Gibraltarians
Llanitos

Some notable Gibraltarians: Peter Caruana • Alfred Holmes • Kaiane Aldorino Joe Bossano • Paul Isola • Adolfo Canepa
Total population
About 40,000
Regions with significant populations
Gibraltar 23,757+[1]  United Kingdom 11,830+[2]  United States 570[2]  Spain at least 3,000[3] Other: 905[2]
Languages
English · Spanish Llanito (vernacular)
Religion
Christianity (predominantly Roman Catholic, and a minority Anglicanism) · Islam · Judaism · Hinduism
Related ethnic groups
Andalusian · British · Genoese · Maltese · Portuguese

Gibraltarians encircle The Rock during the tercentenary of British Gibraltar, 4 August 2004.

The Gibraltarians (colloquially Llanitos) are a cultural group native to Gibraltar, a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula at the entrance to the Mediterranean sea.

Origins[link]

Gibraltarians are a racial and cultural fusion of the many immigrants who came to the Rock of Gibraltar over three hundred years. They are the descendants of economic migrants who came to Gibraltar following its capture by Britain in 1704. All but 70 of the existing population of 4,000 fled to the surrounding Campo de Gibraltar.^[4] The few Spaniards who remained left in 1727 when Gibraltar was subjected to its second Spanish siege.

Most Gibraltarian surnames are typically of Mediterranean extraction. The exact breakdown is as follows:

Genoese and Catalans (who arrived in the fleet with Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt, possibly some two hundred in all), became the core of Gibraltar's first civilian population under Habsburg Gibraltar. Sephardic Jews from Tetouan in Morocco, who had previously been suppliers to the English territory of Tangier, started supplying fresh produce to Gibraltar from 1704.

Jews in Gibraltar by 1755 together with the Genoese formed 50% of the civilian population (then 1,300). In 1888 the construction of the new harbour at Gibraltar started in order to provide an additional coaling station on the British routes to the East. This resulted in the importation of Maltese labour both to assist in its construction, and to replace striking Genoese labour in the old coaling lighter-based industry. Maltese, and Portuguese people formed the majority of this new population. Other groups include Minorcans (due to the links between both British possessions during the 18th century; immigration begun in that century and continued even after Minorca was returned to Spain in 1802 by the Treaty of Amiens^[6][7]), Sardinians, Sicilians and other Italians, French, Germans, and the British.

Immigration from Spain and intermarriage with Spaniards from the surrounding Spanish towns was a constant feature of Gibraltar's history until General Francisco Franco closed the border with Gibraltar, cutting off many Gibraltarians from their relatives on the Spanish side of the frontier. The Spanish socialist government reopened the land frontier, but other restrictions remain in place.

Nationality[link]

Gibraltarians are British, albeit with a distinct identity of their own.

noun: Gibraltarian(s) adjective: Gibraltar

Estimates for 2008 show a small decrease in the proportion of Gibraltarians (81.12%), a significant increase in the ratio of "Other British" (11.09%) and a small increase in the ratio of "Other" (7.79%). No further breakdown is provided in this figure.^[1]

Culture[link]

Gibraltarians, 1856.

Religion[link]

Gibraltarians' main religion is Christianity, with the majority of Gibraltarians belonging to the Roman Catholic Church. Other Christian denominations include the Church of England, the Gibraltar Methodist Church,^[9] Church of Scotland, various Pentecostal and independent churches mostly influenced by the House Church and Charismatic movements, as well as a Plymouth Brethren congregation. There is also a ward of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and Jehovah's Witnesses. There are also a number of Hindu Indians, a Moroccan Muslim population, members of the Bahá'í Faith^[10] and a long-established Jewish community.^[11][12]

Languages[link]

English (used in schools and for official purposes) and Spanish are the main languages of Gibraltar. Most Gibraltarians converse in Llanito, an Andalusian Spanish based creole. It consists of an eclectic mix of Andalusian Spanish and British English as well as languages such as Italian of the Genoese variety, Maltese, Portuguese and Haketia. Among more educated Gibraltarians, it also typically involves code-switching to English. Arabic is spoken by the Moroccan community, just like Hindi and Sindhi are spoken by the Indian community of Gibraltar. Maltese is still spoken by some families of Maltese descent.

