Magyarization (also Magyarisation, Hungarization, Hungarisation, Hungarianization, Hungarianisation) is a kind of assimilation or acculturation, a process by which non-Hungarian elements came to adopt Hungarian (also called "Magyar") culture and language due to social pressure (often, though not exclusively, in the form of a coercive policy).

The Hungarian Nationalities Law (1868) guaranteed that all citizens of Hungary, whatever their nationality, constituted politically "a single nation, the indivisible, unitary Hungarian nation", and there could be no differentiation between them except in respect of the official usage of the current languages and then only insofar as necessitated by practical considerations. In spite of the law, the use of minority languages was banished almost entirely from administration and even justice. Defiance or appeals to the Nationalities Law, met with derision or abuse. The Hungarian language was overrepresented in the primary schools and almost all secondary education was in Hungarian.