Following B.E.A.S., Peter formed Air Film Services at High Wycombe with Prince Andrew Von Preusen. Air Film Services quickly became second to none and in January 1979 producer John Dark asked Peter to film the aerial sequences for The Land That Time Forgot, but this time high over the mountains by Loch A'an in Scotland disaster struck with a tail rotor problem, causing the helicopter to crash into the frozen surface of the lake. Surviving the crash but missing for twelve hours and frozen to the core, Peter and the pilot Capt. John Poland were thankfully rescued by helicopter by the RAF. Later that year, Peter was soon to take to the air again and it was also at this time that Peter decided it was time to go it alone in business and Peter Allwork Ltd, Aerial Camera Systems (ACS) based at Fairoaks Airport in Chobham Surrey was born. Out of Fairoaks Peter undertook the aerial filming for many major feature films including Superman, filming Superman’s exciting high speed flying sequences using a nose mount in a Lear Jet with pilot Clay Lacy, James . Bond’s For Your Eye’s Only, Never Say Never Again, A View to a Kill and High Road
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How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel. Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan. Belisarius by Ian Hughes De Re Militari by Vegetius..
published: 01 Oct 2016 -
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine. In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps. Documentary Sources: The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing Game Engine: Total War: Rome II Game Mods: Eras of Rome: Res Publica
published: 31 Jan 2016 -
roman army murton 400
published: 29 Jun 2011 -
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
published: 06 Jun 2012 -
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well. Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period. Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info. Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.
published: 27 Feb 2015 -
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours. I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast): http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category
published: 12 Apr 2015 -
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army
published: 06 Apr 2016 -
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210) The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general. 00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction 05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe 18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Ar...
published: 05 Apr 2012 -
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures. Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/ Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers, You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk
published: 15 Jan 2016 -
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom. You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content. In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the r...
published: 13 Apr 2012 -
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
TEAM Sergius - Igor Urzelai Bacchus - Moreno Solinas Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso Choreography - Lola Maury Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment. This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early C...
published: 07 Jul 2011 -
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda. In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school. Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history. How did they do it? Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe. Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction. The Vandals. But Vandal didn't always this connotation. Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/ It was fear of the Huns that launche...
published: 04 Jun 2010 -
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Politically Incorrect Press presents: The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear (FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN "Declaration of War on the US by Adolf Hitler" "Deputies, Men of the German Reichstag! A year of events of historical significance is drawing to an end. A year of great decisions lies ahead. In these serious times, I speak to you, deputies of the German Reichstag, as the representatives of the German nation. Beyond and above that, the whole German people should take note of this glance into the past, as well as of the coming decisions the present and future impose upon us. After the renewed refusal of my peace offer in January 1940 by the then British Prime Minister and the clique which supported or dominated him, it became clear that this war - against all reasons o...
published: 28 Dec 2011 -
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné Director de Arte: Albert Just Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork Una de las compensaciones que tiene esta profesión tan hermosa es encontrarnos por el camino con personas como Peter Allwork. Peter Allwork Tribute Cameraman, Chairman and pioneer of Aerial Cinematography PETER ALLWORK, who died on Friday July 30 2004 aged 76. A highly renowned aerial cameraman was the founder of Aerial Camera Systems Ltd (ACS), one of the world’s leading suppliers of specialised facilities in broadcast television and feature film production. During his distinguished career spanning over sixty years, including some sixty plus feature films and some of the finest commercials, Peter has worked with some of the world’s greatest directors, Alfred...
published: 05 Mar 2009 -
Ex Deo - "I, Caligvla"
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio. Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla. Calgvla's Sisters Surtsey Castano Julia Agrippina, most commonly referred to as Agrippina Minor or Agrippina the Younger, and after 50 known as Julia Augusta Agrippina (Minor Latin for the ‘younger’, Classical Latin: IVLIA•AGRIPPINA; IVLIA•AVGVSTA•AGRIPPINA,[1] 7 November 15 or 6 November 16[2] – 19/23 March 59) was a Roman Empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and fourth wife of the Emperor Claudius, and mother of the Emperor Nero. Agrippina t...
published: 30 Jun 2012 -
Javier Souto & Jose Regalado - Bay of Pigs - Veteran Interviews
Javier Souto Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle High School in Havana, graduating in 1956. After that he attended Villanova University in Havana and the University of Havana. In the U.S.A. he attended Miami-Dade College and the University of Miami where he graduated from the School of Business in 1967. Souto is a veteran of the Bay of Pigs Invasion (a founding member, #2504) where he was active in the infiltration teams. He served for several years, after the Bay of Pigs, with the CIA sponsored Special Missions Groups. Commissioner Souto was elected to the Florida House of Representatives in November 1984. Javier D. Souto was the first elected Miami-Dade County Commissioner represe...
published: 18 Aug 2011 -
Avitus Western Roman Emperor 455-456 A.D. History and Ancient Coins
http://www.TrustedCoins.com Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. A Gallic-Roman aristocrat, he was a senator and a high-ranking officer both in the civil and military administration, as well as Bishop of Piacenza. A representative of the Gallic-Roman aristocracy, he opposed the reduction of the Western Roman Empire to Italy alone, both politically and from the administrative point of view. For this reason, as Emperor he introduced several Gallic senators in the imperial administration; this policy, however, was opposed by both the senatorial aristocracy and by the people of Rome, which had suffered because of the Vandalic sack of the city in 455. Avitus had a good relationship with the Visigoths...
published: 16 Jun 2013 -
Theodosius I - Roman Emperor 379-395 A.D. Biography Ancient Roman Coins to Buy Certified and Guaranteed Authentic
Click link to buy authentic ancient Roman coins of Theodosius I: http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/theodosiusi-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php Flavius Theodosius ( 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great (Greek: Θεοδόσιος Α΄ and Θεοδόσιος ο Μέγας), was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern and Western Roman Empire. After his death, the two parts split permanently. He is also known for making Nicene Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire. Career Theodosius was born in Cauca, in Hispania (modern day Coca, Spain) or, more probably, in or near Italica (Seville)[2], to a senior militar...
published: 04 Jul 2013 -
Trajan - Roman Emperor 98-117 A.D. Biography History Ancient Roman Coins for Sale from Best Coin Dealer
http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/trajan-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan (18 September, 53 – 8 August, 117), was a Roman Emperor who reigned from AD 98 until his death in AD 117. Born Marcus Ulpius Traianus into a non-patrician family in the Hispania Baetica province (modern day Spain), Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian, serving as a general in the Roman army along the German frontier, and successfully crushing the revolt of Antonius Saturninus in 89. On September 18, 96, Domitian was succeeded by Marcus Cocceius Nerva, an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army. After a brief and tumultuous year in power, a revolt by members of the Praet...
published: 04 Jul 2013 -
Jesus the True Light of Christmas
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their project was completed, time off was prohibited. One of the guys suddenly lifted his head. "I know how to get some time off work" the man whispered. "How?" asked the second worker. Instead of answering, the man quickly looked around. No sign of his Boss. He jumped up on his desk, kicked out a couple of ceiling tiles and hoisted himself up. "Look!" he hissed, then swinging his legs over a metal pipe, hung upside down. Within seconds, the Boss emerged from his office at the far end of the floor. He saw the worker hanging from the ceiling, and asked him what on earth he thought he was doing. "I'm a light bulb" answered the public servant. "I...
published: 06 Dec 2010
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:14
- Updated: 01 Oct 2016
- views: 1150
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to...
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan.
Belisarius by Ian Hughes
De Re Militari by Vegetius..
https://wn.com/How_Effective_Was_The_Late_Roman_Army
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan.
Belisarius by Ian Hughes
De Re Militari by Vegetius..
- published: 01 Oct 2016
- views: 1150
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:33
- Updated: 31 Jan 2016
- views: 351707
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will...
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps.
Documentary Sources:
The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley
Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker
Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon
In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing
Game Engine:
Total War: Rome II
Game Mods:
Eras of Rome: Res Publica
https://wn.com/Evolution_Of_The_Roman_Legions_Part_1_Kingdom_(8_7Th_Century_Bc)
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps.
Documentary Sources:
The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley
Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker
Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon
In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing
Game Engine:
Total War: Rome II
Game Mods:
Eras of Rome: Res Publica
- published: 31 Jan 2016
- views: 351707
roman army murton 400
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:22
- Updated: 29 Jun 2011
- views: 4759
- published: 29 Jun 2011
- views: 4759
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:09
- Updated: 06 Jun 2012
- views: 9284
- published: 06 Jun 2012
- views: 9284
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:29
- Updated: 27 Feb 2015
- views: 8175
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well.
Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this ...
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well.
Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period.
Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info.
Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.
https://wn.com/Total_War_Attila_Eastern_Roman_Empire_History_Ep._4_(Roman_Soldiers_Armies)
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well.
Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period.
Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info.
Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.
- published: 27 Feb 2015
- views: 8175
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 39:46
- Updated: 12 Apr 2015
- views: 7120
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry...
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours.
I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast):
http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk
Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw
Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here:
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category
https://wn.com/Barbarians_At_The_Gates_Painting_A_Late_Roman_Soldier
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours.
I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast):
http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk
Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw
Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here:
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category
- published: 12 Apr 2015
- views: 7120
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Updated: 06 Apr 2016
- views: 438
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army
- published: 06 Apr 2016
- views: 438
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:22
- Updated: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 112227
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survive...
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction
05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe
18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Army and the Visigoths
28:25 - Chapter 4. Another Kind of Barbarian: The Huns
34:19 - Chapter 5. Accomodation
38:55 - Chapter 6. Decline
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
https://wn.com/06._Transformation_Of_The_Roman_Empire
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction
05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe
18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Army and the Visigoths
28:25 - Chapter 4. Another Kind of Barbarian: The Huns
34:19 - Chapter 5. Accomodation
38:55 - Chapter 6. Decline
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
- published: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 112227
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:30
- Updated: 15 Jan 2016
- views: 906
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/
Join us on http://www.mywargamingl...
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/
Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers,
You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk
https://wn.com/Late_Roman_Legionaries_(Footsore_Miniatures)
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/
Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers,
You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk
- published: 15 Jan 2016
- views: 906
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:44
- Updated: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 3899648
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for...
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom.
You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content.
In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the rest of the Byzantine emperors were up to over there, and how the Roman Empire dragged out its famous Decline well into medieval times. In addition to all this, you'll learn about ancient sports riots and hipster barbarians, too.
Follow us!
@thecrashcourse
@realjohngreen
@raoulmeyer
@crashcoursestan
@saysdanica
@thoughtbubbler
Like us! http://www.facebook.com/youtubecrashcourse
Follow us again! http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com
Support CrashCourse on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse
https://wn.com/Fall_Of_The_Roman_Empire...In_The_15Th_Century_Crash_Course_World_History_12
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom.
You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content.
In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the rest of the Byzantine emperors were up to over there, and how the Roman Empire dragged out its famous Decline well into medieval times. In addition to all this, you'll learn about ancient sports riots and hipster barbarians, too.
Follow us!
@thecrashcourse
@realjohngreen
@raoulmeyer
@crashcoursestan
@saysdanica
@thoughtbubbler
Like us! http://www.facebook.com/youtubecrashcourse
Follow us again! http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com
Support CrashCourse on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse
- published: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 3899648
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 25:58
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 3147
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Choreography - Lola Maury
Concept and D...
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Choreography - Lola Maury
Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment.
This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early Christianity.
With an original vocal score devised collaboratively by the company and choreography by Lola Maury, the piece premiered at the Arcola Theatre in July 2009 and was subsequently presented as part of the Borderline Opera season at London Metropolitan University, in a double bill with MEDOUSA - a miniature opera.
Supported by The Facility: Performance as Research and the HALE Department at London Metropolitan University.
https://wn.com/The_Passion_Of_Saints_Sergius_And_Bacchus
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Choreography - Lola Maury
Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment.
This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early Christianity.
With an original vocal score devised collaboratively by the company and choreography by Lola Maury, the piece premiered at the Arcola Theatre in July 2009 and was subsequently presented as part of the Borderline Opera season at London Metropolitan University, in a double bill with MEDOUSA - a miniature opera.
Supported by The Facility: Performance as Research and the HALE Department at London Metropolitan University.
- published: 07 Jul 2011
- views: 3147
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 23:04
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 2923
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda.
In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman...
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda.
In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school.
Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history.
How did they do it?
Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe.
Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction.
The Vandals.
But Vandal didn't always this connotation.
Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/
It was fear of the Huns that launched their great migration in midwinter 406.
Tens of thousands of them crossed the frozen Rhine into Gaul.
They were not a warlike people and once they were over the river a third of them would be slaughtered by the local inhabitants.
Their king was killed but his baby son survived.
Geiseric would spend his childhood as a refugee in this wandering band of desperate people.
As tens of thousands of them moved through Gaul looking for somewhere to settle, the sheer numbers provoked violence.
So much violence that it was said that the whole of Gaul became a funeral pyre.
They were attacked by Romans, then Visigoths, then Romans and Visigoths together.
Eventually the Vandals ended up in southern Spain, in Andalusia, which is possibly named after them.
Vandalusia.
By 428, Geiseric was the undisputed leader.
He seems to have been a formidable man.
For example, when a certain princess committed adultery, he had her ears and nose cut off.
I don't think I'd have liked him particularly.
I don't think the Romans did either.
The reason was nothing to do with his alleged savagery but with his religion.
You see Geiseric was a Christian.
But wait a minute, you said the Romans were Christians and that's true.
But Geiseric's problem was that he was the wrong sort of Christian.
In fact, his sort of Christianity was considered worse than paganism by Rome.
It was so evil that the Empire had expressed outlawed it as a criminal heresy.
The version of Christianity adopted by Geiseric and his people was not Catholicism, it was Arianism.
Now the Arians believed that since Jesus is the son of God he must somehow be subordinate to God the father whereas the Catholics said they were both equal in status.
Now this may seem like a very minor point of divergence but it became a bitter conflict.
Catholicism said that Jesus was identical with God - that rubbed off on the Emperor ... Jesus - Emperor ... Emperor - Jesus.
Just like that.
Both represented God on Earth.
Both - according to the Romans - were infallible.
Peter Heller explained - that in Roman hands - the new faith became more than a path to righteousness.
"The Roman state make this claim about itself that it is put in place here by the Divinity.
"The Emperor is God's right-hand man on earth.
"Now if you buy into the Emperor's version of Christianity then you should be subservient to him that's what that ideology tells you.
So for going for a Christian ideology but not the State-sponsored one you are making a clear statement that you are an alternative power-structure and that you are not completely subordinate to the Imperial Power."
Geiseric certainly did not want to be subordinate to Imperial Power.
After a lifetime of being hunted and persecuted he hated Rome and since Catholicism was now identified with the Empire he hated that too.
Even here in Spain, the Empire would not let him settle.
Spain didn't suit Guiseric one bit.
For starters his people were constantly being attacked and secondly he wasn't recognised by Rome.
He must have looked longingly across the straits to northern Africa.
Perhaps beyond the sea he and his people could find a part of the Roman Empire where they could settle.
Rome thought of the Mediterranean as its own property - they called it "Our Sea" (Mare Nostrum) and it was illegal even to teach a barbarian how to sail.
But Guiseric had a vision of himself as the new Moses, leading his people away from the Pharaoh in Rome.
He couldn't part the sea but he would embark on a huge project building hundreds of boats to transport an entire nation.
In the summer of 429 they crossed the Straits of Gibraltar to North Africa.
80,000 people packed on a flotilla of small boats.
Their crossing was so unexpected that it was virtually unopposed.
Which is odd because North Africa was the last place that Rome wanted to be over-run by barbarians.
Why? Because North Africa was fertile and it was very rich; the most Romanised province in the West outside Italy.
Rome had been unopposed in this part of the world for more than 500 years.
This is just one of the many magnificent cities that flourished here in Roman North Africa.
Then it was ca
https://wn.com/Vandalusia_And_The_Vandals_Of_North_Africa
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda.
In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school.
Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history.
How did they do it?
Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe.
Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction.
The Vandals.
But Vandal didn't always this connotation.
Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/
It was fear of the Huns that launched their great migration in midwinter 406.
Tens of thousands of them crossed the frozen Rhine into Gaul.
They were not a warlike people and once they were over the river a third of them would be slaughtered by the local inhabitants.
Their king was killed but his baby son survived.
Geiseric would spend his childhood as a refugee in this wandering band of desperate people.
As tens of thousands of them moved through Gaul looking for somewhere to settle, the sheer numbers provoked violence.
So much violence that it was said that the whole of Gaul became a funeral pyre.
They were attacked by Romans, then Visigoths, then Romans and Visigoths together.
Eventually the Vandals ended up in southern Spain, in Andalusia, which is possibly named after them.
Vandalusia.
By 428, Geiseric was the undisputed leader.
He seems to have been a formidable man.
For example, when a certain princess committed adultery, he had her ears and nose cut off.
I don't think I'd have liked him particularly.
I don't think the Romans did either.
The reason was nothing to do with his alleged savagery but with his religion.
You see Geiseric was a Christian.
But wait a minute, you said the Romans were Christians and that's true.
But Geiseric's problem was that he was the wrong sort of Christian.
In fact, his sort of Christianity was considered worse than paganism by Rome.
It was so evil that the Empire had expressed outlawed it as a criminal heresy.
The version of Christianity adopted by Geiseric and his people was not Catholicism, it was Arianism.
Now the Arians believed that since Jesus is the son of God he must somehow be subordinate to God the father whereas the Catholics said they were both equal in status.
Now this may seem like a very minor point of divergence but it became a bitter conflict.
Catholicism said that Jesus was identical with God - that rubbed off on the Emperor ... Jesus - Emperor ... Emperor - Jesus.
Just like that.
Both represented God on Earth.
Both - according to the Romans - were infallible.
Peter Heller explained - that in Roman hands - the new faith became more than a path to righteousness.
"The Roman state make this claim about itself that it is put in place here by the Divinity.
"The Emperor is God's right-hand man on earth.
"Now if you buy into the Emperor's version of Christianity then you should be subservient to him that's what that ideology tells you.
So for going for a Christian ideology but not the State-sponsored one you are making a clear statement that you are an alternative power-structure and that you are not completely subordinate to the Imperial Power."
Geiseric certainly did not want to be subordinate to Imperial Power.
After a lifetime of being hunted and persecuted he hated Rome and since Catholicism was now identified with the Empire he hated that too.
Even here in Spain, the Empire would not let him settle.
Spain didn't suit Guiseric one bit.
For starters his people were constantly being attacked and secondly he wasn't recognised by Rome.
He must have looked longingly across the straits to northern Africa.
Perhaps beyond the sea he and his people could find a part of the Roman Empire where they could settle.
Rome thought of the Mediterranean as its own property - they called it "Our Sea" (Mare Nostrum) and it was illegal even to teach a barbarian how to sail.
But Guiseric had a vision of himself as the new Moses, leading his people away from the Pharaoh in Rome.
He couldn't part the sea but he would embark on a huge project building hundreds of boats to transport an entire nation.
In the summer of 429 they crossed the Straits of Gibraltar to North Africa.
80,000 people packed on a flotilla of small boats.
Their crossing was so unexpected that it was virtually unopposed.
Which is odd because North Africa was the last place that Rome wanted to be over-run by barbarians.
Why? Because North Africa was fertile and it was very rich; the most Romanised province in the West outside Italy.
Rome had been unopposed in this part of the world for more than 500 years.
This is just one of the many magnificent cities that flourished here in Roman North Africa.
Then it was ca
- published: 04 Jun 2010
- views: 2923
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:54
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 3167
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN
"Declaration of War on the US by Adol...
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN
"Declaration of War on the US by Adolf Hitler"
"Deputies, Men of the German Reichstag! A year of events of historical significance is drawing to an end. A year of great decisions lies ahead. In these serious times, I speak to you, deputies of the German Reichstag, as the representatives of the German nation. Beyond and above that, the whole German people should take note of this glance into the past, as well as of the coming decisions the present and future impose upon us.
After the renewed refusal of my peace offer in January 1940 by the then British Prime Minister and the clique which supported or dominated him, it became clear that this war - against all reasons of common sense and necessity - must be fought to its end. You know me, my old Party companions; you know I have always been an enemy of half measures or weak decisions.
If the Providence has so willed that the German people cannot be spared this fight, then I can only be grateful that it entrusted me with the leadership in this historic struggle which, for the next 500 or 1,000 years, will be described as decisive, not only for the history of Germany, but for the whole of Europe and indeed the whole world.
The German people and their soldiers are working and fighting today, not only for the present, but also for the coming, nay the most distant, generations. The Creator has imposed a historical revision on a unique scale upon us.
Shortly after the end of the campaign in Norway, the German Command was forced, first of all, to ensure the military security of the conquered areas. Since then the defences of the conquered countries have changed considerably. From Kirkenes to the Spanish Frontier there is a belt of great bases and fortifications; many airfields have been built, naval bases with protection for submarines, which are practically invulnerable from sea or air.
More than 1,500 new batteries have been planned and constructed. A network of roads and railways was constructed so that today communications from the Spanish Frontier to Petsano are independent of the sea. These installations in no way fall behind those of the Western Wall, and work continues incessantly on strengthening them. I am irrevocably determined to make the European Front unassailable by any enemy.
This defensive work was supplemented by offensive warfare. German surface and underwater naval Forces carried on their constant war of attrition against the British Merchant Navy and the ships in its service. The German Air Force supported these attacks by reconnaissance, by damaging enemy shipping, by numerous retaliatory raids which have given the English a better idea of the ‘ ever so charming ’ war caused by their present Prime Minister.
In the middle of last year Germany was supported above all by Italy. For many months a great part of British power weighed heavily on the shoulders of Italy. Only because of their tremendous superiority in heavy tanks could the English create a temporary crisis in North Africa. On 24th March a small community of German-Italian units under Rommel's command began the counter-attack.
The German Africa Corps performed outstanding achievements though they were completely unaccustomed to the climate of this theatre of war. Just as once in Spain, now in North Africa Germans and Italians have taken up arms against the same enemy.
While with these bold measures the North African Front was again secured by the blood of German and Italian soldiers, the shadow of a terrible danger threatening Europe gathered overhead. Only in obedience of bitter necessity did I decide in my heart in 1939, to make the attempt, or at least, to create the prerequisites for a lasting peace in Europe by eliminating the causes of German-Russian tension.
This was psychologically difficult owing to the general attitude of the German people, and above all, of the party, towards Bolshevism. It was not difficult from a purely material point of view - because Germany was only intent on her economic interests in all the territories which England declared to be threatened by us and which she attacked with her promises of aid- for you will allow me to remind you that England, throughout the spring and late summer of 1939, offered its aid to numerous countries, declaring that it was our intention to invade those countries and thus deprive them of their liberty.
The German Reich and its Government were therefore able to affirm, with a clear conscience, that these allegations were false and had no bearing whatsoever on reality. Add to this the military realization that in the case of war, which British diplomacy was to force on the German people, a two front war would ensue and call for very great sacrifice.
When, on top of all this, the Baltic States and Rumania showed themselves prone to accept the British Pacts of assistance, and thus let it be seen
https://wn.com/Declaration_Of_War_On_The_US_By_Führer_Adolf_Hitler
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN
"Declaration of War on the US by Adolf Hitler"
"Deputies, Men of the German Reichstag! A year of events of historical significance is drawing to an end. A year of great decisions lies ahead. In these serious times, I speak to you, deputies of the German Reichstag, as the representatives of the German nation. Beyond and above that, the whole German people should take note of this glance into the past, as well as of the coming decisions the present and future impose upon us.