References[link]

See also[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: People of Gibraltar

• List of Gibraltarians
• Gibraltarians in the United Kingdom
• Gibraltarian Australian
• Genoese in Gibraltar
• Gibraltarian status
• Demographics of Gibraltar
• History of Nationality in Gibraltar

Links to related articles v t e  Gibraltar topics Buildings, structures and streets City Hall The Convent Dudley Ward Tunnel Garrison Library John Mackintosh Square Main Street Moorish Castle St. Bernard's Hospital Winston Churchill Avenue Communications .gi Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation Gibraltar Chronicle Gibtelecom Panorama Royal Gibraltar Post Office Postage stamps and postal history Postal Orders Study Circle Telephone numbers Culture Cuisine Education Music Llévame Donde Nací Miss Gibraltar National Day Languages English Llanito Demographics Gibraltarian people list in the UK Gibraltarian Australian Environment Climate Birds Mammals Barbary Macaques Reptiles and amphibians Candytuft Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS) Botanic Gardens Wildlife Park Rock of Gibraltar Bay of Gibraltar Catalan Bay Sandy Bay Eastern Beach Gorham's Cave St. Michael's Cave Geology Azores-Gibraltar Transform Fault Gibraltar Arc History Timeline Pillars of Hercules Battle of Gibraltar Capture of Gibraltar George Rooke Treaty of Utrecht Siege of Gibraltar (1727) Great Siege George Augustus Eliott Gibraltar real World War II Nationality Genoese in Gibraltar Maltese in Gibraltar Explosion of the RFA Bedenham Operation Flavius Aurora incident New Flame incident Fedra incident Military British Forces Gibraltar Royal Gibraltar Regiment Gibraltar Squadron RAF Gibraltar Gibraltar Defence Police Royal Gibraltar Police Napier of Magdala Battery National symbols Anthem Coat of arms Official flag other flags Politics Governor Chief Minister Mayor Parliament Speaker Political parties Elections 2000 2003 2007 Sovereignty referendum 1967 2002 Law Court system Gibraltarian status Passport Constitution Order 1969 2006 Disputed status isthmus Black Swan Project controversy LGBT rights Economy Banks Gibraltar pound coins Stock Exchange Tourism Religion Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe Bishop Cathedral of the Holy Trinity Roman Catholicism Diocese Bishop Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned Our Lady of Europe Shrine of Our Lady of Europe Jews and Judaism Great Synagogue Hinduism Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque Methodism St. Andrew's Church Trafalgar Cemetery Sport Commonwealth Games Island Games Basketball Cricket National team Cycling Football GFA National team Petanque Rugby union Campo Gibraltar RUFC Records in athletics Victoria Stadium Transport Gibraltar Airport Vehicle registration plates v t e British people English language Anglosphere Anguillans Ascension Islanders Bermudians British Virgin Islanders Caymanians Chagossians (Îlois) Channel Islanders Cornish English Falkland Islanders Gibraltarians Hong Kongers (British Nationals (Overseas)) Manx Montserratians Northern Irish Orcadians Pitcairn Islanders Saint Helenians Scots Shetlanders Tristan Islanders Turks and Caicos Islanders Welsh British diaspora

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People of Gibraltar, 1863.

Gibraltarians encircle The Rock during the tercentenary of British Gibraltar, 4 August 2004.

The Gibraltarians (also called Llanitos/as, Spanish: Gibraltareños/as) are a cultural group or nation from the British overseas territory of Gibraltar.

The following is a list of notable Gibraltarians or people born in Gibraltar, listed in alphabetical order within categories:

Academics[link]

• Prof Daniella Tilbury (b.1967) University Leader and Professor, Marie Curie international Research Fellow, best known for influencing international policy and practice in the area of sustainable development.

Artists[link]

Actors[link]

• Levy Attias (b. 1924-2010), best known for his role as Juan Cervantes in the ITV British comedy series Mind Your Language.

Conductors[link]

• Karel Mark Chichon (b. 1971), Chief Conductor of the Graz Symphony Orchestra, Conductor Emeritus of the Latvian National Symphony Orchestra and Principal Conductor of the European Sinfonietta and Artistic Director of the Gibraltar Philharmonic Society.

