Look up ache in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Ache may refer to:

• Ache, a chronic, painful sensation
• Ache (album), a You've Got Foetus on Your Breath album
• "Ache" (song), a song by No Doubt
• Ache Records, a Vancouver-based record label
• The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE)
• Ache, a street name for black tar heroin

See also[link]

• Aché, an indigenous ethnic group of eastern Paraguay
• AChE, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Rosanne Cash
Background information
Birth name	Rosanne Cash
Born	(1955-05-24) May 24, 1955 (age 57)
Origin	Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.
Genres	Country, rock, folk, blues
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, author
Instruments	Vocals, guitar
Years active	1978–present
Labels	Ariola Columbia Capitol Manhattan
Associated acts	Johnny Cash, Rodney Crowell, Emmylou Harris, Juice Newton, Dolly Parton
Website	Official website

Rosanne Cash (born May 24, 1955) is an American singer-songwriter and author. She is the eldest daughter of country music icon Johnny Cash and his first wife, Vivian Liberto Cash Distin.

Although Cash is often classified as a country artist, her music draws on many genres, including folk, pop, rock and blues. In the 1980s, she had a string of chart-topping singles, which crossed musical genres and landed on both C&W and Top 100 charts, the most commercially successful being her 1981 breakthrough hit "Seven Year Ache", which topped the U.S. country singles charts and reached the Top 30 on the U.S. pop singles charts. In 1990, Cash released Interiors, a spare, introspective album which signaled a break from her pop country past. The following year Cash ended her marriage and moved from Nashville to New York City, where she continues to write, record and perform. Since 1991 she has released five albums, written two books and edited a collection of short stories. Her fiction and essays have been published in The New York Times, Rolling Stone, The Oxford-American, New York Magazine, and various other periodicals and collections.

She won a Grammy in 1985 for "I Don't Know Why You Don't Want Me", and has received nine other Grammy nominations. She has had 11 #1 country hit singles, 21 Top 40 country singles and two gold records.

She was portrayed, as a youngster, by Hailey Anne Nelson in Walk the Line, the 2005 Academy-award winning film of her father's life.

Early life[link]

Cash was born in Memphis, Tennessee in 1955, just as father Johnny was recording his first tracks at Sun Records.^[1] The family moved to California in 1958, first to Los Angeles, then Ventura, where Cash and her sisters were raised by mother Vivian. (Vivian and Johnny separated in the early 1960s^[2] and divorced in 1966.) After graduating from high school, she joined her father's road show for two and a half years, first as a wardrobe assistant,^[3] then as a background vocalist and occasional soloist.^[4] In 1976, Cash briefly worked for CBS Records in London before returning to Nashville to study English and drama at Vanderbilt University, then relocated to Los Angeles to study at the Lee Strasberg Theatre Institute in Hollywood.^[5] She recorded a demo in January 1978 with Emmylou Harris' songwriter/sideman Rodney Crowell, which led to a full album with German label Ariola Records.^[5]

Music career[link]

Cash at an outdoor concert in 2009

1978–1980: First American release[link]

Her self-titled debut album was recorded in 1978, but Ariola never released it in the United States, and it has since become a collector's item. Mainly recorded and produced in Munich, Germany with German-based musicians, it also included three tracks recorded in Nashville and produced by Crowell.^[6] Though Cash was unhappy with the album, it attracted the attention of Columbia Records, who offered her a recording contract.^[7] She began playing with Crowell's band The Cherry Bombs in California clubs. Crowell and Cash married in 1979,^[3] and Cash started work on her first Columbia LP.

The album, Right or Wrong, was released in early 1980,^[8] and produced three Top 25 singles.^[6] The first, "No Memories Hangin' Around", a duet with country singer Bobby Bare, reached 17 on the Country Singles chart in 1979. It was followed by "Couldn't Do Nothin' Right" and "Take Me, Take Me" in 1980.^[9] Cash, pregnant with her first child, was unable to tour in support of the album, which was nevertheless a critical success.^[8] Cash and Crowell moved to Nashville in 1981.

