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Nashik or Nasik (Marathi: नाशिक ) (
pronunciation (help·info))[1] is a city in Maharashtra, India. Nashik is located in the northwest of Maharashtra, 180 km from Mumbai and 202 km from Pune. Nashik is the administrative headquarters of Nashik district and Nashik Division. Nashik, which has been referred to as the "Wine Capital of India",[2] or as India’s Napa Valley,[3] is located in the Western Ghats, on the western edge of the Deccan peninsula on the banks of the Godavari. In addition to supplying the name to the famed Nassak Diamond,[4] the city is known for its picturesque surroundings and pleasant climate. The Godavari River flows through Nashik from its source, which lies to the southwest of the city, in Trimbakeshwar . Nashik Urban Agglomeration (Nashik UA) has a (projected year 2008) population of 1,620,000[5] and a total area of 264.23 km²[6] which makes it the fourth largest urban area in Maharashtra in terms of population. Nashik is the third most industrialized city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune .[7]
Nashik is one of the world's holiest Hindu cities. Kumbh Mela is held here once in 12 years along with four other cities in India. Lord Rama along with Lakshmana and Sita spent 14 years of his exile at Tapovan near Nashik. The city came under the rule of Mughal in 16th century and was renamed Gulshanabad. It is also noted for its participation in freedom struggle. Freedom fighters like Veer Savarkar and Anant Kanhere were born in Nashik.
Raam, Lakshman, Seeta at a Nashik Temple.
Raam kund, where the people put the ash of their dead dear ones to let them get "Mukti".
Hindu religion says that Lord Rama, the King of Ayodhya, made Nashik his home during his 14 years in exile. At the same place Lord Laxman, by the blessing of Lord Rama, cut off the nose of Surpanakha and thus this place was named as "Nasik"(From Sanskrit word 'Nasika'). Several other references to the Ramayan era can be found in Nashik, which includes the Sita Gumpha caves, from where Sita, Lord Rama's wife, was abducted by Ravana. Nashik in 150 BC was believed to be the country's largest marketplace.[8]
The city got its present name in 1818 when the Peshwas got control of the city.[8] The Peshwa rule however, did not last long and the British captured Nashik in the very same year. In 1840, one of the first modern libraries of Maharashtra (then, the Presidency of Bombay) was founded at Nashik.
Some of the major events in history of Nashik in the 1860s are-
- 1862 : Nashik Road railway station was built.
- 1864 : Nashik Municipality formed
- 1869 : Nashik district formed.
Nashik also participated in the freedom struggle of India. On December 21, 1909, 17-year-old Anant Kanhere shot the Collector of Nashik, Jackson in a theatre named Vijayanand theatre, where he had gone to see a play Sharada.[8] Jackson died on the spot. The people involved in the incident, Anant Laxman Kanhere, Krishnaji Gopal Karve and Vinayak Ramchandra Deshpande were sentenced to death by hanging and were hanged soon after.[9]
In 1930, the Nashik Satyagraha was launched under the leadership of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar for the entry of Dalits in Kalaram temple. In 1931, a meeting of the Bombay Province Charmkar Parishad was organised at Nashik to work out the Chambhars' position with regard to the Second Round Table Conference in which Babasaheb was going to participate. In 1932, Babasaheb organized his temple entry movement for the abolition of untouchability in Nashik.
On October 31, 1955, the Government of India inaugurated a press at Nashik for printing government stationery.
Nashik is located amidst high mountains.
Nashik is located in northern Maharashtra at 600m (1 968 ft)[10] from the mean sea level.
The river Godavari originates from Trimbakeshwar (24 km from Nashik) and flows through various parts of the city. The river forms the northern boundary of the city in some areas and then flows through the old residential settlement in the city.
