Communities

The name Nambiar (; ; , ) applies to several Hindu communities from South India:

Kerala

Nambiar (Kshatriya) - a subdivision within the Kiryathil Nair caste from the North Malabar region of Kerala.

Nambiar (Brahmin) - Ambalavasi, Pushpaka Brahmin sect. Associated with ritualistic artforms Kutiyattam and Chakyar Koothu.

Tamil Nadu

Nambiyar- Sholiyar Brahmin name found in Tamil Nadu.

Other

Nambiar is also an English family title that is independent of Hindu Nambiars from South India.

People

Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan Nambiar known as AKG

M. N. Nambiar, a famous film actor in Tamil cinema.

Vijay Nambiar, a UN official who is the top aide to the UN Secretary General, Ban-Ki-Moon.

Lt Gen Satish Nambiar - recipient of a Vir Chakra and Force Commander of UNPROFOR

O. M. Nambiar, Indian athletics coach.

Kunchan Nambiar, Malayali poet.

K.P.P.Nambiar (Founder of Keltron- Kerala Electronics complex Limited. Former Secretary to Government of India, Department of Electronics, New Delhi)

P. C. D. Nambiar - (Former Chairman - State Bank of India)

T.P.G.Nambiar (Chairman and founder of BPL group -British Physical Laboratories Ltd.)

Karan Nambiar - (Vocalist), Guillotine

Geography

Nambiyar River in Tamil Nadu, India

See also

Nambudiri

Nambidi

Nambissan

Nayar (disambiguation)

Name	Rahul Nambiar ராகுல் நம்பியார்
Background	solo_singer
Born	Kerala, India
Genre	Film score, theatre, world music
Occupation	Singer, Composer, Performer
Years active	2006–present
Url	RAHLAAP

Rahul Nambiar is an Indian playback singer. He has sung for famous music directors including Ilayaraja, Harris Jeyaraj, Yuvan Shankar Raja, Manisarma, Vidyasagar, Hariharan-Leslie Lewis (Colonial Cousins), Sandeep Chowta, G.V. Prakash Kumar, Devi Sri Prasad, Karthik Raja, Vijay Anthony, Imman, Chakri, Thaman and many more. He has also worked with A. R. Rahman for background scores of numerous movies.

Personal Profile

He has had “just a brief stint” in classical music. The only “remote” connection his family has with music is that his grandfather was a singer with the All India Radio. But Rahul Nambiar, the Malayali sensation in the Tamil and Telugu film music industry who has hits including ‘Adada mazhadaa’ (Paiyya) and ‘Vasantha Mullai’ (‘Pokkiri') to his credit, has a voice that leaves you impressed right at the first go.

He is a versatile singer and loves to sing in different styles and modulations. The same is evident in the many songs that he has sung. Rahul has joined hands with his long time friend and Bass player Aalaap Raju to form a band named RAHLAAP. Their first album is a self-titled one RAHLAAP and will be released in HINDI. The album will have songs with various genres and the same is to be released soon.

Rahul has performed more than 400 live shows [as of 2010] (Corporate, Private and Star Nites) around India and abroad (United States, Srilanka, Singapore, Kuwait, Dubai, Bangkok etc). He has sung well over 200 songs in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam movies put together. Rahul hails from Kerala and yet he is well versed in Hindi as he was brought up in Delhi. His ability to dabble with various styles of music, languages (Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi, English etc) and connect with varied audience has made him popular among event organizers and TV show organisers.

Popular Works

Tamil

Vasantha Mullai – Pokkiri

Para Para Pattaampoochi - Tamil MA

Kaatraage Kadal – Veyil (didnt come on CD)

Yenthan Vaanamum Neethan – Vaazhthukal

Naathana Naanthana - Ninaithaley

Boomikku Velicham- Dishyum (Vocals also include Mr.Vijay Anthony)

Vanduttanda - Kaalai

Oh Baby - Malaikottai

Sooriyane - Vellithirai

Chattuputtu - Nenjil Jil Jil

Entha Kuthirayil - Sathum Podaathay

Kadatheran Naan Unnai - Thottal Poo Malarum

Airam Jannal - VEL

Dosthu Bada Dosthu - Saroja

Aa Ee - Aa Ee

Thappum Illai - Sindanai Sei

Sorgam Madhuviley - TN07 AL 4777

Adada Mazhaida - Paiyya

Thamizhan Veera Thamizhan - Sura

Pudicha - Nagaram

Pachchai Kili - Ayyanar

Nangaai - Engeyum Kadhal

Telugu

Oopiraage - Brindavanam

Priyatama - Ullasamga Uthsahamga

Maati maatiki - Ullasamga Uthsahamga

Dannaley Thaalley - Ullasamga Uthsahamga

Aa Aaa Ee Eee - Okka Magaadu

I Go Crazy - Kantri

Okka Sari - Godava

Manakanna Podiche - Parugu

O Baby - Bhayya

Valla Valla - Athidi

Prema Prema - TOSS

Maro Maro - Chirutha

Andaalane Andistha - Pourudu

Nee Jimmada - Ontari

Mila Mila Merisey - Wallposter

Bommani Chusaaka - Ramudu Manchi Baludu

Thumbsup Thunder - Jai Chiranjeeva

Chindesi Chinna Pedda - Avakai Biryani

Nechaavey Soniyae - Chedugudu

Nenu Nee Raja Raja - KING

Ela Entha Sepu - Sasirekha Parinayam

Arere vaana - Awaara

Silaka - Mirapakai

Kannada

Nannavale - Prem Kahani

Bisilu Thaagi - Savari

Pranama - Darling

Hey Preeti - Kiccha Huccha

Come On Come On - Super

Malayalam

Ennori - Malarvadi Arts Club

Swapnangal - Bhagyadevtha

Ee Raavil - Mulla

Mayakudirayil - Kelkaatha Shabdam

Nee Aam Thanalinu - Cocktail

Venmukilin - Mummy and Me

Hindi

RAHLAAP THE ALBUM

TV Serial Jingles

Arasi Maavale- Malargal (Sun TV) Alaipayuthey (Jaya TV)

Jingles (Latest)

Arun Ice Creams, Samsung Flat TV, AVS college

DISNEY Alladin (All songs relating to the character - GENIE in Tamil and Telugu)

Chennai Super Kings Anthem (Manisarma)

Chennai Super Kings Song (GV PRAKASH)

References

External links

RAHLAAP - RAHUL NAMBIAR's OFFICIAL WEBSITE

FACEBOOK PAGE

Rahul Nambiar's blog

Category:Living people Category:Indian film singers Category:Indian singers

Name	Chenicheri Satish Nambiar
Born	30 Aug 1936
Placeofbirth	Mumbai
Allegiance
Branch	Indian Army
Rank	Lieutenant General
Battles	Indo-Pakistan War of 1965Indo-Pakistan War of 1971Yugoslav Wars
Awards	Padma Bhushan PVSMAVSM Vir Chakra
Relations	Wife - Indira Daughter- Rekha Son- Rajesh

Lieutenant General Chenicheri Satish Nambiar is an Indian general who achieved international recognition as the first Force Commander and Head of Mission of UNPROFOR, the United Nations Protection Force in the former Yugoslavia, between March 1992 and March 1993. He is the elder brother of UN Under-Secretary-General Vijay Nambiar who has been in the UN since 2006.

