Eastern Time Zone
(furthest right yellow)
UTC offset
EST	UTC−5:00
EDT	UTC−4:00
Current time (Refresh the clock.)
EDT	1:16 pm on Jun 26, 2012
Obsevance of DST
DST is observed throughout this time zone between the 2nd Sunday in March and the 1st Sunday in November.
DST began	Mar 11, 2012
DST ends	Nov 4, 2012

The Eastern Time Zone contains 17 states in the eastern part of the Continental United States and is shared by parts of Canada and three countries in South America. These places use Eastern Standard Time (EST) when observing standard time (autumn/winter) - which is 5 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time (UTC−05) - and Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) when observing daylight saving time (spring/summer) - which is 4 hours behind (UTC−04). On the second Sunday in March, at 2:00 am EST, clocks are advanced to 3:00 am EDT leaving a one hour gap. On the first Sunday in November, at 2:00 am EDT, clocks are moved back to 1:00 am EST.

History[link]

The 1966 Uniform Time Act in the United States meant that EDT was instituted on the last Sunday in April, starting in 1966.^[1] EST would be re-instituted on the last Sunday in October. The act was amended to make the first Sunday in April the beginning of EDT as of 1987.^[1] The Energy Policy Act of 2005 extended daylight saving time in the United States beginning in 2007, so that the local time changes at 2:00 am EST to 3:00 am EDT on the second Sunday in March and returns at 2:00 am EDT to 1:00 am EST on the first Sunday in November.^[1] In Canada, the time changes as it does in the United States.^[2][3]

Canada[link]

In Canada, the following provinces and territories are part of the Eastern Time Zone:

• Ontario (excluding areas west of Thunder Bay but including Atikokan)
• Quebec (excluding far eastern Côte-Nord and the Magdalen Islands)
• East-central Nunavut (including part of Melville Peninsula and most of Ellesmere and Baffin Islands, including Iqaluit; Southampton Island does not observe DST)

United States[link]

In the United States, the District of Columbia along with seventeen states are entirely located within the Eastern Time zone, while another six are split between the Eastern and Central time zones.

The seventeen states which observe only Eastern time are as follows.

The exact specification for the location of time zones and the dividing line between zones is set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations at 49 CFR 71.^[4]

These six states are split between Eastern and Central time.

• Alabama: The entire state is officially in the Central Time Zone. However, a handful of communities unofficially observe Eastern Time because they are part of the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area – Phenix City, Smiths Station, Lanett, and Valley.^[5]
• Florida: All of Florida is in the Eastern Time zone except for the portion of the Florida panhandle west of the Apalachicola River. As the Eastern-Central zone boundary approaches the Gulf of Mexico, it follows the Bay/Gulf county line.
• Indiana: All of Indiana observes Eastern Time except for six northwestern counties in the Chicago metropolitan area and six southern counties in the Evansville metropolitan area.
  • Until 2006, the portions of Indiana within the Eastern Time Zone observed Eastern Standard Time year-round—except that five counties near Cincinnati and Louisville customarily observed Eastern Daylight Time despite legally being on Eastern Standard Time. See Time in Indiana.
• Kentucky: Roughly, the eastern half of the state, including all of metropolitan Louisville is in the Eastern Time Zone and the western half is in the Central Time Zone; however, the boundary is not a neat "north-south" line but runs northwest-southeast.
• Michigan: All of Michigan observes Eastern Time except the four counties in the Upper Peninsula along the border with Wisconsin, which observe Central Time – Gogebic, Iron, Dickinson, Menominee. Historically the entire state observed Central Time. When daylight saving time was first introduced, the Lower Peninsula remained on DST after it formally ended, effectively re-aligning itself into the Eastern Time Zone. The Upper Peninsula continued to observe Central Time until 1972, when all but the four counties noted changed to Eastern Time.
• Tennessee: The eastern third of Tennessee is in the Eastern Time Zone. The area is roughly but not entirely coextensive with the region formally known as "East Tennessee".