Nashik lies on western edge of the Deccan Plateau which is a volcanic formation.[11] The soil here is primarily black which is favorable for agriculture. Prashant Koli, India's renowned Agricultural Scientist said;" It's the best in North Maharashtra Region due to its iconoelasticity" The total land area of the city (Municipal Limits) is about 259.13 km2[6] which makes it the third largest urban area of Maharashtra after Mumbai Metropolitan Region and the Pune and Pimpri Chinchwad Urban Region (together as Second).
Nashik has a mild climate for most of the year apart from the hot summers which last from March to mid-June. The city has a semi-arid climate under the Koppen climate classification. The period from June to September is the (South West) Monsoon Season, which sees about 620 mm (25 inches) of rain. The city experiences a mild, dry winter from November to February, with warm days and cool nights, although occasional cold waves can dip temperatures. The maximum temperature ever recorded in the city was 44.8 °C (108.3 °F) on 12 May 1960 in Nashik. The lowest temperature recorded was 0.6 °C (33.1 °F) on 7 January 1945 in Nashik. [1]
| Climate data for Nashik |
| Month |
Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
Year |
| Average high °C (°F) |
29
(84) |
31
(88) |
35
(95) |
37
(99) |
37
(99) |
32
(90) |
28
(82) |
27
(81) |
29
(84) |
32
(90) |
31
(88) |
29
(84) |
31.4
(88.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) |
10
(50) |
12
(54) |
16
(61) |
20
(68) |
22
(72) |
23
(73) |
22
(72) |
21
(70) |
21
(70) |
18
(64) |
14
(57) |
12
(54) |
18
(63.6) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) |
1.1
(0.043) |
0.4
(0.016) |
3.4
(0.134) |
6.7
(0.264) |
16.2
(0.638) |
98.1
(3.862) |
206.4
(8.126) |
134.6
(5.299) |
146.1
(5.752) |
49.0
(1.929) |
21.3
(0.839) |
7.2
(0.283) |
690.5
(27.185) |
| Source: wunderground.com[12] |
According to the Census of India, 2001, Nashik had a population of 1,076,967. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Nashik had an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 64%; male literacy was 80%, and female literacy was 66%. In Nashik, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. In the same year (census year 2001) the Nashik Urban Agglomeration had a population of 1,152,326[13] and thus it was the fourth largest urban area of Maharashtra State after Mumbai, Pune and Nagpur. The projected population of Nashik urban agglomeration (which includes abutting urban areas like Deolali) as on 1 January 2009 is 16,20,000.[5] Only 3% of Nashik lives in Slum.22 oct 2010
Nashik is the headquarter of Nashik District and is also the headquarter of Nashik Revenue Division of Maharashtra. The city is administered by the Nashik Municipal Corporation which came into existence in 1982 by combining Nashik Municipality and surrounding civic bodies e.g. Nashik Road Municipality. A planned area was introduced in Nashik which was designed and executed by CIDCO which is now administered by the Nashik Municipal Corporation.
Deolali, which is also a part of the Nashik urban agglomeration, has a separate civic body called the Deolali Cantonment Board.
Solid Waste Management Project from the Nashik Municipal Corporation[14]
In the entire Nashik Municipal Corporation area about 225 MT of solid waste is generated per day. Unlike other Indian cities, this garbage is collected by vehicles titled 'Ghantagadi' (meaning the vehicle with a bell); a system which has resulted into a 'garbage dump free' city. Smaller versions of the ghantagadi ply in the congested old city areas.
A plant has been set by the Nashik Municipal Corporation near Pandav Leni (Pandavleni Caves) to process the garbage and convert into compost.
Rain water harvesting enforcement by the Nashik Municipal Corporation[15]
The Nashik Municipal Corporation has made it mandatory for new constructions in the city to install a rain water harvesting system without which a completion certificate is not granted to the construction. This measure is expected to help recharge the aquifers and augment the ground water level in the city.
Godapark: a pedestrian street near Godavari River
The famous Ganges ghat of Old Nashik.