Musicians[link]

• Daniel Bugeja, current Taxi guitarist and former Melon Diesel guitarist.
• Stuart Cavilla, current Breed 77 bassist.
• Peter Chichone, former Breed 77 drummer.
• Surianne Dalmedo, Mediterranean Rock musician and vocalist.
• Danny Felice, current Breed 77 guitarist.
• Dylan Ferro, current Taxi vocalist and former Melon Diesel vocalist.
• Albert Hammond (b. 1944), internationally renowned singer-songwriter.
• Paul Isola, current Breed 77 vocalist.
• Charles Ramirez (b. 1953), professor of guitar at the Royal College of Music.

Painters[link]

• Gustavo Bacarisas (1873–1971)
• Willa Vasquez Serfaty (b. 1954)

Writers[link]

• Henry Francis Cary (1772–1844), author and translator.
• Thomas Finlayson historical researcher and author
• Mary Chiappe

Designers[link]

• John Galliano (b. 1960), four time British fashion designer of the year, former head designer of Dior.[1]

Historians[link]

• Dorothy Ellicott
• Sam Benady
• Tito Benady (b. 1930)
• Tommy Finlayson (b. 1938)
• Lionel Perez (B. 1936)

Media[link]

• Thomas William Bowlby (1818–1860), Correspondent for The Times in Germany and China.
• Davina Camilleri, Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation radio and television presenter.
• Gerard Teuma, Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation radio and television presenter.

Military officers[link]

• Alfred Holmes (1931–1994), Sergeant of the Gibraltar Regiment, officer in charge of the apes.
• Frederick Stanley Maude (1864–1917), General who led the successful campaign in World War I to capture Baghdad over the winter of 1917.
• John Montresor (1736–1799), Military engineer in the British service active in North America, his amorous exploits inspired the best-selling novel Charlotte Temple

Politicians[link]

• Felix Alvarez (b. 1951), founder of the Equality Rights Group.
• Lyana Armstrong-Emery, former leader of the Gibraltar Reform Party.
• Keith Azopardi (b. 1967), leader of the Progressive Democratic Party.
• John Beikie (1766–1839), first clerk of the Executive Council of Upper Canada.
• Joe Bossano (b. 1939), fourth Chief Minister of Gibraltar.
• Adolfo Canepa (b. 1940), third Chief Minister of Gibraltar.
• Peter Caruana QC (b. 1956), fifth Chief Minister of Gibraltar.
• Daniel Feetham (b. 1967), former leader of the Gibraltar Labour Party.
• Joseph Garcia PhD (b. 1967), leader of the Gibraltar Liberal Party.
• Charles Gomez (b. 1959), leader of the New Gibraltar Democracy.
• Sir Joshua Hassan GBE KCMG LVO (1915–1997), first Chief Minister of Gibraltar.
• Peter Isola (b. 1929), former leader of the Democratic Party of British Gibraltar.
• Robert Peliza KBE (born 1920), second Chief Minister of Gibraltar.
• Dr Reggie Valarino (1941–2009), former member of the Gibraltar Democratic Movement.
• Maurice Xiberras, first leader of the Democratic Party of British Gibraltar.

Religious leaders[link]

• Peter Emmanuel Amigo (1864–1949), Roman Catholic bishop in the Catholic Church in England and Wales.
• Michael George Bowen (b. 1930), Prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Served as Archbishop of Southwark and Bishop of Arundel and Brighton.
• Charles Caruana (1932–2010), Roman Catholic Bishop of Gibraltar.
• Edward Stevenson (1820–1897), prominent Mormon missionary and served as a General Authority in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
• Bernard Devlin (d.2010) Roman Catholic Bishop of Gibraltar

Scientists[link]

• Barry Azzopardi MSc PhD (b. 1947), chemical engineer specialising in multiphase flow research. Lady Trent Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Nottingham.
• William George Penney OM KBE (1909–1991), physicist responsible for the development of British nuclear technology following World War II.

Sportspeople[link]

• Ellie Allen, Irish rugby union footballer.
• Jeremy Campbell-Lamerton, Scottish rugby union footballer.
• Amanda Carreras, tennis player and gold medalist at the 2007 Island Games.
• Dominic Carroll, athlete and silver medalist at the 2005 Island Games.
• Peter Dignan (born 1955), New Zealand rower and bronze medalist at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
• Dylan Duo, darts player and qualifyer for the 2010 PDC World Darts Championship.
• Pepe Forbes (1917- ) - Boxing matchmaker
• May Hezlet, golfer, youngest ever winner of the British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship.
• Heloise Mañasco, shooter and gold medalist at the 2005, 2007 Island Games and twice at the 2009 Island Games.
• Tony Macedo Football player who played as a Goalkeeper for Fulham in 1955-1968
• Harry Martinez, shooter and bronze medalist at the 2007 Island Games.
• Andy Norwood, table tennis player and bronze medalist at the 2007 Island Games.
• Jonathon David Patron, shooter and twice bronze medalist at the 2007 Island Games.
• Stephanie Piri, shooter. Gold medalist at the 2009 Island Games, Silver and Bronze medalist at Commonwealth Shooting Championships (European Division) 2008 and Junior Sports Personality of the Year 2009.
• Wayne Piri, shooter. 2 Gold medals at 2009 Island Games.
• Elaine Reyes, swimmer and twice gold medalist at the 2005 Island Games.
• Michael Robert Sanchez (b.1985), athlete and three time gold medalist at the 2005 Island Games.
• Gavin Santos, swimmer and bronze medalist at the 2005 Island Games.
• James Taylor, tennis player and silver medalist at the 2007 Island Games.
• Lee Taylor, athlete and bronze medalist at the 2007 Island Games.
• Daryl Vassallo, athlete gold medalist at the 2003 and 2005 Island Games.
• Henry Wheeler (1840–1908), cricketer who played first-class cricket for Middlesex.
• Edwar Anthony Yome, shooter and bronze medalist at the 2007 Island Games.
• Jamie Zammitt, swimmer and silver medalist at the 2005 Island Games.
• Desmond Baker Swimmer and Waterpolo player

Various[link]

• Kaiane Aldorino (1986- ), Miss Gibraltar and Miss World 2009
• David Pacifico (1784–1854), known as Don Pacifico, key figure in the international crisis known as the Don Pacifico affair.
• Aaron Cardozo, consul for Tunis and Algiers

People of Gibraltarian descent[link]

• Imperio Argentina (1906–2003) daughter of the Antonio Niel, a guitar player from Gibraltar.
• Jo Frost (b. 1970), a nanny and central figure of the reality television programme Supernanny.
• Jude Gomila (b. 1984), co-founder of Heyzap.com 2009
• Albert Hammond, Jr. (b. 1980), current guitarist of The Strokes.
• Rita Hayworth, born Margarita Cansino, Hollywood Actress
• Hector and Cordella Victor parents of Gibraltar's first and only quadruplets bgbb born on the 9th of Dec 1993.

People born in Gibraltar during the Spanish period[link]

Prior to its capture in 1704 by the British, there were 4,000 inhabitants of Gibraltar, all but 70 of whom fled to the surrounding Campo de Gibraltar.^[1] Some notable people born in Gibraltar prior to British rule include:

• Simón Susarte - Spanish goatherd that guided a Spanish contingent over the Rock in the 1704 Franco-Spanish siege.
• Diego de Astorga y Céspedes (1663–1734) - Catholic Archbishop of Toledo and Grand Inquisitor
• Juan Romero de Figueroa (1646–1720) - Spanish Catholic priest in charge of the church of St. Mary the Crowned when the town was captured in 1704.
• Gonzalo Piña Ludueña (1545–1600) - Spanish conquistador in Venezuela. Founder of San Antonio de Gibraltar in 1592.
• Juan Mateos (?-1594) - Founder of Gibraltar's first hospital.
• Alonso Hernández del Portillo (1543–1624) - The first historian of Gibraltar

People born in Gibraltar during the Moorish period[link]

• Ayyad ben Moussa (1083–1149) - One of the most famous scholars of Maliki law

People of Gibraltar descent (prior to British rule)[link]

• Luis Daoíz (1767–1808), one of the heroes of the Dos de Mayo Uprising

See also[link]

• Gibraltarian people
• Gibraltarian status
• Demographics of Gibraltar
• History of Nationality in Gibraltar

References[link]

1. ^ Gold, Peter (2005). Gibraltar: British or Spanish?. Routledge. p. 2. 