Early life

Lt Gen Satish Nambiar was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) on 30 August 1936, to Kunhananthan Nambiar and Chenicheri Devikutty. He did most of his education in Pune and Mumbai. He is an Alumnus of St Xavier's College Mumbai during which he was an Under Officer with the National Cadet Corps. While doing his graduation he joined the 20th regular course of the Indian Military Academy He was a keen sportsman and his passion for sports continued during his military life too.

Military career

Nambiar was commissioned from the Indian Military Academy, Dehra Dun, into the 20th Battalion of the Maratha Light Infantry on 15 December 1957 .

He participated in various military operations in India’s North-Western and North-Eastern regions, including counter-insurgency operations in Nagaland, and in the Indo-Pakistan conflicts. Most notable of them being those in 1965 in the Sialkot Sector; and in 1971 in the Eastern theatre in the Liberation of Bangla Desh. He was awarded the Vir Chakra (for gallantry) during the 1971 war. During the 1962 Indo-China war, he was deployed with the 20th Maratha LI on the then Cease-Fire Line in Jammu and Kashmir. A graduate of the Australian Staff College (1968), he commanded two battalions of the Maratha Light Infantry Regiment: the 1st (Jangi Paltan) from April 1972 to November 1973, and the 20th (Mechanised) from November 1973 to July 1975.

He served in the Indian Army Training team in Iraq from July 1977 to January 1979, and on the faculty of the Defence Services Staff College at Wellington (Headquarters of the Madras Regiment) from April 1980 to January 1982. He attended the Higher Command Course at the College of Combat (now re-designated Army War College) in 1979-80.

He raised and commanded the first mechanised brigade group of the Indian Army, and later commanded the Mechanised Division. He also served as the Military Adviser at the High Commission of India in London from December 1983 to November 1987.

The General Officer served on the General Staff Branch at Divisional Headquarters and in the appointments of Additional Director General and Director General of Military Operations at Army Headquarters. In the latter capacity, he led two defence delegations for discussions with Pakistani counterparts: in the meetings held in April 1991 at New Delhi, he negotiated an agreement (which still holds) on exchange of information between the two countries on conduct of military exercises and aircraft flights in the proximity of the border, as also communications between naval vessels at sea; and in September 1991 at Islamabad, he negotiated an end to hostile action between the two countries on the Line of Control in the Poonch Sector.

Deputed by the Government of India as the first Force Commander and Head of Mission of the United Nations forces UNPROFOR in the former Yugoslavia initially in the grade of an Assistant Secretary General and later Under Secretary General, he had the distinction of setting up the Mission under most difficult conditions, and commanding it for a year from 3 March 1992 to 2 March 1993. Declining an offer of extension, he returned to the rolls of the Indian Army, and retired as the Deputy Chief of the Army Staff on 31 August 1994. Had the honour of serving as the Colonel of the Mechanised Infantry Regiment of the Indian Army from June 1988 to till retirement in August 1994.

Post Retirement

He has been actively engaged since retirement, in the study and analysis of UN Peacekeeping Operations, national security matters, including defence strategy, and international relations. Invited to speak periodically at various institutions within India and abroad like the National Defence College, the Defence Services Staff College, the Foreign Service Institute, the Jawaharlal Nehru University and other universities, the Army, Navy and Air Force War Colleges, the Royal College of Defence Studies, London and so on, the General Officer is regularly invited to attend, participate and present papers, at various international symposia, seminars, and bilateral and multilateral discussions. Contributes regularly to periodicals and journals on national security, international relations and peace operations. Has authored chapters in international publications on peace operations, international intervention, and just war and genocide.

He was the Director of the United Service Institution of India from 1 July 1996 to 31 December 2008. During a twelve and a half year period as Director, besides fulfilling the basic charter of the 138-year old Institution, he initiated three additional areas of activity: a Centre for United Nations Peacekeeping: a Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research: and a Centre for Strategic Studies and Simulation.

During 2002/2003 he was adviser to the Govt of Sri Lanka on certain aspects of the peace process in that country. On the International Advisory Council of the Folke Bernadotte Academy, Sandoverken, Sweden, he is an inaugural member of the International Advisory Board of the Security Council Report a neutral and independent non-profit organisation dedicated to reporting on the United Nations Security Council; also an inaugural member of the Advisory Council of the International Network to Promote the Rule of Law (INPROL), an initiative based at the United States Institute of Peace in Washington DC. Is on the Advisory Board of the Geneva based ICT for Peace Foundation.

On 4 November 2003 the General Officer was nominated by Kofi Annan the then Secretary General of the United Nations, to serve on a 16-member High Level Panel on “Threats, Challenges and Change” that produced a report titled “A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility”. This report formed the basis of the UN Secretary General’s report to the 2005 World Summit. Is member of the following national initiatives: a group engaged in a strategic dialogue sponsored by the Confederation of Indian Industry with the US-based Aspen Strategy Group; a trilateral USA-Japan-India dialogue; the Indian delegation at the India-EU Round Table; and the India chapter of the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific (CSCAP).

Satish Nambiar was in 2002-2003 asked by Ranil Wikremasinghe, the then Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, to advise them in an honorary capacity, on the resturcturing of the army and dealing with the contentious issue of the high security zone in north and north east Sri Lanka. He submitted a report in April 2003 which was a subject of debate in the Sri Lankan parliament but could not be pursued further as the talks between the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) broke down. He has not been associated with any delvelopments in Sri Lanka since April 2003.

In 2009 he released his book 'FOR THE HONOUR OF INDIA' which is an account of the Indian contribution to UN Peace Keeping operations worldwide.

Awards

Awarded the Vir Chakra for bravery in battle during the Indo-Pak conflict in 1971, the General Officer is also the recipient of the Ati Vishist Seva Medal (AVSM) in 1991 and the Param Vishist Seva Medal (PVSM) in 1994, for distinguished service. In recognition of his sustained efforts in the study and analysis of “National Security Affairs”, the President of India conferred the General Officer with the Padma Bhushan, a high civilian honour on the occasion of Republic Day on 26 January 2009.

Award of Vir Chakra

During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971, Major Satish Nambiar commanded a company of 1st Battalion the Maratha Light Infantry which had established a road block in the Eastern Theatre. The enemy assaulted his roadblock in strength on 10 December 1971, supported by intense artillery, mortar and small arms fire. Major Nambiar, in complete disregard for his safety, moved from trench to trench to encourage his men, beating back the assault barely 40 yards from the forward defended localities. Similar assaults by the enemy on the following day were also repulsed. Throughout, Major Satish Nambiar displayed gallantry, determination and leadership of the highest order, and was subsequently awarded the Vir Chakra.