Nashik has been on the tourist map of India especially Hindu religious tourism because of the legend that Lord Rama lived here during his exile. Gangapur Road, College Road and Trimbak Road form the lifelines of the suburbs. For many, Nashik is just a pit-stop en route to Shirdi or Trimbakeshwar. If one decides to stop and look around the city and its outskirts, there's plenty to see. The Gangapur Dam is a beautiful site. The Dudhsagar Fall near the village of Gangapur is worth a look in the rains. A few kilometers away from Gangapur village is a Stone Age site. On the road to Trimbakeshwar is the state's only Museum of Numismatics. Anjaneri Parvat near Trimbakeshwar is well known for waterfalls during monsoon season. Pandavleni Caves, the 4th century BC caves of Buddhist origin, a Bird Sanctuary "Nandur-Madhyameshwar" popularly known as "Bharatpur of Maharashtra", which was started in 1950s, is a little ways from the city and is a mesmerizing place for nature and bird.
Famous hindi actor Dilip Kumar studied at Barnes school in Nashik. Also Shekhar Ravjiani-A famous Music Director Spent some years of his childhood in Nashik.
Nashik today is one of the fastest growing cities of India and has even been identified as a tier-2 metro. The city's economy is driven chiefly by the engineering and manufacturing industry (which has been around since the 1970s) as well as the progressive agriculture in area surrounding the city. Auto majors such as Mahindra & Mahindra, BOSCH and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) such as VIP, Samsonite, CEAT etc. have their plants here and have spawned a huge network of auto component suppliers and engineering ancillary services. It is also a pharmaceutical hub with presence GlaxoSmithKline and Fem. In recent years, Nasik has also carved a niche for itself as India's "Napa Valley" and locally established wine brands such as "Sula" and "Zampa" have attained international acclaim.
Modern efforts are on to promote the growth of an export-oriented rose farming and wine industry in the district. It is home to an important thermal power plant (Eklahare) and a National Treasury Printing Press (India Security Press at Nashik Road). There are five "Industrial Zones" in the Nashik area and its outskirts (Satpur, Ambad, Sinnar, Igatpuri and Dindori). Nashik has a number of sugar mills. It is also chief exporter of white onions and pomegranates.
Nashik is deemed "the third most industrialized city of Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune", mainly due to extensive industrial development in recent times. In Maharashtra, “Nashik” is situated at a distance of approximate 200 km from economic capital of country Mumbai as well as Pune.
Nashik is home to a lot government companies and undertakings. Some of are as follows :
- Hindustan Aeronautics Limited(Ministry of Defence),Ozhar-Mig.
- India Security Press, Nashik Road
- Currency Note Press, Nasik Road.
- Thermal Power Plant, Eklahare
- Artillery Centre, Nasik Road Camp.
- School of Artillery, Deolali.
- Maharashtra Engineering Research Institute(MERI)
- Maharashtra State Health University(MUHS)
- Yashwantrao Chavan Mahrashtra open university(YCMOU)
- Maharashtra Police Academy (MPA)
- Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering(IRIEEN), Nasik Road.
- Cantonment Board at Deolali, Nashik.
- Combat Army Aviation Centre.
The HAL plant is an aircraft manufacturing plant located 10 miles (16 km) from Nashik employing about 7000 people. Manufacturers who have set up plants in the Nashik MIDC area include: Bosch India - previously MICO Bosch, Mahindra and Mahindra, CEAT, Thyssen Krupp, Samsonite, Atlas Copco, Crompton Greaves, ABB, GlaxoSmithKline,Cipla, Glenmark pharmaceuticals L&T, Schneider Electric, Jindal Steel,Garware,Lear Corporation,Excello India, Kirloskar, IBP, Coca Cola, Siemens,Epcos, EATON, Hindustan National Glass Ltd. Recently the government decided to prepare IT parks in the city of Nashik. Nashik is also emerging as a BPO/IT destination and is in list of the selected Tier II cities for BPO/IT companies.