1981–1989: Critical and commercial success[link]

Cash's career picked up considerable momentum with the release of her second album, Seven Year Ache, in 1981. The album achieved critical raves and solid sales, and the title track was a #1 hit on the Billboard Country Chart, and crossed over to the Billboard Pop Chart, peaking at #22. The album yielded two additional #1 country hits, "My Baby Thinks He's a Train" and "Blue Moon with Heartache",^[8] and was certified Gold by the RIAA.

Cash's third album, Somewhere in the Stars (1982), was considered a disappointment after the commercial success of Seven Year Ache.^[5] The album still reached the Top 100 of the U.S. pop album charts, and included three U.S. country chart singles, "Ain't No Money", "I Wonder" and "It Hasn't Happened Yet".^[10] Cash struggled with substance abuse during this time, and in 1984 she sought medical treatment.^[8]

After a three-year hiatus, Cash released her fourth studio album, Rhythm & Romance (1985), which yielded two #1 hits, "I Don't Know Why You Don't Want Me" and "Never Be You", and two other Country Top 10 singles, "Hold On" and "Second to No One". Rhythm & Romance drew high critical praise for its fusion of country and pop.^[4] "I Don't Know Why You Don't Want Me" won the 1985 Grammy award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance; "Hold On" won the 1987 Robert J. Burton Award from BMI as the Most Performed Song of the Year.^[5]

In the '80s, Cash curtailed her touring for childbearing and raising a family (three daughters with Crowell, as well as Crowell's daughter by his first marriage, Hannah). She continued to record and in 1987 released the most critically acclaimed album of her career, King's Record Shop.^[11] It spawned four #1 hits, including a cover version of her father's "Tennessee Flat Top Box", John Hiatt's "The Way We Make a Broken Heart", "If You Change Your Mind", John Stewart's "Runaway Train", and became Cash's second gold album. In 1988 Cash recorded a duet with Crowell, "It's Such a Small World" (released on his Diamonds & Dirt album), which also went to #1 on the country charts, and Cash was named Billboard's Top Singles Artist of the year.^[5]

In 1989, Columbia released her first compilation album, Hits 1979–1989. The album yielded two new hit singles, the Beatles cover "I Don't Want to Spoil the Party", which landed at #1 on the Billboard country charts, and "Black and White", which earned Cash her fifth Grammy nomination.^[6]

1990–1995: Break up, relocation[link]

In 1990, Cash released the critically acclaimed, deeply personal Interiors. Cash produced herself for the first time, and wrote or co-wrote all the songs. "Her brutally dark take on intimate relationships was reflected throughout and made clear the marital problems that had been hinted at on earlier albums."^[3] "Highly autobiographical (though Cash has often insisted it isn't quite as true to life as everyone assumes), Interiors was a brilliant, introspective album"^[12] and "her masterpiece".^[13] Other critics called it "maudlin"^[5] and "pessimistic".^[10] Interiors topped many best album lists in 1990,^[12] and received a Grammy award nomination for Best Contemporary Folk Album. It yielded one Top 40 single ("What We Really Want"), and marked the beginning of sharp commercial decline for Cash.

Though it may have been inspired by the breakup of her marriage, it also signified her departure from Nashville and its country music establishment. In 1991 Cash relocated to New York City; in 1992, she and Crowell divorced.^[6] The Wheel, released in 1993, was "an unflinchingly confessional examination of the marriage's failure that ranked as her most musically diverse effort to date".^[4] The album was Cash's last for Columbia Records. It received considerable acclaim from critics, though neither of its two singles, "The Wheel" or "You Won't Let Me In", charted.

1995–present: New York, new albums and books[link]

Cash at the 2010 Brooklyn Book Festival to discuss her writing

Cash settled in lower Manhattan, and in 1995 married producer/songwriter/guitarist John Leventhal, with whom she had co-produced The Wheel. She signed with Capitol Records, and in 1996 released 10 Song Demo, a collection of stark home recordings with minimal accompaniment. She also pursued a career as a writer, and in 1996 Hyperion published her short story collection Bodies of Water, to favorable reviews.^[3] In 1997, Cash was awarded an honorary doctorate from Memphis College of Art. She gave the commencement address that year^[14] and continues to work with college master classes in writing and speak to women's groups.