After the renewed refusal of my peace offer in January 1940 by the then British Prime Minister and the clique which supported or dominated him, it became clear that this war - against all reasons of common sense and necessity - must be fought to its end. You know me, my old Party companions; you know I have always been an enemy of half measures or weak decisions.
If the Providence has so willed that the German people cannot be spared this fight, then I can only be grateful that it entrusted me with the leadership in this historic struggle which, for the next 500 or 1,000 years, will be described as decisive, not only for the history of Germany, but for the whole of Europe and indeed the whole world.
The German people and their soldiers are working and fighting today, not only for the present, but also for the coming, nay the most distant, generations. The Creator has imposed a historical revision on a unique scale upon us.
Shortly after the end of the campaign in Norway, the German Command was forced, first of all, to ensure the military security of the conquered areas. Since then the defences of the conquered countries have changed considerably. From Kirkenes to the Spanish Frontier there is a belt of great bases and fortifications; many airfields have been built, naval bases with protection for submarines, which are practically invulnerable from sea or air.
More than 1,500 new batteries have been planned and constructed. A network of roads and railways was constructed so that today communications from the Spanish Frontier to Petsano are independent of the sea. These installations in no way fall behind those of the Western Wall, and work continues incessantly on strengthening them. I am irrevocably determined to make the European Front unassailable by any enemy.
This defensive work was supplemented by offensive warfare. German surface and underwater naval Forces carried on their constant war of attrition against the British Merchant Navy and the ships in its service. The German Air Force supported these attacks by reconnaissance, by damaging enemy shipping, by numerous retaliatory raids which have given the English a better idea of the ‘ ever so charming ’ war caused by their present Prime Minister.
In the middle of last year Germany was supported above all by Italy. For many months a great part of British power weighed heavily on the shoulders of Italy. Only because of their tremendous superiority in heavy tanks could the English create a temporary crisis in North Africa. On 24th March a small community of German-Italian units under Rommel's command began the counter-attack.
The German Africa Corps performed outstanding achievements though they were completely unaccustomed to the climate of this theatre of war. Just as once in Spain, now in North Africa Germans and Italians have taken up arms against the same enemy.
While with these bold measures the North African Front was again secured by the blood of German and Italian soldiers, the shadow of a terrible danger threatening Europe gathered overhead. Only in obedience of bitter necessity did I decide in my heart in 1939, to make the attempt, or at least, to create the prerequisites for a lasting peace in Europe by eliminating the causes of German-Russian tension.
This was psychologically difficult owing to the general attitude of the German people, and above all, of the party, towards Bolshevism. It was not difficult from a purely material point of view - because Germany was only intent on her economic interests in all the territories which England declared to be threatened by us and which she attacked with her promises of aid- for you will allow me to remind you that England, throughout the spring and late summer of 1939, offered its aid to numerous countries, declaring that it was our intention to invade those countries and thus deprive them of their liberty.
The German Reich and its Government were therefore able to affirm, with a clear conscience, that these allegations were false and had no bearing whatsoever on reality. Add to this the military realization that in the case of war, which British diplomacy was to force on the German people, a two front war would ensue and call for very great sacrifice.
When, on top of all this, the Baltic States and Rumania showed themselves prone to accept the British Pacts of assistance, and thus let it be seen
- published: 28 Dec 2011
- views: 3167
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:31
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 2838
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe
Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork
Una de las compensaciones que t...
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe
Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork
Una de las compensaciones que tiene esta profesión tan hermosa es encontrarnos por el camino con personas como Peter Allwork.
Peter Allwork Tribute
Cameraman, Chairman and pioneer of Aerial
Cinematography
PETER ALLWORK, who died on Friday July 30 2004 aged 76.
A highly renowned aerial cameraman was the founder of Aerial Camera Systems Ltd (ACS), one of the world’s leading suppliers of specialised facilities in broadcast television and feature film production.
During his distinguished career spanning over sixty years, including some sixty plus feature films and some of the finest commercials, Peter has worked with some of the world’s greatest directors, Alfred Hitchcock, Orson Welles, Steven Spielberg, Ridley Scott, Richard Attenborough, Sydney Pollack and Clint Eastwood to name but a few and was a pioneer of Aerial Cinematography.
Peter Leslie Allwork was born on December 26 1928 in Norwood Green near Uxbridge, the son of William and mother Josephine, Peter had five brother’s and one sister.
Peter began his career working for a year as an office boy at Denham Film Studios, before joining Leslie Howard’s Misbourne Productions also based at Denham. In his new position as a runner Peter fetched tea for director David Lean who was working on In Which We Serve and was given the opportunity to do the clapperboard for the first time. On Laurence Olivier's Henry V Peter first worked with the 3 Strip Technicolor camera, which meant having to load three films in at the same time instead of just one.
When promoted to the position of first assistant cameraman, focus puller, on The Way Ahead, Peter had his first introduction to flying with a flight in a Miles Master II trainer with the actor David Tomlinson. who was a Flight Lt. in the RAF at the time.
Whilst doing his National Service, Peter was a member of the 120th Field Regiment Royal Artillery and posted to Northumberland, however when his camera skills were discovered he was swiftly moved to Wembley to the AKS, the Army Kinematograph Service where he was in the company of the most eminent cameramen in the country, Freddie Young, Freddie Francis, John Willcox, and Norman Warwick etc.
Completing his National Service Peter flew to Canada to shoot aerial scenes and background shots over snow covered mountains for the film No Highway. After sleepless nights worrying that that camera was going to freeze up mid shot, Peter had well and truly caught the flying and filming bug and the results were magnificent! Peter married Frances Desbrow in 1958, having met her the previous year.
He then went on to work on a string of successful films with the Boulting Brothers and got his first camera operating break in the late sixties on the Boulting’s I'm Alright Jack, starring Peter Sellers. Josephine and Men and The Magic Christian followed, and it was when The Magic Christian was coming to an end that Peter Sellers arranged a meeting for Peter with a friend of his, Capt. Fred Barker, a meeting that was to shape Peter's future.
British Executive Aviation Services based at Kidlington Airport or B.E.A.S. Motion Picture and TV division as it came to be known, was the result of that meeting and it was at that this time that Peter also began using the Tyler Helicopter Camera Mounts, after meeting Nelson Tyler in Hollywood. B.E.A.S. first big assignment was the BBC series Bird's Eye View Of Great Britain, which Peter shot with pilot Peter Pekowski.
Feature films soon followed, Frenzy, Juggernaut and The Red Baron, notable for it's dramatic air to air combat, something of which Peter became a specialist earning himself a BAFTA award nomination for the magnificent aerial battle scenes in Aces High in 1976.
Following B.E.A.S., Peter formed Air Film Services at High Wycombe with Prince Andrew Von Preusen. Air Film Services quickly became second to none and in January 1979 producer John Dark asked Peter to film the aerial sequences for The Land That Time Forgot, but this time high over the mountains by Loch A'an in Scotland disaster struck with a tail rotor problem, causing the helicopter to crash into the frozen surface of the lake. Surviving the crash but missing for twelve hours and frozen to the core, Peter and the pilot Capt. John Poland were thankfully rescued by helicopter by the RAF.
Later that year, Peter was soon to take to the air again and it was also at this time that Peter decided it was time to go it alone in business and Peter Allwork Ltd, Aerial Camera Systems (ACS) based at Fairoaks Airport in Chobham Surrey was born. Out of Fairoaks Peter undertook the aerial filming for many major feature films including Superman, filming Superman’s exciting high speed flying sequences using a nose mount in a Lear Jet with pilot Clay Lacy, James .
Bond’s For Your Eye’s Only, Never Say Never Again, A View to a Kill and High Road
https://wn.com/Audi_Curvas_Tribute_To_Peter_Allwork
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe
Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork
Una de las compensaciones que tiene esta profesión tan hermosa es encontrarnos por el camino con personas como Peter Allwork.
Peter Allwork Tribute
Cameraman, Chairman and pioneer of Aerial
Cinematography
PETER ALLWORK, who died on Friday July 30 2004 aged 76.
A highly renowned aerial cameraman was the founder of Aerial Camera Systems Ltd (ACS), one of the world’s leading suppliers of specialised facilities in broadcast television and feature film production.
During his distinguished career spanning over sixty years, including some sixty plus feature films and some of the finest commercials, Peter has worked with some of the world’s greatest directors, Alfred Hitchcock, Orson Welles, Steven Spielberg, Ridley Scott, Richard Attenborough, Sydney Pollack and Clint Eastwood to name but a few and was a pioneer of Aerial Cinematography.
Peter Leslie Allwork was born on December 26 1928 in Norwood Green near Uxbridge, the son of William and mother Josephine, Peter had five brother’s and one sister.
Peter began his career working for a year as an office boy at Denham Film Studios, before joining Leslie Howard’s Misbourne Productions also based at Denham. In his new position as a runner Peter fetched tea for director David Lean who was working on In Which We Serve and was given the opportunity to do the clapperboard for the first time. On Laurence Olivier's Henry V Peter first worked with the 3 Strip Technicolor camera, which meant having to load three films in at the same time instead of just one.
When promoted to the position of first assistant cameraman, focus puller, on The Way Ahead, Peter had his first introduction to flying with a flight in a Miles Master II trainer with the actor David Tomlinson. who was a Flight Lt. in the RAF at the time.
Whilst doing his National Service, Peter was a member of the 120th Field Regiment Royal Artillery and posted to Northumberland, however when his camera skills were discovered he was swiftly moved to Wembley to the AKS, the Army Kinematograph Service where he was in the company of the most eminent cameramen in the country, Freddie Young, Freddie Francis, John Willcox, and Norman Warwick etc.
Completing his National Service Peter flew to Canada to shoot aerial scenes and background shots over snow covered mountains for the film No Highway. After sleepless nights worrying that that camera was going to freeze up mid shot, Peter had well and truly caught the flying and filming bug and the results were magnificent! Peter married Frances Desbrow in 1958, having met her the previous year.
He then went on to work on a string of successful films with the Boulting Brothers and got his first camera operating break in the late sixties on the Boulting’s I'm Alright Jack, starring Peter Sellers. Josephine and Men and The Magic Christian followed, and it was when The Magic Christian was coming to an end that Peter Sellers arranged a meeting for Peter with a friend of his, Capt. Fred Barker, a meeting that was to shape Peter's future.
British Executive Aviation Services based at Kidlington Airport or B.E.A.S. Motion Picture and TV division as it came to be known, was the result of that meeting and it was at that this time that Peter also began using the Tyler Helicopter Camera Mounts, after meeting Nelson Tyler in Hollywood. B.E.A.S. first big assignment was the BBC series Bird's Eye View Of Great Britain, which Peter shot with pilot Peter Pekowski.
Feature films soon followed, Frenzy, Juggernaut and The Red Baron, notable for it's dramatic air to air combat, something of which Peter became a specialist earning himself a BAFTA award nomination for the magnificent aerial battle scenes in Aces High in 1976.
Following B.E.A.S., Peter formed Air Film Services at High Wycombe with Prince Andrew Von Preusen. Air Film Services quickly became second to none and in January 1979 producer John Dark asked Peter to film the aerial sequences for The Land That Time Forgot, but this time high over the mountains by Loch A'an in Scotland disaster struck with a tail rotor problem, causing the helicopter to crash into the frozen surface of the lake. Surviving the crash but missing for twelve hours and frozen to the core, Peter and the pilot Capt. John Poland were thankfully rescued by helicopter by the RAF.
Later that year, Peter was soon to take to the air again and it was also at this time that Peter decided it was time to go it alone in business and Peter Allwork Ltd, Aerial Camera Systems (ACS) based at Fairoaks Airport in Chobham Surrey was born. Out of Fairoaks Peter undertook the aerial filming for many major feature films including Superman, filming Superman’s exciting high speed flying sequences using a nose mount in a Lear Jet with pilot Clay Lacy, James .
Bond’s For Your Eye’s Only, Never Say Never Again, A View to a Kill and High Road
- published: 05 Mar 2009
- views: 2838
Ex Deo - "I, Caligvla"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:40
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 0
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio.
Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla.
Cal...
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio.
Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla.
Calgvla's Sisters
Surtsey Castano
Julia Agrippina, most commonly referred to as Agrippina Minor or Agrippina the Younger, and after 50 known as Julia Augusta Agrippina (Minor Latin for the ‘younger’, Classical Latin: IVLIA•AGRIPPINA; IVLIA•AVGVSTA•AGRIPPINA,[1] 7 November 15 or 6 November 16[2] – 19/23 March 59) was a Roman Empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and fourth wife of the Emperor Claudius, and mother of the Emperor Nero.
Agrippina the Younger has been described by both the ancient and modern sources as ‘ruthless, ambitious, violent and domineering’. She was a beautiful and reputable woman and according to Pliny the Elder, she had a double canine in her upper right jaw, a sign of good fortune. Many ancient historians accuse Agrippina of poisoning Emperor Claudius, though accounts vary
Natalia Zakharova
Julia Drusilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•DRVSILLA[1]) (16 September AD 16 – 10 June AD 38) was the second daughter and fifth living child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder, and the sister of the Roman Emperor Caligula. Drusilla also had two sisters (Julia Livilla and the Empress Agrippina the Younger) and two other brothers (Nero and Drusus). She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and sister-in-law of the Emperor Claudius, and maternal aunt of the Emperor Nero.
Layla Tee
Julia Livilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•LIVILLA,[1] also called IVLIA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[2][3][4] or LIVILLA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[5]) (early AD 18 - late AD 41 or early AD 42) was the youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder and the youngest sister of the Emperor Caligula.
Gladiators
Gilles Lartigot
Ambiorix - Gaul Gladiator
John Derezze
Orpheus - Thracian Gladiator
Guests
Jay Dost
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus (d. 39) was a Roman general and politician. He was involved in a plot against the emperor Caligula and was executed after its discovery.
Dean Durbin
Claudius (Latin: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus;[1] 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54) was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy. Because he was afflicted with a limp and slight deafness due to sickness at a young age, his family ostracized him and excluded him from public office until his consulship, shared with his nephew Caligula in 37. Claudius' infirmity probably saved him from the fate of many other nobles during the purges of Tiberius and Caligula's reigns; potential enemies did not see him as a serious threat. His survival led to his being declared Emperor by the Praetorian Guard after Caligula's assassination, at which point he was the last adult male of his family.
Despite his lack of experience, Claudius proved to be an able and efficient administrator. He was also an ambitious builder, constructing many new roads, aqueducts, and canals across the Empire. During his reign the Empire conquered Thrace, Noricum, Pamphylia, Lycia and Judaea, and began the conquest of Britain. Having a personal interest in law, he presided at public trials, and issued up to twenty edicts a day. However, he was seen as vulnerable throughout his reign, particularly by the nobility. Claudius was constantly forced to shore up his position; this resulted in the deaths of many senators. These events damaged his reputation among the ancient writers, though more recent historians have revised this opinion. After his death in 54, his grand-nephew and adopted son Nero succeeded him as Emperor.
Mary Durbin
Milonia Caesonia (died 24 January AD 41) was a Roman empress and the fourth and last wife of the Roman Emperor Caligula.
Coming from modest origins, Caesonia was a daughter of Vistilia. Her younger half-brother was the Roman Consul and General Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. Her niece, Domitia Longina, married the future Roman Emperor Domitian.
Little is written of Caesonia. Suetonius says that when Caligula married her she was neither beautiful nor young,[1] and was the mother of three daughters by another man.[1] He describes her as a woman of reckless extravagance and wantonness,[1] whom nevertheless Caligula loved passionately and faithfully.[1]
Cassius Dio says that Caligula began an affair with Caesonia prior to their marriage (in either late 39 or early 40).[2] She was pregnant when they married and gave birth to Julia Drusilla only one month later;[3] Suetonius, on the other hand, says
https://wn.com/Ex_Deo_I,_Caligvla
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio.
Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla.
Calgvla's Sisters
Surtsey Castano
Julia Agrippina, most commonly referred to as Agrippina Minor or Agrippina the Younger, and after 50 known as Julia Augusta Agrippina (Minor Latin for the ‘younger’, Classical Latin: IVLIA•AGRIPPINA; IVLIA•AVGVSTA•AGRIPPINA,[1] 7 November 15 or 6 November 16[2] – 19/23 March 59) was a Roman Empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and fourth wife of the Emperor Claudius, and mother of the Emperor Nero.
Agrippina the Younger has been described by both the ancient and modern sources as ‘ruthless, ambitious, violent and domineering’. She was a beautiful and reputable woman and according to Pliny the Elder, she had a double canine in her upper right jaw, a sign of good fortune. Many ancient historians accuse Agrippina of poisoning Emperor Claudius, though accounts vary
Natalia Zakharova
Julia Drusilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•DRVSILLA[1]) (16 September AD 16 – 10 June AD 38) was the second daughter and fifth living child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder, and the sister of the Roman Emperor Caligula. Drusilla also had two sisters (Julia Livilla and the Empress Agrippina the Younger) and two other brothers (Nero and Drusus). She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and sister-in-law of the Emperor Claudius, and maternal aunt of the Emperor Nero.
Layla Tee
Julia Livilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•LIVILLA,[1] also called IVLIA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[2][3][4] or LIVILLA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[5]) (early AD 18 - late AD 41 or early AD 42) was the youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder and the youngest sister of the Emperor Caligula.
Gladiators
Gilles Lartigot
Ambiorix - Gaul Gladiator
John Derezze
Orpheus - Thracian Gladiator
Guests
Jay Dost
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus (d. 39) was a Roman general and politician. He was involved in a plot against the emperor Caligula and was executed after its discovery.
Dean Durbin
Claudius (Latin: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus;[1] 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54) was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy. Because he was afflicted with a limp and slight deafness due to sickness at a young age, his family ostracized him and excluded him from public office until his consulship, shared with his nephew Caligula in 37. Claudius' infirmity probably saved him from the fate of many other nobles during the purges of Tiberius and Caligula's reigns; potential enemies did not see him as a serious threat. His survival led to his being declared Emperor by the Praetorian Guard after Caligula's assassination, at which point he was the last adult male of his family.
Despite his lack of experience, Claudius proved to be an able and efficient administrator. He was also an ambitious builder, constructing many new roads, aqueducts, and canals across the Empire. During his reign the Empire conquered Thrace, Noricum, Pamphylia, Lycia and Judaea, and began the conquest of Britain. Having a personal interest in law, he presided at public trials, and issued up to twenty edicts a day. However, he was seen as vulnerable throughout his reign, particularly by the nobility. Claudius was constantly forced to shore up his position; this resulted in the deaths of many senators. These events damaged his reputation among the ancient writers, though more recent historians have revised this opinion. After his death in 54, his grand-nephew and adopted son Nero succeeded him as Emperor.
Mary Durbin
Milonia Caesonia (died 24 January AD 41) was a Roman empress and the fourth and last wife of the Roman Emperor Caligula.
Coming from modest origins, Caesonia was a daughter of Vistilia. Her younger half-brother was the Roman Consul and General Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. Her niece, Domitia Longina, married the future Roman Emperor Domitian.
Little is written of Caesonia. Suetonius says that when Caligula married her she was neither beautiful nor young,[1] and was the mother of three daughters by another man.[1] He describes her as a woman of reckless extravagance and wantonness,[1] whom nevertheless Caligula loved passionately and faithfully.[1]
Cassius Dio says that Caligula began an affair with Caesonia prior to their marriage (in either late 39 or early 40).[2] She was pregnant when they married and gave birth to Julia Drusilla only one month later;[3] Suetonius, on the other hand, says
- published: 30 Jun 2012
- views: 0
Javier Souto & Jose Regalado - Bay of Pigs - Veteran Interviews
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:35:07
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 3755
Javier Souto
Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle Hi...
Javier Souto
Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle High School in Havana, graduating in 1956. After that he attended Villanova University in Havana and the University of Havana. In the U.S.A. he attended Miami-Dade College and the University of Miami where he graduated from the School of Business in 1967. Souto is a veteran of the Bay of Pigs Invasion (a founding member, #2504) where he was active in the infiltration teams. He served for several years, after the Bay of Pigs, with the CIA sponsored Special Missions Groups. Commissioner Souto was elected to the Florida House of Representatives in November 1984. Javier D. Souto was the first elected Miami-Dade County Commissioner representing District 10 in April 1993. He was reelected in 1994, 1998, 2002, and 2006. His commission district includes portions of Kendall, Westchester, and Fontainebleau. Javier is married to Berta Cepero. They have three adult children, Javier arrived in Miami-Dade County from Cuba on March 25, 1960, and has lived in Miami ever since.
Jose Regalado
Infiltration
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
UBS International Inc., Coral Gables, Florida
1994-2004 Vice President International Investments – Retired in 2004
Merrill Lynch International, Miami, Florida
1987-2004 Senior Financial Consultant
1985-1987 Senior Vice-president Tesoro Savings and Loan Association
Head of Private Banking
San Antonio, Texas
Bank of America Latin American Division
1969-1985 Vice President and Manager, Metro America Soc. Financiera, Caracas Venezuela
Manager, Quito Branch in Ecuador
Senior Credit Administrator for Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Chile based in Caracas
Assistant Vice President Latin American Section, Los Angeles International Office
1960-1967 Bay Of Pigs Invasion Brigade, Intelligence Officer, Infiltration Teams – Miami, Guatemala,
Panama – Infiltrated in Cuba 02/14/1961 to train guerillas in Matanzas Province and help
The underground in Havana prior to the Bay of Pigs Invasion
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
1969 University of Southern California in Los Angeles, Master of Business Administration
In International Business
1967 Mount St. Mary’s College, Los Angeles, Ca, Major in Spanish and Business Education
With a Minor in Economics
1987 Merrill Lynch MBA Training at Princeton, NJ as International Financial Consultant
1988 Mortgage Broker License State of Florida
1979 Bank of America Professor of Control Documentation for Officer Candidates in Latin
America
1959 Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva,
Marianao, Habana, Cuba. Graduated as C.P.A. B.A. In Sciences
Major in Accounting and Economics
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba - 08/15/1937 son of Jose Regalado Sanz, Spanish from Barcelona and Rufina Santana Iglesias from Pinar del Rio, Cuba.
Civil Status – Married 53 years ago, 4 children, 10 grandchildren, 2 great-grandchildren - US Citizen
Life in Pre-Castro Cuba:
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Lived at same address in Marianao until married on 06/23/1956.
1941-1954 - From Pre-primary until graduation from High School attended same school. Colegio De La Salle of the Order of the Christian Brothers of St. Juan Bautista De La Salle. High School with emphasis in Humanities.
1954-1959 – B.A. in Sciences (Ciencias Comerciales) Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Married to Nancy Salas Perez, 06/23/1956 the daughter of General Rafael A. Salas Canizares, killed by Revolutionaries in 1956. He was the National Chief of Police in Cuba.
1957-1958 traveling in Western Europe. Lived in Madrid for 6 months and returned to Havana prior to the fall of the Batista Government. Due to my wife’s family attachment to the Government of Fulgencio Batista Revolutionaries looted our house on January 1, 1959 and I was forced to be present during the looting of my house.
