"Strummer" redirects here. For those who strum stringed musical instruments, see
strummers.
| Joe Strummer |
 |
| Background information |
| Birth name |
John Graham Mellor |
| Born |
(1952-08-21)21 August 1952
Ankara, Turkey |
| Died |
22 December 2002(2002-12-22) (aged 50)
Broomfield, Somerset, England |
| Genres |
Punk rock, alternative rock, world |
| Occupations |
Musician, songwriter, radio host, actor |
| Instruments |
Vocals, guitar, piano, bass |
| Years active |
1973–2002 |
| Labels |
CBS, Sony, Hellcat, Mercury |
| Associated acts |
The 101ers, The Clash, The Latino Rockabilly War, The Pogues, The Mescaleros |
| Website |
strummernews.com |
| Notable instruments |
1966 Fender Telecaster
Fender Esquire |
John Graham Mellor (21 August 1952 – 22 December 2002), best remembered by his stage name Joe Strummer, was an English musician who was the co-founder, lyricist, rhythm guitarist and lead vocalist of the British punk rock band The Clash. His musical experience included his membership of The 101ers, Latino Rockabilly War, The Mescaleros and The Pogues, in addition to his own solo music career. Strummer's work as a musician allowed him to explore other interests, which included acting, creating film scores for television and movies, songwriting, radio broadcasting, and a position as a radio host. Strummer is one of the iconic figures of the British punk movement.
Strummer and The Clash were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in January 2003. In his remembrance, Strummer's friends and family have established the Strummerville Foundation for the promotion of new music, and each year there are many festivals and both organised and spontaneous ceremonies worldwide to celebrate his memory.
Strummer was born John Graham Mellor in Ankara, Turkey on 21 August 1952. His mother, Anna Mackenzie, a crofter's daughter born and raised in Bonar Bridge in the Scottish Highlands, was a nurse. His father, Ronald Mellor, was a British foreign service diplomat born in Lucknow, India. Ronald Mellor had an Armenian maternal grandfather and a German Jewish paternal grandmother.
The family spent much time moving from place to place, and Strummer spent parts of his early childhood in Cairo, Mexico City, and Bonn. At the age of 9, Strummer and his older brother David, 10, began boarding at the City of London Freemen's School in Surrey. Strummer rarely saw his parents during the next seven years. He developed a love of rock music listening to records by Little Richard and The Beach Boys as well as American folk-singer Woody Guthrie (Strummer would even go by the nickname "Woody" for a few years). Strummer would later say that "the reason [he] played music was the Beach Boys."[2]
[A]t the age of nine I had to say good-bye to them because they went abroad to Africa or something. I went to boarding school and only saw them once a year after that — the Government paid for me to see my parents once a year. I was left on my own, and went to this school where thick rich people sent their thick rich kids. Another perk of my father's job — it was a job with a lot of perks — all the fees were paid by the Government.
—Joe Strummer
[David] was a year older than me. Funnily enough, you know, he was a Nazi. He was a member of the National Front. He was into the occult and he used to have these deaths-heads and cross-bones all over everything. He didn't like to talk to anybody, and I think suicide was the only way out for him. What else could he have done[?]
—Joe Strummer
By 1970 his brother David had become estranged from his family and had joined the National Front. His suicide in July profoundly affected Strummer, as did having to identify his body after it had lain undiscovered for three days. After finishing his time at City of London Freemen's School, Ashtead Park, Surrey, in 1970, Strummer moved on to London's Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design, where he briefly flirted with the idea of becoming a professional cartoonist, but ultimately completed a foundations course.[4] During this time, Mellor shared a flat in the north London suburb of Palmers Green with friends Clive Timperley and Tymon Dogg. In 1971 Strummer became a vegetarian and remained one until his death. [5]
I bought a ukelele. No kidding. I saved some money, £1.99 I think, and bought it down Shaftesbury Avenue. Then the guy I was busking with taught me to play Johnny Be Good. [...] I was on my own for the first time with this ukelele and Johnny Be Good. And that's how I started.
—Joe Strummer
In 1973 Strummer moved to Newport, Wales. He did not study at Newport College of Art but met up with college musicians in the Students' Union in Stow Hill and became vocalist for Flaming Youth, renaming the band The Vultures.[6] The Vultures[4] included three former members of Rip Off Park Rock & Roll Allstars, the original college band co-founded by Terry Earl Taylor. For the next year he was the band's part-time singer and rhythm guitarist. During this time Strummer also worked as a gravedigger. In 1974, the band fell apart and he moved back to London where he met up again with Tymon Dogg. He did street performance for a while and then decided to form another band with his West London roommates. The band was called The 101'ers,[4] named after the address of their squat (101 Walterton Road, in Maida Vale).[6] The band played many gigs in London pubs, playing covers of popular American R&B and blues songs. In 1975 he stopped calling himself "Woody" Mellor and adopted the stage name of Joe Strummer, and insisted that his friends call him by that name. The name "Strummer" apparently referred to his role as rhythm guitarist, in a rather self-deprecating way. Though left-handed, he was taught to play right-handed by his friend Tymon Dogg. Strummer was the lead singer of the 101'ers and began to write original songs for the group. One song he wrote was inspired by his girlfriend at the time, Slits drummer Palmolive. The group liked the song "Keys to Your Heart", and picked it as their first single.