References

See also

Satish Nambiar on BBC Hardtalk

Category:1936 births Category:Living people Category:Indian Army personnel Category:Date of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Indian generals Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan Category:Recipients of the Vir Chakra

Name	Aung San Suu Kyiေအာင္ဆန္းစုႀကည္
Birth date	June 19, 1945
Birth place	Rangoon, British Burma
Disappeared date
Death date
Resting place coordinates
Residence	54 University Avenue, Rangoon, Burma
Nationality	Burmese
Alma mater	St Hugh's College, Oxford (B.A.)SOAS (Ph.D.)
Known for	Leading the Burmese Democracy MovementGeneral Secretary of the National League for Democracy
Religion	Theravada Buddhism
Spouse	Michael Aris (1972-1999)
Children	Alexander Aris (1973) Kim Aris (1977)
Parents	Aung San and Khin Kyi
Awards
Website

Aung San Suu Kyi (; ; born 19 June 1945) is a Burmese opposition politician and a former General Secretary of the National League for Democracy. In the 1990 general election, Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy party won 59% of the national votes and 81% (392 of 485) of the seats in Parliament. She had, however, already been detained under house arrest before the elections. She remained under house arrest in Burma for almost 15 of the 21 years from July 20, 1989 until her release on 13 November 2010.

Primarily in response to her detention, Aung San Suu Kyi received the Rafto Prize and the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought in 1990 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991. In 1992 she was awarded the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding by the government of India and the International Simón Bolívar Prize from the government of Venezuela. In 2007, the Government of Canada made her an honorary citizen of that country, one of only five people ever to receive the honor. Aung San Suu Kyi is the third child and only daughter of Aung San, considered to be the father of modern-day Burma.

Name

Aung San Suu Kyi derives her name from three relatives: "Aung San" from her father, "Suu" from her paternal grandmother and "Kyi" from her mother Khin Kyi. She is frequently called Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. Daw is not part of her name, but is an honorific, similar to madame, for older, revered women, literally meaning "aunt". She is also often referred to as Daw Suu by the Burmese, and as Dr. Suu Kyi, Ms. Suu Kyi, or Mrs. Suu Kyi by the foreign media. However, like other Burmese, she has no surname (see Burmese names). Her name is pronounced Awn Sahn Sue Chee.

Personal life

Aung San Suu Kyi was born in Rangoon (now named Yangon). Her father, Aung San, founded the modern Burmese army and negotiated Burma's independence from the British Empire in 1947; he was assassinated by his rivals in the same year. She grew up with her mother, Khin Kyi, and two brothers, Aung San Lin and Aung San Oo, in Rangoon. Her favourite brother, Aung San Lin, died at age eight, when he drowned in an ornamental lake on the grounds of the house. She was educated in Methodist English High School (now Basic Education High School No. 1 Dagon) for much of her childhood in Burma, where she was noted as having a talent for learning languages. She is a Theravada Buddhist.

Suu Kyi's mother, Khin Kyi, gained prominence as a political figure in the newly formed Burmese government. She was appointed Burmese ambassador to India and Nepal in 1960, and Aung San Suu Kyi followed her there, graduating from Lady Shri Ram College in New Delhi with a degree in politics in 1964. Suu Kyi continued her education at St Hugh's College, Oxford, obtaining a B.A. degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics in 1969. After graduating, she lived in New York City with a family friend and worked at the United Nations for three years, primarily on budget matters, writing daily to her future husband, Dr. Michael Aris. In 1972, Aung San Suu Kyi married Aris, a scholar of Tibetan culture, living abroad in Bhutan.

Aris died on his 53rd birthday on 27 March 1999. Since 1989, when his wife was first placed under house arrest, he had seen her only five times, the last of which was for Christmas in 1995. She also remains separated from her children, who live in the United Kingdom.

On 2 May 2008, after Cyclone Nargis hit Burma, Suu Kyi lost the roof of her house and lived in virtual darkness after losing electricity in her dilapidated lakeside residence. She used candles at night as she was not provided any generator set. Plans to renovate and repair the house were announced in August 2009. Suu Kyi was released from house arrest on 13 November 2010.

Political beginnings

Aung San Suu Kyi returned to Burma in 1988 to take care of her ailing mother. By coincidence, in the same year, the long-time military leader of Burma and head of the ruling party, General Ne Win, stepped down. This led to mass demonstrations for democracy on 8 August 1988 (8-8-88, a day seen as auspicious), which were violently suppressed in what came to be known as the 8888 Uprising. On 26 August 1988, she addressed half a million people at a mass rally in front of the Shwedagon Pagoda in the capital, calling for a democratic government. by both Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of non-violence and by more specifically Buddhist concepts, Aung San Suu Kyi entered politics to work for democratization, helped found the National League for Democracy on 24 September 1988, and was put under house arrest on 20 July 1989. She was offered freedom if she left the country, but she refused.

One of her most famous speeches is the "Freedom From Fear" speech, which begins: "It is not power that corrupts but fear. Fear of losing power corrupts those who wield it and fear of the scourge of power corrupts those who are subject to it."

She also believes fear spurs many world leaders to lose sight of their purpose. "Government leaders are amazing", she once said. "So often it seems they are the last to know what the people want."

Political career

1990 General Election

In 1990, the military junta called a general election, in which the National League for Democracy (NLD) received 59% of the votes, guaranteeing NLD 80% of the parliament seats. Being the NLD's candidate, Aung San Suu Kyi under normal circumstances would have assumed the office of Prime Minister. Instead, the results were nullified, and the military refused to hand over power. This resulted in an international outcry. Aung San Suu Kyi was placed under house arrest at her home on University Avenue () in Rangoon. During her arrest, she was awarded the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought in 1990, and the Nobel Peace Prize the year after. Her sons Alexander and Kim accepted the Nobel Peace Prize on her behalf. Aung San Suu Kyi used the Nobel Peace Prize's 1.3 million USD prize money to establish a health and education trust for the Burmese people.

1996 attack

On 9 November 1996, the motorcade that she was traveling in with other National League for Democracy leaders Tin Oo and U Kyi Maung, was attacked in Rangoon.

About 200 men swooped on the motorcade, wielding metal chains, metal batons, stones and other weapons. The car that Aung San Suu Kyi was in had its rear window smashed, and the car with Tin Oo and U Kyi Maung had its rear window and two backdoor windows shattered. It is believed the offenders were members of the Union Solidarity Development Association (USDA) who were allegedly paid 500 kyats (USD $5) each to participate. The NLD lodged an official complaint with the police, and according to reports the government launched an investigation, but no action was taken. (Amnesty International 120297)

House arrest

Aung San Suu Kyi has been placed under house arrest on numerous occasions since she began her political career, totalling 15 of the past 21 years. During these periods, she had been prevented from meeting her party supporters and international visitors. She lives with her two maids and receives visits from her doctor. In an interview, Suu Kyi said that while under house arrest she spent her time reading philosophy, politics and biographies that her husband had sent her. She would also occupy her time by playing the piano and was occasionally allowed visits from foreign diplomats as well as her personal doctor.

The media have also been prevented from visiting. In 1998, journalist Maurizio Giuliano, after photographing her, was stopped by customs officials, and all his films, tapes and some notes were confiscated. Suu Kyi met the leader of Burma, General Than Shwe, accompanied by General Khin Nyunt on 20 September 1994, while under house arrest. It was the first meeting since she had been placed in detention.