In 1998, she and Leventhal began working on what would later become Rules of Travel. The recording sessions were cut short when she became pregnant and was unable to sing for two and a half years, due to a polyp on her vocal cords.^[10]

Unable to record, Cash focused on her writing. Her children's book Penelope Jane: A Fairy's Tale, which included an exclusive CD, was published by Harper Collins in 2000, and in 2001 she edited a collection of short fiction by songwriters titled Songs Without Rhyme: Prose by Celebrated Songwriters.^[3] Recovering her voice, she resumed recording and in 2003, released Rules of Travel, her first full-fledged studio album for Capitol. The album had guest appearances by Sheryl Crow and Steve Earle, a song co-written by Joe Henry and Jakob Dylan, and the poignant "September When It Comes", a duet with her father.^[6] Rules Of Travel was nominated for a 2003 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album.^[15]

Cash was also an inaugural member of the Independent Music Awards' judging panel to support independent artists.^[16]

In 2005, Legacy Recordings reissued Seven Year Ache (1981), King's Record Shop (1987), and Interiors (1990), plus a new collection spanning 1979–2003, The Very Best Of Rosanne Cash.

Rosanne Cash at the 2006 South by Southwest

In 2006, Cash released Black Cadillac, an album marked by the loss of her stepmother, June, and father, Johnny, who both died in 2003; and her mother, Vivian, Johnny's first wife, who died as Rosanne finished the album in 2005.^[17] The album was critically praised, and named to the Top 10 lists of the New York Times,^[18] Billboard,^[19] PopMatters,^[20] NPR ^[21] and other general interest and music publications. The album was nominated for a 2006 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk/Americana Album.^[22]

Cash toured extensively in support of the album, and created a multimedia performance, with video, imagery and narration drawn from the songs and from Cash's family history.^[23] In 2006, a short documentary by filmmaker Steve Lippman, "Mariners and Musicians", based on the album and interviews with Cash, premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival and was screened at festivals worldwide.^[24] Cash's music was also featured prominently in an American Masters biography of photographer Annie Leibovitz, who has photographed Cash and her family numerous times.^[25]

In late 2007, Cash underwent brain surgery for a rare condition (Chiari I malformation) and was forced to cancel her remaining concert dates.^[26] After a successful recovery,^[27] she resumed writing and live appearances. In 2008 she wrote for Measure for Measure, the songwriters' column in The New York Times,^[28] recorded with Kris Kristofferson and Elvis Costello,^[29] and appeared on Costello's TV series Spectacle.^[30]

Cash released her next studio album, entitled The List, on October 6, 2009. The album is based on a list of 100 greatest country and American songs that Johnny Cash gave her when she was 18.^[31] Cash picked 12 songs out of the 100 for the album. The album features vocal duets with Bruce Springsteen, Elvis Costello, Jeff Tweedy, and Rufus Wainwright. An iTunes Store-only 13th song features a duet with Neko Case.

In addition to her own recordings, Cash has made guest appearances on albums by Rodney Crowell, Guy Clark, Vince Gill, Lyle Lovett, Mary Chapin Carpenter, Marc Cohn, The Chieftains, John Stewart, Willy Mason, Mike Doughty, and others, as well as children's albums by Larry Kirwan, Tom Chapin, and Dan Zanes and Friends. She has also appeared on tribute albums to Johnny Cash, Kris Kristofferson, Bob Dylan, The Band, Tammy Wynette, Doc Pomus, Laura Nyro, Yoko Ono, John Hiatt and Jimi Hendrix.

In December 2009, it was announced that Cash would be portraying Monique in the upcoming album Ghost Brothers of Darkland County, a collaboration between rock singer John Mellencamp and novelist Stephen King.^[32]

Recently, she was enlisted by the USA's tourism organization Brand USA to develop a song to promote foreign tourism to the United States. The "Land of Dreams" song now utilized by Brand USA features Cash in video advertisements that will be shown initially in the United Kingdom, Canada and Japan.