On 3 April 1976, a then-unknown Sex Pistols opened for The 101'ers at a venue called The Nashville Rooms in London, and Strummer was impressed by them.[4] Sometime after the show, Strummer was approached by Bernie Rhodes and Mick Jones. Jones was from the band London SS and wanted Strummer to join as lead singer. Strummer agreed to leave the 101'ers and join Jones, bassist Paul Simonon, drummer Terry Chimes and guitarist Keith Levene. The band was named The Clash by Simonon and made their debut on 4 July 1976, opening for the Sex Pistols at The Black Swan (a.k.a. The Mucky Duck, now known as the Boardwalk Sheffield, England). On 25 January 1977, the band signed with CBS Records and was now a three-piece after Levene was fired from the band and Chimes quit. Drummer Topper Headon later became the band's full-time drummer.
At the band's induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Clash was said to be "considered one of the most overtly political, explosive and exciting bands in rock and roll history".[8] Their songs tackled social decay, unemployment, racism, police brutality, political and social repression, and militarism in detail. Strummer was involved with the Anti-Nazi League and Rock Against Racism campaigns. He later also gave his support to the Rock Against the Rich series of concerts organised by the anarchist organisation Class War. The Clash's London Calling album was voted best album of the 1980s by Rolling Stone magazine (although it was released in late 1979 in the UK; it was released in 1980 in the USA).[9]
During his time with The Clash, Strummer, along with his bandmates, became notorious for getting in trouble with the law. On 10 June 1977, he and Headon were arrested for spray-painting "The Clash" on a wall in a hotel. On 20 May 1980, he was arrested for hitting a violent member of the audience with his guitar during a performance in Hamburg, Germany. This incident shocked Strummer, and had a lasting personal impact on him.[10]
| “ |
I nearly murdered somebody, and it made me realise that you can't face violence with violence. It doesn't work. |
” |
|
—Joe Strummer[10]
|
Before the album Combat Rock was released in 1982, Strummer wilfully went into hiding and band management represented that he had "disappeared". Bernie Rhodes, the band's manager, pressured Joe to do so because tickets were selling slowly for the Scottish leg of an upcoming tour. It was planned for Strummer to meet and stay with one of Rhodes' friends in secret. However, Strummer, uneasy with his decision, decided to genuinely disappear and "dicked around" in France. During this time, Strummer ran the Paris Marathon in April 1982. He claimed his training regime consisted of 10 pints of beer the night before the race. For this period of time, Joe's whereabouts were not only a mystery to the public, but the band's management as well. Joe later said this was a huge mistake and you "have to have some regrets". This was in spite of the popular success of the single "Rock the Casbah". During this time band members began to argue a lot, and with tensions high, the group began to fall apart. In September 1983, Strummer issued the infamous "Clash Communique", and fired Mick Jones. Headon had earlier been kicked out of the band because of his heroin addiction, which now left the band with only two of its original members. Rhodes persuaded Strummer to carry on and added new members. "The Clash Mark Two" released the album Cut the Crap in 1985. The album was panned by fans and critics alike and Strummer disbanded The Clash.
Strummer, backing with the Pogues in Japan Photo: Masao Nakagami
A year later, Strummer worked on several songs for the 1986 film Sid and Nancy, including "Love Kills" and "Dum Dum Club". Strummer also later worked with Mick Jones and his band Big Audio Dynamite, contributing to the band's second studio album by co-writing most of the songs as well as producing the album along with Jones. In 1987, he played a small part in the film Walker, directed by Alex Cox, as a character named "Faucet" and wrote and performed on the film's soundtrack. He starred in another Cox film that same year called Straight to Hell, as the character Simms. Straight to Hell also featured London-Irish folk/punk band The Pogues – both as actors and major contributors to the soundtrack. Strummer joined The Pogues for a tour in 1987/88, filling in for ailing guitarist Philip Chevron, who wrote (in May, 2008) on the band's online forum: "When I was sick in late 1987, I taught Joe all the guitar parts in an afternoon and he was on tour in the USA as deputy guitarist the next day. Joe wrote all the tabs in his meticulously neat hand on a long piece of paper which he taped to the top of the guitar so he could glance down occasionally when he was onstage." This tour would be the first of several collaborations with the band.
In 1989, Strummer played a substantial role in Jim Jarmusch's film Mystery Train, as a drunken, short-tempered drifter named Johnny (whom most characters refer to as Elvis, much to Johnny's dismay). He also made a brief appearance in Aki Kaurismäki's 1990 film I Hired a Contract Killer as a guitarist in a pub, performing two songs ("Burning Lights" and "Afro-Cuban Bebop"). These were released as a promotional 7-inch single limited to a few hundred copies, credited to "Joe Strummer & the Astro Physicians". The "Astro Physicians" were in fact The Pogues ("Afro-Cuban Bebop" got a re-release on The Pogues' 2008 box set). During this time Strummer continued to act, write and produce soundtracks for various films, most notably the soundtrack for Grosse Pointe Blank (1997). Strummer began producing solo records with a band called The Latino Rockabilly War in 1989. The album Earthquake Weather was a critical and commercial flop, and resulted in the loss of his contract with Sony Records. He also did the soundtrack to the movie Permanent Record with this band. Strummer was asked by The Pogues, who were fracturing as a band, to help them produce their next album, released in 1990 as Hell's Ditch. In 1991, he replaced Shane MacGowan as singer of The Pogues for a tour after MacGowan's departure from the band. One night of this tour was professionally recorded, and three tracks ("I Fought the Law", "London Calling", and "Turkish Song of the Damned") have seen release as b-sides and again on The Pogues' 2008 box set. On 16 April 1994, Strummer joined Czech-American band Dirty Pictures on stage in Prague at the Repre Club in Obecni Dum at "Rock for Refugees", a benefit concert for people left displaced by the war in Bosnia. Backed up by the Pictures, Strummer played a blistering set of Clash songs that he said he had not played in more than ten years. Although the set appeared impromptu, Strummer and the band had spent the days leading up to the event rehearsing and "hanging out" in Prague. The show began with "London Calling" and without pause went into "Brand New Cadillac". In the middle of the song, the power went out. Once the power was back on, Strummer asked the audience whether or not they would mind if the band started over. They then began again with "London Calling" and continued on for another half hour. After these self-described "wilderness years", Strummer began working with other bands; he played piano on the 1995 UK hit of The Levellers, "Just the One" and appeared on the Black Grape single "England's Irie" in 1996. In 1997, while in New York City, he had worked with noted producer and engineer Lee Perry on a significant amount of remixed Clash and 101'ers reissue dub material. In 1998, he made a guest appearance on the animated television show, South Park and appeared on the album Chef Aid: The South Park Album featuring songs from and inspired by the series. Also during this time, Strummer was in dispute with The Clash's record label, Epic Records. The disagreement lasted nearly eight years and ended with the label agreeing to let him record solo records with another label. If The Clash were to reunite though, they would have to record for Sony.
During the nineties, Strummer was a DJ on the BBC World Service with his half-hour programme London Calling. Samples from the series provide the vocals for "Midnight Jam" on Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros' final album Streetcore.
In the mid-to-late 1990s, Strummer gathered top-flight musicians into a backing band he called The Mescaleros. Strummer and the band signed with Mercury Records, and released their first album in 1999, which was co-written with Antony Genn, called Rock Art and the X-Ray Style. A tour of England, Europe, and North America soon followed; sets included several Clash fan favourites.
| “ |
This is my Indian summer...I learnt that fame is an illusion & everything about it is just a joke. I'm far more dangerous now, because I don't care at all. |
” |
|
—Joe Strummer to Chris Salewicz – 2000 , [6]
|
In 2001, the band signed with Californian punk label Hellcat Records and released their second studio album, Global a Go-Go. The album was supported with a 21-date tour of North America, Britain, and Ireland. Once again, these concerts featured Clash material ("London's Burning", "Rudie Can't Fail", "(White Man) In Hammersmith Palais"), as well as covers of reggae and ska hits ("The Harder They Come", "A Message to You, Rudy") and the band regularly closed the show by playing the Ramones' "Blitzkrieg Bop". He covered Bob Marley's "Redemption Song" with Johnny Cash. In the same year, somewhat out of character, Strummer and the Mescaleros performed the song "Minstrel Boy" for the film Black Hawk Down, a haunting and emotive Celtic tune that is played during the evacuation of PFC Todd Blackburn during the Battle of Mogadishu and again over the end credits.
Strummer performing in Brooklyn, April 2002.
On 15 November 2002, Strummer and The Mescaleros played a benefit show for striking fire fighters in London, at the Acton Town Hall. Mick Jones was in the audience, and joined the band on stage during the Clash's "Bankrobber". An encore followed with Jones playing guitar and singing on "White Riot" and "London's Burning". This performance marked the first time since 1983 that Strummer and Jones had performed together on stage.[8] Jones later remarked that it was totally unplanned and that he felt compelled to join Strummer on stage.
Strummer's final regular gig was at Liverpool Academy on 22 November 2002, yet his final performance, just two weeks before his death, was in a small club venue 'The Palace' in Bridgwater, Somerset near to his home. Shortly before his death, Strummer and U2's Bono co-wrote a song, "46664", for Nelson Mandela as part of a campaign against AIDS in Africa. Strummer had been scheduled to play at Mandela's SOS fundraising concert in February 2003 on Robben Island. Mick Jones later recorded a version of the song in studio, performing both the vocals and guitar work, that has yet to be formally released.
On-stage Strummer wires himself up into an inhuman dynamo of sweaty, trembling flesh, fearful enough to have one wondering when the ambulance brigade will rush to his rescue with a straight-jacket. While he tilts his bullet head at acute angles, his agonising face screwed into an open wound, he wields his Telecaster like a chain saw. His magnetism is totally original — more like an Olympic strong man imploding all his energy into a final record-breaking lift than anything seen on a rock'n'roll stage before.
Off-stage, he's the Clash member with the lowest profile.