January 12, 1959 while driving to my parent’s home in the outskirts of Havana, I was kidnapped by elements of the July 26 Movement in the area of the Country Club and tied to a tree. They claimed that we had millions stashed away and they wanted $100,000 or else my mother-in-law, my wife, and I will be killed. They gave me 48 hours to get the money. A dear friend of mine Dr. Jose Roiz, a minority stockholder in one of our companies and a gun collector, upon learning about the predicament I was in offered himself with a couple of friends to set a trap up for the revolutionaries at my parent’s home. When they came for the money Jose Roiz, his friends and I engaged them in a firefight and they escape
https://wn.com/Javier_Souto_Jose_Regalado_Bay_Of_Pigs_Veteran_Interviews
Javier Souto
Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle High School in Havana, graduating in 1956. After that he attended Villanova University in Havana and the University of Havana. In the U.S.A. he attended Miami-Dade College and the University of Miami where he graduated from the School of Business in 1967. Souto is a veteran of the Bay of Pigs Invasion (a founding member, #2504) where he was active in the infiltration teams. He served for several years, after the Bay of Pigs, with the CIA sponsored Special Missions Groups. Commissioner Souto was elected to the Florida House of Representatives in November 1984. Javier D. Souto was the first elected Miami-Dade County Commissioner representing District 10 in April 1993. He was reelected in 1994, 1998, 2002, and 2006. His commission district includes portions of Kendall, Westchester, and Fontainebleau. Javier is married to Berta Cepero. They have three adult children, Javier arrived in Miami-Dade County from Cuba on March 25, 1960, and has lived in Miami ever since.
Jose Regalado
Infiltration
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
UBS International Inc., Coral Gables, Florida
1994-2004 Vice President International Investments – Retired in 2004
Merrill Lynch International, Miami, Florida
1987-2004 Senior Financial Consultant
1985-1987 Senior Vice-president Tesoro Savings and Loan Association
Head of Private Banking
San Antonio, Texas
Bank of America Latin American Division
1969-1985 Vice President and Manager, Metro America Soc. Financiera, Caracas Venezuela
Manager, Quito Branch in Ecuador
Senior Credit Administrator for Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Chile based in Caracas
Assistant Vice President Latin American Section, Los Angeles International Office
1960-1967 Bay Of Pigs Invasion Brigade, Intelligence Officer, Infiltration Teams – Miami, Guatemala,
Panama – Infiltrated in Cuba 02/14/1961 to train guerillas in Matanzas Province and help
The underground in Havana prior to the Bay of Pigs Invasion
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
1969 University of Southern California in Los Angeles, Master of Business Administration
In International Business
1967 Mount St. Mary’s College, Los Angeles, Ca, Major in Spanish and Business Education
With a Minor in Economics
1987 Merrill Lynch MBA Training at Princeton, NJ as International Financial Consultant
1988 Mortgage Broker License State of Florida
1979 Bank of America Professor of Control Documentation for Officer Candidates in Latin
America
1959 Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva,
Marianao, Habana, Cuba. Graduated as C.P.A. B.A. In Sciences
Major in Accounting and Economics
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba - 08/15/1937 son of Jose Regalado Sanz, Spanish from Barcelona and Rufina Santana Iglesias from Pinar del Rio, Cuba.
Civil Status – Married 53 years ago, 4 children, 10 grandchildren, 2 great-grandchildren - US Citizen
Life in Pre-Castro Cuba:
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Lived at same address in Marianao until married on 06/23/1956.
1941-1954 - From Pre-primary until graduation from High School attended same school. Colegio De La Salle of the Order of the Christian Brothers of St. Juan Bautista De La Salle. High School with emphasis in Humanities.
1954-1959 – B.A. in Sciences (Ciencias Comerciales) Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Married to Nancy Salas Perez, 06/23/1956 the daughter of General Rafael A. Salas Canizares, killed by Revolutionaries in 1956. He was the National Chief of Police in Cuba.
1957-1958 traveling in Western Europe. Lived in Madrid for 6 months and returned to Havana prior to the fall of the Batista Government. Due to my wife’s family attachment to the Government of Fulgencio Batista Revolutionaries looted our house on January 1, 1959 and I was forced to be present during the looting of my house.
January 12, 1959 while driving to my parent’s home in the outskirts of Havana, I was kidnapped by elements of the July 26 Movement in the area of the Country Club and tied to a tree. They claimed that we had millions stashed away and they wanted $100,000 or else my mother-in-law, my wife, and I will be killed. They gave me 48 hours to get the money. A dear friend of mine Dr. Jose Roiz, a minority stockholder in one of our companies and a gun collector, upon learning about the predicament I was in offered himself with a couple of friends to set a trap up for the revolutionaries at my parent’s home. When they came for the money Jose Roiz, his friends and I engaged them in a firefight and they escape
- published: 18 Aug 2011
- views: 3755
Avitus Western Roman Emperor 455-456 A.D. History and Ancient Coins
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:35
- Updated: 19 Feb 2014
- views: 9
http://www.TrustedCoins.com
Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. ...
http://www.TrustedCoins.com
Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. A Gallic-Roman aristocrat, he was a senator and a high-ranking officer both in the civil and military administration, as well as Bishop of Piacenza.
A representative of the Gallic-Roman aristocracy, he opposed the reduction of the Western Roman Empire to Italy alone, both politically and from the administrative point of view. For this reason, as Emperor he introduced several Gallic senators in the imperial administration; this policy, however, was opposed by both the senatorial aristocracy and by the people of Rome, which had suffered because of the Vandalic sack of the city in 455. Avitus had a good relationship with the Visigoths, in particular with their king Theodoric II, who was a friend of his and who acclaimed Avitus Emperor, but the possibility of a strong and useful alliance between Visigoths and Romans ended when Theodoric invaded Roman Hispania and then refused to help Avitus against the rebel Roman generals who deposed him.
Origins and early career
Avitus was born in Clermont, in a noble family of the senatorial aristocracy of Gallic-Roman origin; his father was possibly Flavius Julius Agricola, consul in 421. He had at least two sons and a daughter: Agricola (440 – after 507, a vir inlustris), Ecdicius Avitus (later patricius and magister militum under Emperor Julius Nepos), and, clarissima femina (who married the praetorian prefect of Gaul Tonantius Ferreolus). He was also related to Magnus Felix and Priscus Valerianus. Agricola's daughter, also named Papianilla (490–530), married her relative Parthenius (485–548), a Patron in 542 and perhaps a great-grandson of Felix Ennodius.
Avitus followed a course of study typical for a young man of his rank: he studied law. Before 421 he was sent to the powerful patricius Flavius Constantius (shortly Emperor in 421), to ask for a tax reduction for his own country. This embassy was successful. A relative of his, Theodorus, was hostage at the court of the King of Visigoths, Theodoric I: in 425/426 Avitus went and met him, thus meeting the King, who let Avitus enter his own court. Here, around 439, Avitus met the son of Theodoric, Theodoric II, who later became King. Avitus inspired the young Theodoric to study Latin poets.
He then started a military career: he served under the magister militum Aetius in his campaign against the Juthungi and the Norics (430–431) and also against the Burgundians (436). In 437, after being elevated to the rank of vir inlustris, he returned to Alvernia, where he held a high office, probably magister militum per Gallias; in that same year he defeated near Clermont a group of Hunnic raiders and obliged Theodoric to lift the siege of Narbonne. In 439 he became Praetorian prefect of Gaul; in that same year he renewed the friendship treaty with the Visigoths.
Before the summer of 440, he retired to private life in his lands, called Avitacum, near Clermont. Here he lived until 451, when the Huns, led by Attila, invaded the Western Roman Empire; Avitus used his own influence over Theodoric to convince him to an alliance between Visigoths and Romans. Theodoric and Aetius defeated Attila in the Battle of Châlons, although Theodoric was killed there.
Rise to the throne
In the late spring of 455, Avitus was recalled to service by emperor Petronius Maximus and was elevated to the rank of magister militum, probably praesentalis; Maximus sent Avitus in an embassy to the court of Theodoric II, who had succeeded to his father, at Toulouse: this embassy probably confirmed the new King and his people the condition of foederati of the Empire and asked for their support to the new Emperor.
While Avitus was at Theodoric's court, news came of the death of Petronius Maximus (May 22) and of the sack of Rome by the Vandals of Gaiseric. Theodoric acclaimed Avitus Emperor in Toulouse, on July 9,[5] the new Emperor was acclaimed by the Gallic chiefs gathered in Viernum, near Arelate, and later, around August 5, before Avitus reached Rome, he received the recognition of the Roman Senate.
Avitus stayed in Gaul for three months, to consolidate his power in the region that was the center of his support, and later went to Italy with a Gallic army, probably reinforced with a Gothic force. He probably travelled to Noricum to restore the imperial authority in that province, and then passed through Ravenna, where he left a Gothic force under the new patricius and magister militum Remistus, a Visigoth. On September 21, finally, he entered Rome.
Consolidation of power
The effective power of Avitus depended on the support of all the major players in the Western Roman Empire in the mid-5th century. The new Emperor needed the support of both the civil institutions, the Roman senate and the Eastern Roman Emperor Marcian, as well as that of the army and its commanders
https://wn.com/Avitus_Western_Roman_Emperor_455_456_A.D._History_And_Ancient_Coins
http://www.TrustedCoins.com
Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. A Gallic-Roman aristocrat, he was a senator and a high-ranking officer both in the civil and military administration, as well as Bishop of Piacenza.
A representative of the Gallic-Roman aristocracy, he opposed the reduction of the Western Roman Empire to Italy alone, both politically and from the administrative point of view. For this reason, as Emperor he introduced several Gallic senators in the imperial administration; this policy, however, was opposed by both the senatorial aristocracy and by the people of Rome, which had suffered because of the Vandalic sack of the city in 455. Avitus had a good relationship with the Visigoths, in particular with their king Theodoric II, who was a friend of his and who acclaimed Avitus Emperor, but the possibility of a strong and useful alliance between Visigoths and Romans ended when Theodoric invaded Roman Hispania and then refused to help Avitus against the rebel Roman generals who deposed him.
Origins and early career
Avitus was born in Clermont, in a noble family of the senatorial aristocracy of Gallic-Roman origin; his father was possibly Flavius Julius Agricola, consul in 421. He had at least two sons and a daughter: Agricola (440 – after 507, a vir inlustris), Ecdicius Avitus (later patricius and magister militum under Emperor Julius Nepos), and, clarissima femina (who married the praetorian prefect of Gaul Tonantius Ferreolus). He was also related to Magnus Felix and Priscus Valerianus. Agricola's daughter, also named Papianilla (490–530), married her relative Parthenius (485–548), a Patron in 542 and perhaps a great-grandson of Felix Ennodius.
Avitus followed a course of study typical for a young man of his rank: he studied law. Before 421 he was sent to the powerful patricius Flavius Constantius (shortly Emperor in 421), to ask for a tax reduction for his own country. This embassy was successful. A relative of his, Theodorus, was hostage at the court of the King of Visigoths, Theodoric I: in 425/426 Avitus went and met him, thus meeting the King, who let Avitus enter his own court. Here, around 439, Avitus met the son of Theodoric, Theodoric II, who later became King. Avitus inspired the young Theodoric to study Latin poets.
He then started a military career: he served under the magister militum Aetius in his campaign against the Juthungi and the Norics (430–431) and also against the Burgundians (436). In 437, after being elevated to the rank of vir inlustris, he returned to Alvernia, where he held a high office, probably magister militum per Gallias; in that same year he defeated near Clermont a group of Hunnic raiders and obliged Theodoric to lift the siege of Narbonne. In 439 he became Praetorian prefect of Gaul; in that same year he renewed the friendship treaty with the Visigoths.
Before the summer of 440, he retired to private life in his lands, called Avitacum, near Clermont. Here he lived until 451, when the Huns, led by Attila, invaded the Western Roman Empire; Avitus used his own influence over Theodoric to convince him to an alliance between Visigoths and Romans. Theodoric and Aetius defeated Attila in the Battle of Châlons, although Theodoric was killed there.
Rise to the throne
In the late spring of 455, Avitus was recalled to service by emperor Petronius Maximus and was elevated to the rank of magister militum, probably praesentalis; Maximus sent Avitus in an embassy to the court of Theodoric II, who had succeeded to his father, at Toulouse: this embassy probably confirmed the new King and his people the condition of foederati of the Empire and asked for their support to the new Emperor.
While Avitus was at Theodoric's court, news came of the death of Petronius Maximus (May 22) and of the sack of Rome by the Vandals of Gaiseric. Theodoric acclaimed Avitus Emperor in Toulouse, on July 9,[5] the new Emperor was acclaimed by the Gallic chiefs gathered in Viernum, near Arelate, and later, around August 5, before Avitus reached Rome, he received the recognition of the Roman Senate.
Avitus stayed in Gaul for three months, to consolidate his power in the region that was the center of his support, and later went to Italy with a Gallic army, probably reinforced with a Gothic force. He probably travelled to Noricum to restore the imperial authority in that province, and then passed through Ravenna, where he left a Gothic force under the new patricius and magister militum Remistus, a Visigoth. On September 21, finally, he entered Rome.
Consolidation of power
The effective power of Avitus depended on the support of all the major players in the Western Roman Empire in the mid-5th century. The new Emperor needed the support of both the civil institutions, the Roman senate and the Eastern Roman Emperor Marcian, as well as that of the army and its commanders
- published: 16 Jun 2013
- views: 9
Theodosius I - Roman Emperor 379-395 A.D. Biography Ancient Roman Coins to Buy Certified and Guaranteed Authentic
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Click link to buy authentic ancient Roman coins of Theodosius I: http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/theodosiusi-authentic...
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Flavius Theodosius ( 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great (Greek: Θεοδόσιος Α΄ and Θεοδόσιος ο Μέγας), was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern and Western Roman Empire. After his death, the two parts split permanently. He is also known for making Nicene Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire.
Career
Theodosius was born in Cauca, in Hispania (modern day Coca, Spain) or, more probably, in or near Italica (Seville)[2], to a senior military officer, Theodosius the Elder. He accompanied his father to Britannia to help quell the Great Conspiracy in 368. He was military commander (dux) of Moesia, a Roman province on the lower Danube, in 374. However, shortly thereafter, and at about the same time as the sudden disgrace and execution of his father, Theodosius retired to Spain. The reason for his retirement, and the relationship (if any) between it and his father's death is unclear. It is possible that he was dismissed from his command by the emperor Valentinian I after the loss of two of Theodosius' legions to the Sarmatians in late 374.
The death of Valentinian I in 375 created political pandemonium. Fearing further persecution on account of his family ties, Theodosius abruptly retired to his family estates where he adapted to the life of a provincial aristocrat.
From 364 to 375, the Roman Empire was governed by two co-emperors, the brothers Valentinian I and Valens; when Valentinian died in 375, his sons, Valentinian II and Gratian, succeeded him as rulers of the Western Roman Empire. In 378, after Valens was killed in the Battle of Adrianople, Gratian appointed Theodosius to replace the fallen emperor as co-augustus for the East. Gratian was killed in a rebellion in 383, then Theodosius appointed his elder son, Arcadius, his co-ruler for the East. After the death in 392 of Valentinian II, whom Theodosius had supported against a variety of usurpations, Theodosius ruled as sole emperor, appointing his younger son Honorius Augustus as his co-ruler for the West (Milan, on 23 January 393) and defeating the usurper Eugenius on 6 September 394, at the Battle of the Frigidus (Vipava river, modern Slovenia) he restored peace.
Family
By his first wife, the probably Spanish Aelia Flaccilla Augusta, he had two sons, Arcadius and Honorius and a daughter, Aelia Pulcheria; Arcadius was his heir in the East and Honorius in the West. Both Aelia Flaccilla and Pulcheria died in 385.
His second wife (but never declared Augusta) was Galla, daughter of the emperor Valentinian I and his second wife Justina. Theodosius and Galla had a son Gratian, born in 388 who died young and a daughter Aelia Galla Placidia (392–450). Placidia was the only child who survived to adulthood and later became an Empress; a third child, John, died with his mother in childbirth in 394.
Diplomatic policy with the Goths
The Goths and their allies (Vandali, Taifalae, Bastarnae and the native Carpi) entrenched in the provinces of Dacia and eastern Pannonia Inferior consumed Theodosious' attention. The Gothic crisis was so dire that his co-Emperor Gratian relinquished control of the Illyrian provinces and retired to Trier in Gaul to let Theodosius operate without hindrance. A major weakness in the Roman position after the defeat at Adrianople was the recruiting of barbarians to fight against other barbarians. In order to reconstruct the Roman Army of the West, Theodosius needed to find able bodied soldiers and so he turned to the most capable men readily to hand: the barbarians recently settled in the Empire. This caused many difficulties in the battle against barbarians since the newly recruited fighters had little or no loyalty to Theodosius.
Theodosius was reduced to the costly expedient of shipping his recruits to Egypt and replacing them with more seasoned Romans, but there were still switches of allegiance that resulted in military setbacks. Gratian sent generals to clear the dioceses of Illyria (Pannonia and Dalmatia) of Goths, and Theodosius was able finally to enter Constantinople on 24 November 380, after two seasons in the field. The final treaties with the remaining Gothic forces, signed 3 October 382, permitted large contingents of primarily Thervingian Goths to settle along the southern Danube frontier in the province of Thrace and largely govern themselves.
The Goths now settled within the Empire had, as a result of the treaties, military obligations to fight for the Romans as a national contingent, as opposed to being fully integrated into the Roman forces.
https://wn.com/Theodosius_I_Roman_Emperor_379_395_A.D._Biography_Ancient_Roman_Coins_To_Buy_Certified_And_Guaranteed_Authentic
Click link to buy authentic ancient Roman coins of Theodosius I: http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/theodosiusi-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Flavius Theodosius ( 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great (Greek: Θεοδόσιος Α΄ and Θεοδόσιος ο Μέγας), was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern and Western Roman Empire. After his death, the two parts split permanently. He is also known for making Nicene Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire.
Career
Theodosius was born in Cauca, in Hispania (modern day Coca, Spain) or, more probably, in or near Italica (Seville)[2], to a senior military officer, Theodosius the Elder. He accompanied his father to Britannia to help quell the Great Conspiracy in 368. He was military commander (dux) of Moesia, a Roman province on the lower Danube, in 374. However, shortly thereafter, and at about the same time as the sudden disgrace and execution of his father, Theodosius retired to Spain. The reason for his retirement, and the relationship (if any) between it and his father's death is unclear. It is possible that he was dismissed from his command by the emperor Valentinian I after the loss of two of Theodosius' legions to the Sarmatians in late 374.
The death of Valentinian I in 375 created political pandemonium. Fearing further persecution on account of his family ties, Theodosius abruptly retired to his family estates where he adapted to the life of a provincial aristocrat.
From 364 to 375, the Roman Empire was governed by two co-emperors, the brothers Valentinian I and Valens; when Valentinian died in 375, his sons, Valentinian II and Gratian, succeeded him as rulers of the Western Roman Empire. In 378, after Valens was killed in the Battle of Adrianople, Gratian appointed Theodosius to replace the fallen emperor as co-augustus for the East. Gratian was killed in a rebellion in 383, then Theodosius appointed his elder son, Arcadius, his co-ruler for the East. After the death in 392 of Valentinian II, whom Theodosius had supported against a variety of usurpations, Theodosius ruled as sole emperor, appointing his younger son Honorius Augustus as his co-ruler for the West (Milan, on 23 January 393) and defeating the usurper Eugenius on 6 September 394, at the Battle of the Frigidus (Vipava river, modern Slovenia) he restored peace.
Family
By his first wife, the probably Spanish Aelia Flaccilla Augusta, he had two sons, Arcadius and Honorius and a daughter, Aelia Pulcheria; Arcadius was his heir in the East and Honorius in the West. Both Aelia Flaccilla and Pulcheria died in 385.
His second wife (but never declared Augusta) was Galla, daughter of the emperor Valentinian I and his second wife Justina. Theodosius and Galla had a son Gratian, born in 388 who died young and a daughter Aelia Galla Placidia (392–450). Placidia was the only child who survived to adulthood and later became an Empress; a third child, John, died with his mother in childbirth in 394.
Diplomatic policy with the Goths
The Goths and their allies (Vandali, Taifalae, Bastarnae and the native Carpi) entrenched in the provinces of Dacia and eastern Pannonia Inferior consumed Theodosious' attention. The Gothic crisis was so dire that his co-Emperor Gratian relinquished control of the Illyrian provinces and retired to Trier in Gaul to let Theodosius operate without hindrance. A major weakness in the Roman position after the defeat at Adrianople was the recruiting of barbarians to fight against other barbarians. In order to reconstruct the Roman Army of the West, Theodosius needed to find able bodied soldiers and so he turned to the most capable men readily to hand: the barbarians recently settled in the Empire. This caused many difficulties in the battle against barbarians since the newly recruited fighters had little or no loyalty to Theodosius.
Theodosius was reduced to the costly expedient of shipping his recruits to Egypt and replacing them with more seasoned Romans, but there were still switches of allegiance that resulted in military setbacks. Gratian sent generals to clear the dioceses of Illyria (Pannonia and Dalmatia) of Goths, and Theodosius was able finally to enter Constantinople on 24 November 380, after two seasons in the field. The final treaties with the remaining Gothic forces, signed 3 October 382, permitted large contingents of primarily Thervingian Goths to settle along the southern Danube frontier in the province of Thrace and largely govern themselves.
The Goths now settled within the Empire had, as a result of the treaties, military obligations to fight for the Romans as a national contingent, as opposed to being fully integrated into the Roman forces.
- published: 04 Jul 2013
- views: 22
Trajan - Roman Emperor 98-117 A.D. Biography History Ancient Roman Coins for Sale from Best Coin Dealer
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- Duration: 4:31
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http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/trajan-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known...
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Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan (18 September, 53 – 8 August, 117), was a Roman Emperor who reigned from AD 98 until his death in AD 117. Born Marcus Ulpius Traianus into a non-patrician family in the Hispania Baetica province (modern day Spain), Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian, serving as a general in the Roman army along the German frontier, and successfully crushing the revolt of Antonius Saturninus in 89. On September 18, 96, Domitian was succeeded by Marcus Cocceius Nerva, an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army. After a brief and tumultuous year in power, a revolt by members of the Praetorian Guard compelled him to adopt the more popular Trajan as his heir and successor. Nerva died on January 27, 98, and was succeeded by his adopted son without incident.
As a civilian administrator, Trajan is best known for his extensive public building program, which reshaped the city of Rome and left multiple enduring landmarks such as Trajan's Forum, Trajan's Market and Trajan's Column. It was as a military commander however that Trajan celebrated his greatest triumphs. In 101, he launched a punitive expedition into the kingdom of Dacia against king Decebalus, defeating the Dacian army near Tapae in 102, and finally conquering Dacia completely in 106. In 107, Trajan pushed further east and annexed the Nabataean kingdom, establishing the province of Arabia Petraea. After a period of relative peace within the Empire, he launched his final campaign in 113 against Parthia, advancing as far as the city of Susa in 116, and expanding the Roman Empire to its greatest extent. During this campaign Trajan was struck by illness, and late in 117, while sailing back to Rome, he died of a stroke on August 9, in the city of Selinus. He was deified by the Senate and his ashes were laid to rest under Trajan's Column. He was succeeded by his adopted son (not having a biological heir) Publius Aelius Hadrianus—commonly known as Hadrian.
As an emperor, Trajan's reputation has endured - he is one of the few rulers whose reputation has survived the scrutiny of nineteen centuries of history. Every new emperor after him was honoured by the Senate with the prayer felicior Augusto, melior Traiano, meaning "may he be luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan". Among medieval Christian theologians, Trajan was considered a virtuous pagan, while the 18th century historian Edward Gibbon popularized the notion of the Five Good Emperors, of which Trajan was the second.
Early life and rise to power
Trajan was born on September 18, 53 in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), a province that was thoroughly Romanized and called southern Hispania, in the city of Italica, where the Italian families were paramount. Of Italian stock himself, Trajan is frequently but misleadingly designated the first provincial emperor.