Suu Kyi continued to be imprisoned under the 1975 State Protection Act (Article 10 b), which grants the government the power to imprison persons for up to five years without a trial, and the Law to Safeguard the State Against the Dangers of Those Desiring to Cause Subversive Acts (Article 10 a), as Suu Kyi is "likely to undermine the community peace and stability" of the country. She has appealed against her detention. Many nations and figures have continued to call for her release and that of 2,100 other political prisoners in the country. On 12 November 2010, days after the junta-backed party – Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) – won the elections which were conducted after a gap of almost 20 years, the junta finally agreed to sign orders allowing Suu Kyi's release. Her house arrest term came to an end on 13 November 2010.

UN involvement

The United Nations has attempted to facilitate dialogue between the junta and Suu Kyi. On 6 May 2002, following secret confidence-building negotiations led by the UN, the government released her; a government spokesman said that she was free to move "because we are confident that we can trust each other". Aung San Suu Kyi proclaimed "a new dawn for the country". However on 30 May 2003, a government-sponsored mob attacked her caravan in the northern village of Depayin, murdering and wounding many of her supporters. Aung San Suu Kyi fled the scene with the help of her driver, Ko Kyaw Soe Lin, but was arrested upon reaching Ye-U. The government imprisoned her at Insein Prison in Rangoon. After she underwent a hysterectomy in September 2003, the government again placed her under house arrest in Rangoon.

The results from the UN facilitation have been mixed; Razali Ismail, UN special envoy to Burma, met with Aung San Suu Kyi. Ismail resigned from his post the following year, partly because he was denied re-entry to Burma on several occasions. Several years later in 2006, Ibrahim Gambari, UN Undersecretary-General (USG) of Department of Political Affairs, met with Aung San Suu Kyi, the first visit by a foreign official since 2004. He also met with Suu Kyi later the same year. On 2 October 2007 Gambari returned to talk to her again after seeing Than Shwe and other members of the senior leadership in Naypyidaw. State television broadcast Suu Kyi with Gambari, stating that they had met twice. This was Suu Kyi's first appearance in state media in the four years since her current detention began.

The United Nations Working Group for Arbitrary Detention rendered an Opinion (No. 9 of 2004) that her deprivation of liberty was arbitrary, as being in contravention of Article 9 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, and requested that the authorities in Burma set her free, but the authorities had thus far ignored this request.

Such claims were rejected by Brig-General Khin Yi, Chief of Myanmar Police Force (MPF). On 18 January 2007, the state-run paper New Light of Myanmar accused Suu Kyi of tax evasion for spending her Nobel Prize money outside of the country. The accusation followed the defeat of a US-sponsored United Nations Security Council resolution condemning Burma as a threat to international security; the resolution was defeated because of strong opposition from China, which has strong ties with the military junta (China later voted against the resolution, along with Russia and South Africa).

In November 2007, it was reported that Suu Kyi would meet her political allies National League for Democracy along with a government minister. The ruling junta made the official announcement on state TV and radio just hours after UN special envoy Ibrahim Gambari ended his second visit to Burma. The NLD confirmed that it had received the invitation to hold talks with Suu Kyi. However, the process delivered few concrete results.

On 3 July 2009, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon went to Burma to pressure the junta into releasing Suu Kyi and to institute democratic reform. However, on departing from Burma, Ban Ki-moon said he was "disappointed" with the visit after junta leader Than Shwe refused permission for him to visit Suu Kyi, citing her ongoing trial. Ban said he was "deeply disappointed that they have missed a very important opportunity."

Periods under detention

20 July 1989: Placed under house arrest in Rangoon under martial law that allows for detention without charge or trial for three years. 25 May 2007: House arrest extended by one year despite a direct appeal from U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan to General Than Shwe. 24 October 2007: Reached 12 years under house arrest, protests held at 12 cities around the world. 27 May 2008: House arrest extended for another year, which is illegal under both international law and Burma's own law.

11 August 2009: House arrest extended for 18 more months because of "violation" arising from the May 2009 trespass incident.

13 November 2010: Released from house arrest.

2007 anti-government protests

Protests led by Buddhist monks began on 19 August 2007 following steep fuel price increases, and continued each day, despite the threat of a crackdown by the military.

On 22 September 2007, although still under house arrest, Suu Kyi made a brief public appearance at the gate of her residence in Rangoon to accept the blessings of Buddhist monks who were marching in support of human rights. It was reported that she had been moved the following day to Insein Prison (where she had been detained in 2003), but meetings with UN envoy Ibrahim Gambari near her Rangoon home on 30 September and 2 October established that she remained under house arrest.

2009 trespass incident

visiting Suu Kyi in 2009. Webb negotiated the release of John Yettaw, the man who trespassed in Suu Kyi's home, resulting in her arrest and conviction with three years' hard labor.]]

On 3 May 2009, an American man, identified as John Yettaw, swam across Inya Lake to her house uninvited and was arrested when he made his return trip three days later. He had attempted to make a similar trip two years earlier, but for unknown reasons was turned away. He later claimed at trial that he was motivated by a divine vision requiring him to notify her of an impending terrorist assassination attempt. On 13 May, Suu Kyi was arrested for violating the terms of her house arrest because the swimmer, who pleaded exhaustion, was allowed to stay in her house for two days before he attempted the swim back. Suu Kyi was later taken to Insein Prison, where she could have faced up to five years confinement for the intrusion. The trial of Suu Kyi and her two maids began on 18 May and a small number of protesters gathered outside. Diplomats and journalists were barred from attending the trial; however, on one occasion, several diplomats from Russia, Thailand and Singapore and journalists were allowed to meet Suu Kyi. The prosecution had originally planned to call 22 witnesses. It also accused John Yettaw of embarrassing the country. During the ongoing defence case, Suu Kyi said she was innocent. The defence was allowed to call only one witness (out of four), while the prosecution was permitted to call 14 witnesses. The court rejected two character witnesses, NLD members Tin Oo and Win Tin, and permitted the defense to call only a legal expert. According to one unconfirmed report, the junta was planning to, once again, place her in detention, this time in a military base outside the city. In a separate trial, Yettaw said he swam to Suu Kyi's house to warn her that her life was "in danger". The national police chief later confirmed that Yettaw was the "main culprit" in the case filed against Suu Kyi. According to aides, Suu Kyi spent her 64th birthday in jail sharing biryani rice and chocolate cake with her guards.

Her arrest and subsequent trial received worldwide condemnation by the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, the United Nations Security Council, Western governments, South Africa, Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, of which Burma is a member. The Burmese government strongly condemned the statement, as it created an "unsound tradition" and criticised Thailand for meddling in its internal affairs. The Burmese Foreign Minister Nyan Win was quoted in the state-run newspaper New Light of Myanmar as saying that the incident "was trumped up to intensify international pressure on Burma by internal and external anti-government elements who do not wish to see the positive changes in those countries' policies toward Burma". by flying to Burma to negotiate, but Than Shwe rejected all of his requests.

On 11 August 2009 the trial concluded with Suu Kyi being sentenced to imprisonment for three years with hard labour. This sentence was commuted by the military rulers to further house arrest of 18 months. On 14 August, U.S. Senator Jim Webb visited Burma, visiting with junta leader Gen. Than Shwe and later with Suu Kyi. During the visit, Webb negotiated Yettaw's release and deportation from Burma. Following the verdict of the trial, lawyers of Suu Kyi said, they would appeal against the 18-month sentence. On 18 August, United States President Barack Obama asked the country's military leadership to set free all political prisoners, including Aung San Suu Kyi. In her appeal, Aung San Suu Kyi had argued that the conviction was unwarranted. However, her appeal against the August sentence was rejected by a Burmese court on 2 October 2009. Although the court accepted the argument that the 1974 constitution, under which she had been charged, was null and void, it also said the provisions of the 1975 security law, under which she has been kept under house arrest, remained in force. The verdict effectively meant that she would be unable to participate in the elections scheduled to take place in 2010 — the first in Burma in two decades. Her lawyer stated that her legal team would pursue a new appeal within 60 days.

2009: International pressure for release, and Burmese general election 2010

It was announced prior to the Burmese general election that Aung San Suu Kyi may be released "so she can organize her party," However, Suu Kyi was not allowed to run. On 1 October 2010 the government announced that she would be released on November 13, 2010.

Burma's relaxing stance, such as releasing political prisoners, was influenced in the wake of successful recent diplomatic visits by the US and other democratic governments, urging or encouraging the Burmese towards democratic reform. U.S. President Barack Obama personally advocated for the release of all political prisoners, especially Aung San Suu Kyi, during the US-ASEAN Summit of 2009.

Democratic governments hoped that successful general elections would be an optimistic indicator of the Burmese governments sincerity towards eventual democracy. The Hatoyama government which spent 2.82 Billion yen in 2008, has promised more Japanese foreign aid to encourage Burma to release Aung San Suu Kyi in time for the elections; and to continue moving towards democracy and the rule of law.

In a personal letter to Suu Kyi, UK Prime Minster Gordon Brown cautioned the Burmese government of the potential consequences of rigging elections as "condemning Burma to more years of diplomatic isolation and economic stagnation".

The Burmese government has been granting Suu Kyi varying degrees of freedom throughout late 2009, in response to international pressure. She has met with many heads of state, and opened a dialog with labor minister Aung Kyi (not to be confused with Aung San Suu Kyi).

Suu Kyi was allowed, however, to meet with senior members of her NLD party, under close supervision, at the State House.

2010 release

On the evening of 13 November 2010, Aung San Suu Kyi was released from house arrest. This was the date her detention had been set to expire according to a court ruling in August 2009 and came six days after a widely-criticized general election. She appeared in front of a crowd of her supporters, who rushed to her house in Rangoon when nearby barricades were removed by the security forces. The Nobel Peace Prize laureate had been detained for 15 of the past 21 years. The government newspaper New Light of Myanmar reported the release positively, saying she had been granted a pardon after serving her sentence "in good conduct". The New York Times suggested that the military government may have released Suu Kyi because it felt it was in a confident position to control her supporters after the election. Australia and South America, as well as India, Japan and South Korea. In December 2007, the US House of Representatives voted unanimously 400–0 to award Aung San Suu Kyi the Congressional Gold Medal; the Senate concurred on 25 April 2008. On 6 May 2008, President George Bush signed legislation awarding Suu Kyi the Congressional Gold Medal. She is the first recipient in American history to receive the prize while imprisoned. More recently, there has been growing criticism of her detention by Burma's neighbours in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, particularly from Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines and Singapore. At one point Malaysia warned Burma faced expulsion from ASEAN as a result of the detention of Suu Kyi. Other nations including South Africa, Bangladesh and the Maldives have also called for her release. The United Nations has urged the country to move towards inclusive national reconciliation, the restoration of democracy, and full respect for human rights. In December 2008, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution condemning the human rights situation in Burma and calling for Suu Kyi's release—80 countries voting for the resolution, 25 against and 45 abstentions. Other nations, such as China and Russia are less critical of the regime and prefer to cooperate only on economic matters. Indonesia has urged China to push Burma for reforms. However, Samak Sundaravej, former Prime Minister of Thailand, criticised the amount of support for Suu Kyi, saying that "Europe uses Aung San Suu Kyi as a tool. If it's not related to Aung San Suu Kyi, you can have deeper discussions with Myanmar." U2 supported her on their 2009 U2 360° Tour by encouraging fans to wear masks with her likeness on them during the band's performance of the song "Walk On", which was originally written for her, and in some cities they welcomed Amnesty International volunteers on stage again during the performance of the song, carrying lanterns in her tribute. In 2005, Irish singer songwriter Damien Rice released the single Unplayed Piano in support of Aung San Suu Kyi.

Vietnam, however, does not support calls by other ASEAN member states for Myanmar to free Aung San Suu Kyi, state media reported Friday, 14 August. 2009. The state-run Việt Nam News said Vietnam had no criticism of Myanmar's decision 11 August 2009 to place Suu Kyi under house arrest for the next 18 months, effectively barring her from elections scheduled for 2010. "It is our view that the Aung San Suu Kyi trial is an internal affair of Myanmar", Vietnamese government spokesman Le Dung stated on the website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In contrast with other ASEAN member states, Dung said Vietnam has always supported Myanmar and hopes it will continue to implement the "roadmap to democracy" outlined by its government.

Nobel Peace Prize

Aung San Suu Kyi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991. The decision of the Nobel Committee mentions:

Nobel Peace Prize winners (Archbishop Desmond Tutu, The Dalai Lama, Shirin Ebadi, Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Mairead Corrigan, Rigoberta Menchú, Prof. Elie Wiesel, U.S. President Barack Obama, Betty Williams, Jody Williams and former U.S. President Jimmy Carter) called for the rulers of Burma to release Suu Kyi "create the necessary conditions for a genuine dialogue with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and all concerned parties and ethnic groups in order to achieve an inclusive national reconciliation with the direct support of the United Nations."

Organizations

Freedom Now, a Washington, D.C.-based non-profit organization, was retained in 2006 by a member of her family to help secure Aung San Suu Kyi's release from house arrest. The organization successfully secured a positive judgment from the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and has been conducting political and public relations advocacy on her behalf.

Aung San Suu Kyi has been an honorary board member of International IDEA and ARTICLE 19 since her detention, and has received support from these organisations.

The Vrije Universiteit Brussel and the Université catholique de Louvain, both located in Belgium, have granted her the title of Doctor Honoris Causa. In 2003, the Freedom Forum recognized Suu Kyi's efforts to promote democracy peacefully with the Al Neuharth Free Spirit of the Year Award, in which she was presented over satellite because she was under house arrest. She was awarded one million dollars. In June of each year, the U.S. Campaign for Burma organizes hundreds of "Arrest Yourself" house parties around the world in support of Aung San Suu Kyi. At these parties, the organizers keep themselves under house arrest for 24 hours, invite their friends, and learn more about Burma and Aung San Suu Kyi.

The Freedom Campaign, a joint effort between the Human Rights Action Center and US Campaign for Burma, looks to raise worldwide attention to the struggles of Aung San Suu Kyi and the people of Burma.

The Burma Campaign UK is a UK based NGO (Non Governmental Organisation) that aims to raise awareness of Burma's struggles and follow the guidelines established by the NLD and Aung San Suu Kyi.

St. Hugh's College, Oxford, where she studied, had a Burmese theme for their annual ball in support of her in 2006.

Aung San Suu Kyi is the official patron of The Rafto Human Rights House in Bergen, Norway. She received the Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize in 1990.

She was made an honorary free person of the City of Dublin, Ireland in November 1999, although a space had been left on the roll of signatures to symbolize her continued detention.