Strummer died suddenly on 22 December 2002 in his home at Broomfield in Somerset, the victim of an undiagnosed congenital heart defect.[8][11][12] His estate was valued at just under £1 million, and he left all the money to his wife Lucinda.[13]
Strummer was instrumental in setting up Future Forests (since rechristened The Carbon Neutral Company), dedicated to planting trees in various parts of the world in order to combat global warming.[14] Strummer was the first artist to make the recording, pressing and distribution of his records carbon neutral through the planting of trees.[14][15][16] In his remembrance, Strummer's friends and family have established the Strummerville Foundation for the promotion of new music.[17]
In January 2003, The Clash were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.[8] At the Grammy Awards in February 2003, "London Calling" was performed by Elvis Costello, Bruce Springsteen, Steven Van Zandt, Dave Grohl, Pete Thomas, and Tony Kanal in tribute to Strummer. Another tribute to Strummer occurred in the same month at the rock club Debaser in Stockholm, when some of Sweden's most famous rock musicians paid their tribute to Strummer by performing songs written by the Clash (the exception was Nicke Borg and Dregen from Backyard Babies, who performed "I Fought the Law", which the Clash had covered). At the end of the concert, the legendary Swedish punk band Ebba Grön reunited for the tribute, aided by Mick Jones on guitar.
At the time of his death, Strummer was working on another Mescaleros album, which was released posthumously in October 2003 under the title Streetcore. The album features a tribute to American music icon Johnny Cash; "Long Shadow", which was actually written for Cash to sing and recorded in Rick Rubin's garage, as well as a remembrance of the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 ("Ramshackle Day Parade"), and a cover of Bob Marley's classic "Redemption Song", which Strummer had also recorded as a duet with Cash. The Cash/Strummer duet version appears on the 2003 box set Unearthed.
November 2003 saw the release of a video for "Redemption Song", directed by Josh Cheuse. The video features the painting of a memorial mural, by graffiti artist REVOLT, on the wall of the Niagara Bar in the East Village of New York City.[18]
On 22 December 2003, exactly a year after his death, a tribute show/benefit was held at Irving Plaza in NYC. Bands that played were: Ari Up; Clem Snide; The Detachment Kit; Dirty Mary; Hammel on Trial; Jesse Malin; New Blood Revival; The Realistics; Eugene Hütz; Radio 4; Secret Army; Ted Leo; Vic Thrill + The Saturn Missile.[19] The show was videotaped by punkcast.com but is as yet unreleased.
A documentary by Dick Rude titled Let's Rock Again! was released in 2004. The film, completed after Strummer's death, chronicles life on tour in the United States with the Mescaleros to support Global a Go-Go. The Belfast punk rock group Stiff Little Fingers also recorded a tribute song "Strummerville" on their album, Guitar and Drum. Al Barr, lead singer of the Boston punk band Dropkick Murphys, named his son Strummer in honour of Joe.[20] German band Beatsteaks pay tribute to Strummer on their album Smack Smash with the song "Hello Joe". In 2004, German punk band Die Toten Hosen released an EP called "Friss oder stirb", which included a tribute song for Strummer called "Goodbye Garageland", which is a lyrical co-production with Matt Dangerfield from London's 77 punk band The Boys. Boston Punk Rock Band Street Dogs recorded a tribute song called "The General's Boombox" on their latest album State Of Grace, and New Jersey's The Gaslight Anthem recorded the song "I'da Called You Woody, Joe" on their album Sink or Swim. Attila the Stockbroker's Barnstormer released "Comandante Joe" on their album Zero Tolerance.
On 12 February 2005, the Class 47 locomotive 47828 was named "Joe Strummer". The nameplates were unveiled by his widow Lucinda Tait in a ceremony at Bristol Temple Meads railway station.[21] On 22 July 2005 Tait unveiled a plaque on the house in Pentonville, Newport where Strummer lived from 1973 to 1974 and where his first foray into recorded music, "Crummy Bum Blues" was recorded.[22] That Was Clash Radio, a short story by Charles de Lint, was written in response to Strummer's death and features Strummer in a minor role.[23]
New Orleans-based rockers Cowboy Mouth released a song called "Joe Strummer" on their latest album Voodoo Shoppe. The song tells the story of a man who had to break up with his girlfriend because “...she didn't know who/Joe Strummer was.” The popular track is a tongue-in-cheek salute to Strummer and The Clash that received significant radio play in 2006. In addition, the Joe Pernice-penned "High As a Kite", included on The Pernice Brothers 2006 album Live a Little, was, in part a tribute to Joe Strummer. Lyrics included, “Heavy downbeat of one and the show began/London calling, strike up the contraband” and the memorable opening to the chorus, “We wore pictures of Strummer.” A play by Paul Hodson called Meeting Joe Strummer has premiered at the Edinburgh Festival in winter 2006, and is still touring the UK from the following year. It is not a play directly about Joe, instead about two men who share a passion for Joe's music.[24]
Joe Strummer: The Future Is Unwritten, a documentary film directed by Julien Temple about Joe Strummer, premiered on 20 January 2007 at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival.[25] On October of that same year, a tribute and benefit concert in honor of Joe Strummer was held in Los Angeles featuring Love & Rockets, Zander Schloss, Hellride and many other artists. The event was filmed and then released in DVD format as Tribute Concert: Cast a Long Shadow by MVD Videos in December 2010.[26] In conjunction with the Strummer estate, Fender released the Joe Strummer Tribute Telecaster, combining elements of Joe's main guitars, namely an attempt at the "road worn" finish of his 1966 Telecaster, which he used until his death. The first 1,500 guitars come with a Shepard Fairey designed "Customization kit" with stickers and stencils, which resemble some of the designs Joe used on his guitars.[27] Joe Strummer's impact is referenced by The Hold Steady in the song "Constructive Summer", a song featured on their 2008 album Stay Positive. In this song the band sings “Raise a toast to Saint Joe Strummer. I think he might have been our only decent teacher.” In November 2009, Tonara, a town in Sardinia, Italy, dedicated a street to Joe Strummer.[28]
There are also many festivals each year dedicated to his memory. These festivals include Strummerville and there is Strummercamp which bands like The Alarm, The Damned, T.V. Smith from the Adverts, Sham 69, Dreadzone, The Beat, Hugh Cornwell from The Stranglers and a band the appears most years Goldblade which includes author John Robb. All these bands were greatly influenced by The Clash and Joe Strummer.