Trajan was the son of Marcia and Marcus Ulpius Traianus, a prominent senator and general from the famous gens Ulpia. Trajan himself was just one of many well-known Ulpii in a line that continued long after his own death. His elder sister was Ulpia Marciana and his niece was Salonina Matidia. The patria of the Ulpii was Italica, in Spanish Baetica, where their ancestors had settled late in the third century B.C. This indicates that the Italian origin was paramount, yet it has recently been cogently argued that the family's ancestry was local, with Trajan senior actually a Traius who was adopted into the family of the Ulpii.
As a young man, he rose through the ranks of the Roman army, serving in some of the most contentious parts of the Empire's frontier. In 76–77, Trajan's father was Governor of Syria (Legatus pro praetore Syriae), where Trajan himself remained as Tribunus legionis. Trajan was nominated as Consul and brought Apollodorus of Damascus with him to Rome around 91. Along the Rhine River, he took part in the Emperor Domitian's wars while under Domitian's successor, Nerva, who was unpopular with the army and needed to do something to gain their support. He accomplished this by naming Trajan as his adoptive son and successor in the summer of 97. According to the Augustan History, it was the future Emperor Hadrian who brought word to Trajan of his adoption. When Nerva died on January 27, 98, the highly respected Trajan succeeded without incident.
https://wn.com/Trajan_Roman_Emperor_98_117_A.D._Biography_History_Ancient_Roman_Coins_For_Sale_From_Best_Coin_Dealer
http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/trajan-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan (18 September, 53 – 8 August, 117), was a Roman Emperor who reigned from AD 98 until his death in AD 117. Born Marcus Ulpius Traianus into a non-patrician family in the Hispania Baetica province (modern day Spain), Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian, serving as a general in the Roman army along the German frontier, and successfully crushing the revolt of Antonius Saturninus in 89. On September 18, 96, Domitian was succeeded by Marcus Cocceius Nerva, an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army. After a brief and tumultuous year in power, a revolt by members of the Praetorian Guard compelled him to adopt the more popular Trajan as his heir and successor. Nerva died on January 27, 98, and was succeeded by his adopted son without incident.
As a civilian administrator, Trajan is best known for his extensive public building program, which reshaped the city of Rome and left multiple enduring landmarks such as Trajan's Forum, Trajan's Market and Trajan's Column. It was as a military commander however that Trajan celebrated his greatest triumphs. In 101, he launched a punitive expedition into the kingdom of Dacia against king Decebalus, defeating the Dacian army near Tapae in 102, and finally conquering Dacia completely in 106. In 107, Trajan pushed further east and annexed the Nabataean kingdom, establishing the province of Arabia Petraea. After a period of relative peace within the Empire, he launched his final campaign in 113 against Parthia, advancing as far as the city of Susa in 116, and expanding the Roman Empire to its greatest extent. During this campaign Trajan was struck by illness, and late in 117, while sailing back to Rome, he died of a stroke on August 9, in the city of Selinus. He was deified by the Senate and his ashes were laid to rest under Trajan's Column. He was succeeded by his adopted son (not having a biological heir) Publius Aelius Hadrianus—commonly known as Hadrian.
As an emperor, Trajan's reputation has endured - he is one of the few rulers whose reputation has survived the scrutiny of nineteen centuries of history. Every new emperor after him was honoured by the Senate with the prayer felicior Augusto, melior Traiano, meaning "may he be luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan". Among medieval Christian theologians, Trajan was considered a virtuous pagan, while the 18th century historian Edward Gibbon popularized the notion of the Five Good Emperors, of which Trajan was the second.
Early life and rise to power
Trajan was born on September 18, 53 in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), a province that was thoroughly Romanized and called southern Hispania, in the city of Italica, where the Italian families were paramount. Of Italian stock himself, Trajan is frequently but misleadingly designated the first provincial emperor.
Trajan was the son of Marcia and Marcus Ulpius Traianus, a prominent senator and general from the famous gens Ulpia. Trajan himself was just one of many well-known Ulpii in a line that continued long after his own death. His elder sister was Ulpia Marciana and his niece was Salonina Matidia. The patria of the Ulpii was Italica, in Spanish Baetica, where their ancestors had settled late in the third century B.C. This indicates that the Italian origin was paramount, yet it has recently been cogently argued that the family's ancestry was local, with Trajan senior actually a Traius who was adopted into the family of the Ulpii.
As a young man, he rose through the ranks of the Roman army, serving in some of the most contentious parts of the Empire's frontier. In 76–77, Trajan's father was Governor of Syria (Legatus pro praetore Syriae), where Trajan himself remained as Tribunus legionis. Trajan was nominated as Consul and brought Apollodorus of Damascus with him to Rome around 91. Along the Rhine River, he took part in the Emperor Domitian's wars while under Domitian's successor, Nerva, who was unpopular with the army and needed to do something to gain their support. He accomplished this by naming Trajan as his adoptive son and successor in the summer of 97. According to the Augustan History, it was the future Emperor Hadrian who brought word to Trajan of his adoption. When Nerva died on January 27, 98, the highly respected Trajan succeeded without incident.
- published: 04 Jul 2013
- views: 19
Jesus the True Light of Christmas
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- Duration: 38:50
- Updated: 26 Mar 2014
- views: 4074
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their projec...
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their project was completed, time off was prohibited.
One of the guys suddenly lifted his head. "I know how to get some time off work" the man whispered.
"How?" asked the second worker.
Instead of answering, the man quickly looked around. No sign of his Boss. He jumped up on his desk, kicked out a couple of ceiling tiles and hoisted himself up. "Look!" he hissed, then swinging his legs over a metal pipe, hung upside down.
Within seconds, the Boss emerged from his office at the far end of the floor. He saw the worker hanging from the ceiling, and asked him what on earth he thought he was doing.
"I'm a light bulb" answered the public servant.
"I think you need some time off," barked the Boss. "Get out of here - that's an order - and I don't want to see you back here for two days! You understand me?"
"Yes sir", the public servant answered meekly, then jumped down, logged off his computer and left.
The second worker was hot on his heels.
"Where do you think you're going?" the boss asked.
"Home," he said lightly. "I can't work in the dark."
Christmas time is all about the lights! Most of us take time to drive around and see the pretty lights. Most of us put up a tree decorated with pretty lights. We may even put them up on our house. Some of us leave them up all year.
The next few weeks we will be looking at the Light of Jesus Christ. As such, I was trying to find out if there was such a thing a "pure light". The more I researched, the more my brain was fried.
First of all, to know what 'light' is, you have to study the following:
• Particle theory
• Wave Theory
• Electromagnetic theory
• Quantum theory
• Wave–particle duality
• Quantum electrodynamics
Plus, there is light we can see and there is light we cannot see with the naked eye. Imagine a light which you can not see.
Now if there is any thing such as pure light, it is achieved by a process called: "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation". We hear the abbreviation: LASER.
But even with LASERS light is not always pure, and there are different methods of light amplification. This requires the study of:
• Continuous wave operation
• Pulsed operation
• Q-switching
• Mode-locking
• Pulsed pumping
My mind grew numb reading about light, and I never could get a grasp on if there is such a thing as naturally occuring "pure light".
I did discover something known as "Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helioophthalmic Outburst Syndrome" People with ACHOO syndrome start sneezing when suddenly exposed to bright light, (usually mutliple times) consecutively. The condition affects 18-35% of the human population.(Wikipedia)
I DID FIND OUT WHAT "TRUE LIGHT" IS:
JOHN 1:6-9 There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. 7 He came as a witness, to bear witness about the light, that all might believe through him. 8 He was not the light, but came to bear witness about the light. 9 The true light, which enlightens everyone, was coming into the world
John the Baptist was called to prepare the way for the true light.
WHAT IS "TRUE LIGHT"?
True used here, means real, genuine, not fake, not artificial.
True, conformed to truth (John 4:37; 19:35). In the sense of real, unfeigned, not fictitious (John 17:3, meaning the only true God, not feigned like idols; 1 Thess. 1:9; 1 John 5:20; Rev. 3:7; Sept.: 2 Chr. 15:3; Isa. 65:16). Spoken of what is true in itself, genuine, real, as opposed to that which is false, (pseudés )
Now this "true Light" is also called "great light in Isa 9:2:
ISAIAH 9:2 “The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; on those living in the land of the shadow of death a light has dawned.”
Now if Jesus is the True Light and the Great Light, then that means there is a fake light, or an artificial light, or a light which is lesser in its power and effect.
What makes Jesus Christ the True Light. And here the Bible defines what makes True Light, Pure Light, Great Light. Look to the beginning verses of John:
JOHN 1:1-5 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made. 4 In him was life, and the life was the light of men. 5 The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.
Verse 4&5 tells us what makes light true and great-it produces life in mankind, and the darkness does not overcome it.
I. The Character of the True Light
A.THE TRUE LIGHT IS LIFE.
Normal living things need light to grow. With very rare exceptions do things grow in absolute darkness. Most of us know about "photosynthesis." The word ‘photo’ means ‘light,’ and the word synthesis means ‘to put together.’ Green plants produce food by putting chemicals together with light.
It is light that causes plants to p
https://wn.com/Jesus_The_True_Light_Of_Christmas
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their project was completed, time off was prohibited.
One of the guys suddenly lifted his head. "I know how to get some time off work" the man whispered.
"How?" asked the second worker.
Instead of answering, the man quickly looked around. No sign of his Boss. He jumped up on his desk, kicked out a couple of ceiling tiles and hoisted himself up. "Look!" he hissed, then swinging his legs over a metal pipe, hung upside down.
Within seconds, the Boss emerged from his office at the far end of the floor. He saw the worker hanging from the ceiling, and asked him what on earth he thought he was doing.
"I'm a light bulb" answered the public servant.
"I think you need some time off," barked the Boss. "Get out of here - that's an order - and I don't want to see you back here for two days! You understand me?"
"Yes sir", the public servant answered meekly, then jumped down, logged off his computer and left.
The second worker was hot on his heels.
"Where do you think you're going?" the boss asked.
"Home," he said lightly. "I can't work in the dark."
Christmas time is all about the lights! Most of us take time to drive around and see the pretty lights. Most of us put up a tree decorated with pretty lights. We may even put them up on our house. Some of us leave them up all year.
The next few weeks we will be looking at the Light of Jesus Christ. As such, I was trying to find out if there was such a thing a "pure light". The more I researched, the more my brain was fried.
First of all, to know what 'light' is, you have to study the following:
• Particle theory
• Wave Theory
• Electromagnetic theory
• Quantum theory
• Wave–particle duality
• Quantum electrodynamics
Plus, there is light we can see and there is light we cannot see with the naked eye. Imagine a light which you can not see.
Now if there is any thing such as pure light, it is achieved by a process called: "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation". We hear the abbreviation: LASER.
But even with LASERS light is not always pure, and there are different methods of light amplification. This requires the study of:
• Continuous wave operation
• Pulsed operation
• Q-switching
• Mode-locking
• Pulsed pumping
My mind grew numb reading about light, and I never could get a grasp on if there is such a thing as naturally occuring "pure light".
I did discover something known as "Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helioophthalmic Outburst Syndrome" People with ACHOO syndrome start sneezing when suddenly exposed to bright light, (usually mutliple times) consecutively. The condition affects 18-35% of the human population.(Wikipedia)
I DID FIND OUT WHAT "TRUE LIGHT" IS:
JOHN 1:6-9 There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. 7 He came as a witness, to bear witness about the light, that all might believe through him. 8 He was not the light, but came to bear witness about the light. 9 The true light, which enlightens everyone, was coming into the world
John the Baptist was called to prepare the way for the true light.
WHAT IS "TRUE LIGHT"?
True used here, means real, genuine, not fake, not artificial.
True, conformed to truth (John 4:37; 19:35). In the sense of real, unfeigned, not fictitious (John 17:3, meaning the only true God, not feigned like idols; 1 Thess. 1:9; 1 John 5:20; Rev. 3:7; Sept.: 2 Chr. 15:3; Isa. 65:16). Spoken of what is true in itself, genuine, real, as opposed to that which is false, (pseudés )
Now this "true Light" is also called "great light in Isa 9:2:
ISAIAH 9:2 “The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; on those living in the land of the shadow of death a light has dawned.”
Now if Jesus is the True Light and the Great Light, then that means there is a fake light, or an artificial light, or a light which is lesser in its power and effect.
What makes Jesus Christ the True Light. And here the Bible defines what makes True Light, Pure Light, Great Light. Look to the beginning verses of John:
JOHN 1:1-5 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made. 4 In him was life, and the life was the light of men. 5 The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.
Verse 4&5 tells us what makes light true and great-it produces life in mankind, and the darkness does not overcome it.
I. The Character of the True Light
A.THE TRUE LIGHT IS LIFE.
Normal living things need light to grow. With very rare exceptions do things grow in absolute darkness. Most of us know about "photosynthesis." The word ‘photo’ means ‘light,’ and the word synthesis means ‘to put together.’ Green plants produce food by putting chemicals together with light.
It is light that causes plants to p
- published: 06 Dec 2010
- views: 4074
-
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel. Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan. Belisarius by Ian Hughes De Re Militari by Vegetius..
published: 01 Oct 2016 -
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine. In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps. Documentary Sources: The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing Game Engine: Total War: Rome II Game Mods: Eras of Rome: Res Publica
published: 31 Jan 2016 -
roman army murton 400
published: 29 Jun 2011 -
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
published: 06 Jun 2012 -
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well. Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period. Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info. Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.
published: 27 Feb 2015 -
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours. I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast): http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category
published: 12 Apr 2015 -
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army
published: 06 Apr 2016 -
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210) The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general. 00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction 05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe 18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Ar...
published: 05 Apr 2012 -
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures. Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/ Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers, You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk
published: 15 Jan 2016 -
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom. You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content. In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the r...
published: 13 Apr 2012 -
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
TEAM Sergius - Igor Urzelai Bacchus - Moreno Solinas Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso Choreography - Lola Maury Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment. This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early C...
published: 07 Jul 2011 -
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda. In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school. Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history. How did they do it? Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe. Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction. The Vandals. But Vandal didn't always this connotation. Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/ It was fear of the Huns that launche...
published: 04 Jun 2010 -
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Politically Incorrect Press presents: The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear (FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN "Declaration of War on the US by Adolf Hitler" "Deputies, Men of the German Reichstag! A year of events of historical significance is drawing to an end. A year of great decisions lies ahead. In these serious times, I speak to you, deputies of the German Reichstag, as the representatives of the German nation. Beyond and above that, the whole German people should take note of this glance into the past, as well as of the coming decisions the present and future impose upon us. After the renewed refusal of my peace offer in January 1940 by the then British Prime Minister and the clique which supported or dominated him, it became clear that this war - against all reasons o...
published: 28 Dec 2011 -
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné Director de Arte: Albert Just Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork Una de las compensaciones que tiene esta profesión tan hermosa es encontrarnos por el camino con personas como Peter Allwork. Peter Allwork Tribute Cameraman, Chairman and pioneer of Aerial Cinematography PETER ALLWORK, who died on Friday July 30 2004 aged 76. A highly renowned aerial cameraman was the founder of Aerial Camera Systems Ltd (ACS), one of the world’s leading suppliers of specialised facilities in broadcast television and feature film production. During his distinguished career spanning over sixty years, including some sixty plus feature films and some of the finest commercials, Peter has worked with some of the world’s greatest directors, Alfred...
published: 05 Mar 2009 -
Ex Deo - "I, Caligvla"
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio. Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla. Calgvla's Sisters Surtsey Castano Julia Agrippina, most commonly referred to as Agrippina Minor or Agrippina the Younger, and after 50 known as Julia Augusta Agrippina (Minor Latin for the ‘younger’, Classical Latin: IVLIA•AGRIPPINA; IVLIA•AVGVSTA•AGRIPPINA,[1] 7 November 15 or 6 November 16[2] – 19/23 March 59) was a Roman Empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and fourth wife of the Emperor Claudius, and mother of the Emperor Nero. Agrippina t...
published: 30 Jun 2012 -
Javier Souto & Jose Regalado - Bay of Pigs - Veteran Interviews
Javier Souto Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle High School in Havana, graduating in 1956. After that he attended Villanova University in Havana and the University of Havana. In the U.S.A. he attended Miami-Dade College and the University of Miami where he graduated from the School of Business in 1967. Souto is a veteran of the Bay of Pigs Invasion (a founding member, #2504) where he was active in the infiltration teams. He served for several years, after the Bay of Pigs, with the CIA sponsored Special Missions Groups. Commissioner Souto was elected to the Florida House of Representatives in November 1984. Javier D. Souto was the first elected Miami-Dade County Commissioner represe...
published: 18 Aug 2011 -
Avitus Western Roman Emperor 455-456 A.D. History and Ancient Coins
http://www.TrustedCoins.com Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. A Gallic-Roman aristocrat, he was a senator and a high-ranking officer both in the civil and military administration, as well as Bishop of Piacenza. A representative of the Gallic-Roman aristocracy, he opposed the reduction of the Western Roman Empire to Italy alone, both politically and from the administrative point of view. For this reason, as Emperor he introduced several Gallic senators in the imperial administration; this policy, however, was opposed by both the senatorial aristocracy and by the people of Rome, which had suffered because of the Vandalic sack of the city in 455. Avitus had a good relationship with the Visigoths...
published: 16 Jun 2013 -
Theodosius I - Roman Emperor 379-395 A.D. Biography Ancient Roman Coins to Buy Certified and Guaranteed Authentic
Click link to buy authentic ancient Roman coins of Theodosius I: http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/theodosiusi-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php Flavius Theodosius ( 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great (Greek: Θεοδόσιος Α΄ and Θεοδόσιος ο Μέγας), was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern and Western Roman Empire. After his death, the two parts split permanently. He is also known for making Nicene Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire. Career Theodosius was born in Cauca, in Hispania (modern day Coca, Spain) or, more probably, in or near Italica (Seville)[2], to a senior militar...
published: 04 Jul 2013 -
Trajan - Roman Emperor 98-117 A.D. Biography History Ancient Roman Coins for Sale from Best Coin Dealer
http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/trajan-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan (18 September, 53 – 8 August, 117), was a Roman Emperor who reigned from AD 98 until his death in AD 117. Born Marcus Ulpius Traianus into a non-patrician family in the Hispania Baetica province (modern day Spain), Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian, serving as a general in the Roman army along the German frontier, and successfully crushing the revolt of Antonius Saturninus in 89. On September 18, 96, Domitian was succeeded by Marcus Cocceius Nerva, an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army. After a brief and tumultuous year in power, a revolt by members of the Praet...
published: 04 Jul 2013 -
Jesus the True Light of Christmas
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their project was completed, time off was prohibited. One of the guys suddenly lifted his head. "I know how to get some time off work" the man whispered. "How?" asked the second worker. Instead of answering, the man quickly looked around. No sign of his Boss. He jumped up on his desk, kicked out a couple of ceiling tiles and hoisted himself up. "Look!" he hissed, then swinging his legs over a metal pipe, hung upside down. Within seconds, the Boss emerged from his office at the far end of the floor. He saw the worker hanging from the ceiling, and asked him what on earth he thought he was doing. "I'm a light bulb" answered the public servant. "I...
published: 06 Dec 2010
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:14
- Updated: 01 Oct 2016
- views: 1150
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to...
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan.
Belisarius by Ian Hughes
De Re Militari by Vegetius..
https://wn.com/How_Effective_Was_The_Late_Roman_Army
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late Roman Infantryman and Late Roman Cavalryman by Simon Macdowall, and to a lesser extent Roman Legionary (69-161) by Ross Cowan.
Belisarius by Ian Hughes
De Re Militari by Vegetius..
- published: 01 Oct 2016
- views: 1150
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:33
- Updated: 31 Jan 2016
- views: 351707
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will...
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps.
Documentary Sources:
The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley
Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker
Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon
In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing
Game Engine:
Total War: Rome II
Game Mods:
Eras of Rome: Res Publica
https://wn.com/Evolution_Of_The_Roman_Legions_Part_1_Kingdom_(8_7Th_Century_Bc)
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin with the very founding of the city and the rule of kings. Here we will witness the birth of the legions and witness as they take their very first steps.
Documentary Sources:
The Complete Roman Army by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Uniforms of the Roman World by Kevin Kiley
Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire by Simon Baker
Soldiers and Ghosts by J. E. Lendon
In the Name of Rome by Adrian Goldsworthy
The Roman Army by Osprey Publishing
Game Engine:
Total War: Rome II
Game Mods:
Eras of Rome: Res Publica
- published: 31 Jan 2016
- views: 351707
roman army murton 400
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:22
- Updated: 29 Jun 2011
- views: 4759
- published: 29 Jun 2011
- views: 4759
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:09
- Updated: 06 Jun 2012
- views: 9284
- published: 06 Jun 2012
- views: 9284
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:29
- Updated: 27 Feb 2015
- views: 8175
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well.
Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this ...
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well.
Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period.
Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info.
Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.
https://wn.com/Total_War_Attila_Eastern_Roman_Empire_History_Ep._4_(Roman_Soldiers_Armies)
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, and in history as well.
Historical Discussion: Roman armies of this period.
Links and notes on sources mentioned in the video and throughout the series can be found in the playlist info.
Total War: Attila is a game by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.
- published: 27 Feb 2015
- views: 8175
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 39:46
- Updated: 12 Apr 2015
- views: 7120
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry...
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours.
I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast):
http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk
Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw
Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here:
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category
https://wn.com/Barbarians_At_The_Gates_Painting_A_Late_Roman_Soldier
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Late Roman soldier. Special attention is paid to shield designs, weaponry and natural looking fabric colours.
I am not sure of the maker of this figure, though I suspect it is from Musketeer/Footsore miniatures (or else Gripping Beast):
http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk
Here are a few other Romans of other periods that I have painted:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhds2ZK4CFI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J59AINIGNRw
Finally, if you are interested in backing our Kickstarter to begin a general ancient history magazine, you can find out more here:
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1131885065/help-us-get-ancient-history-magazine-off-the-groun?ref=category
- published: 12 Apr 2015
- views: 7120
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Updated: 06 Apr 2016
- views: 438
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army
- published: 06 Apr 2016
- views: 438
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:22
- Updated: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 112227
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survive...
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction
05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe
18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Army and the Visigoths
28:25 - Chapter 4. Another Kind of Barbarian: The Huns
34:19 - Chapter 5. Accomodation
38:55 - Chapter 6. Decline
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
https://wn.com/06._Transformation_Of_The_Roman_Empire
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a political entity in the fifth century although the Eastern part survived the crisis.. Professor Freedman considers this transformation through three main questions: Why did the West fall apart -- because of the external pressure of invasions or the internal problems of institutional decline? Who were these invading barbarians? Finally, does this transformation mark a gradual shift or is it right to regard it as a cataclysmic end of civilization? Professor Freedman, as a moderate catastrophist, argues that this period marked the end of a particular civilization rather than the end of civilization in general.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction
05:43 - Chapter 2. Catastrophe
18:43 - Chapter 3. The Roman Army and the Visigoths
28:25 - Chapter 4. Another Kind of Barbarian: The Huns
34:19 - Chapter 5. Accomodation
38:55 - Chapter 6. Decline
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
- published: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 112227
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:30
- Updated: 15 Jan 2016
- views: 906
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/
Join us on http://www.mywargamingl...