In November 2005 the human rights group Equality Now proposed Aung Sun Suu Kyi as a potential candidate, among other qualifying women, for the position of U.N. Secretary General. In the proposed list of qualified women Suu Kyi is recognised by Equality Now as the Prime Minister-Elect of Burma. Aung San Suu Kyi is an honorary member of The Elders, a group of eminent global leaders brought together by Nelson Mandela. Her ongoing detention means that she is unable to take an active role in the group, so The Elders place an empty chair for her at their meetings. The Elders have consistently called for the release of all political prisoners in Burma.

In 2008, Burma’s devoted human rights leader and Nobel Peace Prize, was welcomed as Club of Madrid Honorary Member.

Books

Authored

Der Weg zur Freiheit (1999) with U Kyi Maung, U Tin Oo, ISBN 978-3404614356

Letters from Burma (1998) with Fergal Keane ISBN 978-0140264036

The Voice of Hope (1998) with Alan Clements, ISBN 978-1888363838, fully updated and re-issued in October 2008 by Rider Books, ISBN 978-1846041433

Letter to Daniel: Despatches from the Heart (1996) by Fergal Keane, foreword by Aung San Suu Kyi, edited by Tony Grant ISBN 978-0140262896

Freedom from Fear and other Writings (1995) with Václav Havel, Desmond M. Tutu, and Michael Aris, ISBN 978-0140253177

Burma's Revolution of the Spirit: The Struggle for Democratic Freedom and Dignity (1994) with Alan Clements, Leslie Kean, the Dalai Lama, Sein Win, ISBN 978-0893815806

Aung San of Burma: A Biographical Portrait by His Daughter (1991) ISBN 978-1870838801, 2nd edition 1995

Aung San (Leaders of Asia Series) (1990) ISBN 978-9990288834

Burma and India: Some aspects of intellectual life under colonialism (1990) ISBN 978-8170231349

Bhutan (Let's Visit Series) (1986) ISBN 978-0222010995

Nepal (Let's Visit Series) (1985) ISBN 978-0222009814

Burma (Let's Visit Series) (1985) ISBN 978-0222009791

Edited

Tibetan Studies in Honour of Hugh Richardson. Edited by Michael Aris and Aung San Suu Kyi. (1979). Vikas Publishing house, New Delhi.

Awards

Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding (1993) Prize For Freedom of the Liberal International (1995) Honorary Companion of the Order of Australia (1996) Doctor of Laws Honorary degree from the University of Bath (1998)

Freedom of Dublin City,Ireland (1999)

Presidential Medal of Freedom (2000)

UNESCO Madanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance & Non-Violence (2002)

Gwangju Prize for Human Rights (2004)

Olof Palme Prize (2005)

Doctor of Laws (honoris causa) from Memorial University of Newfoundland (2004) Freedom from Fear award (2006) Honorary Canadian citizenship (2007) Honorary President of the LSESU (2007) Doctorate of Letters (honoris causa) from Colgate University (2008) Congressional Gold Medal (2008) Premi Internacional Catalunya (2008)

Honorary Member of the Club of Madrid (2008)

Freedom Of Glasgow (2009) Mahatma Gandhi International Award for Peace and Reconciliation (2009) Honorary Doctor of Laws from University of Ulster in recognition of her services to human rights (2009) Ambassador of Conscience Award (2009) from Amnesty International

Popular media

She was portrayed by Adelle Lutz in John Boorman's 1995 motion picture Beyond Rangoon, which takes place during the 8888 Uprising.

In a list compiled by the British magazine New Statesman in 2006, she was voted as number one among the "50 Heroes of Our Time". Other "heroes" mentioned were Nelson Mandela, Noam Chomsky, Bill Gates, and Bono. The 2000 song "Walk On" by U2 is about her, according to Bono. During U2's 2009 tour, the band invited fans to wear masks of Suu Kyi's face (printable from their website) during the song "Walk On." The release of Aung San Suu Kyi is the subject of a Chrysler commercial featuring Nobel Prize laureates traveling in stylish black Chrysler 300's to the 10th Nobel Laureate summit in Berlin. However, one Laureate could not attend, Aung San Suu Kyi represented by a empty white Chrysler 300. "The Lady Of Burma", a play written by Richard Shannon and staged in the London Old Vic, dealt with the life of Aung San Suu Kyi and received rave reviews in the UK press, including The Independent.

She is mentioned in the State Radio song "Bohemian Grove".

She was voted as number 34 among the "The World's 50 Most Influential Figures 2010" by the British magazine New Statesman. She will be portrayed by Michelle Yeoh in The Lady, a forthcoming film written by Rebecca Frayn and directed by Luc Besson. Unplayed Piano by Damien Rice was released in Ireland on June 17, 2005 and in the UK on June 20, 2005 to coincide with Aung San Suu Kyi's 60th birthday. The song was written for Suu Kyi following a visit by Damien to Burma in July 2004. Proceeds from the sale of the single go to the Burma Campaign UK. Rice and Hannigan recorded a charity song, campaigning for her release, called "Unplayed Piano", which they performed at the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize Concert in Oslo.

See also

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi's pages

Burma Campaign UK

Human rights in Burma

List of female Nobel laureates

National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma

National League for Democracy

Burma VJ

Footnotes

Bibliography

Miller, J. E. (2001). Who's who in contemporary women's writing. Routledge.

Reid, R., Grosberg, M. (2005). Myanmar (Burma). Lonely Planet. ISBN 978-1740596954.

Stewart, Whitney (1997). Aung San Suu Kyi: fearless voice of Burma. Twenty-First Century Books. ISBN 978-0822549314.

Further reading

Aung San Suu Kyi (Modern Peacemakers) (2007) by Judy L. Hasday, ISBN 978-0791094358

The Lady: Aung San Suu Kyi: Nobel Laureate and Burma's Prisoner (2002) by Barbara Victor, ISBN 978-0571211777, or 1998 hardcover: ISBN 978-0571199440

Perfect Hostage: A Life of Aung San Suu Kyi (2007) by Justin Wintle, ISBN 978-0091796815

Tyrants: The World's 20 Worst Living Dictators (2006) by David Wallechinsky, ISBN 978-0060590048

Aung San Suu Kyi (Trailblazers of the Modern World) (2004) by William Thomas, ISBN 978-0836852639

No Logo: No Space, No Choice, No Jobs (2002) by Naomi Klein ISBN 978-0312421434

Mental culture in Burmese crisis politics: Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy (ILCAA Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Monograph Series) (1999) by Gustaaf Houtman, ISBN 978-4872977486

Hidden Agendas (1998) by John Pilger, ISBN 978-0099741510

Aung San Suu Kyi: Standing Up for Democracy in Burma (Women Changing the World) (1998) by Bettina Ling ISBN 978-1558611979

Prisoner for Peace: Aung San Suu Kyi and Burma's Struggle for Democracy (Champions of Freedom Series) (1994) by John Parenteau, ISBN 978-1883846053

Des femmes prix Nobel de Marie Curie à Aung San Suu Kyi, 1903–1991 (1992) by Charlotte Kerner, Nicole Casanova, Gidske Anderson, ISBN 978-2721004277

Aung San Suu Kyi, towards a new freedom (1998) by Chin Geok Ang ISBN 978-9814024303

Aung San Suu Kyi's struggle: Its principles and strategy (1997) by Mikio Oishi ISBN 978-9839861068

Finding George Orwell in Burma (2004) by Emma Larkin ISBN 0143037110

Character Is Destiny: Inspiring Stories Every Young Person Should Know and Every Adult Should Remember (2005) by John McCain, Mark Salter. Random House ISBN 978-1400064120

The Political Thought of Aung San Suu Kyi by Josef Siverstein (1996)

Under the Dragon: A Journey Through Burma (1998/2010) by Rory MacLean ISBN 978-1-84511-622-4

External links

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi's pages

The Voice of Her People: Aung San Suu Kyi

Suu Kyi Freed After 15 Years - video report by Democracy Now!