Due to Strummer's infatuation with the Spanish city Granada, where he spent long periods of time living throughout his life and even immortalized in The Clash's song "Spanish Bombs" from the album London Calling, in January 2011 a motion was started in order to grant Strummer his own street.[29]
In 1975, after being offered £120, Strummer married Pamela Moolman, a South African citizen, so she could obtain British citizenship. He bought his signature Fender Telecaster, later painted black, with the money. In 1978, Strummer started a relationship with Gaby Salter shortly after her 17th birthday. The couple remained together for 14 years and had two daughters, Jazz and Lola, but did not marry as Strummer had been unable to locate and divorce Moolman.
During his relationship with Salter, he had multiple affairs spanning the 1980s.
In 1993, Strummer began an affair with Lucinda Tait, which finally ended his relationship with Gaby Salter. Strummer and Tait married in 1995 and remained so until his death in 2002.
Strummer is commonly believed to have been Lily Allen's godfather. Although this is not true, Strummer and his family were close friends with the Allens and would regularly attend the Glastonbury Festival together. Lily Allen has recalled how Strummer had a paternal attitude towards her as an adolescent, accompanying her for two days when she went to meet-up with some friends at the festival.[30]
Let's Rock Again! is a one-hour music documentary, directed by Dick Rude, that follows Joe Strummer as he tours across America and Japan with The Mescaleros. It premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York, May 2004.
Joe Strummer: The Future Is Unwritten is a documentary about Joe Strummer by Julien Temple. It comprises archive footage of him spanning his life, and interviews with friends, family, and other celebrities. It debuted at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival.[31][32][33]
A documentary on Strummer's politics Let Fury Have the Hour, produced by Tim Robbins and based on the book of the same name by Antonino D'Ambrosio, is due out in 2008. New York City band Radio 4 are supplying soundtrack music.[34]
Redemption Song: The Ballad of Joe Strummer is a 2006 biography of Strummer by Chris Salewicz.
Strummer in 2001 with his guitar
Strummer's main guitar throughout his career was a 1966 Fender Telecaster that originally came in a three-color sunburst with a white pickguard. Strummer acquired the guitar in middle of 1975 while playing with 101ers. After joining the Clash, the guitar's body and pickguard were refinished in grey auto primer and then painted black. By 1979, the word NOISE was stenciled on the upper part of the body, a rasta flag sticker was placed at the horn of the pickguard, and an "Ignore Alien Orders" sticker was placed above the bridge. By the release of Give ‘Em Enough Rope, the guitar was fitted with a bridge with individual saddles and the original Kluson tuners were replaced with later model tuners and a large question mark was spraypainted on its back. The guitar would remain in this configuration throughout his career with the addition of different stickers on its body. The guitar's black paint became worn down due to Strummer's playing and on many places the original sunburst finish and bare wood shines through, except for the square where Strummer taped his setlists. In 2012 modern artist Karl Haglund paid tribute to this guitar in one of his iconic guitar paintings.[35] The Fender Custom Shop has created a Joe Strummer tribute Telecaster with a reliced flat black finish.[27] Strummer was naturally left-handed, but learned to play guitar right-handed. He had attributed this as a drawback and claimed it caused him to be underdeveloped as a guitarist, although his style of playing was unique.
He also used three Fender Esquire models, one from 1952,[36] a white blonde with slab fretboard from the mid 1950's[37] and another from early to mid 1960s with a white pick guard and rosewood fingerboard.[38] The Esquire is a one-pickup version of the Telecaster.