Eastern Time is also used somewhat as a de facto official time for all of the United States, since it includes the capital (Washington, D.C.), the largest city (New York City), and approximately half the country's population.^{[citation needed]} National media organizations will often report when events happened or are scheduled to happen in Eastern Time even if they occurred in another time zone, and TV schedules are also almost always posted in Eastern Time. Major professional sports leagues also post all game times in Eastern time, even if both teams are from the same time zone, outside of Eastern Time. For example a game time between two teams from Pacific Time Zone will still be posted in Eastern time (for example, one may see "Seattle at Los Angeles" with "10:00 pm" posted as the start time for the game, often without even clarifying the time is posted in Eastern time).^{[citation needed]}

Most cable television and national broadcast networks advertise airing times in Eastern time. National broadcast networks (ABC, CBS, The CW, Fox Network, NBC) generally have two primary feeds, an eastern feed for Eastern and Central time zones, and a western feed for the Pacific time zone. The prime time is set on Eastern and Pacific at 8:00 pm, with the Central time zone stations receiving the eastern feed at 7:00 pm local time. Mountain time zone stations receive a separate feed at 7:00 pm local time. As Arizona does not observe daylight saving time, during the summer months, it has its own feed at 7:00 pm local time. Cable channels with a separate western feed (such as HBO, whose western feed is called "HBOW") generally air the same programming as the eastern feed delayed by three hours. Other cable networks such as the Discovery family of networks repeat their prime time programming three hours later; this allows for the same show to be advertised as airing at "8:00 pm E/P" (that is, "8:00 pm Eastern and Pacific time"). Networks specializing in the airing of sports events, such as ESPN, advertise all of their programming in Eastern and Pacific, incorporating the 3-hour time difference (as in "8:00 pm Eastern/5:00 pm Pacific") and leaving viewers in the remaining time zones to calculate start time in their own areas.^{[citation needed]}

Mexico[link]

• Quintana Roo: this eastern state followed EST for an almost-17-year period (1982 to some time in 1998).^[6]

Central American and the Caribbean[link]

Jamaica, Cuba, Haiti, The Bahamas and the Cayman Islands in the Caribbean and Panama in Central America use UTC-05 all year round.

Alphabetical list of cities[link]

Note: this list does not include every city, only those well-known and major.

See also[link]

• Effects of time on North American broadcasting
• Time in Mexico
• Time in Colombia
• Time in the United States
• Time in Indiana
• Time in Brazil
• Time in Germany
• Time in France
• Time in Japan

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official U.S. time in the Eastern time zone
• North American Time Zone border data and images
• World time zone map
• U.S. time zone map
• History of U.S. time zones and UTC conversion
• Canada time zone map
• Time zones for major world cities
• Official times across Canada
• Federal Regulations defining time zones

Don Drummond (12 March 1932^[1][2][3] – 6 May 1969) was a Jamaican ska trombonist and composer. He was one of the original members of The Skatalites, and composed many of their tunes.

Drummond was born at the Jubilee Hospital in Kingston, Jamaica to Doris Monroe and Uriah Drummond.^[2] He was educated at Kingston's Alpha Boys School, where he later taught his younger schoolmate Rico Rodriguez to play the trombone.^[4]

His musical career began in 1950 with the Eric Dean's All-Stars.^[1] He continued into the 1960s with others, including Kenny Williams.

With the birth of ska Don joined The Skatalites. With Drummond's politicized conversion to the Rastafari movement, other band members followed his lead.^[5] He became a household name in Jamaica, before suffering mental problems. He was rated by pianist George Shearing to be amongst the world's top five trombone players.

In 1965 he was convicted of the murder of his longtime girlfriend, Anita "Marguerita" Mahfood, an exotic rhumba dancer and singer, on 1 January 1965. He was imprisoned at Belle Vue Asylum, Kingston where he remained until his death four years later. The official cause of death was "natural causes", possibly heart failure caused by malnutrition or improper medication,^[2] but other theories were put forward; some of his colleagues believed it was a government plot against the Kingston musical scene, and some believed that he was killed by gangsters as revenge for the murder of Mahfood.^[6]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Don Drummond at Allmusic
• Don Drummond discography at Discogs
• Short Don Drummond Biography
• Short biography at allaboutjazz.com
• Beyond The Mic: Don Drummond Remembered
• Splash and Ripple from Green Island: The Musical Legacy of Don Drummond