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/
Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers,
You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk
https://wn.com/Late_Roman_Legionaries_(Footsore_Miniatures)
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore at http://footsoreminiatures.co.uk/
Join us on http://www.mywargaminglife.com .. a community for wargamers by wargamers,
You can always nip over to my blog at: http://www.ringo-simpkins.co.uk
- published: 15 Jan 2016
- views: 906
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:44
- Updated: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 3899648
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for...
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom.
You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content.
In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the rest of the Byzantine emperors were up to over there, and how the Roman Empire dragged out its famous Decline well into medieval times. In addition to all this, you'll learn about ancient sports riots and hipster barbarians, too.
Follow us!
@thecrashcourse
@realjohngreen
@raoulmeyer
@crashcoursestan
@saysdanica
@thoughtbubbler
Like us! http://www.facebook.com/youtubecrashcourse
Follow us again! http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com
Support CrashCourse on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse
https://wn.com/Fall_Of_The_Roman_Empire...In_The_15Th_Century_Crash_Course_World_History_12
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-world-history-the-complete-series-dvd-set to buy a set for your home or classroom.
You can directly support Crash Course at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content.
In which John Green teaches you about the fall of the Roman Empire, which happened considerably later than you may have been told. While the Western Roman Empire fell to barbarians in 476 CE, the Byzantines in Constantinople continued the Eastern Empire nicely, calling themselves Romans for a further 1000 years. Find out what Justinian and the rest of the Byzantine emperors were up to over there, and how the Roman Empire dragged out its famous Decline well into medieval times. In addition to all this, you'll learn about ancient sports riots and hipster barbarians, too.
Follow us!
@thecrashcourse
@realjohngreen
@raoulmeyer
@crashcoursestan
@saysdanica
@thoughtbubbler
Like us! http://www.facebook.com/youtubecrashcourse
Follow us again! http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com
Support CrashCourse on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse
- published: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 3899648
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 25:58
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 3147
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Choreography - Lola Maury
Concept and D...
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Choreography - Lola Maury
Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment.
This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early Christianity.
With an original vocal score devised collaboratively by the company and choreography by Lola Maury, the piece premiered at the Arcola Theatre in July 2009 and was subsequently presented as part of the Borderline Opera season at London Metropolitan University, in a double bill with MEDOUSA - a miniature opera.
Supported by The Facility: Performance as Research and the HALE Department at London Metropolitan University.
https://wn.com/The_Passion_Of_Saints_Sergius_And_Bacchus
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Holly Rose, Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Choreography - Lola Maury
Concept and Direction - Jacek Ludwig Scarso
Elastic Theatre re-imagines the legend of two little known saints of the late Roman Empire, their intimate relationship explored in a tale of torture and enlightenment.
This dance-theatre piece is inspired by the story of Saints Sergius and Bacchus, two high ranking officers in the third century Roman army, refusing to enter a pagan temple and subsequently being exiled, made to dress up in women’s clothing, tortured and killed. Some have come to believe that they were lovers, and their ambiguous relationship has raised fascinating and inevitably controversial issues of gender and sexuality in early Christianity.
With an original vocal score devised collaboratively by the company and choreography by Lola Maury, the piece premiered at the Arcola Theatre in July 2009 and was subsequently presented as part of the Borderline Opera season at London Metropolitan University, in a double bill with MEDOUSA - a miniature opera.
Supported by The Facility: Performance as Research and the HALE Department at London Metropolitan University.
- published: 07 Jul 2011
- views: 3147
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 23:04
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 2923
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda.
In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman...
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda.
In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school.
Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history.
How did they do it?
Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe.
Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction.
The Vandals.
But Vandal didn't always this connotation.
Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/
It was fear of the Huns that launched their great migration in midwinter 406.
Tens of thousands of them crossed the frozen Rhine into Gaul.
They were not a warlike people and once they were over the river a third of them would be slaughtered by the local inhabitants.
Their king was killed but his baby son survived.
Geiseric would spend his childhood as a refugee in this wandering band of desperate people.
As tens of thousands of them moved through Gaul looking for somewhere to settle, the sheer numbers provoked violence.
So much violence that it was said that the whole of Gaul became a funeral pyre.
They were attacked by Romans, then Visigoths, then Romans and Visigoths together.
Eventually the Vandals ended up in southern Spain, in Andalusia, which is possibly named after them.
Vandalusia.
By 428, Geiseric was the undisputed leader.
He seems to have been a formidable man.
For example, when a certain princess committed adultery, he had her ears and nose cut off.
I don't think I'd have liked him particularly.
I don't think the Romans did either.
The reason was nothing to do with his alleged savagery but with his religion.
You see Geiseric was a Christian.
But wait a minute, you said the Romans were Christians and that's true.
But Geiseric's problem was that he was the wrong sort of Christian.
In fact, his sort of Christianity was considered worse than paganism by Rome.
It was so evil that the Empire had expressed outlawed it as a criminal heresy.
The version of Christianity adopted by Geiseric and his people was not Catholicism, it was Arianism.
Now the Arians believed that since Jesus is the son of God he must somehow be subordinate to God the father whereas the Catholics said they were both equal in status.
Now this may seem like a very minor point of divergence but it became a bitter conflict.
Catholicism said that Jesus was identical with God - that rubbed off on the Emperor ... Jesus - Emperor ... Emperor - Jesus.
Just like that.
Both represented God on Earth.
Both - according to the Romans - were infallible.
Peter Heller explained - that in Roman hands - the new faith became more than a path to righteousness.
"The Roman state make this claim about itself that it is put in place here by the Divinity.
"The Emperor is God's right-hand man on earth.
"Now if you buy into the Emperor's version of Christianity then you should be subservient to him that's what that ideology tells you.
So for going for a Christian ideology but not the State-sponsored one you are making a clear statement that you are an alternative power-structure and that you are not completely subordinate to the Imperial Power."
Geiseric certainly did not want to be subordinate to Imperial Power.
After a lifetime of being hunted and persecuted he hated Rome and since Catholicism was now identified with the Empire he hated that too.
Even here in Spain, the Empire would not let him settle.
Spain didn't suit Guiseric one bit.
For starters his people were constantly being attacked and secondly he wasn't recognised by Rome.
He must have looked longingly across the straits to northern Africa.
Perhaps beyond the sea he and his people could find a part of the Roman Empire where they could settle.
Rome thought of the Mediterranean as its own property - they called it "Our Sea" (Mare Nostrum) and it was illegal even to teach a barbarian how to sail.
But Guiseric had a vision of himself as the new Moses, leading his people away from the Pharaoh in Rome.
He couldn't part the sea but he would embark on a huge project building hundreds of boats to transport an entire nation.
In the summer of 429 they crossed the Straits of Gibraltar to North Africa.
80,000 people packed on a flotilla of small boats.
Their crossing was so unexpected that it was virtually unopposed.
Which is odd because North Africa was the last place that Rome wanted to be over-run by barbarians.
Why? Because North Africa was fertile and it was very rich; the most Romanised province in the West outside Italy.
Rome had been unopposed in this part of the world for more than 500 years.
This is just one of the many magnificent cities that flourished here in Roman North Africa.
Then it was ca
https://wn.com/Vandalusia_And_The_Vandals_Of_North_Africa
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propaganda.
In fact, we so completely bought into admiration for the Roman Empire and a contempt for the barbarians that 2000 years after Rome's collapse was still being peddled their version of the past at school.
Somehow - from beyond the grave - Rome managed to pull off the most audacious con-trick in history.
How did they do it?
Well the answer's tied up in the Sack of Rome and the end of the Roman Empire in Europe.
Rome wasn't finished yet; that would be the job of the barbarians whose name has gone down in history as a by-word for wanton destruction.
The Vandals.
But Vandal didn't always this connotation.
Vandal or "Wandali" originally meant "wanderers"/
It was fear of the Huns that launched their great migration in midwinter 406.
Tens of thousands of them crossed the frozen Rhine into Gaul.
They were not a warlike people and once they were over the river a third of them would be slaughtered by the local inhabitants.
Their king was killed but his baby son survived.
Geiseric would spend his childhood as a refugee in this wandering band of desperate people.
As tens of thousands of them moved through Gaul looking for somewhere to settle, the sheer numbers provoked violence.
So much violence that it was said that the whole of Gaul became a funeral pyre.
They were attacked by Romans, then Visigoths, then Romans and Visigoths together.
Eventually the Vandals ended up in southern Spain, in Andalusia, which is possibly named after them.
Vandalusia.
By 428, Geiseric was the undisputed leader.
He seems to have been a formidable man.
For example, when a certain princess committed adultery, he had her ears and nose cut off.
I don't think I'd have liked him particularly.
I don't think the Romans did either.
The reason was nothing to do with his alleged savagery but with his religion.
You see Geiseric was a Christian.
But wait a minute, you said the Romans were Christians and that's true.
But Geiseric's problem was that he was the wrong sort of Christian.
In fact, his sort of Christianity was considered worse than paganism by Rome.
It was so evil that the Empire had expressed outlawed it as a criminal heresy.
The version of Christianity adopted by Geiseric and his people was not Catholicism, it was Arianism.
Now the Arians believed that since Jesus is the son of God he must somehow be subordinate to God the father whereas the Catholics said they were both equal in status.
Now this may seem like a very minor point of divergence but it became a bitter conflict.
Catholicism said that Jesus was identical with God - that rubbed off on the Emperor ... Jesus - Emperor ... Emperor - Jesus.
Just like that.
Both represented God on Earth.
Both - according to the Romans - were infallible.
Peter Heller explained - that in Roman hands - the new faith became more than a path to righteousness.
"The Roman state make this claim about itself that it is put in place here by the Divinity.
"The Emperor is God's right-hand man on earth.
"Now if you buy into the Emperor's version of Christianity then you should be subservient to him that's what that ideology tells you.
So for going for a Christian ideology but not the State-sponsored one you are making a clear statement that you are an alternative power-structure and that you are not completely subordinate to the Imperial Power."
Geiseric certainly did not want to be subordinate to Imperial Power.
After a lifetime of being hunted and persecuted he hated Rome and since Catholicism was now identified with the Empire he hated that too.
Even here in Spain, the Empire would not let him settle.
Spain didn't suit Guiseric one bit.
For starters his people were constantly being attacked and secondly he wasn't recognised by Rome.
He must have looked longingly across the straits to northern Africa.
Perhaps beyond the sea he and his people could find a part of the Roman Empire where they could settle.
Rome thought of the Mediterranean as its own property - they called it "Our Sea" (Mare Nostrum) and it was illegal even to teach a barbarian how to sail.
But Guiseric had a vision of himself as the new Moses, leading his people away from the Pharaoh in Rome.
He couldn't part the sea but he would embark on a huge project building hundreds of boats to transport an entire nation.
In the summer of 429 they crossed the Straits of Gibraltar to North Africa.
80,000 people packed on a flotilla of small boats.
Their crossing was so unexpected that it was virtually unopposed.
Which is odd because North Africa was the last place that Rome wanted to be over-run by barbarians.
Why? Because North Africa was fertile and it was very rich; the most Romanised province in the West outside Italy.
Rome had been unopposed in this part of the world for more than 500 years.
This is just one of the many magnificent cities that flourished here in Roman North Africa.
Then it was ca
- published: 04 Jun 2010
- views: 2923
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:54
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 3167
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN
"Declaration of War on the US by Adol...
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN
"Declaration of War on the US by Adolf Hitler"
"Deputies, Men of the German Reichstag! A year of events of historical significance is drawing to an end. A year of great decisions lies ahead. In these serious times, I speak to you, deputies of the German Reichstag, as the representatives of the German nation. Beyond and above that, the whole German people should take note of this glance into the past, as well as of the coming decisions the present and future impose upon us.
After the renewed refusal of my peace offer in January 1940 by the then British Prime Minister and the clique which supported or dominated him, it became clear that this war - against all reasons of common sense and necessity - must be fought to its end. You know me, my old Party companions; you know I have always been an enemy of half measures or weak decisions.
If the Providence has so willed that the German people cannot be spared this fight, then I can only be grateful that it entrusted me with the leadership in this historic struggle which, for the next 500 or 1,000 years, will be described as decisive, not only for the history of Germany, but for the whole of Europe and indeed the whole world.
The German people and their soldiers are working and fighting today, not only for the present, but also for the coming, nay the most distant, generations. The Creator has imposed a historical revision on a unique scale upon us.
Shortly after the end of the campaign in Norway, the German Command was forced, first of all, to ensure the military security of the conquered areas. Since then the defences of the conquered countries have changed considerably. From Kirkenes to the Spanish Frontier there is a belt of great bases and fortifications; many airfields have been built, naval bases with protection for submarines, which are practically invulnerable from sea or air.
More than 1,500 new batteries have been planned and constructed. A network of roads and railways was constructed so that today communications from the Spanish Frontier to Petsano are independent of the sea. These installations in no way fall behind those of the Western Wall, and work continues incessantly on strengthening them. I am irrevocably determined to make the European Front unassailable by any enemy.
This defensive work was supplemented by offensive warfare. German surface and underwater naval Forces carried on their constant war of attrition against the British Merchant Navy and the ships in its service. The German Air Force supported these attacks by reconnaissance, by damaging enemy shipping, by numerous retaliatory raids which have given the English a better idea of the ‘ ever so charming ’ war caused by their present Prime Minister.
In the middle of last year Germany was supported above all by Italy. For many months a great part of British power weighed heavily on the shoulders of Italy. Only because of their tremendous superiority in heavy tanks could the English create a temporary crisis in North Africa. On 24th March a small community of German-Italian units under Rommel's command began the counter-attack.
The German Africa Corps performed outstanding achievements though they were completely unaccustomed to the climate of this theatre of war. Just as once in Spain, now in North Africa Germans and Italians have taken up arms against the same enemy.
While with these bold measures the North African Front was again secured by the blood of German and Italian soldiers, the shadow of a terrible danger threatening Europe gathered overhead. Only in obedience of bitter necessity did I decide in my heart in 1939, to make the attempt, or at least, to create the prerequisites for a lasting peace in Europe by eliminating the causes of German-Russian tension.
This was psychologically difficult owing to the general attitude of the German people, and above all, of the party, towards Bolshevism. It was not difficult from a purely material point of view - because Germany was only intent on her economic interests in all the territories which England declared to be threatened by us and which she attacked with her promises of aid- for you will allow me to remind you that England, throughout the spring and late summer of 1939, offered its aid to numerous countries, declaring that it was our intention to invade those countries and thus deprive them of their liberty.
The German Reich and its Government were therefore able to affirm, with a clear conscience, that these allegations were false and had no bearing whatsoever on reality. Add to this the military realization that in the case of war, which British diplomacy was to force on the German people, a two front war would ensue and call for very great sacrifice.
When, on top of all this, the Baltic States and Rumania showed themselves prone to accept the British Pacts of assistance, and thus let it be seen
https://wn.com/Declaration_Of_War_On_The_US_By_Führer_Adolf_Hitler
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL VIDEO) created by THELINDGRENN
"Declaration of War on the US by Adolf Hitler"
"Deputies, Men of the German Reichstag! A year of events of historical significance is drawing to an end. A year of great decisions lies ahead. In these serious times, I speak to you, deputies of the German Reichstag, as the representatives of the German nation. Beyond and above that, the whole German people should take note of this glance into the past, as well as of the coming decisions the present and future impose upon us.
After the renewed refusal of my peace offer in January 1940 by the then British Prime Minister and the clique which supported or dominated him, it became clear that this war - against all reasons of common sense and necessity - must be fought to its end. You know me, my old Party companions; you know I have always been an enemy of half measures or weak decisions.
If the Providence has so willed that the German people cannot be spared this fight, then I can only be grateful that it entrusted me with the leadership in this historic struggle which, for the next 500 or 1,000 years, will be described as decisive, not only for the history of Germany, but for the whole of Europe and indeed the whole world.
The German people and their soldiers are working and fighting today, not only for the present, but also for the coming, nay the most distant, generations. The Creator has imposed a historical revision on a unique scale upon us.
Shortly after the end of the campaign in Norway, the German Command was forced, first of all, to ensure the military security of the conquered areas. Since then the defences of the conquered countries have changed considerably. From Kirkenes to the Spanish Frontier there is a belt of great bases and fortifications; many airfields have been built, naval bases with protection for submarines, which are practically invulnerable from sea or air.
More than 1,500 new batteries have been planned and constructed. A network of roads and railways was constructed so that today communications from the Spanish Frontier to Petsano are independent of the sea. These installations in no way fall behind those of the Western Wall, and work continues incessantly on strengthening them. I am irrevocably determined to make the European Front unassailable by any enemy.
This defensive work was supplemented by offensive warfare. German surface and underwater naval Forces carried on their constant war of attrition against the British Merchant Navy and the ships in its service. The German Air Force supported these attacks by reconnaissance, by damaging enemy shipping, by numerous retaliatory raids which have given the English a better idea of the ‘ ever so charming ’ war caused by their present Prime Minister.
In the middle of last year Germany was supported above all by Italy. For many months a great part of British power weighed heavily on the shoulders of Italy. Only because of their tremendous superiority in heavy tanks could the English create a temporary crisis in North Africa. On 24th March a small community of German-Italian units under Rommel's command began the counter-attack.
The German Africa Corps performed outstanding achievements though they were completely unaccustomed to the climate of this theatre of war. Just as once in Spain, now in North Africa Germans and Italians have taken up arms against the same enemy.
While with these bold measures the North African Front was again secured by the blood of German and Italian soldiers, the shadow of a terrible danger threatening Europe gathered overhead. Only in obedience of bitter necessity did I decide in my heart in 1939, to make the attempt, or at least, to create the prerequisites for a lasting peace in Europe by eliminating the causes of German-Russian tension.
This was psychologically difficult owing to the general attitude of the German people, and above all, of the party, towards Bolshevism. It was not difficult from a purely material point of view - because Germany was only intent on her economic interests in all the territories which England declared to be threatened by us and which she attacked with her promises of aid- for you will allow me to remind you that England, throughout the spring and late summer of 1939, offered its aid to numerous countries, declaring that it was our intention to invade those countries and thus deprive them of their liberty.
The German Reich and its Government were therefore able to affirm, with a clear conscience, that these allegations were false and had no bearing whatsoever on reality. Add to this the military realization that in the case of war, which British diplomacy was to force on the German people, a two front war would ensue and call for very great sacrifice.
When, on top of all this, the Baltic States and Rumania showed themselves prone to accept the British Pacts of assistance, and thus let it be seen
- published: 28 Dec 2011
- views: 3167
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:31
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 2838
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe
Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork
Una de las compensaciones que t...
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe
Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork
Una de las compensaciones que tiene esta profesión tan hermosa es encontrarnos por el camino con personas como Peter Allwork.
Peter Allwork Tribute
Cameraman, Chairman and pioneer of Aerial
Cinematography
PETER ALLWORK, who died on Friday July 30 2004 aged 76.
A highly renowned aerial cameraman was the founder of Aerial Camera Systems Ltd (ACS), one of the world’s leading suppliers of specialised facilities in broadcast television and feature film production.
During his distinguished career spanning over sixty years, including some sixty plus feature films and some of the finest commercials, Peter has worked with some of the world’s greatest directors, Alfred Hitchcock, Orson Welles, Steven Spielberg, Ridley Scott, Richard Attenborough, Sydney Pollack and Clint Eastwood to name but a few and was a pioneer of Aerial Cinematography.
Peter Leslie Allwork was born on December 26 1928 in Norwood Green near Uxbridge, the son of William and mother Josephine, Peter had five brother’s and one sister.
Peter began his career working for a year as an office boy at Denham Film Studios, before joining Leslie Howard’s Misbourne Productions also based at Denham. In his new position as a runner Peter fetched tea for director David Lean who was working on In Which We Serve and was given the opportunity to do the clapperboard for the first time. On Laurence Olivier's Henry V Peter first worked with the 3 Strip Technicolor camera, which meant having to load three films in at the same time instead of just one.
When promoted to the position of first assistant cameraman, focus puller, on The Way Ahead, Peter had his first introduction to flying with a flight in a Miles Master II trainer with the actor David Tomlinson. who was a Flight Lt. in the RAF at the time.
Whilst doing his National Service, Peter was a member of the 120th Field Regiment Royal Artillery and posted to Northumberland, however when his camera skills were discovered he was swiftly moved to Wembley to the AKS, the Army Kinematograph Service where he was in the company of the most eminent cameramen in the country, Freddie Young, Freddie Francis, John Willcox, and Norman Warwick etc.
Completing his National Service Peter flew to Canada to shoot aerial scenes and background shots over snow covered mountains for the film No Highway. After sleepless nights worrying that that camera was going to freeze up mid shot, Peter had well and truly caught the flying and filming bug and the results were magnificent! Peter married Frances Desbrow in 1958, having met her the previous year.
He then went on to work on a string of successful films with the Boulting Brothers and got his first camera operating break in the late sixties on the Boulting’s I'm Alright Jack, starring Peter Sellers. Josephine and Men and The Magic Christian followed, and it was when The Magic Christian was coming to an end that Peter Sellers arranged a meeting for Peter with a friend of his, Capt. Fred Barker, a meeting that was to shape Peter's future.
British Executive Aviation Services based at Kidlington Airport or B.E.A.S. Motion Picture and TV division as it came to be known, was the result of that meeting and it was at that this time that Peter also began using the Tyler Helicopter Camera Mounts, after meeting Nelson Tyler in Hollywood. B.E.A.S. first big assignment was the BBC series Bird's Eye View Of Great Britain, which Peter shot with pilot Peter Pekowski.
Feature films soon followed, Frenzy, Juggernaut and The Red Baron, notable for it's dramatic air to air combat, something of which Peter became a specialist earning himself a BAFTA award nomination for the magnificent aerial battle scenes in Aces High in 1976.
Following B.E.A.S., Peter formed Air Film Services at High Wycombe with Prince Andrew Von Preusen. Air Film Services quickly became second to none and in January 1979 producer John Dark asked Peter to film the aerial sequences for The Land That Time Forgot, but this time high over the mountains by Loch A'an in Scotland disaster struck with a tail rotor problem, causing the helicopter to crash into the frozen surface of the lake. Surviving the crash but missing for twelve hours and frozen to the core, Peter and the pilot Capt. John Poland were thankfully rescued by helicopter by the RAF.
Later that year, Peter was soon to take to the air again and it was also at this time that Peter decided it was time to go it alone in business and Peter Allwork Ltd, Aerial Camera Systems (ACS) based at Fairoaks Airport in Chobham Surrey was born. Out of Fairoaks Peter undertook the aerial filming for many major feature films including Superman, filming Superman’s exciting high speed flying sequences using a nose mount in a Lear Jet with pilot Clay Lacy, James .
Bond’s For Your Eye’s Only, Never Say Never Again, A View to a Kill and High Road
https://wn.com/Audi_Curvas_Tribute_To_Peter_Allwork
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina Lamothe
Aerial Cameraman: Peter Allwork
Una de las compensaciones que tiene esta profesión tan hermosa es encontrarnos por el camino con personas como Peter Allwork.
Peter Allwork Tribute
Cameraman, Chairman and pioneer of Aerial
Cinematography
PETER ALLWORK, who died on Friday July 30 2004 aged 76.
A highly renowned aerial cameraman was the founder of Aerial Camera Systems Ltd (ACS), one of the world’s leading suppliers of specialised facilities in broadcast television and feature film production.
During his distinguished career spanning over sixty years, including some sixty plus feature films and some of the finest commercials, Peter has worked with some of the world’s greatest directors, Alfred Hitchcock, Orson Welles, Steven Spielberg, Ridley Scott, Richard Attenborough, Sydney Pollack and Clint Eastwood to name but a few and was a pioneer of Aerial Cinematography.