Burma's Suu Kyi, Free at Last - slideshow by Der Spiegel

Habeas-Corpus.net, a pro Justice and Democracy web dedicates a page to Aung San Suu Kyi and Burma.

"If We Want Change, We Have to Make It Happen" Nov 2010 interview with Suu Kyi by Aung Zaw

Category:1945 births Category:Alumni of St Hugh's College, Oxford Category:Alumni of the School of Oriental and African Studies Category:Buddhist pacifists Category:Burmese criminals Category:Burmese democracy activists Category:Burmese human rights activists Category:Burmese Nobel laureates Category:Burmese pacifists Category:Burmese prisoners and detainees Category:Burmese socialists Category:Burmese Theravada Buddhists Category:Burmese women in politics Category:Burmese women writers Category:Burmese writers Category:Civil rights activists Category:Companions of the Order of Australia Category:Congressional Gold Medal recipients Category:Gandhians Category:Living people Category:National League for Democracy politicians Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates Category:Nonviolence advocates Category:Olof Palme Prize laureates Category:People from Yangon Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients Category:Prisoners and detainees of Burma Category:Recipients of the Sakharov Prize Category:Global Elders Category:Women Nobel Laureates Category:Free Your Mind Award winners Category:University of Delhi alumni

Name	Harris Jayaraj
Background	non_performing_personnel
Birth name	Harris Jayaraj
Born	January 08, 1975
Origin	Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Instrument	Guitar, keyboard, piano, percussion
Genre	Film Score
Occupation	Music director
Years active	2001–present

Harris Jayaraj (; born 8 January 1975, in Tirunelveli) is a film composer. He has written scores and soundtracks and played music for many Tamil films, as well as Telugu and Hindi films. He lives in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Early life

Harris Jayaraj was born to a pious Christian Nadar family in tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu. He studied at the Krishnasamy Matric School, Chennai. His father, S. M. Jayakumar, was a film guitarist who later became a noted musician and Chennai film composer. His father was an assistant to Malayalam music director Shyam and he hoped to make his child Harris a great singer. But Harris' interest was in film music and he once confessed that he couldn't sing well. Harris Jayaraj was an early admirer of the work of Hans Zimmer.

Career

Harris Jayaraj entered the world of film music as a musician, programming scores and drum-percussion for films under the Indian music director A. R. Rahman. Harris had been the first person to receive the title of Top Mark Scorer in Asia from Trinity College of Music. Harris began his career as a keyboardist for several music directors over twelve years including Rahman, Mani Sharma, Vidyasagar, Karthik Raja, Yuvan Shankar Raja and Sirpi, in addition to composing beats for TV advertisements.

His first film project was Minnale. The music he scored was well received, particularly the song "Vaseegara", which was in the charts for weeks. Next, he composed music for the Tamil films 12B and Majunu, which met with high acclaim. His Minnale score was later used in the Hindi version, titled Rehnaa Hai Terre Dil Mein. Harris's collaborations with director Gautham Menon have been widely acclaimed, both of them being very successful in Tamil film industry. They have worked together in a series of hit movies like Minnale (2001), Kaaka Kaaka (2003), Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu (2006), Pachaikili Muthucharam (2007) and ''Varanam Aayiram (2008).

Filmography

{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align="center" !Year !Tamil !Telugu !Hindi !Notes |---- |rowspan="3"| 2001 |Minnale | Cheli |Rehna Hai Tere Dil Mein |Winner, Filmfare Best Tamil Music Director Award |---- |Majunu | | | |---- |12B | 12B | Do Raaste - 12B | |---- |rowspan="3"| 2002 |Lesa Lesa | | | |---- |Vetri |Vasu | | |---- |Samurai |Samurai | | |---- |rowspan="3"| 2003 |Saamy |Swamy IPS | | |---- |Kovil |Rudhrudu | | |---- |Kaakha Kaakha |Gharshana (2004) |Force (2011) |Winner, Filmfare Best Tamil Music Director AwardWinner, Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music DirectorWinner, ITFA Best Music Director Award |---- |rowspan="3"| 2004 |Chellamae |Prema Chadarangam | | |---- |Arasatchi |Judgement | | |---- |Arul |Akhandudu | | |---- |rowspan="4"| 2005 |Thotti Jaya |Jalakanta | | |---- |Ullam Ketkumae |Preminchi Chudu | | |---- |Ghajini | | | |---- |Anniyan |Aparichithudu |Aparichit |Winner, Filmfare Best Tamil Music Director Award |---- |rowspan="2"| 2006 |Vettaiyaadu Vilaiyaadu |Raghavan | | |---- |Kumaran |Sainikudu | | |---- |rowspan="3"| 2007 |Pachaikili Muthucharam |Dhrohi | | |---- |Unnale Unnale |Neevalle Neevalle | | |---- |Vetri Thirumagan (2008) |Munna | | |---- |rowspan="4"| 2008 |Bheema |Bheema | | |---- |Sathyam |Salute | | |---- |Dhaam Dhoom | | | |---- |Vaaranam Aayiram |Surya S/O Krishnan | |Winner, Filmfare Best Tamil Music Director AwardWinner, ITFA Best Music Director AwardWinner, Vijay Award for Best Music Director |---- |rowspan="2"| 2009 |Ayan | Veedokkade | |Winner, Filmfare Best Tamil Music Director AwardWinner, Radio Mirchi Award for Best Album Of the year |---- |Aadhavan |Ghatikudu | |Winner, Vijay Award for Best Music DirectorWinner, Isaiaruvi Award for Best Music Director |---- |rowspan="2"| 2010 | |Orange | | |---- |Engeyum Kadhal | | | |---- |rowspan="4"| 2011 |Ko | | | |---- |7aam Arivu | | | |---- |Nanban | | | |---- |Oru Kal Oru Kannadi | | | |---- |rowspan="1"| 2012 |Maatraan || | | |}

Personal life

Harris is married to Joyce (formerly Suma). The couple have a son called Samuel Nicholas and a daughter called Karen Nikita. Harris' father Jayakumar is a noted evangelistic musician. As a student in Trinity College of Music Harris received the title of 'Top mark scorer in Asia'. His music albums have been commercially successful throughout his career. Harris established his own studio named Trinity Studios in his own residence.

Awards

Harris Jayaraj won the Filmfare Best Music Director Award (Tamil) for Minnale (2001), Kaakha Kaakha (2003), Anniyan (2005), Vaaranam Aayiram (2008) and Ayan (2009).