For amplification Strummer was known to use amplifiers such as a Roland Jazz Chorus, a Selmer Bassman while he was in the 101'ers, a Vox AC30 and various Marshall amplifiers,[39] but his main amplifier was a Music Man HD 212 150.[40] Strummer commented on his choice of amplifier with "I don't have time to search for those old Fender tube amps. The Music Man is the closest thing to that sound I've found." and that the "plastic motif on the front is repulsive."[41]
The Clash
The 101'ers
| Year |
Album |
Additional information |
| 1981 |
Elgin Avenue Breakdown |
Compilation album with material recorded from 1974 to 1976. |
Solo
| Year |
Album |
Additional information |
| 1986 |
Sid and Nancy Soundtrack |
Soundtrack for the film Sid and Nancy, featuring 2 songs by Strummer. "Love Kills" and "Dum Dum Club" |
| 1987 |
Walker |
Soundtrack for the film Walker, scored by Strummer. |
| 1987 |
Straight to Hell Original Soundtrack |
Soundtrack for the film Straight to Hell, featuring 2 songs by Strummer. |
| 1993 |
When Pigs Fly Soundtrack |
Unreleased soundtrack for the film When Pigs Fly, scored by Strummer. |
| 1998 |
Chef Aid: The South Park Album |
Features "It's A Rockin' World", performed by Strummer, Flea, Nick Hexum, Tom Morello, DJ Bonebrake, and Benmont Tench. |
| 1999 |
Michael Hutchence (album) |
Backing vocals on the first track on Michael Hutchence's solo album, "Let Me Show You" |
| 2000 |
Free the West Memphis 3 |
Features a cover of "The Harder They Come", performed by Strummer and Long Beach Dub Allstars |
| 2002 |
Jools Holland's Big Band Rhythm & Blues (guest appearance) |
Features "Return of the Blues Cowboy" performed by Strummer and the Jools Holland Big Band |
| 2003 |
Unearthed (guest appearance) |
A duet of "Redemption Song" with Johnny Cash. |
| 2004 |
Black Magic (guest appearance) |
Strummer performed the song "Over the Border" with Jimmy Cliff. |
The Latino Rockabilly War
The Mescaleros
| Year |
Album |
Additional information |
| 1999 |
Rock Art and the X-Ray Style |
Strummer's first album with The Mescaleros. |
| 2001 |
Global a Go-Go |
reached number 23 on Billboard's Top Independent Albums chart in the US. |
| 2003 |
Streetcore |
Strummer's last album, released posthumously. |
- Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros appeared on the British musician Jools Holland Show Later in 2000. Strummer, Warren Zevon, and Tracy Chapman, as well as an ensemble cast, sang "I Fought the Law" at the finale. The show, and this episode, is occasionally shown in the US on Ovation TV.
- The Bedroom Secrets of the Master Chefs, a novel by Irvine Welsh published in 2006, has a fictional Joe Strummer being implicated in a paternity scandal.
- "Johnny Appleseed", a song from Joe Strummer and The Mescaleros' 2001 album Global a Go-Go, is featured as the theme song to the HBO series John from Cincinnati, aired in the summer of 2007.
- The song "Mondo Bongo" by Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros is featured in the 2005 movie Mr. & Mrs. Smith. The song originally appeared in two different scenes during the movie, but was removed from the later scene in the Director's Cut.
- ^ The Playlist Special – Sean Lennon, Rolling Stone
- ^ a b c d "Strummer's lasting culture Clash" (STM). Entertainment (BBC News World Edition). 23 December 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2600955.stm. Retrieved 20 November 2007. "a) Born John Graham Mellor in 1952, Strummer was the son of a diplomat and was given a middle-class upbringing at boarding school in Surrey before going to study art in London – before deciding that it was a "lousy set up".
b, c, d) He had immersed himself in music since childhood, and his own musical career began when he started street performing with a ukulele at Green Park tube station. He played in two bands, the Vultures and the 101ers, but when The Sex Pistols supported the 101ers in west London in 1976, Strummer saw the possibilities open up for him and was inspired to form The Clash."
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJTLIOdfysA Joe Strummer chicken story
- ^ a b c Encoule, Jean (1 2003). "Joe Strummer – 1952–2002". trakMARX.com. http://trakmarx.com/2003_01/09.htm. Retrieved 17 November 2007. "a) Joe Strummer was born in Ankara, Turkey, in 1952 & christened John Graham Mellor. His family spent time in Ankara, Cairo, Mexico City & Bonn, before Mellor returned to the UK to attend the City Of London Freemen's School in Surrey. Mellor left school & enrolled at Central College of Art but left "after about a week", heading straight for the underground & squat culture. Mellor spent time living in Wales, playing in knock-about bands and using the nickname "Woody" inspired by Woody Guthrie's name.
b) The Vultures in time led to The 101'ers, a group of West London-based squatters named after their squat address. The 101'ers were eventually supported by a nascent Sex Pistols. Mellor adopted the stage name of "Joe Strummer". Impressed by the power of the Sex Pistols, the newly self-coined Strummer determined that the 101'ers were "yesterday's papers" by comparison. It was time to strike out anew. And this led to the start of The Clash.
c) "This is my Indian summer...I learnt that fame is an illusion & everything about it is just a joke. I'm far more dangerous now, because I don't care at all." – Joe Strummer to Chris Salewicz – 2000."
- ^ a b c d "The Clash". Induction. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. 10 March 2003. http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/the-clash. Retrieved 19 November 2007. "a) Quite simply, the Clash were among the most explosive and exciting bands in rock and roll history.
b, c) If not exactly a reunion, it was a rapprochement. On 15 November 2002, Jones and Strummer shared the stage for the first time in nearly 20 years, performing three Clash songs during the encore of a London benefit show by Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros. This raised hopes for a Clash reunion, which were dashed when Strummer died of a heart attack on 22 December 2002."
- ^ "Clash star Strummer dies" (STM). Entertainment (BBC News World Edition). 27 December 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2600669.stm. Retrieved 20 November 2007. "Rolling Stone voted London Calling, their classic 1980 album (released in 1979 in the UK) as the best album of the Eighties."