Personal life[link]

Family[link]

Cash with John Leventhal in 2010

Cash's parents, Johnny Cash and Vivian Liberto, were married in San Antonio, Texas in 1954. She has three younger sisters, Kathy, Cindy and Tara. Johnny and Vivian divorced in 1966, and he married June Carter in 1968. Cash's stepsisters are country singers Carlene Carter and Rosie Nix Adams, also known as Rosey Carter, June Carter's daughters from her first two marriages. Johnny and June's son John Carter Cash is Rosanne's half brother. Cash's father died in 2003; her stepmother died in 2003.^[33]

Cash married country music singer-songwriter Rodney Crowell in 1979. They have three daughters: Caitlin, Chelsea and Carrie. Cash also raised Crowell's daughter, Hannah, from a previous marriage. Cash and Crowell divorced in 1992. She married her second husband, John Leventhal, in 1995, and they have one son, Jakob.^[33] Cash lives with her husband, son and youngest daughter in Chelsea, Manhattan.^[34]

Chiari malformation[link]

On November 27, 2007, Cash was admitted to New York’s Presbyterian Hospital for brain surgery. In a press statement, she announced that she suffered from Chiari Malformation Type I and expected to "make a full recovery".^[35] The surgery was successful,^[27] though recovery was slow, and in March 2008 she was forced to cancel her spring tour dates for further recuperation. She wrote about the experience in her New York Times article "Well, Actually, It Is Brain Surgery".^[36] She resumed writing, recording and performing in late summer of 2008.

Other projects[link]

Cash supports several charitable organizations. She is a longtime board member of PAX,^[37] an organization dedicating to preventing gun violence among children. She was honored by PAX at their fifth annual benefit gala in 2005.^[38]

Cash is active on behalf of SOS Children's Villages, which houses and cares for orphaned and abandoned children. The Cash family are long-term supporters of SOS. In the 1970s Johnny and June Cash donated property and financed the construction of a family house in Jamaica for SOS, and after their deaths the family established a memorial fund to benefit their work. In 2004, Cash accepted the SOS Children's Champion Award on behalf of her father for the Cash family's support of SOS Children's Villages.^[39] Cash sponsors a child through SOS.

She also sponsors three children through Children, Incorporated, which works to support and educate needy children and young adults worldwide.

Discography[link]

• 1978: Rosanne Cash
• 1979: Right or Wrong
• 1981: Seven Year Ache
• 1982: Somewhere in the Stars
• 1985: Rhythm & Romance
• 1987: King's Record Shop
• 1990: Interiors
• 1993: The Wheel
• 1996: 10 Song Demo
• 2003: Rules of Travel
• 2006: Black Cadillac
• 2009: The List

Rossane Cash during the presentation of her book at the Miami Book Fair International 2011

Books[link]

• Cash, Rosanne (2010). Composed: a memoir. Viking Press/Penguin Group. ISBN 978-1-101-45769-6. 

References[link]

External links[link]

• Rosanne Cash's official website
• Rosanne Cash discography at MusicBrainz
• NPR Music: Rosanne Cash artist page

