Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
Name	Saint Martha
Feast day	July 29 (Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran), June 4 (Orthodox)
Venerated in	Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Christianity, Anglican Communion, Lutheran Church
Birth place	probably Iudaea Province (modern-day Israel or West Bank)
Death place	traditionally Larnaca, Cyprus or Tarascon, Gaul (modern-day France)
Titles	Virgin, Myrrhbearer, Wonder Worker of Southern Gaul
Canonized date	Pre-congregation
Attributes	broom; keys; ladle
Patronage	butlers; cooks; dietitians; domestic servants; homemakers; hotel-keepers; housemaids; housewives; innkeepers; laundry workers; maids; manservants; servants; servers; single laywomen; travellers; Villajoyosa, Spain
Issues	}}

Martha of Bethany (Judæo-Aramaic מַרְתָּא Martâ) is a biblical figure described in the Gospels of Luke and John. Together with her siblings Lazarus and Mary, she is described as living in the village of Bethany near Jerusalem. She was witness to Jesus' resurrection of her brother, Lazarus.

Etymology of the name

The name Martha is a Latin transliteration of the Koine Greek Μαρθα, itself a translation of the Judæo-Aramaic מַרְתָּא Martâ, "The mistress" or "the lady", from מרה "mistress", feminine of מר "master". The Aramaic form occurs in a Nabatean inscription found at Puteoli, and now in the Naples Museum; it is dated AD. 5 (Corpus Inscr. Semit., 158); also in a Palmyrene inscription, where the Greek translation has the form Marthein, ADProxy-Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0

179.

Biblical references

In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus visits the home of two sisters named Mary and Martha. The two sisters are contrasted: Martha was "cumbered about many things" while Jesus was their guest, while Mary had chosen "the better part", that of listening to the master's discourse. The name of their village is not recorded, nor any mention of whether Jesus was near Jerusalem:

In the Gospel of John, Martha and Mary appear in connection two incidents: the raising from the dead of her brother Lazarus (John 11) and the anointing of Jesus at the home of Simon the Leper (John 12:3).

In the account of the raising of Lazarus, Jesus meets with the sisters in turn: Martha followed by Mary. Martha goes immediately to meet Jesus as he arrives, while Mary waits until she is called. As one commentator notes, "Martha, the more aggressive sister, went to meet Jesus, while quiet and contemplative Mary stayed home. This portrayal of the sisters agrees with that found in Luke 10:38-42." In speaking with Jesus, both sisters lament that he did not arrive in time to prevent their brother's death: "Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died" (). But where Jesus' response to Mary is more emotional, his response to Martha is one of teaching calling her to hope and faith:

As the narrative continues, Martha calls her sister Mary to see Jesus. Jesus has Mary bring him to Lazarus' tomb where he commands the stone to be removed from its entrance. Martha here objects, "But, Lord, by this time there is a bad odor, for he has been there four days", to which Jesus replies, "Did I not tell you that if you believed, you would see the glory of God?" (). They then take away the stone and Jesus prays and calls Lazarus forth alive from the tomb.

Martha appears again in , where she serves at a meal held in Jesus' honor at which her brother is also a guest. The narrator only mentions that the meal takes place in Bethany, while the apparently parallel accounts in the Gospels of Matthew () and Mark () specify that it takes place at the home of one Simon the Leper. As the Catholic Encyclopedia notes, "We are surely justified in arguing that, since Matthew and Mark place the scene in the house of Simon, St. John must be understood to say the same; it remains to be proved that Martha could not 'serve' in Simon's house." It is at this meal that a woman (Martha's sister Mary, according to John) anoints Jesus with expensive perfume.

Catholic traditions

In Roman Catholic tradition, Martha's sister Mary is equated with Mary Magdalene. Therefore, additional information is supposed for Martha as well:

Mary, Martha, and Lazarus are represented by St. John as living at Bethania, but St. Luke would seem to imply that they were, at least at one time, living in Galilee; he does not mention the name of the town, but it may have been Magdala, and we should thus, supposing Mary of Bethania and Mary Magdalene to be the same person, understand the appellative "Magdalene". The words of St. John (11:1) seem to imply a change of residence for the family. It is possible, too, that St. Luke has displaced the incident referred to in Chapter 10. The likeness between the pictures of Martha presented by Luke and John is very remarkable. The familiar intercourse between the Saviour of the world and the humble family which St. Luke depicts is dwelt on by St. John when he tells us that "Jesus loved Martha, and her sister Mary, and Lazarus" (11:5). Again the picture of Martha's anxiety (John 11:20-21, 39) accords with the picture of her who was "busy about much serving" (Luke 10:40); so also in John 12:2: "They made him a supper there: and Martha served." But St. John has given us a glimpse of the other and deeper side of her character when he depicts her growing faith in Christ's Divinity (11:20-27), a faith which was the occasion of the words: "I am the resurrection and the life." The Evangelist has beautifully indicated the change that came over Martha after that interview: "When she had said these things, she went and called her sister Mary secretly, saying: The Master is come, and calleth for thee."