IndiaBulls is setting up a Multipurpose SEZ at Sinnar near Nasik named Neocity SEZ over an area of 2500 hectares. It is first and largest multipurpose SEZ in Maharashtra.This will also increase a large number of industries.[citation needed]
Nashik is famous for grapes, onions, and tomatoes. Nashik was famous for its table grapes for a very long time. In early 1925, the Table Grape revolution was started in Ojhar, a small town near Nashik, by Shree Raosaheb Jairam Krishnaji Gaikwad, the "Father of Indian Grapes."[citation needed] Today, table grapes are being exported to Europe, the Middle East, and Asia.[citation needed]
Nashik traditionally boasts of a Maharashtrian cuisine with influences from Khandesh, Rajasthan and Gujrat. The modern city however offers a range of restaurants with cuisines ranging from Punjabi, South Indian to Chinese and continental cuisines. Variety of decent hotels in Nashik city serve food ranging from regions' spicy fare to international cuisine. One can also find the usual pizza & burger joints along McDonalds' fast food.
Cricket is the most popular sport in Nashik. The old city also patronizes traditional Maharashtrian sports like Kabbaddi and Kho Kho. There Are many big stadiums in Nashik City like Raje Sambaji Stadium, Golf Ground, YCMOU, RYK College The Nashik Gymkhana is the principal place for playing formal sports and also to get formal training. At least three swimming pools are run by the Civil administration.
Nashik has been the educational hub of North Maharashtra. The city has two state-run universities, the Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University and the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences.Colleges in Nasik are affiliated to Pune University. Today the city houses a large number of private and governmental educational institutions offering higher education in Medicine, Engineering & Technology, Architecture, Pharmacy, Military Management among others.Bhonsala Military School is the oldest residential school in Nashik Indian Railway has also established its Advanced Training Institute for electrical engineers namely, Indian Railway Institute of Electrical Engineers IREEN here at Nashik. Nashik is also home to private institutions such as Divyadaan: Salesian Institute of Philosophy on Don Bosco Marg off College Road.
Nashik is one of the major road junctions of India. The Mumbai-Agra National Highway(NH3) runs through Nashik. Nashik is also connected to Pune with NH-50. Nashik is a major road junction of major state highways. It is well connected to Surat, Aurangabad, Mumbai, Pune, Ahmednagar, Dhule and many other cities. It has been seeing reasonable grown in terms of road infrastructure in the past few years or so. A privately built and tolled expressway is nearing completion between Mumbai and Nashik.[16] The National Highway Number 3 (NH3) is being converted into a multi-lane tolled road. This multi lane road has total 6 flyovers which will pass through the nasik city. This flyovers will start from garvare point and will end at hanuman temple in panchvati. Among this flyover one flyover is about 6800m.This flyover will start from mumbai naka and will end at hanuman temple. Larsen & Toubro is developing this project costing over thousand crores.
Buses are run by the Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation to various cities, towns and villages around Nashik. They operate services from multiple bus terminals (New and old Central Bus Stand among others. The new CBS is the principal bus terminal. The city is well connected to major cities in the state Mumbai, Pune, Kolhapur, Satara, the Konkan Region, Aurangabad and other adjoining areas. Private bus operators run services buses to large cities around like Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, Indore, Kolhapur etc.
Transport services are provided by Taxis in the city which ply to Mumbai, Thane, Shirdi, Pune and a few other locations.[citation needed]
Nashik Road Railway Station is an important railway station on the Mumbai-Kalyan-Manmad-Bhusaval (and further to Delhi or Kolkata) sector of the Central Railway Division of Indian Railways which was the first ever electrified section in India. The railway station is about 11 km away from the city center (and hence called Nashik Road instead of Nashik). Also the Railway Minister announced rail wroughts to Dahanu road. A new bottling plant also will set up at Nasik. Train from Hyderabad will start shortly. Trains to Shirdi also passes from Nasik.