v t e Johnny Cash Studio albums With His Hot and Blue Guitar Sings the Songs That Made Him Famous The Fabulous Johnny Cash Greatest! Sings Hank Williams Now, There Was a Song! Now Here's Johnny Cash The Sound of Johnny Cash All Aboard the Blue Train Ring of Fire: The Best of Johnny Cash I Walk the Line Orange Blossom Special Everybody Loves a Nut Happiness is You Old Golden Throat More of Old Golden Throat Hello, I'm Johnny Cash Man in Black A Thing Called Love Any Old Wind That Blows Ragged Old Flag Junkie and the Juicehead Minus Me John R. Cash Look at Them Beans One Piece at a Time The Last Gunfighter Ballad I Would Like to See You Again Gone Girl Silver Rockabilly Blues The Baron The Adventures of Johnny Cash Johnny 99 Rainbow Johnny Cash is Coming to Town Classic Cash: Hall of Fame Series Water from the Wells of Home Boom Chicka Boom The Mystery of Life American Recordings Unchained American III: Solitary Man American IV: The Man Comes Around American V: A Hundred Highways American VI: Ain't No Grave Concept albums Songs of Our Soil Ride This Train The Lure of the Grand Canyon Blood, Sweat and Tears Bitter Tears: Ballads of the American Indian Sings the Ballads of the True West From Sea to Shining Sea America: A 200-Year Salute in Story and Song The Johnny Cash Children's Album The Rambler Gospel albums Hymns by Johnny Cash Hymns from the Heart The Holy Land Sings Precious Memories A Believer Sings the Truth Believe in Him My Mother's Hymn Book Christmas albums The Christmas Spirit The Johnny Cash Family Christmas Classic Christmas Johnny Cash Country Christmas Collaborations Carryin' On with Johnny Cash and June Carter Johnny Cash and His Woman The Legend of Jesse James The Survivors Live Highwayman Heroes Class of '55 Highwayman 2 The Road Goes on Forever VH1 Storytellers Live albums At Folsom Prison At San Quentin The Johnny Cash Show På Österåker Strawberry Cake At Madison Square Garden A Concert Behind Prison Walls Soundtrack albums I Walk the Line Little Fauss and Big Halsy The Gospel Road Return to the Promised Land Compilation albums Greatest Hits, Vol. 1 Heart of Cash The World of Johnny Cash Greatest Hits, Vol. 2 Sunday Morning Coming Down International Superstar Five Feet High and Rising Greatest Hits, Vol. 3 The Unissued Johnny Cash Johnny & June Tall Man Encore Biggest Hits The Man in Black 1954–1958 The Man in Black 1959–1962 Come Along and Ride this Train Wanted Man The Man in Black 1963–1969 16 Biggest Hits Love, God and Murder The Essential Johnny Cash Unearthed The Legend The Legend of Johnny Cash 16 Biggest Hits: Johnny Cash & June Carter Cash Personal File The Legend of Johnny Cash Vol. II Songs "25 Minutes to Go" "Any Old Wind That Blows" "The Ballad of Ira Hayes" "Ballad of a Teenage Queen" "Big River" "Blistered" "A Boy Named Sue" "Busted" "Cat's in the Cradle" "Cocaine Blues" "Cry! Cry! Cry!" "Daddy Sang Bass" "Dark as a Dungeon" "Don't Take Your Guns to Town" "Engine 143" "Flesh and Blood" "Folsom Prison Blues" "Get Rhythm" "Goodnight, Irene" "Green, Green Grass of Home" "Greystone Chapel" "Guess Things Happen That Way" "Hey Porter" "Home of the Blues" "Hurt" "I Still Miss Someone" "I Walk the Line" "If I Were a Carpenter" "It Ain't Me Babe" "In My Life" "In the Jailhouse Now" "Jackson" "Kate" "The Man Comes Around" "Man in Black" "The Matador" "Oh Lonesome Me" "One Piece at a Time" "Oney" "Orange Blossom Special" "The One on the Right Is on the Left" "Remember the Alamo" "(Ghost) Riders in the Sky" "Ring of Fire" "Rock Island Line" "Sunday Mornin' Comin' Down" "Tennessee Flat Top Box" "A Thing Called Love" "Understand Your Man" "What Is Truth" "What'd I Say" Family June Carter Cash John Carter Cash Rosanne Cash Carlene Carter Vivian Liberto Tommy Cash Carter Family Related articles Discography Sun Records discography Highwaymen Walk the Line Book:Johnny Cash

Celia Cruz
Celia Cruz in Paris, France, April 1980
Background information
Birth name	Úrsula Hilaria Celia de la Caridad Cruz Alfonso
Also known as	La Reina de la Salsa, La Guarachera de Cuba
Born	(1925-10-21)October 21, 1925 Havana, Cuba
Died	July 16, 2003(2003-07-16) (aged 77) Fort Lee, New Jersey, U.S.
Genres	Salsa, bolero
Occupations	Singer
Years active	1948–2003
Labels	Fania Records, RMM Records & Video, Sony Discos
Associated acts	Sonora Matancera, Fania All-Stars
Website	Official website

Celia Cruz (October 21, 1925 – July 16, 2003) was a Cuban-American and was one of the most successful salsa performers of the 20th century, having earned twenty-three gold albums. She was renowned internationally as the "Queen of Salsa" as well as "La Guarachera de Cuba."^[1]

She spent much of her career living in New Jersey, and working in the United States and several Latin American countries. Leila Cobo of Billboard Magazine once said "Cruz is indisputably the best known and most influential female figure in the history of Cuban music."