He has won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Director for Kaakha Kaakha (2003) and Anniyan / Ghajini (2005).

He has been awarded Meera Tamil Music Awards (by Isai Aruvi TV) in 2008 in the categories of Best Album of the Year (Unnalae Unnalae) and the Most Listened Song of the Year ("June Ponaal"). In 2009 he received awards in the categories of Best Music Composer and Best Music Album of the Year, both for Vaaranam Aayiram, and also the Best Romantic Song of the Year award for the song "Anbe En Anbe" in Dhaam Dhoom.

In 2009, he received an International Tamil Film Award (ITFA) in the category of Best Music Director (Vaaranam Aayiram).

He received two Vijay Awards in 2009 in the categories of Best Music Composer (Vaaranam Aayiram and Dhaam Dhoom) and Favorite Song of the Year ("Anjalai" from Vaaranam Aayiram). In the next consecutive year, he was awarded the Best Music Director Award for Aadhavan.

He has received the prestigious Kalaimamani award from the Tamil Nadu government.

References

External links

Category:1975 births Category:Indian Christians Category:Indian film score composers Category:Living people Category:Tamil film score composers Category:Tamil musicians Category:Telugu film score composers

Name	Aung San
Born	13 February 1915
Died	19 July 1947 (aged 32)
Placeofbirth	Natmauk, Magwe, British Burma
Placeofdeath	Rangoon, British Burma
Caption	Statue of Aung San on the northern shore of Kandawgyi Lake in Yangon
Allegiance	Burma National ArmyAnti-Fascist People's Freedom League Communist Party of Burma
Rank	Major General
Battles	World War II

Bogyoke (General) Aung San (, ); 13 February 1915 – 19 July 1947) was a Burmese revolutionary, nationalist, and founder of the modern Burmese army, the Tatmadaw.

He was a founder of Communist Party of Burma and was instrumental in bringing about Burma's independence from British colonial rule in Burma, but was assassinated six months before its final achievement. He is recognized as the leading architect of independence, and the founder of the Union of Burma. Affectionately known as "Bogyoke" (General), Aung San is still widely admired by the Burmese people, and his name is still invoked in Burmese politics to this day.

Aung San was the father of Nobel Peace laureate and opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi.

Youth

Aung San was born to U Pha, a lawyer, and his wife Daw Suu in Natmauk, Magwe district, in central Burma in 1915. His family was already well known in the Burmese resistance movement; his great uncle Bo Min Yaung fought against the British annexation of Burma in 1886.

Aung San received his primary education at a Buddhist monastic school in Natmauk, and secondary education at Yenangyaung High School. He went to Rangoon University (now the University of Yangon) and received a B.A. degree in English Literature, Modern History, and Political Science in 1938.

Names of Aung San

Name at birth: Htein Lin () As student leader and a thakin: Aung San () Nom de guerre: Bo Tayza () Japanese Name: Omoda Monji ()

Chinese Name: Tan Lu Sho

Resistance period code name: U Naung Cho () Contact code name with General Ne Win: Ko Set Pe ()

Struggle for independence

After Aung San entered Rangoon University in 1933, he quickly became a student leader. (China was still under nationalist government during WWII), but he was intercepted by the Japanese military occupiers in Amoy, and was convinced by them to go to Japan instead. In February 1941, Aung San returned to Burma, with an offer of arms and financial support from the Fumimaro Konoe government. He returned briefly to Japan to receive more military training, along with the first batch of young revolutionaries who came to be known as the Thirty Comrades. Karen representatives played a relatively minor role in the conference and, as subsequent rebellions revealed, remained alienated from the new state.

In general elections held in April 1947, the AFPFL won 176 out of 210 seats in the election for a Constituent Assembly, while the Karens won 24, the Communists 6 and Anglo-Burmans winning 4. In July, Aung San convened a series of conferences at Sorrenta Villa in Rangoon to discuss the rehabilitation of Burma.

Assassination

On 19 July 1947, a gang of armed paramilitaries of former Prime Minister U Saw broke into the Secretariat Building in downtown Rangoon during a meeting of the Executive Council (the shadow government established by the British in preparation for the transfer of power) and assassinated Aung San and six of his cabinet ministers, including his older brother Ba Win, father of Sein Win leader of the government-in-exile, the National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB). A cabinet secretary and a bodyguard were also killed. U Saw was subsequently tried and hanged. During his trial a number of middle-ranking British army officers were implicated in the plot; they also were tried and imprisoned. The British Council representative in Rangoon was also heavily implicated but was allowed to leave the country. Rumours of higher-level British involvement, and/or involvement by Ne Win, Aung San's long-term rival for leadership within the AFPFL, are unproven and probably unfounded.

Family

While he was War Minister in 1942, Aung San met and married Khin Kyi, and around the same time her sister met and married Thakin Than Tun, the Communist leader. Aung San and Khin Kyi had four children. Their youngest surviving child, Aung San Suu Kyi, is a Nobel Peace Prize laureate and leader of the Burmese Opposition, the National League for Democracy (NLD), and was until 13 November 2010, held under house arrest by the military regime. Their second son, Aung San Lin, died at age eight, when he drowned in an ornamental lake in the grounds of the house. The elder, Aung San Oo, is an engineer working in the United States and has disagreed with his sister's political activities. Their youngest daughter, Aung San Chit, born in September 1946, died a few days after her birth. Aung San's wife Daw Khin Kyi died on 27 December 1988.

Legacy

His place in history as the Architect of Burmese Independence and a national hero is assured both from his own legacy and due to the activities of his daughter. Aung San Suu Kyi was only two when her father died. A martyrs' mausoleum was built at the foot of the Shwedagon Pagoda and 19 July was designated Martyr's Day (Azani nei), a public holiday. His literary work entitled "Burma's Challenge" was likewise popular.

Aung San's name had been invoked by successive Burmese governments since independence until the military regime in the 1990s tried to eradicate all traces of Aung San's memory. Nevertheless, several statues of him adorn the former capital Yangon and his portrait still has pride of place in many homes and offices throughout the country. Scott Market, Yangon's most famous, was renamed Bogyoke Market in his memory, and Commissioner Road was retitled Bogyoke Aung San Road after independence. These names have been retained. Many towns and cities in Burma have thoroughfares and parks named after him. His portrait was held up everywhere during the 8888 Uprising in 1988 and used as a rallying point. Following the 8888 Uprising, the government redesigned the national currency, the kyat, removing his picture and replacing it with scenes of Burmese life.

References

Kin Oung. Who Killed Aung San? White Lotus, 2^nd edition. ISBN 9748496686

External links

Aung San Homepage

Photographs of Aung San

Lord Listowel's account of Aung San's last years and death

Aung San's resolution to the Constituent Assembly regarding the Burmese Constitution, June 16, 1947

BBC documentary on YouTube, July 19, 1997

Category:Burmese generals Category:Burmese rebels Category:Assassinated Burmese politicians Category:Burmese collaborators with Imperial Japan Category:Deaths by firearm in Burma Category:1915 births Category:1947 deaths Category:People murdered in Burma Category:Rangoon University alumni Category:Communist Party of Burma politicians Category:Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League politicians Category:Government ministers of Burma Category:State of Burma