Flow network

In graph theory, a flow network (also known as a transportation network) is a directed graph where each edge has a capacity and each edge receives a flow. The amount of flow on an edge cannot exceed the capacity of the edge. Often in operations research, a directed graph is called a network. The vertices are called nodes and the edges are called arcs. A flow must satisfy the restriction that the amount of flow into a node equals the amount of flow out of it, unless it is a source, which has only outgoing flow, or sink, which has only incoming flow. A network can be used to model traffic in a road system, circulation with demands, fluids in pipes, currents in an electrical circuit, or anything similar in which something travels through a network of nodes.

Definition

Let be a finite directed graph in which every edge has a non-negative, real-valued capacity . If , we assume that . We distinguish two vertices: a source s and a sink t. A flow in a flow network is a real function with the following three properties for all nodes u and v:

Network Ten

Network Ten (commonly known as Channel Ten or simply Ten, stylised as TEN), is an Australian commercial broadcasting network owned by Ten Network Holdings, and is headquartered in Pyrmont, New South Wales. It is the third Australian free-to-air television network to make its debut after Nine Network in 1956 and Seven Network in 1956. It first aired on August 1, 1964 in Melbourne. Network Ten is the fourth of all the five national free-to-air networks in Australia, after the ABC. Its owned-and-operated stations can be found in the capital cities of Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth, while affiliates extend the network to cover most of the country. The channel's name became a backronym for "The Entertainment Network" during the early-1990s.

History

Origins

From the introduction of TV in 1956 until 1965 there were only two commercial television networks in Australia, the National Television Network (now the Nine Network) and the Australian Television Network (now the Seven Network), as well as the public Australian Broadcasting Corporation (then Commission). In the early 1960s, the federal government began canvassing the idea of licensing a third commercial television station in each capital city. This decision was seen by some as a way for the government to defuse growing public dissatisfaction with the dominance of imported overseas programming and the paucity of local content. The first of these "third" licences was granted to United Telecasters Sydney was granted on 4 April 1963.

Token ring

Token ring local area network (LAN) technology is a communications protocol for local area networks. It uses a special three-byte frame called a "token" that travels around a logical "ring" of workstations or servers. This token passing is a channel access method providing fair access for all stations, and eliminating the collisions of contention-based access methods.

Introduced by IBM in 1984, it was then standardized with protocol IEEE 802.5 and was fairly successful, particularly in corporate environments, but gradually eclipsed by the later versions of Ethernet.

(The main focus of this article is the IBM/IEEE 802.5 version, but there were several other earlier implementations of token rings).

History

A wide range of different local area network technologies were developed in the early 1970s, of which one, the Cambridge Ring had demonstrated the potential of a token passing ring topology.

At the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory Werner Bux and Hans Müller in particular worked on the design and development of IBM's token ring technology.

Venus Smiles

"Venus Smiles" is a short story by British author J. G. Ballard. Originally titled "Mobile", it appeared in the June 1957 edition of Science Fantasy (Volume 8, Number 23). It was then rewritten and appeared in the Vermilion Sands (1971) collection under its new name and later The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard (2006).

Like the rest of the Vermilion Sands collection, this story takes place in the fictional desert town of Vermilion Sands, and also features exotic technology.

Plot

"Venus Smiles" concerns the events surrounding a musical sculpture commissioned to be placed in the centre of Vermilion Sands. On the day of the unveiling, the statue causes outrage with the public—as well as being aesthetically unpleasing, the music emitted from the sculpture tends to lean towards middle-eastern style quarter tones that is unpleasing to the ear. Instead of being scrapped, Mr Hamilton, one of the board members who commissioned it, decides to follow the wishes of the woman who sculpted it, and take it back to his home that he shares with his secretary.

Global (cutlery)

Global (often written in all capitalized letters as GLOBAL) is a brand of cutlery products made by Yoshikin of Japan. Their selection of knives are known for their distinctive one piece, molybdenum/vanadium stainless steel design. These are considered premium level products with a single knife often costing upwards of $100 (USD). Global products can often be found at specialty cooking retailers.

Compared to conventional European knives such as PUMA,J. A. Henckels or Wusthof, Global knives are made from a significantly harder alloy of steel, use a thinner blade thickness, and are ground to a narrower angle. This produces an extremely sharp knife which keeps its edge longer and allows for more accurate work, but takes longer to sharpen when it becomes dull. Because of this, the manufacturer recommends using whetstones and ceramic sharpening rods as opposed to the European sharpening steel. In addition, Global knives are renowned for their surprisingly light weight and even balance, a trait achieved by hollowing out the handle during production.

Bombardier Global 7000

The Bombardier Global 7000 and Global 8000 are ultra long-range corporate and VIP high speed jet aircraft under development by Bombardier Aerospace. The program has been delayed by 24 months, although some clients are delayed by up to 36 months. Entry into service for the Global 7000 is expected in 2018, and the Global 8000 in 2019.

Design and development

Global 7000

The Global 7000 is planned to have a four-zone cabin, with a volume of 2,637 cu.ft. (74.67 cu.m.), 20 percent than the cabin of the current model. The aircraft is planned to have a high-speed cruise of Mach 0.90 and a range of 7,300 nmi (13,520 km) at Mach 0.85. It will be powered by the next-generation General Electric Passport 20 16,500 lbf (73 kN) thrust engine to deliver efficiency and emissions advantages,expected to show reduced NOx emissions and an eight per cent increase in overall fuel efficiency when compared to the industry leading Global Express XRS aircraft. It is planned to be able to fly from London to Kuala Lumpur, New York to Dubai, or Beijing to Washington non-stop with 10 passengers. Entry into service is scheduled for 2018.Formula One Austrian driver Niki Lauda, a long time brand ambassador for Bombardier, announced placing an order for this model ahead of EBACE 2015 convention.

Bombardier Global Express

The Bombardier Global Express is a large cabin, ultra long range business jet manufactured by Bombardier Aerospace in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. There are currently three variants in active service — the original Global Express, Global 5000 & Global 6000 — and two more under development — the Global 7000 & Global 8000. The Global Express has been modified for military missions, such as the Raytheon Sentinel and the United States Air Force E-11A. The Global Express can fly intercontinental ranges without refuelling (e.g. New York–Tokyo) or between most two points in the world with only one stop. In this class the Global Express competes with the Airbus Corporate Jet, Boeing Business Jet and Gulfstream G550/650.

Design and development

Bombardier Aerospace began studies in 1991 and the aircraft was officially launched in 1993. The first flight occurred on October 13, 1996. The Global Express shares the Canadair / Bombardier Regional Jet's fuselage cross section and is similar in length, but despite the size similarities the two aircraft are very different due to the nature of their roles. The Global Express features an advanced all new supercritical airfoil with a 35° sweep and winglets, plus a new T-tail. The aircraft is powered by two BMW RollsRoyce BR-710 turbofans with FADEC. The advanced flightdeck features a six screen Honeywell Primus 2000 XP EFIS suite and is offered with optional heads-up displays.