Golden Legend

According to legend, St Martha left Judea after Jesus's death, around AD 48, and went to Provence with her sister Mary (conflated with Mary Magdalene) and her brother Lazarus. With them, Martha first settled in Avignon (now in France). The Golden Legend, compiled in the 13th century, records the Provençal tradition:

Saint Martha, hostess of our Lord Jesus Christ, was born of a royal kindred. Her father was named Syro and her mother Encharia. The father of her was duke of Syria and places maritime, and Martha with her sister possessed by the heritage of their mother three places, that was, the castle Magdalen, and Bethany and a part of Jerusalem. It is nowhere read that Martha had ever any husband ne fellowship of man, but she as a noble hostess ministered and served our Lord, and would also that her sister should serve him and help her, for she thought that all the world was not sufficient to serve such a guest.After the ascension of our Lord, when the disciples were departed, she with her brother Lazarus and her sister Mary, also Saint Maximin [actually a 3rd-century figure] which baptized them, and to whom they were committed of the Holy Ghost, and many others, were put into a ship without sail, oars, or rudder governail, of the paynims, which by the conduct of our Lord they came all to Marseilles, and after came to the territory of Aquense or Aix, and there converted the people to the faith. Martha was right facound of speech, and courteous and gracious to the sight of the people.

The Golden Legend also records the grand lifestyle imagined for Martha and her siblings in its entry on Mary Magdalene:

Mary Magdalene had her surname of Magdalo, a castle, and was born of right noble lineage and parents, which were descended of the lineage of kings. And her father was named Cyrus, and her mother Eucharis. She with her brother Lazarus, and her sister Martha, possessed the castle of Magdalo, which is two miles from Nazareth, and Bethany, the castle which is nigh to Jerusalem, and also a great part of Jerusalem, which, all these things they departed among them. In such wise that Mary had the castle Magdalo, whereof she had her name Magdalene. And Lazarus had the part of the city of Jerusalem, and Martha had to her part Bethany. And when Mary gave herself to all delights of the body, and Lazarus entended all to knighthood, Martha, which was wise, governed nobly her brother's part and also her sister's, and also her own, and administered to knights, and her servants, and to poor men, such necessities as they needed. Nevertheless, after the ascension of our Lord, they sold all these things.

St. Martha in Tarascon

A further legend relates that Martha then went to Tarascon, where a monster, the Tarasque, was a constant threat to the population. Martha managed to tame the monster and eventually died in Tarascon, where she was buried. Her tomb is located in the crypt of the local Collegiate Church. Again, the Golden Legend provides the details:

There was that time upon the river of Rhone, in a certain wood between Arles and Avignon, a great dragon, half beast and half fish, greater than an ox, longer than an horse, having teeth sharp as a sword, and horned on either side, head like a lion, tail like a serpent, and defended him with two wings on either side, and could not be beaten with cast of stones ne with other armour, and was as strong as twelve lions or bears; which dragon lay hiding and lurking in the river, and perished them that passed by and drowned ships. He came thither by sea from Galicia, and was engendered of Leviathan, which is a serpent of the water and is much wood, and of a beast called Bonacho, that is engendered in Galicia. And when he is pursued he casts out of his belly behind, his ordure, the space of an acre of land on them that follow him, and it is bright as glass, and what it toucheth it burneth as fire. To whom Martha, at the prayer of the people, came into the wood, and found him eating a man. And she cast on him holy water, and showed to him the cross, which anon was overcome, and standing still as a sheep, she bound him with her own girdle, and then was slain with spears and glaives of the people. The dragon was called of them that dwelled in the country Tarasconus, whereof, in remembrance of him that place is called Tarasconus, which tofore was called Nerluc, and the Black Lake, because there be woods shadowous and black. And there the blessed Martha, by licence of Maximin her master, and of her sister, dwelled and abode in the same place after, and daily occupied in prayers and in fastings, and thereafter assembled and were gathered together a great convent of sisters, and builded a fair church at the honour of the blessed Mary virgin, where she led a hard and a sharp life. She eschewed flesh and all fat meat, eggs, cheese and wine; she ate but once a day. An hundred times a day and an hundred times a night she kneeled down and bowed her knees.

The dedication of the Collegiate Church at Tarascon to St. Martha is believed to date from the 9th century or earlier. Relics found in the church during a reconstruction in 1187 were identified as hers, and reburied in a new shrine at that time. In the Collegiate Church crypt is a late 15th century cenotaph, also known as the Gothic Tomb of Saint Martha. It is the work of Francesco Laurana, a Croatian sculptor of the Italian School, commissioned by King René. At its base are two openings through which the relics could be touched. It bears three low reliefs separated by fluted pilasters representing : on the left, Saint Martha and the Tarasque; in the center, Saint Mary Magdalene born aloft by the angels; on the right, Lazarus as Bishop of Marseille with his mitre and staff. There are two figures on either side: on the left, Saint Front, Bishop of Perrigueux, present at the funeral of Saint Martha, and on the right, Saint Marcelle, Martha's servant.