Peter Leslie Allwork was born on December 26 1928 in Norwood Green near Uxbridge, the son of William and mother Josephine, Peter had five brother’s and one sister.
Peter began his career working for a year as an office boy at Denham Film Studios, before joining Leslie Howard’s Misbourne Productions also based at Denham. In his new position as a runner Peter fetched tea for director David Lean who was working on In Which We Serve and was given the opportunity to do the clapperboard for the first time. On Laurence Olivier's Henry V Peter first worked with the 3 Strip Technicolor camera, which meant having to load three films in at the same time instead of just one.
When promoted to the position of first assistant cameraman, focus puller, on The Way Ahead, Peter had his first introduction to flying with a flight in a Miles Master II trainer with the actor David Tomlinson. who was a Flight Lt. in the RAF at the time.
Whilst doing his National Service, Peter was a member of the 120th Field Regiment Royal Artillery and posted to Northumberland, however when his camera skills were discovered he was swiftly moved to Wembley to the AKS, the Army Kinematograph Service where he was in the company of the most eminent cameramen in the country, Freddie Young, Freddie Francis, John Willcox, and Norman Warwick etc.
Completing his National Service Peter flew to Canada to shoot aerial scenes and background shots over snow covered mountains for the film No Highway. After sleepless nights worrying that that camera was going to freeze up mid shot, Peter had well and truly caught the flying and filming bug and the results were magnificent! Peter married Frances Desbrow in 1958, having met her the previous year.
He then went on to work on a string of successful films with the Boulting Brothers and got his first camera operating break in the late sixties on the Boulting’s I'm Alright Jack, starring Peter Sellers. Josephine and Men and The Magic Christian followed, and it was when The Magic Christian was coming to an end that Peter Sellers arranged a meeting for Peter with a friend of his, Capt. Fred Barker, a meeting that was to shape Peter's future.
British Executive Aviation Services based at Kidlington Airport or B.E.A.S. Motion Picture and TV division as it came to be known, was the result of that meeting and it was at that this time that Peter also began using the Tyler Helicopter Camera Mounts, after meeting Nelson Tyler in Hollywood. B.E.A.S. first big assignment was the BBC series Bird's Eye View Of Great Britain, which Peter shot with pilot Peter Pekowski.
Feature films soon followed, Frenzy, Juggernaut and The Red Baron, notable for it's dramatic air to air combat, something of which Peter became a specialist earning himself a BAFTA award nomination for the magnificent aerial battle scenes in Aces High in 1976.
Following B.E.A.S., Peter formed Air Film Services at High Wycombe with Prince Andrew Von Preusen. Air Film Services quickly became second to none and in January 1979 producer John Dark asked Peter to film the aerial sequences for The Land That Time Forgot, but this time high over the mountains by Loch A'an in Scotland disaster struck with a tail rotor problem, causing the helicopter to crash into the frozen surface of the lake. Surviving the crash but missing for twelve hours and frozen to the core, Peter and the pilot Capt. John Poland were thankfully rescued by helicopter by the RAF.
Later that year, Peter was soon to take to the air again and it was also at this time that Peter decided it was time to go it alone in business and Peter Allwork Ltd, Aerial Camera Systems (ACS) based at Fairoaks Airport in Chobham Surrey was born. Out of Fairoaks Peter undertook the aerial filming for many major feature films including Superman, filming Superman’s exciting high speed flying sequences using a nose mount in a Lear Jet with pilot Clay Lacy, James .
Bond’s For Your Eye’s Only, Never Say Never Again, A View to a Kill and High Road
- published: 05 Mar 2009
- views: 2838
Ex Deo - "I, Caligvla"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:40
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 0
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio.
Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla.
Cal...
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio.
Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla.
Calgvla's Sisters
Surtsey Castano
Julia Agrippina, most commonly referred to as Agrippina Minor or Agrippina the Younger, and after 50 known as Julia Augusta Agrippina (Minor Latin for the ‘younger’, Classical Latin: IVLIA•AGRIPPINA; IVLIA•AVGVSTA•AGRIPPINA,[1] 7 November 15 or 6 November 16[2] – 19/23 March 59) was a Roman Empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and fourth wife of the Emperor Claudius, and mother of the Emperor Nero.
Agrippina the Younger has been described by both the ancient and modern sources as ‘ruthless, ambitious, violent and domineering’. She was a beautiful and reputable woman and according to Pliny the Elder, she had a double canine in her upper right jaw, a sign of good fortune. Many ancient historians accuse Agrippina of poisoning Emperor Claudius, though accounts vary
Natalia Zakharova
Julia Drusilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•DRVSILLA[1]) (16 September AD 16 – 10 June AD 38) was the second daughter and fifth living child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder, and the sister of the Roman Emperor Caligula. Drusilla also had two sisters (Julia Livilla and the Empress Agrippina the Younger) and two other brothers (Nero and Drusus). She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and sister-in-law of the Emperor Claudius, and maternal aunt of the Emperor Nero.
Layla Tee
Julia Livilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•LIVILLA,[1] also called IVLIA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[2][3][4] or LIVILLA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[5]) (early AD 18 - late AD 41 or early AD 42) was the youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder and the youngest sister of the Emperor Caligula.
Gladiators
Gilles Lartigot
Ambiorix - Gaul Gladiator
John Derezze
Orpheus - Thracian Gladiator
Guests
Jay Dost
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus (d. 39) was a Roman general and politician. He was involved in a plot against the emperor Caligula and was executed after its discovery.
Dean Durbin
Claudius (Latin: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus;[1] 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54) was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy. Because he was afflicted with a limp and slight deafness due to sickness at a young age, his family ostracized him and excluded him from public office until his consulship, shared with his nephew Caligula in 37. Claudius' infirmity probably saved him from the fate of many other nobles during the purges of Tiberius and Caligula's reigns; potential enemies did not see him as a serious threat. His survival led to his being declared Emperor by the Praetorian Guard after Caligula's assassination, at which point he was the last adult male of his family.
Despite his lack of experience, Claudius proved to be an able and efficient administrator. He was also an ambitious builder, constructing many new roads, aqueducts, and canals across the Empire. During his reign the Empire conquered Thrace, Noricum, Pamphylia, Lycia and Judaea, and began the conquest of Britain. Having a personal interest in law, he presided at public trials, and issued up to twenty edicts a day. However, he was seen as vulnerable throughout his reign, particularly by the nobility. Claudius was constantly forced to shore up his position; this resulted in the deaths of many senators. These events damaged his reputation among the ancient writers, though more recent historians have revised this opinion. After his death in 54, his grand-nephew and adopted son Nero succeeded him as Emperor.
Mary Durbin
Milonia Caesonia (died 24 January AD 41) was a Roman empress and the fourth and last wife of the Roman Emperor Caligula.
Coming from modest origins, Caesonia was a daughter of Vistilia. Her younger half-brother was the Roman Consul and General Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. Her niece, Domitia Longina, married the future Roman Emperor Domitian.
Little is written of Caesonia. Suetonius says that when Caligula married her she was neither beautiful nor young,[1] and was the mother of three daughters by another man.[1] He describes her as a woman of reckless extravagance and wantonness,[1] whom nevertheless Caligula loved passionately and faithfully.[1]
Cassius Dio says that Caligula began an affair with Caesonia prior to their marriage (in either late 39 or early 40).[2] She was pregnant when they married and gave birth to Julia Drusilla only one month later;[3] Suetonius, on the other hand, says
https://wn.com/Ex_Deo_I,_Caligvla
directed by tommy jones. produced by the studio.
Below is a list of who the people in the video are, and their actual history or connection with Caligvla.
Calgvla's Sisters
Surtsey Castano
Julia Agrippina, most commonly referred to as Agrippina Minor or Agrippina the Younger, and after 50 known as Julia Augusta Agrippina (Minor Latin for the ‘younger’, Classical Latin: IVLIA•AGRIPPINA; IVLIA•AVGVSTA•AGRIPPINA,[1] 7 November 15 or 6 November 16[2] – 19/23 March 59) was a Roman Empress and one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and fourth wife of the Emperor Claudius, and mother of the Emperor Nero.
Agrippina the Younger has been described by both the ancient and modern sources as ‘ruthless, ambitious, violent and domineering’. She was a beautiful and reputable woman and according to Pliny the Elder, she had a double canine in her upper right jaw, a sign of good fortune. Many ancient historians accuse Agrippina of poisoning Emperor Claudius, though accounts vary
Natalia Zakharova
Julia Drusilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•DRVSILLA[1]) (16 September AD 16 – 10 June AD 38) was the second daughter and fifth living child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder, and the sister of the Roman Emperor Caligula. Drusilla also had two sisters (Julia Livilla and the Empress Agrippina the Younger) and two other brothers (Nero and Drusus). She was a great-granddaughter of the Emperor Augustus, great-niece and adoptive granddaughter of the Emperor Tiberius, sister of the Emperor Caligula, niece and sister-in-law of the Emperor Claudius, and maternal aunt of the Emperor Nero.
Layla Tee
Julia Livilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•LIVILLA,[1] also called IVLIA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[2][3][4] or LIVILLA•GERMANICI•CAESARIS•FILIA[5]) (early AD 18 - late AD 41 or early AD 42) was the youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder and the youngest sister of the Emperor Caligula.
Gladiators
Gilles Lartigot
Ambiorix - Gaul Gladiator
John Derezze
Orpheus - Thracian Gladiator
Guests
Jay Dost
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus (d. 39) was a Roman general and politician. He was involved in a plot against the emperor Caligula and was executed after its discovery.
Dean Durbin
Claudius (Latin: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus;[1] 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54) was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy. Because he was afflicted with a limp and slight deafness due to sickness at a young age, his family ostracized him and excluded him from public office until his consulship, shared with his nephew Caligula in 37. Claudius' infirmity probably saved him from the fate of many other nobles during the purges of Tiberius and Caligula's reigns; potential enemies did not see him as a serious threat. His survival led to his being declared Emperor by the Praetorian Guard after Caligula's assassination, at which point he was the last adult male of his family.
Despite his lack of experience, Claudius proved to be an able and efficient administrator. He was also an ambitious builder, constructing many new roads, aqueducts, and canals across the Empire. During his reign the Empire conquered Thrace, Noricum, Pamphylia, Lycia and Judaea, and began the conquest of Britain. Having a personal interest in law, he presided at public trials, and issued up to twenty edicts a day. However, he was seen as vulnerable throughout his reign, particularly by the nobility. Claudius was constantly forced to shore up his position; this resulted in the deaths of many senators. These events damaged his reputation among the ancient writers, though more recent historians have revised this opinion. After his death in 54, his grand-nephew and adopted son Nero succeeded him as Emperor.
Mary Durbin
Milonia Caesonia (died 24 January AD 41) was a Roman empress and the fourth and last wife of the Roman Emperor Caligula.
Coming from modest origins, Caesonia was a daughter of Vistilia. Her younger half-brother was the Roman Consul and General Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. Her niece, Domitia Longina, married the future Roman Emperor Domitian.
Little is written of Caesonia. Suetonius says that when Caligula married her she was neither beautiful nor young,[1] and was the mother of three daughters by another man.[1] He describes her as a woman of reckless extravagance and wantonness,[1] whom nevertheless Caligula loved passionately and faithfully.[1]
Cassius Dio says that Caligula began an affair with Caesonia prior to their marriage (in either late 39 or early 40).[2] She was pregnant when they married and gave birth to Julia Drusilla only one month later;[3] Suetonius, on the other hand, says
- published: 30 Jun 2012
- views: 0
Javier Souto & Jose Regalado - Bay of Pigs - Veteran Interviews
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:35:07
- Updated: 27 Mar 2014
- views: 3755
Javier Souto
Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle Hi...
Javier Souto
Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle High School in Havana, graduating in 1956. After that he attended Villanova University in Havana and the University of Havana. In the U.S.A. he attended Miami-Dade College and the University of Miami where he graduated from the School of Business in 1967. Souto is a veteran of the Bay of Pigs Invasion (a founding member, #2504) where he was active in the infiltration teams. He served for several years, after the Bay of Pigs, with the CIA sponsored Special Missions Groups. Commissioner Souto was elected to the Florida House of Representatives in November 1984. Javier D. Souto was the first elected Miami-Dade County Commissioner representing District 10 in April 1993. He was reelected in 1994, 1998, 2002, and 2006. His commission district includes portions of Kendall, Westchester, and Fontainebleau. Javier is married to Berta Cepero. They have three adult children, Javier arrived in Miami-Dade County from Cuba on March 25, 1960, and has lived in Miami ever since.
Jose Regalado
Infiltration
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
UBS International Inc., Coral Gables, Florida
1994-2004 Vice President International Investments – Retired in 2004
Merrill Lynch International, Miami, Florida
1987-2004 Senior Financial Consultant
1985-1987 Senior Vice-president Tesoro Savings and Loan Association
Head of Private Banking
San Antonio, Texas
Bank of America Latin American Division
1969-1985 Vice President and Manager, Metro America Soc. Financiera, Caracas Venezuela
Manager, Quito Branch in Ecuador
Senior Credit Administrator for Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Chile based in Caracas
Assistant Vice President Latin American Section, Los Angeles International Office
1960-1967 Bay Of Pigs Invasion Brigade, Intelligence Officer, Infiltration Teams – Miami, Guatemala,
Panama – Infiltrated in Cuba 02/14/1961 to train guerillas in Matanzas Province and help
The underground in Havana prior to the Bay of Pigs Invasion
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
1969 University of Southern California in Los Angeles, Master of Business Administration
In International Business
1967 Mount St. Mary’s College, Los Angeles, Ca, Major in Spanish and Business Education
With a Minor in Economics
1987 Merrill Lynch MBA Training at Princeton, NJ as International Financial Consultant
1988 Mortgage Broker License State of Florida
1979 Bank of America Professor of Control Documentation for Officer Candidates in Latin
America
1959 Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva,
Marianao, Habana, Cuba. Graduated as C.P.A. B.A. In Sciences
Major in Accounting and Economics
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba - 08/15/1937 son of Jose Regalado Sanz, Spanish from Barcelona and Rufina Santana Iglesias from Pinar del Rio, Cuba.
Civil Status – Married 53 years ago, 4 children, 10 grandchildren, 2 great-grandchildren - US Citizen
Life in Pre-Castro Cuba:
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Lived at same address in Marianao until married on 06/23/1956.
1941-1954 - From Pre-primary until graduation from High School attended same school. Colegio De La Salle of the Order of the Christian Brothers of St. Juan Bautista De La Salle. High School with emphasis in Humanities.
1954-1959 – B.A. in Sciences (Ciencias Comerciales) Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Married to Nancy Salas Perez, 06/23/1956 the daughter of General Rafael A. Salas Canizares, killed by Revolutionaries in 1956. He was the National Chief of Police in Cuba.
1957-1958 traveling in Western Europe. Lived in Madrid for 6 months and returned to Havana prior to the fall of the Batista Government. Due to my wife’s family attachment to the Government of Fulgencio Batista Revolutionaries looted our house on January 1, 1959 and I was forced to be present during the looting of my house.
January 12, 1959 while driving to my parent’s home in the outskirts of Havana, I was kidnapped by elements of the July 26 Movement in the area of the Country Club and tied to a tree. They claimed that we had millions stashed away and they wanted $100,000 or else my mother-in-law, my wife, and I will be killed. They gave me 48 hours to get the money. A dear friend of mine Dr. Jose Roiz, a minority stockholder in one of our companies and a gun collector, upon learning about the predicament I was in offered himself with a couple of friends to set a trap up for the revolutionaries at my parent’s home. When they came for the money Jose Roiz, his friends and I engaged them in a firefight and they escape
https://wn.com/Javier_Souto_Jose_Regalado_Bay_Of_Pigs_Veteran_Interviews
Javier Souto
Javier was born in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, on December 15, 1938. In Cuba, he attended La Salle Elementary school in Sancti Spiritus and La Salle High School in Havana, graduating in 1956. After that he attended Villanova University in Havana and the University of Havana. In the U.S.A. he attended Miami-Dade College and the University of Miami where he graduated from the School of Business in 1967. Souto is a veteran of the Bay of Pigs Invasion (a founding member, #2504) where he was active in the infiltration teams. He served for several years, after the Bay of Pigs, with the CIA sponsored Special Missions Groups. Commissioner Souto was elected to the Florida House of Representatives in November 1984. Javier D. Souto was the first elected Miami-Dade County Commissioner representing District 10 in April 1993. He was reelected in 1994, 1998, 2002, and 2006. His commission district includes portions of Kendall, Westchester, and Fontainebleau. Javier is married to Berta Cepero. They have three adult children, Javier arrived in Miami-Dade County from Cuba on March 25, 1960, and has lived in Miami ever since.
Jose Regalado
Infiltration
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
UBS International Inc., Coral Gables, Florida
1994-2004 Vice President International Investments – Retired in 2004
Merrill Lynch International, Miami, Florida
1987-2004 Senior Financial Consultant
1985-1987 Senior Vice-president Tesoro Savings and Loan Association
Head of Private Banking
San Antonio, Texas
Bank of America Latin American Division
1969-1985 Vice President and Manager, Metro America Soc. Financiera, Caracas Venezuela
Manager, Quito Branch in Ecuador
Senior Credit Administrator for Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Chile based in Caracas
Assistant Vice President Latin American Section, Los Angeles International Office
1960-1967 Bay Of Pigs Invasion Brigade, Intelligence Officer, Infiltration Teams – Miami, Guatemala,
Panama – Infiltrated in Cuba 02/14/1961 to train guerillas in Matanzas Province and help
The underground in Havana prior to the Bay of Pigs Invasion
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
1969 University of Southern California in Los Angeles, Master of Business Administration
In International Business
1967 Mount St. Mary’s College, Los Angeles, Ca, Major in Spanish and Business Education
With a Minor in Economics
1987 Merrill Lynch MBA Training at Princeton, NJ as International Financial Consultant
1988 Mortgage Broker License State of Florida
1979 Bank of America Professor of Control Documentation for Officer Candidates in Latin
America
1959 Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva,
Marianao, Habana, Cuba. Graduated as C.P.A. B.A. In Sciences
Major in Accounting and Economics
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba - 08/15/1937 son of Jose Regalado Sanz, Spanish from Barcelona and Rufina Santana Iglesias from Pinar del Rio, Cuba.
Civil Status – Married 53 years ago, 4 children, 10 grandchildren, 2 great-grandchildren - US Citizen
Life in Pre-Castro Cuba:
Born in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Lived at same address in Marianao until married on 06/23/1956.
1941-1954 - From Pre-primary until graduation from High School attended same school. Colegio De La Salle of the Order of the Christian Brothers of St. Juan Bautista De La Salle. High School with emphasis in Humanities.
1954-1959 – B.A. in Sciences (Ciencias Comerciales) Universidad Católica de Santo Tomas de Villanueva in Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
Married to Nancy Salas Perez, 06/23/1956 the daughter of General Rafael A. Salas Canizares, killed by Revolutionaries in 1956. He was the National Chief of Police in Cuba.
1957-1958 traveling in Western Europe. Lived in Madrid for 6 months and returned to Havana prior to the fall of the Batista Government. Due to my wife’s family attachment to the Government of Fulgencio Batista Revolutionaries looted our house on January 1, 1959 and I was forced to be present during the looting of my house.
January 12, 1959 while driving to my parent’s home in the outskirts of Havana, I was kidnapped by elements of the July 26 Movement in the area of the Country Club and tied to a tree. They claimed that we had millions stashed away and they wanted $100,000 or else my mother-in-law, my wife, and I will be killed. They gave me 48 hours to get the money. A dear friend of mine Dr. Jose Roiz, a minority stockholder in one of our companies and a gun collector, upon learning about the predicament I was in offered himself with a couple of friends to set a trap up for the revolutionaries at my parent’s home. When they came for the money Jose Roiz, his friends and I engaged them in a firefight and they escape
- published: 18 Aug 2011
- views: 3755
Avitus Western Roman Emperor 455-456 A.D. History and Ancient Coins
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:35
- Updated: 19 Feb 2014
- views: 9
http://www.TrustedCoins.com
Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. ...
http://www.TrustedCoins.com
Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. A Gallic-Roman aristocrat, he was a senator and a high-ranking officer both in the civil and military administration, as well as Bishop of Piacenza.
A representative of the Gallic-Roman aristocracy, he opposed the reduction of the Western Roman Empire to Italy alone, both politically and from the administrative point of view. For this reason, as Emperor he introduced several Gallic senators in the imperial administration; this policy, however, was opposed by both the senatorial aristocracy and by the people of Rome, which had suffered because of the Vandalic sack of the city in 455. Avitus had a good relationship with the Visigoths, in particular with their king Theodoric II, who was a friend of his and who acclaimed Avitus Emperor, but the possibility of a strong and useful alliance between Visigoths and Romans ended when Theodoric invaded Roman Hispania and then refused to help Avitus against the rebel Roman generals who deposed him.
Origins and early career
Avitus was born in Clermont, in a noble family of the senatorial aristocracy of Gallic-Roman origin; his father was possibly Flavius Julius Agricola, consul in 421. He had at least two sons and a daughter: Agricola (440 – after 507, a vir inlustris), Ecdicius Avitus (later patricius and magister militum under Emperor Julius Nepos), and, clarissima femina (who married the praetorian prefect of Gaul Tonantius Ferreolus). He was also related to Magnus Felix and Priscus Valerianus. Agricola's daughter, also named Papianilla (490–530), married her relative Parthenius (485–548), a Patron in 542 and perhaps a great-grandson of Felix Ennodius.
Avitus followed a course of study typical for a young man of his rank: he studied law. Before 421 he was sent to the powerful patricius Flavius Constantius (shortly Emperor in 421), to ask for a tax reduction for his own country. This embassy was successful. A relative of his, Theodorus, was hostage at the court of the King of Visigoths, Theodoric I: in 425/426 Avitus went and met him, thus meeting the King, who let Avitus enter his own court. Here, around 439, Avitus met the son of Theodoric, Theodoric II, who later became King. Avitus inspired the young Theodoric to study Latin poets.
He then started a military career: he served under the magister militum Aetius in his campaign against the Juthungi and the Norics (430–431) and also against the Burgundians (436). In 437, after being elevated to the rank of vir inlustris, he returned to Alvernia, where he held a high office, probably magister militum per Gallias; in that same year he defeated near Clermont a group of Hunnic raiders and obliged Theodoric to lift the siege of Narbonne. In 439 he became Praetorian prefect of Gaul; in that same year he renewed the friendship treaty with the Visigoths.
Before the summer of 440, he retired to private life in his lands, called Avitacum, near Clermont. Here he lived until 451, when the Huns, led by Attila, invaded the Western Roman Empire; Avitus used his own influence over Theodoric to convince him to an alliance between Visigoths and Romans. Theodoric and Aetius defeated Attila in the Battle of Châlons, although Theodoric was killed there.
Rise to the throne
In the late spring of 455, Avitus was recalled to service by emperor Petronius Maximus and was elevated to the rank of magister militum, probably praesentalis; Maximus sent Avitus in an embassy to the court of Theodoric II, who had succeeded to his father, at Toulouse: this embassy probably confirmed the new King and his people the condition of foederati of the Empire and asked for their support to the new Emperor.
While Avitus was at Theodoric's court, news came of the death of Petronius Maximus (May 22) and of the sack of Rome by the Vandals of Gaiseric. Theodoric acclaimed Avitus Emperor in Toulouse, on July 9,[5] the new Emperor was acclaimed by the Gallic chiefs gathered in Viernum, near Arelate, and later, around August 5, before Avitus reached Rome, he received the recognition of the Roman Senate.