- ^ a b "The Clash Clash in Hamburg LP 20 May 1980". blackmarketclash.com. http://homepage.mac.com/blackmarketclash/Bands/Clash/recordings/1980/Clash%20in%20Hamburg%20LP/Clash%20in%20Hamburg.html. Retrieved 21 January 2008. "a) This is the infamous riot show where there was mayhem in the audience and on the stage, riot police battling with fans outside, and Joe was arrested for seriously assaulting a 'fan' with his guitar. His actions shocked Joe, and had a lasting personal impact on him.
b) He would raise the incident in a number of interviews thereafter. Joe said, "I nearly murdered somebody, and it made me realise that you can't face violence with violence. It doesn't work". There is information on the night from three sources; German newspaper reports from the time, an eyewitness account described in Last Gang In Town, and interviews with Joe."
- ^ "Clash star Strummer dies". BBC News. 27 December 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/2600669.stm. Retrieved 11 February 2009. "Joe Strummer, the leader of legendary Seventies punk band The Clash, has died of a suspected heart attack aged 50. A spokesman for Strummer, real name John Graham Mellor, said the singer died at home in Broomfield, Somerset, on Sunday."
- ^ "Clash star Joe Strummer dies". Entertainment (CNN). 23 December 2002. Archived from the original on 17 November 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071117171747/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/Music/12/23/britain.strummer/. Retrieved 23 November 2007. "Strummer, who was the band's guitarist, vocalist and songwriter alongside Mick Jones, died on Sunday at his farmhouse in Somerset, southwestern England."
- ^ "Clash frontman Joe Strummer leaves £1m will". Daily Mail. 7 January 2007. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=426977&in_page_id=1773&ito=1490. Retrieved 23 November 2007. "Joe Strummer, the former frontman of punk band The Clash, left an estate worth nearly £1 million, it was revealed yesterday."
- ^ a b "Joe Strummer's Charity Work, Events and Causes". Look To The Stars. http://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/1534-joe-strummer. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "Forest tribute to Clash star". BBC News world edition. 19 January 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/2673971.stm. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "YOUR PLANET – Part 2: 'I Want to Put Back What I'Ve Taken Out'". redOrbit.com. 20 September 2005. http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/245201/your_planet__part_2_i_want_to_put_back/index.html. Retrieved 29 March 2010. "Joe Strummer: The world's first carbon neutral artists, Joe Strummer was involved in setting up the company and his large forest on the Isle of Skye has become a memorial to him."
- ^ "Strummerville: A Charity in Honour of Joe Strummer of The Clash: Whats It All About?". Strummerville: The Joe Strummer Foundation for New Music. http://www.strummerville.com/strummerville-a-charity-in-honour-of-joe-strummer-of-the-clash-whats-it-all-about/. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ D'Angelo, Joe (17 November 2003). "Joe Strummer Leaves Final Mark On New York With New Video" (JHTML). mtv. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1480457/20031117/strummer_joe.jhtml. Retrieved 29 November 2007. "Clip features cameos by Rancid, actor Matt Dillon, filmmaker Jim Jarmusch."
- ^ "Fillmore NY @ Irving Plaza – Artists". irvingplaza.com. http://www.irvingplaza.com/artists.htm. Retrieved 29 November 2007. "Joe Strummer Tribute – Ari Up (of The Slits); Clem Snide; The Detachment Kit; Dirty Mary; Hammel on Trial; Jesse Malin; New Blood Revival; The Realistics; Radio 4; Secret Army; Ted Leo (solo); and special guests"
- ^ Helmer, April (23 April 2004). "Dropkick Murphys always sing loud, proud". The Express-Times. dropkickmurphys.com. http://www.dropkickmurphys.com/press/press/expresstimes.html. Retrieved 13 March 2008.
- ^ "Engine named after Clash singer" (STM). BBC NEWS. 12 February 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/bristol/somerset/4256619.stm. Retrieved 6 July 2007. "The Class 47 Diesel, which is owned by Cotswold Rail, is being named after the singer, who lived in Bridgwater, Somerset. He died aged 50 in 2002."...
..."The locomotive, and plaque showing Strummer's name, were unveiled at Bristol Temple Meads station by his wife, Lucinda."
- ^ "Plaque for Clash legend Strummer" (STM). BBC NEWS. 22 July 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/4707943.stm. Retrieved 29 November 2007. "The friend who arranged for a tribute plaque to Joe Strummer on the house where the punk legend wrote his first song admits he would have hated it."
- ^ de Lint, Charles (2005). The Hour Before Dawn. Burton, MI: Subterranean Press. pp. 10–11. ISBN 1-59606-027-1.
- ^ "MEETING JOE STRUMMER". Middle Ground Theatre Company. http://www.middlegroundtheatre.co.uk/index-page190.html. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "Joe Strummer: The Future Is Unwritten (2007) – Release dates". Internet Movie Database. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0800099/releaseinfo. Retrieved 13 March 2008.
- ^ MVD Visual at Allmusic. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
- ^ a b "Joe Strummer". fender.com. http://www.fender.com/joestrummer/. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
Related articles:
- ^ Buquicchio, Cesare (19 November 2009). "Sardegna punk, una via per Joe Strummer" (in Italian). L'Unità. http://www.unita.it/news/culture/91451/sardegna_punk_una_via_per_joe_strummer. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "http://www.typicallyspanish.com/news/publish/article_28717.shtml".
