Sheepshead or Sheephead is a trick-taking card game related to the Skat family of games. It is the Americanized version of a card game that originated in Central Europe in the late 18th century under the German name Schafkopf. Although Schafkopf literally means "sheepshead", it has nothing to do with sheep. The term probably was derived and translated incorrectly from Middle High German and referred to playing cards on a barrel head (from kopf, meaning head, and Schaff, meaning a barrel). In the United States, sheepshead is most commonly played in Wisconsin, which has a large German-American population. Numerous tournaments are held throughout Wisconsin during the year, with the largest tournament being the "Nationals", held annually during the first or second weekend in November, and mini-tournaments held hourly throughout Germanfest in Milwaukee during the last weekend of each July.

Sheepshead is most commonly played by five players, but variants exist to allow for two to eight players. The six-player version consists of one player dealing to five others. The dealer sits out for that round, but the position rotates among the players.