Southdale Center

View of the center court
Location	Edina, Minnesota United States
Coordinates	44°52′50″N 93°19′34″W / 44.88056°N 93.32611°W / 44.88056; -93.32611Coordinates: 44°52′50″N 93°19′34″W / 44.88056°N 93.32611°W / 44.88056; -93.32611
Address	6901 France Avenue South
Opening date	October 8, 1956
Developer	Dayton Company (now Target Corporation)
Owner	Simon Property Group
Architect	Victor Gruen Associates
No. of stores and services	120+
No. of anchor tenants	4
Total retail floor area	1,300,000 sq ft (120,000 m2)
Parking	Parking lot, parking garage
No. of floors	4
Website	Official website

Southdale Center, commonly known as just Southdale, is a shopping mall in Edina, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis, which opened in 1956. It is the United States' oldest fully enclosed, climate-controlled mall.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]} As of 2011, much of the original Southdale structure is still in use, as well as later additions to the building.

Three similarly named shopping centers were also opened in the Twin Cities area: Brookdale Center (opened 1962) in Brooklyn Center, Rosedale Center (opened 1969) in Roseville, and Ridgedale Center (opened 1974) in Minnetonka.

History[link]

Southdale Center is the world's first indoor shopping center. It was developed by the Dayton Company and designed by Victor Gruen, an Austrian immigrant.^[8] Gruen was a European style socialist; he hated the suburban lifestyle of 1950s America and wanted to design a building that would bring people together into a community, by providing a meeting place that American towns lacked. They would come together to shop, drink coffee, and socialize. He modeled Southdale on the arcades of European cities,^[9] although his original vision was never achieved. Gruen also saw the mall as the center of a community. When he first drew up the plans for Southdale, he placed the shopping center at the heart of a 463 acre (1.9 km²) development, complete with apartment buildings, houses, schools, a medical center, a park, and a lake. Southdale, in Gruen's opinion, was not a suburban alternative to downtown Minneapolis. It was the Minneapolis downtown you would get if you started over and corrected all the mistakes that were made the first time around. Gruen planned for an atmosphere of leisure, excitement, and intimacy to be created. To achieve this he placed works of art, decorative lighting, fountains, tropical plants, and flowers throughout the mall.

Southdale features a very wide central space, which its designer originally intended for communal gatherings

Groundbreaking for Southdale took place on October 29, 1954. 800 construction workers were needed to construct the two-story, 800,000 ft² (74,000 m²) center, complete with 5,200 parking spaces and 72 spaces for tenants and cost $20 million.^[10] The mall was developed by the Dayton Company, owners of Dayton's department store in Minneapolis and predecessor to the Target Corporation. A branch of Dayton's would anchor the mall along with Donaldson's, Walgreens Pharmacy and Woolworth.

The mall officially opened on October 8, 1956, and had 40,000 visitors that first day.^[8]

It was envisioned that Southdale would become the central gathering place not only for the residents of the city of Edina, but also for the greater Twin Cities area. Southdale was designed from the viewpoint of the future. The creators of the center understood that in the future, consumers would demand convenience and variety; as a result, the mall was designed to provide many useful services all under one roof. These services included everything from a Post Office, to a grocery store, to an upscale apparel store and even a small zoo. Other intentions would take hold, though, and the construction of the IDS Center and its attached Crystal Court would shift attention back to downtown Minneapolis.

Over the years, Southdale has hosted gem, boat, and fine art shows, and also served as host for charity and community events. Southdale was the host-site for an episode of the popular game show Truth or Consequences.

Southdale today[link]

Southdale Center boasts close to 1,300,000 square feet (120,000 m²) of space throughout the original building and later additions. Dayton's original store was gutted in 1991 and turned into more mall space, as a new Dayton's was added. It would convert to Marshall Field's in 2001, and to Macy's in 2006. Donaldson's later housed a Carson Pirie Scott, then a Mervyns; this space, spanning 179,090 square feet (16,638 m²) on four levels, was left vacant after Mervyns closed in 2004. The space remained unoccupied until January 2011 when decisions were made to fill 133,000 square feet (12,400 m²) of the 179,000-square-foot (16,600 m²) the vacancy with a Herberger's store. ^[11] The store opened November 9th, 2011. ^[12]

In 2002, Southdale Center took on a new look with the completion of two projects: Trendz On Top, an area composed of stores aiming toward teenagers, and The District on France comprises retail, entertainment, and dining. Plans for the mall's continuing 2011 renovation include a new six-tenant food court on the second floor of the JCPenney wing.^[13]

Southdale’s anchor tenants currently include AMC Theatres, JCPenney, Macy's, Herberger's and Marshalls.

Southdale hosted a premiere of the Will Smith film "Seven Pounds" on December 12, 2008, which Smith himself came to after first speaking at a local school and visiting a children's hospital.

Anchors[link]

• Herberger's
• JCPenney
• Macy's
• Marshalls

Former anchors[link]

• Dayton's which changed to Marshall Field's and is now Macy's
• Donaldson's which changed to Carson Pirie Scott which changed to Mervyn's and is now Herberger's
• Walgreens (remodeled into other stores)
• Woolworth's (remodeled into other stores)

Entertainment[link]

• AMC Theaters (Level 1 & 2)

See also[link]

• Mall of America, located in nearby Bloomington, MN, is the largest shopping mall in the United States.^[14] To an extent, the construction of the Mall of America was an impetus for the expansion and remodeling of Southdale Center, as owners worried that Southdale's business would suffer as a consequence of the opening of the former.

References[link]

1. ^ http://www.simon.com/about_simon/leasing/LocalMall.aspx?ID=1249 southdale.com
2. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20080215021538/http://www.easternct.edu/depts/amerst/MallsHistory.htm
3. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20080114023316/www.mnhs.org/library/tips/history_topics/72southdale.html
4. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20061112042530/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2006/10/04/southdale/
5. ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20070927050145/http://ci.edina.mn.us/PDFs/AboutTown/L4-91_AboutTown_2007Winter.pdf
6. ^ "From Settlement to Suburb: The History of Edina, Minnesota" by Paul D. Hesterman (1988)
7. ^ "Shopping Towns, USA: The Planning of Shopping Centers" by Victor Gruen and Larry Smith (1960)
8. ^ ^{a b} "40,000 Visitors See New Stores; Weather-Conditioned Shopping Center Opens". The New York Times. October 9, 1956. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70D1FFC3D5E147B93CBA9178BD95F428585F9. Retrieved March 10, 2010. 
9. ^ " Retailing Birth, death and shopping", The Economist, 19 December 2007
10. ^ Malcolm Gladwell, The Terrazzo Jungle, The New Yorker, March 15, 2004, Accessed June 12, 2009.
11. ^ [1], Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal
12. ^ [2], Minnesota Star Tribune.
13. ^ [3], CBS Minnesota.
14. ^ Largest Shopping Malls in the United States

External links[link]

• Official Southdale Website
• The New Yorker on Gruen and Southdale
• James Lileks' "Flotsam Cave" (features vintage photos of the mall)
• The indoor mall turns 50.