sed (stream editor) is a Unix utility that parses text and implements a programming language which can apply transformations to such text. It reads input line by line (sequentially), applying the operation which has been specified via the command line (or a sed script), and then outputs the line. It was developed from 1973 to 1974 as a Unix utility by Lee E. McMahon of Bell Labs, and is available today for most operating systems.

sed is one of the very early Unix commands built for command line processing of data files. It evolved as the natural successor to the popular grep command. Cousin to the later AWK, sed allows powerful and interesting data processing to be done by shell scripts.

sed and AWK are often cited as the progenitors and inspiration for Perl. The s / / / syntax shown below is part of Perl's syntax and originated with ed, the precursor to sed.

sed's language does not have variables and has only primitive GOTO and branching functionality; nevertheless, the language is Turing-complete.

Silvio Rodríguez Domínguez (born November 29, 1946 in San Antonio de los Baños) is a Cuban musician, and a leader of the nueva trova movement.

He is considered Cuba's best known folk singer and known for his highly eloquent and symbolic lyrics. Many of his songs have become classics in Latin American music, such as Ojalá, Playa Girón, Unicornio and La maza. He has released nearly 20 albums.

Rodríguez, musically and politically, is a symbol of the Latin American left wing. His lyrics are notably introspective. His songs combine romanticism, love (even eroticism), revolutionary politics, and idealism.

Rodríguez was born on November 29, 1946 in San Antonio de los Baños, a fertile valley in Havana Province known for its tobacco crop. He was raised in a family of poor farmers. His father, Víctor Dagoberto Rodríguez Ortega, was a farmer and amateur poet who supported socialist causes. His mother, Argelia Domínguez León, was a house wife. On many occasions Rodríguez has spoken how his love of music was developed by his mother, who would pass time singing boleros and songs from Santiago. Although Rodríguez had an uncle who played the bass, his mother had a far greater influence. Later, she also collaborated with him on a few musical works.

Erich Honecker (German: [ˈeːʁɪç ˈhɔnɛkɐ]; 25 August 1912 – 29 May 1994) was a German socialist politician who led the German Democratic Republic as General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1971 until 1989, serving as Head of State as well after Willi Stoph's relinquishment of that post in 1976.

Following the definite end of the Cold War, Honecker refused all but cosmetic changes and was ousted by the party in late 1989 and removed from power. Following the German reunification he successfully evaded prosecution for human rights abuses committed under his regime, finally settling down with his family in Chile in 1993, dying the following year from liver cancer.

Honecker was born on Max-Braun-Straße in Neunkirchen, now Saarland, as the son of Wilhelm Honecker, a coal miner and political activist, who in 1905 had married Caroline Catharina Weidenhof. There were six children born to the family: Katharina (Käthe), Wilhelm (Willi), Frieda, Erich, Gertrud (b. 1917; m. Hoppstädter), and Karl-Robert.

Rafael Castillo (born September 17, 1982), better known by his stage name De La Ghetto, is an American reggaeton singer/rapper originally of the duo Arcángel & De La Ghetto.

Rafael was born in New York and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico. He was born to a Dominican father and Puerto Rican mother, and he later found out that he is of Chinese descent from his maternal grandfather. In 2004, he collaborated with reggaeton artist Arcángel (born Austin Santos) to form the duo Arcángel & De la Ghetto; the group debuted with the single "Pégate", which was featured on Naldo's mixtape Sangre Nueva in 2005. He along with Arcángel signed to Zion's label Baby Records, and have appeared on numerous reggaeton albums including the compilation Mas Flow: Los Benjamins. In 2006, De la Ghetto began his solo career and appeared the next year on two hit singles, the remix of "Siente el Boom" by Tito el Bambino and a collaboration with Randy, "Sensación del Bloque". De la Ghetto's solo debut album which has been watched on Youtube over 26 million times. Masacre Musical was released in 2008.Masacre Musical peaked at #46 on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart in the U.S.; its single "Tu te Imaginas" peaked at #33 on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart.