2K6 Luna
2P16 TEL with 3R9 missile
Type	artillery rocket system
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1960-1982 (USSR)
Production history
Designer	NII-1 and TsNII-58
Produced	1960-1964
Number built	432 SPU 2P16
Variants	3R10 (nuclear) (FROG-5), 3R9 (HE) (FROG-3)
Specifications
Crew	5
Maximum range	45 km (28 mi) (3R9)
Warhead	High explosive, nuclear
Engine	RDTT 3Zh6
Guidance system	ballistic
Launch platform	2P16 (PT-76-based)

The 2K6 Luna (Russian: Луна; English: moon) is a Soviet short-range ballistic missile complex. Luna rockets are solid-fuel, unguided and spin-stabilized. "2K6" is its GRAU designation. Its NATO reporting names are FROG-3 (with 3R9 missile) and FROG-5 (with 3R10 missile). From 1965, the 2K6 Luna was replaced by the far more successful 9K52 Luna-M.

Design history[link]

The Luna system was developed in NII-1 from 1953, under the supervision of N. P. Mazurov. Luna followed the earlier designs 2K1 Mars and 2K4 Filin. While NII-1 was responsible for the rocket, the launch and transporter-loader vehicles were designed by TsNII-58. The initial system name was S-125A "Pion".^[1] In 1957 the prototypes of the launch vehicle (SPU S-123A on Ob'yekt 160 chassis), the transloader (TZM S-124A on Ob'yekt 161 chassis) and the 3R5 rocket were ready for evaluations. These were carried out in 1958 in Kapustin Yar and in 1959 in the Transbaikal Military District. As a result of these evaluations, it was decided to abandon the TZM, to improve the SPU and to redesign the rocket. This led to the development of the 3R9 and 3R10 rockets. The decission to start series production was taken on 29 December 1959. The first 5 systems were ready in January 1960 after which the state acceptance trials were carried out until March of that same year. In 1960 the Luna system entered service with the Soviet Army where it remained until 1982.^[2] From 1960 till 1964, a total of 432 SPU 2P16s was produced. In the first year alone, 80 launch vehicles and 365 rockets were finished.^[3]

System description[link]

The missile complex consisted of ^[4]

• the launch vehicle SPU 2P16 (Ob'yekt 160), based on a modified PT-76B chassis with return rollers and fitted with a launch rail, elevation mechanism, stabilizing jacks and a generator. Combat weight was 18 t;
• the rocket 3R9 with conventional HE warhead 3N15 and with a range of 12 to 44.6 km,
• the rocket 3R10 with a 400 kg nuclear warhead 3N14 and with a range of 10 to 32.1 km;
• a missile transporter 2U663 based on the ZiL-157V with 2 missiles;
• a vehicle 2U662 to transport and store nuclear warheads;
• a mobile crane ADK K52 (on MAZ-502), ADK K61 (on MAZ-200) or 9T31 (on Ural-375);
• sets of maintenance vehicles PRTB-1, 2U659 etc.;
• control and command vehicle PU-2 and
• a training set with training rocket PV-65 or 3R11 with training warhead 3N16.

There have been a couple of variants of the launch vehicle, for example the 2P21 a.k.a. Br-226-II on ZiL-134 8x8 truck, but these never entered service.

The FROG-6 is, according to Western sources^[5] the NATO designator for the truck-based training system PV-65. Russian sources^[6] however claim that this system is the prototype of the Br-226-I launch vehicle on KrAZ-214.

Operational history[link]

Luna has entered service in 1960 and remained in service with the Soviet Army until 1982. Each Motorised Rifle and Tank Division had one Rocket Battalion with two batteries, each with two 2P16s.^[7] During the Cuban missile crisis 12 2K6 complexes were located in Cuba.

Operators[link]

•  North Korea - 24 TELs for Luna and Luna-M^[8]

former operators[link]

•  Soviet Union - 200 2P16^[9]
•  Cuba - 65 2P16^[10]
•  East Germany - 13 2P16 from 1962-1977^[11]
•  Poland^[12]
•  Romania^[13]

References[link]

1. ^ Solyankin, A.G.; Zheltov, I.G.; Kudryashov, K.N. (2010). Otechestvenniye Bronirovanniye Mashiny - XX Vek, Tom 3: 1946-1965. OOO "Tsejkhgauz". p. 530-533. ISBN 978-5-9771-0106-6
2. ^ http://military.tomsk.ru/blog/topic-189.html
3. ^ Solyankin, A.G.; Zheltov, I.G.; Kudryashov, K.N. (2010). Otechestvenniye Bronirovanniye Mashiny - XX Vek, Tom 3: 1946-1965. OOO "Tsejkhgauz". p. 530-533. ISBN 978-5-9771-0106-6
4. ^ http://military.tomsk.ru/blog/topic-189.html
5. ^ Steven J. Zaloga - The Scud and other Russian Ballistic Missile Vehicles - Concord Publications Company #7037 - ISBN 962-361-675-9
6. ^ http://military.tomsk.ru/blog/topic-189.html
7. ^ http://military.tomsk.ru/blog/topic-189.html
8. ^ The Military Balance 2010
9. ^ Steven J. Zaloga - The Scud and other Russian Ballistic Missile Vehicles - Concord Publications Company #7037 - ISBN 962-361-675-9
10. ^ The Military Balance 1979-1980
11. ^ Gau L-R., Plate J., Siegert J. (2001) Deutsche Militärfahrzeuge - Bundeswehr und NVA. Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-613-02152-8
12. ^ Steven J. Zaloga - The Scud and other Russian Ballistic Missile Vehicles - Concord Publications Company #7037 - ISBN 962-361-675-9
13. ^ Steven J. Zaloga - The Scud and other Russian Ballistic Missile Vehicles - Concord Publications Company #7037 - ISBN 962-361-675-9