Avitus stayed in Gaul for three months, to consolidate his power in the region that was the center of his support, and later went to Italy with a Gallic army, probably reinforced with a Gothic force. He probably travelled to Noricum to restore the imperial authority in that province, and then passed through Ravenna, where he left a Gothic force under the new patricius and magister militum Remistus, a Visigoth. On September 21, finally, he entered Rome.
Consolidation of power
The effective power of Avitus depended on the support of all the major players in the Western Roman Empire in the mid-5th century. The new Emperor needed the support of both the civil institutions, the Roman senate and the Eastern Roman Emperor Marcian, as well as that of the army and its commanders
https://wn.com/Avitus_Western_Roman_Emperor_455_456_A.D._History_And_Ancient_Coins
http://www.TrustedCoins.com
Eparchius Avitus (c. 385 - after 17 October 456 or in 457) was Western Roman Emperor from July 8 or July 9, 455 to October 17, 456. A Gallic-Roman aristocrat, he was a senator and a high-ranking officer both in the civil and military administration, as well as Bishop of Piacenza.
A representative of the Gallic-Roman aristocracy, he opposed the reduction of the Western Roman Empire to Italy alone, both politically and from the administrative point of view. For this reason, as Emperor he introduced several Gallic senators in the imperial administration; this policy, however, was opposed by both the senatorial aristocracy and by the people of Rome, which had suffered because of the Vandalic sack of the city in 455. Avitus had a good relationship with the Visigoths, in particular with their king Theodoric II, who was a friend of his and who acclaimed Avitus Emperor, but the possibility of a strong and useful alliance between Visigoths and Romans ended when Theodoric invaded Roman Hispania and then refused to help Avitus against the rebel Roman generals who deposed him.
Origins and early career
Avitus was born in Clermont, in a noble family of the senatorial aristocracy of Gallic-Roman origin; his father was possibly Flavius Julius Agricola, consul in 421. He had at least two sons and a daughter: Agricola (440 – after 507, a vir inlustris), Ecdicius Avitus (later patricius and magister militum under Emperor Julius Nepos), and, clarissima femina (who married the praetorian prefect of Gaul Tonantius Ferreolus). He was also related to Magnus Felix and Priscus Valerianus. Agricola's daughter, also named Papianilla (490–530), married her relative Parthenius (485–548), a Patron in 542 and perhaps a great-grandson of Felix Ennodius.
Avitus followed a course of study typical for a young man of his rank: he studied law. Before 421 he was sent to the powerful patricius Flavius Constantius (shortly Emperor in 421), to ask for a tax reduction for his own country. This embassy was successful. A relative of his, Theodorus, was hostage at the court of the King of Visigoths, Theodoric I: in 425/426 Avitus went and met him, thus meeting the King, who let Avitus enter his own court. Here, around 439, Avitus met the son of Theodoric, Theodoric II, who later became King. Avitus inspired the young Theodoric to study Latin poets.
He then started a military career: he served under the magister militum Aetius in his campaign against the Juthungi and the Norics (430–431) and also against the Burgundians (436). In 437, after being elevated to the rank of vir inlustris, he returned to Alvernia, where he held a high office, probably magister militum per Gallias; in that same year he defeated near Clermont a group of Hunnic raiders and obliged Theodoric to lift the siege of Narbonne. In 439 he became Praetorian prefect of Gaul; in that same year he renewed the friendship treaty with the Visigoths.
Before the summer of 440, he retired to private life in his lands, called Avitacum, near Clermont. Here he lived until 451, when the Huns, led by Attila, invaded the Western Roman Empire; Avitus used his own influence over Theodoric to convince him to an alliance between Visigoths and Romans. Theodoric and Aetius defeated Attila in the Battle of Châlons, although Theodoric was killed there.
Rise to the throne
In the late spring of 455, Avitus was recalled to service by emperor Petronius Maximus and was elevated to the rank of magister militum, probably praesentalis; Maximus sent Avitus in an embassy to the court of Theodoric II, who had succeeded to his father, at Toulouse: this embassy probably confirmed the new King and his people the condition of foederati of the Empire and asked for their support to the new Emperor.
While Avitus was at Theodoric's court, news came of the death of Petronius Maximus (May 22) and of the sack of Rome by the Vandals of Gaiseric. Theodoric acclaimed Avitus Emperor in Toulouse, on July 9,[5] the new Emperor was acclaimed by the Gallic chiefs gathered in Viernum, near Arelate, and later, around August 5, before Avitus reached Rome, he received the recognition of the Roman Senate.
Avitus stayed in Gaul for three months, to consolidate his power in the region that was the center of his support, and later went to Italy with a Gallic army, probably reinforced with a Gothic force. He probably travelled to Noricum to restore the imperial authority in that province, and then passed through Ravenna, where he left a Gothic force under the new patricius and magister militum Remistus, a Visigoth. On September 21, finally, he entered Rome.
Consolidation of power
The effective power of Avitus depended on the support of all the major players in the Western Roman Empire in the mid-5th century. The new Emperor needed the support of both the civil institutions, the Roman senate and the Eastern Roman Emperor Marcian, as well as that of the army and its commanders
- published: 16 Jun 2013
- views: 9
Theodosius I - Roman Emperor 379-395 A.D. Biography Ancient Roman Coins to Buy Certified and Guaranteed Authentic
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:57
- Updated: 01 Mar 2014
- views: 22
Click link to buy authentic ancient Roman coins of Theodosius I: http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/theodosiusi-authentic...
Click link to buy authentic ancient Roman coins of Theodosius I: http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/theodosiusi-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Flavius Theodosius ( 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great (Greek: Θεοδόσιος Α΄ and Θεοδόσιος ο Μέγας), was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern and Western Roman Empire. After his death, the two parts split permanently. He is also known for making Nicene Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire.
Career
Theodosius was born in Cauca, in Hispania (modern day Coca, Spain) or, more probably, in or near Italica (Seville)[2], to a senior military officer, Theodosius the Elder. He accompanied his father to Britannia to help quell the Great Conspiracy in 368. He was military commander (dux) of Moesia, a Roman province on the lower Danube, in 374. However, shortly thereafter, and at about the same time as the sudden disgrace and execution of his father, Theodosius retired to Spain. The reason for his retirement, and the relationship (if any) between it and his father's death is unclear. It is possible that he was dismissed from his command by the emperor Valentinian I after the loss of two of Theodosius' legions to the Sarmatians in late 374.
The death of Valentinian I in 375 created political pandemonium. Fearing further persecution on account of his family ties, Theodosius abruptly retired to his family estates where he adapted to the life of a provincial aristocrat.
From 364 to 375, the Roman Empire was governed by two co-emperors, the brothers Valentinian I and Valens; when Valentinian died in 375, his sons, Valentinian II and Gratian, succeeded him as rulers of the Western Roman Empire. In 378, after Valens was killed in the Battle of Adrianople, Gratian appointed Theodosius to replace the fallen emperor as co-augustus for the East. Gratian was killed in a rebellion in 383, then Theodosius appointed his elder son, Arcadius, his co-ruler for the East. After the death in 392 of Valentinian II, whom Theodosius had supported against a variety of usurpations, Theodosius ruled as sole emperor, appointing his younger son Honorius Augustus as his co-ruler for the West (Milan, on 23 January 393) and defeating the usurper Eugenius on 6 September 394, at the Battle of the Frigidus (Vipava river, modern Slovenia) he restored peace.
Family
By his first wife, the probably Spanish Aelia Flaccilla Augusta, he had two sons, Arcadius and Honorius and a daughter, Aelia Pulcheria; Arcadius was his heir in the East and Honorius in the West. Both Aelia Flaccilla and Pulcheria died in 385.
His second wife (but never declared Augusta) was Galla, daughter of the emperor Valentinian I and his second wife Justina. Theodosius and Galla had a son Gratian, born in 388 who died young and a daughter Aelia Galla Placidia (392–450). Placidia was the only child who survived to adulthood and later became an Empress; a third child, John, died with his mother in childbirth in 394.
Diplomatic policy with the Goths
The Goths and their allies (Vandali, Taifalae, Bastarnae and the native Carpi) entrenched in the provinces of Dacia and eastern Pannonia Inferior consumed Theodosious' attention. The Gothic crisis was so dire that his co-Emperor Gratian relinquished control of the Illyrian provinces and retired to Trier in Gaul to let Theodosius operate without hindrance. A major weakness in the Roman position after the defeat at Adrianople was the recruiting of barbarians to fight against other barbarians. In order to reconstruct the Roman Army of the West, Theodosius needed to find able bodied soldiers and so he turned to the most capable men readily to hand: the barbarians recently settled in the Empire. This caused many difficulties in the battle against barbarians since the newly recruited fighters had little or no loyalty to Theodosius.
Theodosius was reduced to the costly expedient of shipping his recruits to Egypt and replacing them with more seasoned Romans, but there were still switches of allegiance that resulted in military setbacks. Gratian sent generals to clear the dioceses of Illyria (Pannonia and Dalmatia) of Goths, and Theodosius was able finally to enter Constantinople on 24 November 380, after two seasons in the field. The final treaties with the remaining Gothic forces, signed 3 October 382, permitted large contingents of primarily Thervingian Goths to settle along the southern Danube frontier in the province of Thrace and largely govern themselves.
The Goths now settled within the Empire had, as a result of the treaties, military obligations to fight for the Romans as a national contingent, as opposed to being fully integrated into the Roman forces.
https://wn.com/Theodosius_I_Roman_Emperor_379_395_A.D._Biography_Ancient_Roman_Coins_To_Buy_Certified_And_Guaranteed_Authentic
Click link to buy authentic ancient Roman coins of Theodosius I: http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/theodosiusi-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Flavius Theodosius ( 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great (Greek: Θεοδόσιος Α΄ and Θεοδόσιος ο Μέγας), was Roman Emperor from 379 to 395. Reuniting the eastern and western portions of the empire, Theodosius was the last emperor of both the Eastern and Western Roman Empire. After his death, the two parts split permanently. He is also known for making Nicene Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire.
Career
Theodosius was born in Cauca, in Hispania (modern day Coca, Spain) or, more probably, in or near Italica (Seville)[2], to a senior military officer, Theodosius the Elder. He accompanied his father to Britannia to help quell the Great Conspiracy in 368. He was military commander (dux) of Moesia, a Roman province on the lower Danube, in 374. However, shortly thereafter, and at about the same time as the sudden disgrace and execution of his father, Theodosius retired to Spain. The reason for his retirement, and the relationship (if any) between it and his father's death is unclear. It is possible that he was dismissed from his command by the emperor Valentinian I after the loss of two of Theodosius' legions to the Sarmatians in late 374.
The death of Valentinian I in 375 created political pandemonium. Fearing further persecution on account of his family ties, Theodosius abruptly retired to his family estates where he adapted to the life of a provincial aristocrat.
From 364 to 375, the Roman Empire was governed by two co-emperors, the brothers Valentinian I and Valens; when Valentinian died in 375, his sons, Valentinian II and Gratian, succeeded him as rulers of the Western Roman Empire. In 378, after Valens was killed in the Battle of Adrianople, Gratian appointed Theodosius to replace the fallen emperor as co-augustus for the East. Gratian was killed in a rebellion in 383, then Theodosius appointed his elder son, Arcadius, his co-ruler for the East. After the death in 392 of Valentinian II, whom Theodosius had supported against a variety of usurpations, Theodosius ruled as sole emperor, appointing his younger son Honorius Augustus as his co-ruler for the West (Milan, on 23 January 393) and defeating the usurper Eugenius on 6 September 394, at the Battle of the Frigidus (Vipava river, modern Slovenia) he restored peace.
Family
By his first wife, the probably Spanish Aelia Flaccilla Augusta, he had two sons, Arcadius and Honorius and a daughter, Aelia Pulcheria; Arcadius was his heir in the East and Honorius in the West. Both Aelia Flaccilla and Pulcheria died in 385.
His second wife (but never declared Augusta) was Galla, daughter of the emperor Valentinian I and his second wife Justina. Theodosius and Galla had a son Gratian, born in 388 who died young and a daughter Aelia Galla Placidia (392–450). Placidia was the only child who survived to adulthood and later became an Empress; a third child, John, died with his mother in childbirth in 394.
Diplomatic policy with the Goths
The Goths and their allies (Vandali, Taifalae, Bastarnae and the native Carpi) entrenched in the provinces of Dacia and eastern Pannonia Inferior consumed Theodosious' attention. The Gothic crisis was so dire that his co-Emperor Gratian relinquished control of the Illyrian provinces and retired to Trier in Gaul to let Theodosius operate without hindrance. A major weakness in the Roman position after the defeat at Adrianople was the recruiting of barbarians to fight against other barbarians. In order to reconstruct the Roman Army of the West, Theodosius needed to find able bodied soldiers and so he turned to the most capable men readily to hand: the barbarians recently settled in the Empire. This caused many difficulties in the battle against barbarians since the newly recruited fighters had little or no loyalty to Theodosius.
Theodosius was reduced to the costly expedient of shipping his recruits to Egypt and replacing them with more seasoned Romans, but there were still switches of allegiance that resulted in military setbacks. Gratian sent generals to clear the dioceses of Illyria (Pannonia and Dalmatia) of Goths, and Theodosius was able finally to enter Constantinople on 24 November 380, after two seasons in the field. The final treaties with the remaining Gothic forces, signed 3 October 382, permitted large contingents of primarily Thervingian Goths to settle along the southern Danube frontier in the province of Thrace and largely govern themselves.
The Goths now settled within the Empire had, as a result of the treaties, military obligations to fight for the Romans as a national contingent, as opposed to being fully integrated into the Roman forces.
- published: 04 Jul 2013
- views: 22
Trajan - Roman Emperor 98-117 A.D. Biography History Ancient Roman Coins for Sale from Best Coin Dealer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:31
- Updated: 21 Mar 2014
- views: 19
http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/trajan-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known...
http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/trajan-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan (18 September, 53 – 8 August, 117), was a Roman Emperor who reigned from AD 98 until his death in AD 117. Born Marcus Ulpius Traianus into a non-patrician family in the Hispania Baetica province (modern day Spain), Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian, serving as a general in the Roman army along the German frontier, and successfully crushing the revolt of Antonius Saturninus in 89. On September 18, 96, Domitian was succeeded by Marcus Cocceius Nerva, an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army. After a brief and tumultuous year in power, a revolt by members of the Praetorian Guard compelled him to adopt the more popular Trajan as his heir and successor. Nerva died on January 27, 98, and was succeeded by his adopted son without incident.
As a civilian administrator, Trajan is best known for his extensive public building program, which reshaped the city of Rome and left multiple enduring landmarks such as Trajan's Forum, Trajan's Market and Trajan's Column. It was as a military commander however that Trajan celebrated his greatest triumphs. In 101, he launched a punitive expedition into the kingdom of Dacia against king Decebalus, defeating the Dacian army near Tapae in 102, and finally conquering Dacia completely in 106. In 107, Trajan pushed further east and annexed the Nabataean kingdom, establishing the province of Arabia Petraea. After a period of relative peace within the Empire, he launched his final campaign in 113 against Parthia, advancing as far as the city of Susa in 116, and expanding the Roman Empire to its greatest extent. During this campaign Trajan was struck by illness, and late in 117, while sailing back to Rome, he died of a stroke on August 9, in the city of Selinus. He was deified by the Senate and his ashes were laid to rest under Trajan's Column. He was succeeded by his adopted son (not having a biological heir) Publius Aelius Hadrianus—commonly known as Hadrian.
As an emperor, Trajan's reputation has endured - he is one of the few rulers whose reputation has survived the scrutiny of nineteen centuries of history. Every new emperor after him was honoured by the Senate with the prayer felicior Augusto, melior Traiano, meaning "may he be luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan". Among medieval Christian theologians, Trajan was considered a virtuous pagan, while the 18th century historian Edward Gibbon popularized the notion of the Five Good Emperors, of which Trajan was the second.
Early life and rise to power
Trajan was born on September 18, 53 in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), a province that was thoroughly Romanized and called southern Hispania, in the city of Italica, where the Italian families were paramount. Of Italian stock himself, Trajan is frequently but misleadingly designated the first provincial emperor.
Trajan was the son of Marcia and Marcus Ulpius Traianus, a prominent senator and general from the famous gens Ulpia. Trajan himself was just one of many well-known Ulpii in a line that continued long after his own death. His elder sister was Ulpia Marciana and his niece was Salonina Matidia. The patria of the Ulpii was Italica, in Spanish Baetica, where their ancestors had settled late in the third century B.C. This indicates that the Italian origin was paramount, yet it has recently been cogently argued that the family's ancestry was local, with Trajan senior actually a Traius who was adopted into the family of the Ulpii.
As a young man, he rose through the ranks of the Roman army, serving in some of the most contentious parts of the Empire's frontier. In 76–77, Trajan's father was Governor of Syria (Legatus pro praetore Syriae), where Trajan himself remained as Tribunus legionis. Trajan was nominated as Consul and brought Apollodorus of Damascus with him to Rome around 91. Along the Rhine River, he took part in the Emperor Domitian's wars while under Domitian's successor, Nerva, who was unpopular with the army and needed to do something to gain their support. He accomplished this by naming Trajan as his adoptive son and successor in the summer of 97. According to the Augustan History, it was the future Emperor Hadrian who brought word to Trajan of his adoption. When Nerva died on January 27, 98, the highly respected Trajan succeeded without incident.
https://wn.com/Trajan_Roman_Emperor_98_117_A.D._Biography_History_Ancient_Roman_Coins_For_Sale_From_Best_Coin_Dealer
http://www.trustedcoins.com/authentic-ancient-coins-and-video-biographies/trajan-authentic-ancient-roman-coins.php
Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan (18 September, 53 – 8 August, 117), was a Roman Emperor who reigned from AD 98 until his death in AD 117. Born Marcus Ulpius Traianus into a non-patrician family in the Hispania Baetica province (modern day Spain), Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of emperor Domitian, serving as a general in the Roman army along the German frontier, and successfully crushing the revolt of Antonius Saturninus in 89. On September 18, 96, Domitian was succeeded by Marcus Cocceius Nerva, an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army. After a brief and tumultuous year in power, a revolt by members of the Praetorian Guard compelled him to adopt the more popular Trajan as his heir and successor. Nerva died on January 27, 98, and was succeeded by his adopted son without incident.
As a civilian administrator, Trajan is best known for his extensive public building program, which reshaped the city of Rome and left multiple enduring landmarks such as Trajan's Forum, Trajan's Market and Trajan's Column. It was as a military commander however that Trajan celebrated his greatest triumphs. In 101, he launched a punitive expedition into the kingdom of Dacia against king Decebalus, defeating the Dacian army near Tapae in 102, and finally conquering Dacia completely in 106. In 107, Trajan pushed further east and annexed the Nabataean kingdom, establishing the province of Arabia Petraea. After a period of relative peace within the Empire, he launched his final campaign in 113 against Parthia, advancing as far as the city of Susa in 116, and expanding the Roman Empire to its greatest extent. During this campaign Trajan was struck by illness, and late in 117, while sailing back to Rome, he died of a stroke on August 9, in the city of Selinus. He was deified by the Senate and his ashes were laid to rest under Trajan's Column. He was succeeded by his adopted son (not having a biological heir) Publius Aelius Hadrianus—commonly known as Hadrian.
As an emperor, Trajan's reputation has endured - he is one of the few rulers whose reputation has survived the scrutiny of nineteen centuries of history. Every new emperor after him was honoured by the Senate with the prayer felicior Augusto, melior Traiano, meaning "may he be luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan". Among medieval Christian theologians, Trajan was considered a virtuous pagan, while the 18th century historian Edward Gibbon popularized the notion of the Five Good Emperors, of which Trajan was the second.
Early life and rise to power
Trajan was born on September 18, 53 in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), a province that was thoroughly Romanized and called southern Hispania, in the city of Italica, where the Italian families were paramount. Of Italian stock himself, Trajan is frequently but misleadingly designated the first provincial emperor.
Trajan was the son of Marcia and Marcus Ulpius Traianus, a prominent senator and general from the famous gens Ulpia. Trajan himself was just one of many well-known Ulpii in a line that continued long after his own death. His elder sister was Ulpia Marciana and his niece was Salonina Matidia. The patria of the Ulpii was Italica, in Spanish Baetica, where their ancestors had settled late in the third century B.C. This indicates that the Italian origin was paramount, yet it has recently been cogently argued that the family's ancestry was local, with Trajan senior actually a Traius who was adopted into the family of the Ulpii.
As a young man, he rose through the ranks of the Roman army, serving in some of the most contentious parts of the Empire's frontier. In 76–77, Trajan's father was Governor of Syria (Legatus pro praetore Syriae), where Trajan himself remained as Tribunus legionis. Trajan was nominated as Consul and brought Apollodorus of Damascus with him to Rome around 91. Along the Rhine River, he took part in the Emperor Domitian's wars while under Domitian's successor, Nerva, who was unpopular with the army and needed to do something to gain their support. He accomplished this by naming Trajan as his adoptive son and successor in the summer of 97. According to the Augustan History, it was the future Emperor Hadrian who brought word to Trajan of his adoption. When Nerva died on January 27, 98, the highly respected Trajan succeeded without incident.
- published: 04 Jul 2013
- views: 19
Jesus the True Light of Christmas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 38:50
- Updated: 26 Mar 2014
- views: 4074
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their projec...
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their project was completed, time off was prohibited.
One of the guys suddenly lifted his head. "I know how to get some time off work" the man whispered.
"How?" asked the second worker.
Instead of answering, the man quickly looked around. No sign of his Boss. He jumped up on his desk, kicked out a couple of ceiling tiles and hoisted himself up. "Look!" he hissed, then swinging his legs over a metal pipe, hung upside down.
Within seconds, the Boss emerged from his office at the far end of the floor. He saw the worker hanging from the ceiling, and asked him what on earth he thought he was doing.
"I'm a light bulb" answered the public servant.
"I think you need some time off," barked the Boss. "Get out of here - that's an order - and I don't want to see you back here for two days! You understand me?"
"Yes sir", the public servant answered meekly, then jumped down, logged off his computer and left.
The second worker was hot on his heels.
"Where do you think you're going?" the boss asked.
"Home," he said lightly. "I can't work in the dark."
Christmas time is all about the lights! Most of us take time to drive around and see the pretty lights. Most of us put up a tree decorated with pretty lights. We may even put them up on our house. Some of us leave them up all year.
The next few weeks we will be looking at the Light of Jesus Christ. As such, I was trying to find out if there was such a thing a "pure light". The more I researched, the more my brain was fried.
First of all, to know what 'light' is, you have to study the following:
• Particle theory
• Wave Theory
• Electromagnetic theory
• Quantum theory
• Wave–particle duality
• Quantum electrodynamics
Plus, there is light we can see and there is light we cannot see with the naked eye. Imagine a light which you can not see.
Now if there is any thing such as pure light, it is achieved by a process called: "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation". We hear the abbreviation: LASER.
But even with LASERS light is not always pure, and there are different methods of light amplification. This requires the study of:
• Continuous wave operation
• Pulsed operation
• Q-switching
• Mode-locking
• Pulsed pumping
My mind grew numb reading about light, and I never could get a grasp on if there is such a thing as naturally occuring "pure light".