Deolali is another station (about 10 minutes train travel towards Mumbai) which serves the population residing in the Deolali Cantonment
More than 50 trains pass through this station daily and it is thus connected to Mumbai, Aurangabad, Nanded, Hyderabad, Bhopal, Agra, Delhi, Nagpur, Kolkata, Jamshedpur, Guwahati, Jammu, Madgaon, Mangalore and so on.
Daily Itercity Superfast Express Train that Connects Mumbai with Nashik
Manmad - Nashik - Mumbai [ Panchvti Express ]
Manmad - Nashik - Mumbai (Lokmanya Tilak Terminus) [Godavri Express]
Manmad - Nashik - Mumbai (Lokmanya Tilak Terminus) [Rajya Rani Express]
Kingfisher Airlines runs only one daily flight in the evening at 17:30 hrs to Mumbai from Nashik's Ozar Airport located at some 24 km from the city center. Deccan Airways also used to operate a flight to Mumbai from Ozar airport a couple of years ago which was later taken off due to lack of passengers. Nashik has another airport at Gandhinagar with a shorter runway and hence unfit for modern-day passenger aircraft. The government run Vayudoot used an operate a service to Mumbai from this Gandhinagar Airport during the 1980s.
- ^ jjkent.com
- ^ "Nashik, the Whiskey capital of India". rediff.com. 2005-03-16. http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/mar/16wine.htm. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
- ^ "Winery visits in Nasik, Maharashtra". Wine society of India. http://wsi.indiatimes.com/Vineyard-Visits/Vineyards-and-Wineries-visits-in-India/Winery-visits-in-Nasik-Maharashtra/articleshow/4248417.cms. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- ^ The Court (1930). Mayers, Osterwald & Muhlfeld v. Bendler. 18. United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals. p. 118. http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&um=1&ie=UTF-8&q=The%20Nassak%20diamond%20derives%20its%20name%20from%20the%20fact%20that%20it%20long%20remained%20in%20the%20temple%20of%20Shiva%2C%20near%20Nassak%2C%20on%20the%20upper%20Godavery%20River%20in%20India&sa=N&tab=np. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
- ^ a b &Copy; Th. Brinkhoff (2010-01-23). "The Principal Agglomerations of the World - Population Statistics & Maps". Citypopulation.de. http://www.citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ a b "History of Nashik". Nashikcorporation.com. http://www.nashikcorporation.com/html/history/index.shtml. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ "Divisional Commissioner Office". Nashik. http://nashik.nic.in/divisionalcommissioner/htmldocs/industries.html. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ a b c "Official website of Nashik district". http://nashik.nic.in/htmldocs/history.htm. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
- ^ "Preserve Thane prison, urges minister". Indian Express. 1998-08-16. http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19980816/22850534.html. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
- ^ "Official WebSite of Nashik District". Nashik.nic.in. http://nashik.nic.in/htmldocs/disoverview.htm. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ "Official WebSite of Nashik District". Nashik.nic.in. http://nashik.nic.in/htmldocs/geology.htm. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ "Historical Weather for Delhi, India". Weather Underground. June 2011. http://www.wunderground.com/NORMS/DisplayIntlNORMS.asp?CityCode=42182&Units=both. Retrieved November 27, 2008.
- ^ "Mahārāshtra - City Population - Cities, Towns & Provinces - Statistics & Map". Citypopulation.de. http://www.citypopulation.de/India-Maharashtra.html. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ "Concept Paper On Preparation Of City Development Plan For Three Cities Of Jharkhand Under Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Missi" (PDF). http://www.nashikcorporation.com/html/aboutus/nmc_cdp/Chapter8.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ "Concept Paper On Preparation Of City Development Plan For Three Cities Of Jharkhand Under Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Missi" (PDF). http://www.nashikcorporation.com/html/aboutus/nmc_cdp/Chapter11.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ^ TNN, July 9, 2009, 12.58am IST (2009-07-09). "Now, state wants a name for E-way too - Mumbai - City - The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Mumbai/Now-state-wants-a-name-for-E-way-too/articleshow/4754874.cms. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
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