- ^ "Lily Allen: uncertain smile". The Telegraph (London). 16 January 2009. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/4223221/Llly-Allen-uncertain-smile.html. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ Orshoski, Wes (7 November 2006). "Exclusive: Strummer Documentary To Premiere At Sundance" (JSP). Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003353439. Retrieved 29 November 2007. ""The Future is Unwritten", Julien Temple's new film on the life and career of late Clash frontman Joe Strummer, will have its U.S. premiere in mid-January at the Sundance Film Festival in Park City, Utah."
- ^ "BBC – Somerset – In Pictures – Joe Strummer" (SHTML). Where I Live – Somerset – Celebrities and Events. BBC News. http://www.bbc.co.uk/somerset/content/image_galleries/joe_strummer_gallery.shtml. Retrieved 29 November 2007. "Julien Temple's biopic of The Clash front man, entitled Joe Strummer: The Future Is Unwritten, receives its premiere at The Palace in Bridgwater on Saturday, 5 May 2007. This photo is of a campfire in Somerset."
- ^ Kelly, Kevin (26 January 2007). "Sundance Review: Joe Strummer: The Future is Unwritten". cinematical.com. http://www.cinematical.com/2007/01/26/sundance-review-joe-strummer-the-future-is-unwritten/. Retrieved 29 November 2007. "If you can imagine what it would be like to try to document the life of one of your closest friends after their death, and to assemble everything into feature film length, you can probably see how difficult the process might be."
- ^ Cohen, Jonathan (25 April 2007). "Radio 4 Tunes In For D'Ambrosio Documentary". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003576052. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
- ^ A tribute to Joe Strummers Fender Telecaster guitar.
- ^ Musician, player and listener
- ^ "Maximum Energy: The Gear of the Original Punks". Premier Guitar. http://www.premierguitar.com/Magazine/Issue/2010/Jun/Maximum_Energy_The_Gear_of_the_Original_Punks.aspx?Page=2. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ "A tribute to Joe Strummers Fender Telecaster guitar". Strummerguitar.com. 1976-04-10. http://www.strummerguitar.com/evolutionofalegend.html. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ The Clash Equipment.
- ^ Rock Stars Guitars.
- ^ Musician Magazine 1980
Books
Films and documentaries
- Clash, The (1 October 2008). The Clash: Strummer, Jones, Simonon, Headon. London: Atlantic Books. ISBN 1-84354-788-0. OCLC 236120343.
- D'Ambrosio, Antonino (13 October 2004). Let Fury Have the Hour: The Punk Rock Politics of Joe Strummer. New York: Nation Books. ISBN 1-56025-625-7. OCLC 56988650. "Edited with an Introduction by Antonino D'Ambrosio."
- Davie, Anthony (2004). Joe Strummer & the Mescaleros: New and Previously Unpublished Photographs. Northampton: Effective. ISBN 0-9548568-1-3. OCLC 64898380.
- Davie, Anthony (2004). Vision of a Homeland: The History of Joe Strummer & the Mescaleros. Northampton: Effective. ISBN 0-9548568-0-5. OCLC 123775358.
- DeCurtis, Anthony (2003). "1952–2002 Joe Strummer – A tribute to the late Clash singer and songwriter, plus his final remarks on the rise and fall of the legendary punk band". Rolling stone (San Francisco, CA: Straight Arrow) 914 (27). ISSN 0035-791X. OCLC 96002520.
- Ferraz, Rob (08 2001). "Joe Strummer & The Clash – Revolution Rock". exclaim.ca. http://exclaim.ca/Features/Timeline/joe_strummer_clash-revolution_rock. Retrieved 22 December 2010.
- Gilbert, Pat (2005) [2004]. Passion Is a Fashion: The Real Story of The Clash (4th ed.). London: Aurum Press. ISBN 1-84513-113-4. OCLC 61177239.
- Gray, Marcus (2005) [1995]. The Clash: Return of the Last Gang in Town (5th rev. ed.). London: Helter Skelter. ISBN 1-905139-10-1. OCLC 60668626.
- Matula, Theodore (12 2003). "Joe Strummer, 1952–2002". Popular Music and Society (Bowling Green, Ohio: Taylor & Francis) 26 (4): 523–525. DOI:10.1080/0300776032000144968. ISSN 0300-7766. OCLC 89586252.
- Needs, Kris (25 January 2005). Joe Strummer and the Legend of the Clash. London: Plexus. ISBN 0-85965-348-X. OCLC 53155325.
- Yewdall, Julian Leonard; Nick Jones (1992). Joe Strummer with the 101'ers and the Clash, 1974–1976. London: Image Direct. ISBN 0-9519216-0-6. OCLC 28502630. "Photographs by Julian Leonard Yewdall; introductory text by Nick Jones."
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| Persondata |
| Name |
Strummer, Joe |
| Alternative names |
John Graham Mellor (real name) |
| Short description |
Musician and actor |
| Date of birth |
21 August 1952 |
| Place of birth |
Ankara, Turkey |
| Date of death |
22 December 2002 |
| Place of death |
Broomfield, Somerset, England |
Cricklewood 