Early life[link]

Úrsula Hilaria Celia de la Caridad Cruz Alfonso was born on October 21, 1925^[2] in the diverse, working-class neighborhood of Santos Suárez in Havana, Cuba.^[3] She was the second eldest of fourteen children^[4] born to Catalina Alfonso and Simón Cruz. Simón Cruz worked in the railroads as a stoker, and his wife took care of the extended family.^{[citation needed]}

While growing up in Cuba's diverse 1930s musical climate, Cruz listened to many musicians who influenced her adult career, including Fernando Collazo, Abelardo Barroso, Pablo Quevedo and Arsenio Rodríguez. Cruz also studied the words to Yoruba songs with colleague Mercedita Valdes (an Akpwon santeria singer) from Cuba and Celia made various recordings of this religious genre singing even back up for other female akpwons like Candita Batista.^[5]

When she was a teenager, her aunt took her and her cousin to cabarets to sing, but her father encouraged her to keep attending school, in hopes that she would become a Spanish language teacher. However, one of her teachers told her that as an entertainer she could earn in one day what most Cuban teachers earned in a month. Cruz began singing in Havana's radio station Radio Garcia-Serra's popular "Hora del Té" daily broadcast, she sang the tango "Nostalgias" (and won a cake as first place) often winning cakes and also opportunities to participate in more contests. Her first recordings were made in 1948 in Venezuela.^{[citation needed]}

Career[link]

In 1950, Cruz made her first major breakthrough, after the lead singer of the Sonora Matancera, a renowned Cuban orchestra, left the group and Cruz was called to fill in. Cruz was hired permanently by the orchestra, but she wasn't well accepted by the public at first. However, the orchestra stood by their decision, and soon Cruz became famous throughout Cuba. During the 15 years she was a member, the band traveled all over Latin America, becoming known as "Café Con Leche" (coffee with milk). Cruz became known for her trademark shout "¡Azúcar!" ("Sugar!" in Spanish). The catch phrase started as the punch line for a joke Cruz used to tell frequently at her concerts. Once, she ordered cafe cubano (Cuban coffee) in a restaurant in Miami. The waiter asked her if she'd like sugar, and she replied that, since he was Cuban, he should know that you can't drink Cuban coffee without it! After having told the joke so many times, Cruz eventually dropped the joke and greeted her audience at the start of her appearances with the punch line alone. In her later years, she would use the punch line a few times, to later say: "No les digo más 'Azúcar', pa' que no les dé diabetes!" which means "I won't say 'Sugar' anymore so that you won't get diabetes".^{[citation needed]}

With Fidel Castro assuming control of Cuba in 1959, Cruz and her husband, Pedro Knight, refused to return to their homeland and became citizens of the United States. In 1966, Cruz and Tito Puente began an association that would lead to eight albums for Tico Records. The albums were not as successful as expected. However, Puente and Cruz later joined the Vaya Records label. There, she joined accomplished pianist Larry Harlow and was soon headlining a concert at New York's Carnegie Hall.

Cruz's 1974 album with Johnny Pacheco, Celia y Johnny, was very successful, and Cruz soon found herself in a group named the Fania All-Stars, which was an ensemble of salsa musicians from every orchestra signed by the Fania label (owner of Vaya Records). With the Fania All-Stars, Cruz had the opportunity of visiting England, France, Zaire (Today's DR Congo), and to return to tour Latin America; her performance in Zaire is included in the film Soul Power.^[6] In the late 1970s, she participated in an Eastern Air Lines commercial in Puerto Rico, singing the catchy phrase ¡Esto sí es volar! (This really is flying!).

Celia Cruz used to sing the identifying spot for WQBA radio station in Miami, formerly known as "La Cubanísima": "I am the voice of Cuba, from this land, far away,..., I am liberty, I am WQBA, the most Cuban! (Yo soy de Cuba, la voz, desde esta tierra lejana, ..., soy libertad, soy WQBA, Cubanísima!) During the 1980s, Cruz made many tours in Latin America and Europe, doing multiple concerts and television shows wherever she went, and singing both with younger stars and stars of her own era. She began a crossover of sorts, when she participated in the 1988 feature film Salsa, alongside Robby Draco Rosa.