Links to related articles v t e  Gibraltar topics Buildings, structures and streets City Hall The Convent Dudley Ward Tunnel Garrison Library John Mackintosh Square Main Street Moorish Castle St. Bernard's Hospital Winston Churchill Avenue Communications .gi Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation Gibraltar Chronicle Gibtelecom Panorama Royal Gibraltar Post Office Postage stamps and postal history Postal Orders Study Circle Telephone numbers Culture Cuisine Education Music Llévame Donde Nací Miss Gibraltar National Day Languages English Llanito Demographics Gibraltarian people list in the UK Gibraltarian Australian Environment Climate Birds Mammals Barbary Macaques Reptiles and amphibians Candytuft Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS) Botanic Gardens Wildlife Park Rock of Gibraltar Bay of Gibraltar Catalan Bay Sandy Bay Eastern Beach Gorham's Cave St. Michael's Cave Geology Azores-Gibraltar Transform Fault Gibraltar Arc History Timeline Pillars of Hercules Battle of Gibraltar Capture of Gibraltar George Rooke Treaty of Utrecht Siege of Gibraltar (1727) Great Siege George Augustus Eliott Gibraltar real World War II Nationality Genoese in Gibraltar Maltese in Gibraltar Explosion of the RFA Bedenham Operation Flavius Aurora incident New Flame incident Fedra incident Military British Forces Gibraltar Royal Gibraltar Regiment Gibraltar Squadron RAF Gibraltar Gibraltar Defence Police Royal Gibraltar Police Napier of Magdala Battery National symbols Anthem Coat of arms Official flag other flags Politics Governor Chief Minister Mayor Parliament Speaker Political parties Elections 2000 2003 2007 Sovereignty referendum 1967 2002 Law Court system Gibraltarian status Passport Constitution Order 1969 2006 Disputed status isthmus Black Swan Project controversy LGBT rights Economy Banks Gibraltar pound coins Stock Exchange Tourism Religion Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe Bishop Cathedral of the Holy Trinity Roman Catholicism Diocese Bishop Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned Our Lady of Europe Shrine of Our Lady of Europe Jews and Judaism Great Synagogue Hinduism Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque Methodism St. Andrew's Church Trafalgar Cemetery Sport Commonwealth Games Island Games Basketball Cricket National team Cycling Football GFA National team Petanque Rugby union Campo Gibraltar RUFC Records in athletics Victoria Stadium Transport Gibraltar Airport Vehicle registration plates v t e British people English language Anglosphere Anguillans Ascension Islanders Bermudians British Virgin Islanders Caymanians Chagossians (Îlois) Channel Islanders Cornish English Falkland Islanders Gibraltarians Hong Kongers (British Nationals (Overseas)) Manx Montserratians Northern Irish Orcadians Pitcairn Islanders Saint Helenians Scots Shetlanders Tristan Islanders Turks and Caicos Islanders Welsh British diaspora

Kaiane Aldorino GMH

Beauty pageant titleholder
Miss World 2009, Kaiane Aldorino at the Shanghai Expo, 10 August 2010
Born	Kaiane Aldorino (1986-07-08) 8 July 1986 (age 25) Gibraltar
Occupation	Human resources clerk
Height	1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)
Hair color	Brown
Eye color	Brown
Title(s)	Miss Gibraltar 2009 Miss World 2009
Major competition(s)	Miss Gibraltar 2009 (Winner) Miss World 2009 (Winner) (Miss World Europe) (Miss World Beach Beauty)

Kaiane Aldorino, GMH (born 8 July 1986) is a Gibraltarian beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Gibraltar 2009 and Miss World the same year in Johannesburg, South Africa.^[1] She was the first Miss Gibraltar ever to reach the semifinals of the Miss World beauty pageant.^[2]