External links[link]

• Military analysis network: FROG-3
• 2K6 Luna on Military Russia (in Russian)
• Walkaround of 2P16 with 3R9 rocket in Saratov, on DishModels.ru

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 2K6 Luna

Look up Luna or luna in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Luna most often refers to:

• The Latin name for the Moon, Earth's only natural satellite
• Luna, the Roman incarnation of Selene, a goddess and the personified Moon in Greek mythology
• Luna (name), a given name and surname (includes a list of people and characters with the name Luna)

Luna may also refer to:

Organizations[link]

• Luna (XM), XM Radio channel 95
• KLNN or Luna radio, a U.S. FM radio station
• RTV Luna, a television and radio company in Montenegro
• Radio Luna, a radio station in Montenegro
• Luna Publications, a literary publishing company in Toronto, Canada
• Luna Innovations, a company based in Virginia, USA
• Luna Park, various amusement parks
• Luna Lounge, a bar formerly at Ludlow Street, Manhattan, now located at Williamsburg, Brooklyn

Science and technology[link]

• Luna programme, a series of Soviet unmanned space missions
• FROG-7 or Luna, a Soviet artillery rocket
• Luna X 2000, a German unmanned aerial vehicle
• Nokia 8600 Luna, a mobile phone
• Luna a personal robot made by RoboDynamics

Computers[link]

• LUNA, a computer product line of OMRON Tateishi Electric
• Luna (theme), the codename for the default theme of Windows XP

Biology[link]

• Luna (tree), a California Redwood tree
• Luna (killer whale) (1999–2006), Orca who lived in Nootka Sound between 2001 and 2006
• Luna moth or Actias luna, a lime-green North American silk moth

Places[link]

Europe[link]

• Luna (Etruria), a city in ancient Etruria (now Italy) destroyed by the Arabs in 1016
• Luna, Cluj, a commune in Cluj County, Romania
• Luna, a village in Negreşti-Oaş town, Satu Mare County, Romania
• Luna River or Lonea River, Romania
• Luna, Zaragoza, a municipality in the province of Zaragoza, Spain
• Roverè della Luna, Italy
• Luna forest, a forest on the north bank of the Danube according to Ptolemy

United States and Canada[link]

• Luna, New Mexico, in Catron County
• Luna County, New Mexico
• Luna Peak (disambiguation), two North American mountains
• Luna Island, an island in New York that is adjacent to the Niagara Falls
• Luna Lake, Arizona, a natural body of water
• Luna Pier, Michigan, a small city

Philippines[link]

• Luna, Apayao
• Luna, Isabela
• Luna, La Union

Others[link]

• Luna, Rajasthan, India

Music[link]

• Luna (band), a New York based alternative rock band
• Luna (Boston band), a 1970s rock and roll band from Boston, Massachusetts
• Luna (Serbian band), a 1980s post/punk/gothic rock band from Novi Sad, Serbia
• Luna (Serbian pop group), a male/female pop group from Serbia
• Luna (singer) (born 1993), member of a South Korean girl group
• Luna, bass guitarist in Chrome Division
• Luna Guitars, a guitar manufacturer
• Luna (National Product album), 2007
• Luna (The Aliens album), 2008
• Luna (Ana Gabriel album), 1993
• Luna, a 2004 album by Claudia Acuña
• Luna, a 2008 album by Tomasz Budzyński
• "Luna" (song), a 2008 song by Eddy Lover from Perdóname
• "Luna", a song by Juanes from Un Día Normal
• "Luna", a song by Arisa Mizuki from Arisa
• "Luna", a song by Moonspell from Memorial
• "Luna", a song by Tom Petty and The Heartbreakers from their self titled debut album
• "Luna", a song by The Smashing Pumpkins from Siamese Dream
• "Luna", a song by Don Omar
• "Luna", a song by Omnia
• "Luna", a song by Alessandro Safina
• "Luna", a song by Zoé from their album Reptilectric

Transportation[link]

• Luna (vehicle), a moped produced in India
• MV Luna a passenger ship of the Neptun Line, Germany built in 1938
• Luna (tugboat), a historic tugboat in Boston, Massachusetts
• Luna (rocket), carrier rockets used by the Soviet Union

Other uses[link]

• Luna, a small vessel which holds the Host in a monstrance
• Luna Gotra, a sub-tribe of the Chadhar clan, located in Punjab, Pakistan
• LUNA bar, an energy bar marketed to women by Clif Bar & Co
• Luna (footballer) (born 1971), Spanish former professional footballer

Fiction[link]

• Luna (TV series), a 1983-84 UK children's TV show
• Luna (novel), a 2004 novel by Julie Anne Peters
• Luna (Odier novel), a 1979 novel by Delacorta
• Luna, a 1995 Spanish film by Alejandro Amenábar
• Luna class starship, a type of starship in Star Trek: Titan
• Lunar: Silver Star Story Complete
• Luna City, fictional Moon colony in novels by Robert A. Heinlein and others
• Princess Luna, a character in My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic

See also[link]

• La Lunatica, in the Marvel Comics universe
• Lunamaria Hawke from the Gundam Seed Destiny series
• Lunawebs, a web agency in Salt Lake City, Utah
• Lunae
• Lunatic
• Luna Park (disambiguation)
• La Luna (disambiguation)
• Lunas (disambiguation)
• Lune (disambiguation)
• Lunacy (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.