In 1990, Cruz won a Grammy Award for Best Tropical Latin Performance - Ray Barretto & Celia Cruz - Ritmo en el Corazon. She later recorded an anniversary album with la Sonora Matancera. In 1992, she starred with Armand Assante and Antonio Banderas in the film The Mambo Kings. In 1994, President Bill Clinton awarded Cruz the National Medal of Arts. In 2001, she recorded a new album, on which Johnny Pacheco was one of the producers.

On July 16, 2002, Cruz performed to a full house at the free outdoor performing arts festival Central Park SummerStage in New York City. During the performance she sang, "Bemba Colora." A live recording of this song was subsequently made available in 2005 on a commemorative CD honoring the festival's then 20 year history entitled, "Central Park SummerStage: Live from the Heart of the City". Cruz appeared on the 2006 Dionne Warwick album My Friends & Me.

Death[link]

Celia Cruz's mausoleum in Woodlawn Cemetery, The Bronx, New York.

On July 16, 2003, Cruz died of brain cancer at her home in Fort Lee, New Jersey, at the age of 77. She was survived by her husband, Pedro Knight (died February 3, 2007). She had no children. After her death, her body was taken to lie in state in Miami's Freedom Tower, where more than 200,000 fans paid their final respects. Her body was returned to New Jersey where tens of thousands of fans paid tribute to her at the funeral home. A service was held for her in St. Patrick's Cathedral. She was interred in a private mausoleum at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx. An epilogue in her autobiography notes that, in accordance with her wishes, Cuban soil which she had saved from a visit to Guantánamo Bay was used in her entombment.

Legacy[link]

Celia Cruz Plaza in Union City, New Jersey.

In February 2004, her last album, Regalo del Alma, won a posthumous award at the Premios Lo Nuestro for best Salsa release of the year. It was announced in December 2005 that a musical called "Assuca" would open in Tenerife before touring the world. The name comes from Cruz's well-known catch phrase of "¡Azúcar!"

On June 4, 2004, the heavily-Cuban-American community of Union City, New Jersey heralded its annual Cuban Day Parade by dedicating its new Celia Cruz Park (also known as Celia Cruz Plaza), which features a sidewalk star in her honor, at 31st Street and Bergenline Avenue, with Cruz's widower, Pedro Knight, present. There are four other similar dedications to Cruz around the world.^[7] Cruz's star has expanded into Union City's "Walk of Fame",^[8] as new marble stars are added each spring to honor Latin entertainment and media personalities, such as merengue singer Joseíto Mateo, salsa singer La India, Cuban musician Israel "Cachao" Lopez, Cuban tenor Beny Moré,^[9] Tito Puente, Spanish language television news anchor Rafael Pineda, salsa pioneer Johnny Pacheco,^[10] singer/bandleader Gilberto Santa Rosa and music promoter Ralph Mercado.^[11]

On May 18, 2005, the National Museum of American History, administered by the Smithsonian Institution and located in Washington, D.C., opened "¡Azúcar!", an exhibit celebrating the life and music of Celia Cruz. The exhibit highlights important moments in Cruz's life and career through photographs, personal documents, costumes, videos, and music.

On September 26, 2007, through May 25, 2008, Celia, a musical based on the life of Celia Cruz, played at the off-Broadway venue, New World Stages. Some performances were in Spanish and some in English. The show won four 2008 HOLA awards from the Hispanic Organization of Latin Actors.^[12]

Discography[link]

Grammy awards[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Celia Cruz

• Celia Cruz homepage
• Celia Cruz discography at Discogs.
• Celia Cruz's Discography (album covers) at Florida International University archives
• Celia Cruz's Discography (recordings) at Florida International University archives
• Celia Cruz videos
• Celia Cruz at the Internet Movie Database.
• Celia Cruz at Findagrave.com
• ¡Azúcar! The Life and Music of Celia Cruz at the National Museum of American History.
• In May 2011, the VOA Special English service of the Voice of America broadcast a 15-minute program on Celia Cruz. A transcript and MP3 of the program, intended for English learners, can be found at Celia Cruz, 1925-2003: 'The Queen of Salsa'