I did discover something known as "Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helioophthalmic Outburst Syndrome" People with ACHOO syndrome start sneezing when suddenly exposed to bright light, (usually mutliple times) consecutively. The condition affects 18-35% of the human population.(Wikipedia)
I DID FIND OUT WHAT "TRUE LIGHT" IS:
JOHN 1:6-9 There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. 7 He came as a witness, to bear witness about the light, that all might believe through him. 8 He was not the light, but came to bear witness about the light. 9 The true light, which enlightens everyone, was coming into the world
John the Baptist was called to prepare the way for the true light.
WHAT IS "TRUE LIGHT"?
True used here, means real, genuine, not fake, not artificial.
True, conformed to truth (John 4:37; 19:35). In the sense of real, unfeigned, not fictitious (John 17:3, meaning the only true God, not feigned like idols; 1 Thess. 1:9; 1 John 5:20; Rev. 3:7; Sept.: 2 Chr. 15:3; Isa. 65:16). Spoken of what is true in itself, genuine, real, as opposed to that which is false, (pseudés )
Now this "true Light" is also called "great light in Isa 9:2:
ISAIAH 9:2 “The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; on those living in the land of the shadow of death a light has dawned.”
Now if Jesus is the True Light and the Great Light, then that means there is a fake light, or an artificial light, or a light which is lesser in its power and effect.
What makes Jesus Christ the True Light. And here the Bible defines what makes True Light, Pure Light, Great Light. Look to the beginning verses of John:
JOHN 1:1-5 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made. 4 In him was life, and the life was the light of men. 5 The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.
Verse 4&5 tells us what makes light true and great-it produces life in mankind, and the darkness does not overcome it.
I. The Character of the True Light
A.THE TRUE LIGHT IS LIFE.
Normal living things need light to grow. With very rare exceptions do things grow in absolute darkness. Most of us know about "photosynthesis." The word ‘photo’ means ‘light,’ and the word synthesis means ‘to put together.’ Green plants produce food by putting chemicals together with light.
It is light that causes plants to p
https://wn.com/Jesus_The_True_Light_Of_Christmas
The IT department had been working 12 hour days for four weeks in a row. Two guys were talking about how badly they needed some time off, but until their project was completed, time off was prohibited.
One of the guys suddenly lifted his head. "I know how to get some time off work" the man whispered.
"How?" asked the second worker.
Instead of answering, the man quickly looked around. No sign of his Boss. He jumped up on his desk, kicked out a couple of ceiling tiles and hoisted himself up. "Look!" he hissed, then swinging his legs over a metal pipe, hung upside down.
Within seconds, the Boss emerged from his office at the far end of the floor. He saw the worker hanging from the ceiling, and asked him what on earth he thought he was doing.
"I'm a light bulb" answered the public servant.
"I think you need some time off," barked the Boss. "Get out of here - that's an order - and I don't want to see you back here for two days! You understand me?"
"Yes sir", the public servant answered meekly, then jumped down, logged off his computer and left.
The second worker was hot on his heels.
"Where do you think you're going?" the boss asked.
"Home," he said lightly. "I can't work in the dark."
Christmas time is all about the lights! Most of us take time to drive around and see the pretty lights. Most of us put up a tree decorated with pretty lights. We may even put them up on our house. Some of us leave them up all year.
The next few weeks we will be looking at the Light of Jesus Christ. As such, I was trying to find out if there was such a thing a "pure light". The more I researched, the more my brain was fried.
First of all, to know what 'light' is, you have to study the following:
• Particle theory
• Wave Theory
• Electromagnetic theory
• Quantum theory
• Wave–particle duality
• Quantum electrodynamics
Plus, there is light we can see and there is light we cannot see with the naked eye. Imagine a light which you can not see.
Now if there is any thing such as pure light, it is achieved by a process called: "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation". We hear the abbreviation: LASER.
But even with LASERS light is not always pure, and there are different methods of light amplification. This requires the study of:
• Continuous wave operation
• Pulsed operation
• Q-switching
• Mode-locking
• Pulsed pumping
My mind grew numb reading about light, and I never could get a grasp on if there is such a thing as naturally occuring "pure light".
I did discover something known as "Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helioophthalmic Outburst Syndrome" People with ACHOO syndrome start sneezing when suddenly exposed to bright light, (usually mutliple times) consecutively. The condition affects 18-35% of the human population.(Wikipedia)
I DID FIND OUT WHAT "TRUE LIGHT" IS:
JOHN 1:6-9 There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. 7 He came as a witness, to bear witness about the light, that all might believe through him. 8 He was not the light, but came to bear witness about the light. 9 The true light, which enlightens everyone, was coming into the world
John the Baptist was called to prepare the way for the true light.
WHAT IS "TRUE LIGHT"?
True used here, means real, genuine, not fake, not artificial.
True, conformed to truth (John 4:37; 19:35). In the sense of real, unfeigned, not fictitious (John 17:3, meaning the only true God, not feigned like idols; 1 Thess. 1:9; 1 John 5:20; Rev. 3:7; Sept.: 2 Chr. 15:3; Isa. 65:16). Spoken of what is true in itself, genuine, real, as opposed to that which is false, (pseudés )
Now this "true Light" is also called "great light in Isa 9:2:
ISAIAH 9:2 “The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; on those living in the land of the shadow of death a light has dawned.”
Now if Jesus is the True Light and the Great Light, then that means there is a fake light, or an artificial light, or a light which is lesser in its power and effect.
What makes Jesus Christ the True Light. And here the Bible defines what makes True Light, Pure Light, Great Light. Look to the beginning verses of John:
JOHN 1:1-5 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made. 4 In him was life, and the life was the light of men. 5 The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.
Verse 4&5 tells us what makes light true and great-it produces life in mankind, and the darkness does not overcome it.
I. The Character of the True Light
A.THE TRUE LIGHT IS LIFE.
Normal living things need light to grow. With very rare exceptions do things grow in absolute darkness. Most of us know about "photosynthesis." The word ‘photo’ means ‘light,’ and the word synthesis means ‘to put together.’ Green plants produce food by putting chemicals together with light.
It is light that causes plants to p
- published: 06 Dec 2010
- views: 4074
-
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapting itself to the much different world of the third and fourth centuries, but it remained a huge economic driver and a cultural world unto itself. Subscribe to Hollywood & Crime at smarturl.it/hollywoodandcrime Check out the new History Matters podcast: https://soundcloud.com/historymatterspodcast
published: 21 May 2017 -
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapting itself to the much different world of the third and fourth centuries, but it remained a huge economic driver and a cultural world unto itself. Subscribe to Hollywood & Crime at smarturl.it/hollywoodandcrime Check out the new History Matters podcast: https://soundcloud.com/historymatterspodcast
published: 10 Feb 2017 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 26 Sep 2015 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 02 Feb 2017 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 31 Jan 2017 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 29 Jan 2017 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 28 Jan 2017 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 31 Jan 2017 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 30 Jan 2017 -
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword). Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages deve...
published: 19 Nov 2016
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 55:48
- Updated: 21 May 2017
- views: 2
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapti...
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapting itself to the much different world of the third and fourth centuries, but it remained a huge economic driver and a cultural world unto itself. Subscribe to Hollywood & Crime at smarturl.it/hollywoodandcrime Check out the new History Matters podcast: https://soundcloud.com/historymatterspodcast
https://wn.com/The_Late_Roman_Army,_Barbarians,_And_The_Frontier_(The_Fall_Of_Rome_Podcast)
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapting itself to the much different world of the third and fourth centuries, but it remained a huge economic driver and a cultural world unto itself. Subscribe to Hollywood & Crime at smarturl.it/hollywoodandcrime Check out the new History Matters podcast: https://soundcloud.com/historymatterspodcast
- published: 21 May 2017
- views: 2
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 55:48
- Updated: 10 Feb 2017
- views: 51
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapti...
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapting itself to the much different world of the third and fourth centuries, but it remained a huge economic driver and a cultural world unto itself. Subscribe to Hollywood & Crime at smarturl.it/hollywoodandcrime Check out the new History Matters podcast: https://soundcloud.com/historymatterspodcast
https://wn.com/The_Late_Roman_Army,_Barbarians,_And_The_Frontier_(The_Fall_Of_Rome_Podcast)
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramatically from the classic legions of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius, adapting itself to the much different world of the third and fourth centuries, but it remained a huge economic driver and a cultural world unto itself. Subscribe to Hollywood & Crime at smarturl.it/hollywoodandcrime Check out the new History Matters podcast: https://soundcloud.com/historymatterspodcast
- published: 10 Feb 2017
- views: 51
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 26 Sep 2015
- views: 2776
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 26 Sep 2015
- views: 2776
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 02 Feb 2017
- views: 0
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 02 Feb 2017
- views: 0
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 31 Jan 2017
- views: 8
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 31 Jan 2017
- views: 8
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 29 Jan 2017
- views: 0
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 29 Jan 2017
- views: 0
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 28 Jan 2017
- views: 0
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 28 Jan 2017
- views: 0
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 31 Jan 2017
- views: 1
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 31 Jan 2017
- views: 1
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 30 Jan 2017
- views: 1
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 30 Jan 2017
- views: 1
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:54
- Updated: 19 Nov 2016
- views: 0
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical regi...
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
https://wn.com/The_Most_Deadliest_And_Usefull_Tools_Amazing_Documentary_Tv
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration. A sword in the most narrow sense consists of a straight blade with two edges and a hilt, but depending on context, the term is also often used to refer to bladed weapons with a single edge. (also referred to as a backsword).
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens date to ca. 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword remained fairly short and without a crossguard. The spatha as it developed in the Late Roman army became the predecessor of the European sword of the Middle Ages, at first adopted as the Migration period sword, and only in the High Middle Ages developed into the classical arming sword with crossguard. The word sword continues Old English sweord
Read More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword
- published: 19 Nov 2016
- views: 0
- Playlist
- Chat
6:14
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late R...
published: 01 Oct 2016
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
- Report rights infringement
- published: 01 Oct 2016
- views: 1150
19:33
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin ...
published: 31 Jan 2016
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 31 Jan 2016
- views: 351707
3:22
roman army murton 400
published: 29 Jun 2011
roman army murton 400
roman army murton 400
- Report rights infringement
- published: 29 Jun 2011
- views: 4759
10:09
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
published: 06 Jun 2012
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
- Report rights infringement
- published: 06 Jun 2012
- views: 9284
20:29
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, ...
published: 27 Feb 2015
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 27 Feb 2015
- views: 8175
39:46
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Lat...
published: 12 Apr 2015
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
- Report rights infringement
- published: 12 Apr 2015
- views: 7120
3:08
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army
published: 06 Apr 2016
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
- Report rights infringement
- published: 06 Apr 2016
- views: 438
49:22
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a p...
published: 05 Apr 2012
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
- Report rights infringement
- published: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 112227
6:30
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore a...
published: 15 Jan 2016
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 15 Jan 2016
- views: 906
12:44
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/...
published: 13 Apr 2012
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
- Report rights infringement
- published: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 3899648
25:58
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Ho...
published: 07 Jul 2011
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
- Report rights infringement
- published: 07 Jul 2011
- views: 3147
23:04
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propa...
published: 04 Jun 2010
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
- Report rights infringement
- published: 04 Jun 2010
- views: 2923
19:54
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL...
published: 28 Dec 2011
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
- Report rights infringement
- published: 28 Dec 2011
- views: 3167
0:31
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina La...
published: 05 Mar 2009
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
- Report rights infringement
- published: 05 Mar 2009
- views: 2838
- Playlist
- Chat
6:14
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
Sources: The Nisibis War (The Defense of the Roman East) by John S Harrel.
Osprey: Late R...
published: 01 Oct 2016
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
How Effective Was the Late Roman Army?
- Report rights infringement
- published: 01 Oct 2016
- views: 1150
19:33
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
This series will cover the development of the Roman war machine.
In part 1, we will begin ...
published: 31 Jan 2016
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 31 Jan 2016
- views: 351707
3:22
roman army murton 400
published: 29 Jun 2011
roman army murton 400
roman army murton 400
- Report rights infringement
- published: 29 Jun 2011
- views: 4759
10:09
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
published: 06 Jun 2012
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
Roman armies. From the earliest phalanx to the fall of Constantinopolis
- Report rights infringement
- published: 06 Jun 2012
- views: 9284
20:29
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Wherein we go over the armies of the Eastern Romans both in the game encyclopedia itself, ...
published: 27 Feb 2015
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
Total War: Attila - Eastern Roman Empire & History - Ep. 4 (Roman Soldiers & Armies)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 27 Feb 2015
- views: 8175
39:46
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
In this video, I cover techniques for painting the clothing and equipment of a typical Lat...
published: 12 Apr 2015
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
Barbarians at the gates: Painting a Late Roman soldier
- Report rights infringement
- published: 12 Apr 2015
- views: 7120
3:08
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
Animation Demonstrates The Superb Organization Of The Ancient Roman Army
published: 06 Apr 2016
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
The Organization of the Ancient Roman Army
- Report rights infringement
- published: 06 Apr 2016
- views: 438
49:22
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
The Roman Empire in the West collapsed as a p...
published: 05 Apr 2012
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
06. Transformation of the Roman Empire
- Report rights infringement
- published: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 112227
6:30
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Quick look at some 28mm Late Roman Legionaries from Footsore Miniatures.
Visit Footsore a...
published: 15 Jan 2016
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
Late Roman Legionaries (Footsore Miniatures)
- Report rights infringement
- published: 15 Jan 2016
- views: 906
12:44
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! Visit http://store.dftba.com/products/...
published: 13 Apr 2012
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
Fall of The Roman Empire...in the 15th Century: Crash Course World History #12
- Report rights infringement
- published: 13 Apr 2012
- views: 3899648
25:58
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
TEAM
Sergius - Igor Urzelai
Bacchus - Moreno Solinas
Live Vocalists - Heather Knight, Ho...
published: 07 Jul 2011
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus
- Report rights infringement
- published: 07 Jul 2011
- views: 3147
23:04
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
The greatest achievement of Rome was not art or science or civilised values - it was propa...
published: 04 Jun 2010
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
Vandalusia and the Vandals of North Africa
- Report rights infringement
- published: 04 Jun 2010
- views: 2923
19:54
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Politically Incorrect Press presents:
The Hitler Speech They Don't Want You To Hear
(FULL...
published: 28 Dec 2011
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
Declaration of War on the US by Führer Adolf Hitler
- Report rights infringement
- published: 28 Dec 2011
- views: 3167
0:31
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
Director Creativo: Marçal Moliné
Director de Arte: Albert Just
Realizador: Jorge Molina La...
published: 05 Mar 2009
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
AUDI "Curvas" Tribute to PETER ALLWORK
- Report rights infringement
- published: 05 Mar 2009
- views: 2838
- Playlist
- Chat
55:48
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramati...
published: 21 May 2017
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
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The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
The Roman army was the central institution in the late Roman world. It had changed dramati...
published: 10 Feb 2017
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier (The Fall Of Rome Podcast)
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44:54
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 26 Sep 2015
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 02 Feb 2017
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 31 Jan 2017
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 29 Jan 2017
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 28 Jan 2017
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 31 Jan 2017
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 30 Jan 2017
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for both cutting and thrusting. The precise definition...
published: 19 Nov 2016
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Documentary TV
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The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier ...
The Late Roman Army, Barbarians, and the Frontier ...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
The Most Deadliest and Usefull Tools - Amazing Doc...
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Comedian Kathy Griffin Loses CNN Job In Fallout To Controversial Trump Photo
Edit WorldNews.com 31 May 2017
The fallout from comedian and reality TV star Kathy Griffin’s gruesome photo shoot that enraged President Donald Trump and politicians on both sides of the aisle has now cost her the long-time New Year’s Eve gig she co-hosted on CNN with Anderson Cooper, the Washington Post reported Wednesday ... “I sincerely apologize,” Griffin said on the video. “I am just now seeing the reaction of these images.” ... Sick!,” Trump posted ... Let us know....
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World War 3 Update: Japan Urges U.S. To ‘End Dialogue’ And Take Action Against North Korea
Edit Inquisitr 31 May 2017
Fears that we could be on the brink of World War 3 have risen as tensions continue to escalate between the U.S. and North Korea. Now a Japanese minister has urged the U.S. to stop talking and take action over North Korean provocation. The call comes in the wake of the latest North Korean ballistic missile test, and as the U.S. sends a second aircraft carrier to the Korean peninsula ... Click here to continue and read more... ....
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China Completes World's Largest Floating Solar Power Plant
Edit WorldNews.com 01 Jun 2017
China is emerging as a world leader in sustainable energy with the completion of the world’s largest floating solar farm, IFL Science reports.Sungrow Power Supply announced this month that it has finished construction on a 40-megawatt solar power plant, which is sitting on an appropriate setting ... At full capacity, this will provide 2 gigawatts of power, enough to electrify 750,000 modern homes ... WN.com, Jim Berrie ....
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Belgian University Asks Female Students To Wear Low-Cut Tops To Graduation
Edit WorldNews.com 30 May 2017
A Belgian university is red-faced after a message was sent out asking female students attending next month’s graduation ceremony to wear low-cut outfits, BBC News reported.The email, the report said, was sent to medical students at the Free University of Brussels (ULB) ... "No one has the right to tell you how you should feel in your skin. Nobody has the right to tell you how to dress....
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White House unveils list of ex-lobbyists granted ethics waivers
Edit DNA India 01 Jun 2017
May 31 - The White House on Wednesday disclosed a group of former lobbyists working in President Donald Trump's administration who have been issued ethics waivers, following a request from the U.S. government's ethics agency. The list of at least 11 waivers include White House adviser Kellyanne Conway and Trump's Chief of Staff Reince Priebus, according to a chart issued on the White House website. (http.//bit.ly/1LPKWx8) ... ....
Napizza opens in Encinitas
Edit The San Diego Union-Tribune 01 Jun 2017
Napizza, a Roman-style pizzeria company, has opened its fourth San Diego location in downtown Encinitas. Founded in 2012 by married Italian natives Christopher Antinucci and Giulia Colmignoli of Solana Beach, the restaurant specializes in serving Roman "city pizza," light, airy pizza which is served ... ....
Skeletons, chamber pots and hippo sandals: the lost treasures of Crossrail
Edit The Guardian 01 Jun 2017
Another favourite, says Keily, who is curating an exhibition of 500 Crossrail artefacts at the Museum of London Docklands, is a Roman medallion found near Liverpool Street station, presented in AD245 by the Emperor Philip to a high-ranking official ... Combined with existing evidence, including fire damage to London and a military Roman fort, the skulls suggest those soldiers may have been there to quell a revolt....
Election blind dates: Peter Stringfellow and Mary Beard
Edit BBC News 01 Jun 2017
Describe yourself. I'm Mary Beard and I am a professor of classics at the University of Cambridge. My day-job is working on Roman history and ancient Roman history. A few years ago now, I started doing Roman documentaries on both BBC Two and BBC One. It's got my face out there - for better or worse. Political beliefs. I would summarise my politics very simply as the maverick left and proud. How was your date?. I had a good time ... He listens ... ....
Robert Bosch plans to hire 650 workers until 2019
Edit Topix 01 Jun 2017
A eskA© BudA>jovice-based firm Robert Bosch plans to hire 650 workers until 2019, e.g. thanks to cooperation with technical universities. The spokesperson for Robert Bosch, Pavel Roman, has confirmed to A IANEWS that the plan has currently 4,000 employees ... ....
Philippine military air strike 'accidently' kills 10 soldiers
Edit Sify 01 Jun 2017
[Philippines], June 1 (ANI) ... The rebels, who have seized most of the territory, have held a Roman Catholic priest and several others hostage....
Hugh Buchanan: Celebrating the classical heart of a city built by a ‘mad god’
Edit Scotsman 01 Jun 2017
As Edinburgh marks the 250th anniversary of the New Town, artist Hugh Buchanan reveals the inspiration behind his own tribute ... Reflected in this ancient Roman grandeur were the red traffic lights and tail lights of the stationary traffic ... Here was my first subject ... But they were not all to be night scenes ... The Spartan poetry that tells you that everyone, so long as they put salt in their porridge, is a potential Greek or Roman Hero ... ....
Modi is World’s Third Most Followed Leader: Twiplomacy 2017 Study
Edit Yahoo Daily News 01 Jun 2017
With 30 million followers on Twitter, Modi is 74k followers short of beating Trump to second place ... (Photo Courtesy. Screengrab from report). More. Pope Francis, the highest authority of the Roman Catholic Church, holds the rank of being the most followed leader in the world, with over 33.7 million followers on Twitter ... (Photo Courtesy. Screengrab from the report) ... ....
Robot Priest Offers Blessings in Wittenberg, Germany to Commemorate 500th Anniversary of Protestant Reformation
Edit Newsweek 01 Jun 2017
Parishioners looking for an alternative religious experience can now get blessings and biblical guidance from a robot ... Related. How a robot worm could make colonoscopies fun. Subscribe to Newsweek from $1 per week ... Gabriel Bouys/Getty. The robot, whose official name is BlessU-2, was created to mark the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation, when Martin Luther a German monk and theologian, broke from the Roman Catholic church ... ....
Ukraine doctor pioneering ‘three-parent’ babies
Edit The News International 01 Jun 2017
KIEV. A 34-year-old woman tried to have a baby for 15 years before she turned to a pioneering doctor in Ukraine and a groundbreaking but ethically disputed "three-parent" procedure ... The procedure had been previously used to treat serious genetic diseases ... Other religions have also weighed in on the issue with the Roman Catholic Church opposing the move because it would involve the destruction of human embryos as part of the process ... ....
Santoliquito: Adding Winners Like Blount And Long Will Pay Dividends For Eagles
Edit CBS Sports 01 Jun 2017
PHILADELPHIA, PA (CBS) — Malcolm Jenkins knows what it’s like. Now, he has two other Eagle teammates that can relate to the same feeling—and what it takes and how much time and discipline will need to be applied to regain that winning feeling again ... Jenkins won a Super Bowl ring his rookie season with the New Orleans Saints ... It began by following the lead of players like Drew Brees, Darren Sharper and Roman Harper ... They, too, followed ... ....
No Maple Leafs captain next year? GM Lamoriello 'would not be surprised'
Edit Toronto Sun 01 Jun 2017
The urge to sew a ‘C’ on Auston Matthews — or the sweater of another Maple Leaf — will have to wait at least another season. That’s the impression general manager Lou Lamoriello is giving three months before training camp ... Some of Toronto's alternates last season, namely unrestricted free agent Roman Polak, could be leaving this summer, opening a spot for new blood such as Matthews ... lhornby@postmedia.com ....
3 goals early in 3rd tighten Pens' grasp
Edit Arkansas Online 01 Jun 2017
PENGUINS 4, PREDATORS 1. PITTSBURGH -- Pekka Rinne expunges subpar performances by visualizing good ones, and he has had plenty for Nashville in these playoffs. He recalls the saves he has made, the teams he has foiled. "Just play a lot of hockey inside my head," he said ... Three goals in 3.18, and out went Rinne ... His goal also came with three of Nashville's best defensemen -- Mattias Ekholm, Roman Josi and P.K ... Sports on 06/01/2017 ....
Letting agents found charging tenants more than £800 in fees
Edit The Guardian 01 Jun 2017
Despite likely fees ban, agents seek £404 on average from new tenants and £117 for tenancy renewals, finds Generation Rent. Renting property. Tenants week. Letting agents found charging tenants more than £800 in fees ... Chancellor to crack down on letting fees in autumn statement. Read more ... The highest fee found by Generation Rent’s volunteers was at Romans, an agency in Wokingham, where the total fee was £813 ... Twitter ... Read more ... He said ... ....
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