Rosa Parks

Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an African American civil rights activist, whom the United States Congress called "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement". Her birthday, February 4, and the day she was arrested, December 1, have both become Rosa Parks Day, commemorated in California and Missouri (February 4), and Ohio and Oregon (December 1).

On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Parks refused to obey bus driver James F. Blake's order to give up her seat in the colored section to a white passenger, after the white section was filled. Parks was not the first person to resist bus segregation. Others had taken similar steps, including Bayard Rustin in 1942,Irene Morgan in 1946, Sarah Louise Keys in 1952, and the members of the ultimately successful Browder v. Gayle lawsuit (Claudette Colvin, Aurelia Browder, Susie McDonald, and Mary Louise Smith) who were arrested in Montgomery for not giving up their bus seats months before Parks. NAACP organizers believed that Parks was the best candidate for seeing through a court challenge after her arrest for civil disobedience in violating Alabama segregation laws, although eventually her case became bogged down in the state courts while the Browder v. Gayle case succeeded.

Rosa Parks (Paris RER)

Rosa Parks is a railway station in the 19th arrondissement of Paris near the Porte d'Aubervilliers. It opened on December 13, 2015. The station is served by the RER E. Paris tramway Line 3b opened on 15 December 2012 with a stop located near the station.

It bears the name of American Civil Rights activist Rosa Parks.

Coordinates: 48°53′48″N 2°22′24″E / 48.89667°N 2.37333°E / 48.89667; 2.37333

References

Rosa Parks MAX Station

Rosa Parks station is a light rail station on the MAX Yellow Line in the Arbor Lodge neighborhood of Portland, Oregon. It is the 6th stop northbound on the Interstate MAX extension. It was originally named North Portland Boulevard station, but following the city's decision in fall 2006 to rename Portland Blvd. to Rosa Parks Way, TriMet indicated it would support the change by renaming the station, at a then-undetermined future date. The signs at the station continued to show the old name until Feb. 4, 2009, when a dedication ceremony was held, unveiling new signs renaming it as "Rosa Parks" station ("Way" being implied only). On TriMet's maps and other media, the station is shown as "N Rosa Parks Way".

The station is located in the median of Interstate Avenue near the intersection of N Rosa Parks Way. It has staggered side platforms, which sit on either side of the cross street, because the route runs around this station on Interstate Avenue in the median. Artistic elements at the station refer to Native American art.

Merv Griffin

Mervyn Edward "Merv" Griffin, Jr. (July 6, 1925 – August 12, 2007) was a U.S. television host, musician, singer, actor, and media mogul. He began his career as a radio and big band singer who went on to appear in film and on Broadway. From 1965 to 1986 Griffin hosted his own talk show, The Merv Griffin Show, produced by Westinghouse Broadcasting (also known as Group W). He also created the game shows Jeopardy!, Wheel of Fortune, Click, Ruckus, and Merv Griffin's Crosswords with his own television production companies, Merv Griffin Enterprises and Merv Griffin Entertainment. During his lifetime, Griffin was considered an entertainment business magnate.

Early life

Griffin was born into a Irish American family on July 6, 1925, in San Mateo, California to Mervyn Edward Griffin, Sr., a stock-broker, and Rita Elizabeth Griffin (née Robinson), a homemaker. Raised as a Roman Catholic, Griffin started singing in his church choir as a boy, and by his teens was earning extra money as a church organist. His abilities as a pianist played a part in his early entry into show business.

Rosa Parks (sculpture)

Rosa Parks is an outdoor 2009 bronze sculpture depicting the African-American Civil Rights activist of the same name by Pete Helzer, installed outside the bus station in Eugene, Oregon, in the United States.

Description and history

Pete Helzer's statue depicting Rosa Parks sitting in a bus seat was unveiled on Martin Luther King, Jr. Day in 2009, the same day Lane Transit District's Eugene Station Plaza was renamed Rosa Parks Plaza, making Eugene the first U.S. city to dedicate a bus station in Parks' honor. The sculpture cost $44,000; the first $10,000 was contributed by Lane Transit District and the remainder was raised from local businesses, civic organizations, community members, and government agencies. Helzer said of the project, "This one had so much attached to it in terms of community interest and community support and it feels good."

Helzer's neighbor, Lacie Heffron, modeled for the sculpture. She said, "I felt very honored and very lucky that I got to be the one who did it."

Rosa Parks (disambiguation)

Rosa Parks (1913–2005) was an American civil rights activist.

Rosa Parks may also refer to:

Transportation

Education

Rosa Parks (song)

"Rosa Parks" is a song by the hip hop group OutKast. It was released as the first single from their 1998 album Aquemini, and was that album's most successful single. The song's title comes from the civil rights activist Rosa Parks.

Track listing

Lawsuit

In 1999, Rosa Parks sued OutKast and LaFace Records over the song. The lawsuit alleged that the song misappropriated Parks' name, and also objected to some of the song's vulgar language. Parks argued that there was insufficient artistic connection between the song's title, which appropriated her name, and its content because the song's lyrics did not reference Parks biographically, metaphorically, or symbolically. Specifically, Parks argued that the song's lyrics meant, "[b]e quiet and stop the commotion. OutKast is coming back out [with new music] so all other MCs [mic checkers, rappers, Master of Ceremonies] step aside. Do you want to ride and hang out with us? OutKast is the type of group to make the clubs get hyped-up/excited." The initial lawsuit was dismissed. Parks' representation hired lawyer Johnnie Cochran to appeal the decision in 2001, but the appeal was denied on First Amendment grounds. In 2003, the Supreme Court allowed Parks' lawyers to proceed with the lawsuit.