St. Martha and Villajoyosa

The town of Villajoyosa, Spain honors St. Martha as its patron saint and celebrates The Festival of Moors and Christians annually in her honor. The 250-year old festival commemorates the attack on Villajoyosa by Berber pirates led by Zalé-Arraez in 1538, when, according to legend, St. Martha came to the rescue of the townsfolk by causing a flash flood which wiped out the enemy fleet, thus preventing the corsairs from reaching the coast.

Eastern Orthodox tradition

In Orthodox Church tradition, though not specifically named as such in the gospels, Martha and Mary were among the Myrrh-bearing Women. These faithful followers of Jesus stood at Golgotha during the Crucifixion of Jesus and later came to his tomb early on the morning following Sabbath with myrrh (expensive oil), according to the Jewish tradition, to anoint their Lord's body. The Myrrhbearers became the first witnesses to the Resurrection of Jesus, finding the empty tomb and hearing the joyful news from an angel.

Orthodox tradition also relates that Martha's brother Lazarus was cast out of Jerusalem in the persecution against the Jerusalem Church following the martyrdom of St. Stephen. His sisters Mary and Martha fled Judea with him, assisting him in the proclaiming of the Gospel in various lands. The three later moved to Cyprus, where Lazarus became the first Bishop of Kition (modern Larnaca). All three died in Cyprus.

Gnostic tradition

Martha appears in the sacred gnostic text Pistis Sophia. She is instructed by the risen Christ on several of the repentances that must be made in order to have salvation. She also makes several prophetic interpretations of different Psalms.

Veneration or commemoration as a saint

Martha is venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox churches, and commemorated by the Lutheran Church and the Anglican Communion.

Feast days

In the Roman Catholic tradition, her feast day is celebrated July 29. Her celebration, classified as a "Semi-Double" in the Tridentine Calendar, became a "Simple" in the General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII, a "Third-Class Feast" in the General Roman Calendar of 1962, and an obligatory "Memorial" in the Roman Catholic Calendar of Saints.

In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic traditions, Martha and her sister Mary are commemorated on June 4. They are also commemorated collectively among the Myrrh-bearing Women on the Sunday of the Myrrhbearers (the Third Sunday of Pascha—i.e., the second Sunday after Easter). She also figures in the commemorations of Lazarus Saturday (the day before Palm Sunday).

Martha is commemorated on July 29 in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church (together with her siblings Mary and Lazarus) and in the Calendar of saints of the Episcopal Church and the Church of England (together with her sister Mary).

Churches

A number of churches are dedicated to St. Martha including:

Roman Catholic: Tarascon, France; St. Martha Catholic Church in Morton Grove, Illinois, USA, and others in East Providence, Rhode Island; Valinda, California; Kingwood, Texas; and Harvey, Louisiana, USA; and Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia.

Church of England: St Martha-on-the-Hill in Surrey and Broxtowe, Nottinghamshire, England

Episcopal: St. Martha's Episcopal Church in Papillion, Nebraska, Bethany Beach, Delaware and Lexington, Kentucky, USA

Methodist: St Martha's Methodist Church in Tring, Hertfordshire, UK.

Lutheran: St Mary and St Martha Lutheran Church, San Francisco, California, USA

Depictions in art

image file	Diego Velázquez 008.jpg
title	Christ in the House of Martha and Mary
artist	Diego Velázquez
year	1618
type	Oil on canvas
height	63
width	103.5
city	London
museum	National Gallery}}

Christ in the House of Martha and Mary - an early work by the Spanish painter Velázquez.

Christ in the House of Martha and Mary - by Johannes Vermeer

"The Sons of Martha" - A poem by Rudyard Kipling.

See also

Mary of Bethany

Lazarus of Bethany

Myrrhbearers

Martha and Mary Magdalene (Caravaggio)

Jesus at the home of Martha and Mary

References

External links

"St. Martha, Virgin", Butler's Lives of the Saints

St. Martha on catholic.org

Mary & Martha, the sisters of Lazarus, Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America

Patron Saints: Martha

"The Life of Saint Martha", text from the Golden Legend

Category:Followers of Jesus Category:Saints from the Holy Land Category:Eastern Orthodox saints Category:Order of the Eastern Star Category:Saints of the Golden Legend Category:1st-century Christian female saints Category:Anglican saints

ar:مرثا ca:Marta de Betània de:Martha von Bethanien es:Marta de Betania fr:Marthe de Béthanie ko:베타니아의 마르타 id:Marta it:Marta di Betania he:מרתה csb:Sw. Marta sw:Martha wa Bethania nl:Marta (Bijbel) ja:マルタ (マリアの姉) pl:Marta z Betanii pt:Santa Marta ru:Марфа и Мария sr:Марта из Бетаније sh:Marta sv:Marta (helgon) vi:Martha zh:馬大

Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
name	Martha My Dear
artist	The Beatles
album	The Beatles
released	22 November 1968
track no	9 of disc 1
recorded	4 October 1968
genre	Pop, music hall
length	2:28
writer	Lennon/McCartney
label	Apple Records
producer	George Martin
tracks	}}

"Martha My Dear" is a Beatles song written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney), which first appeared on the double album The Beatles (also known as The White Album). McCartney is the only Beatle to appear on this track.

Style and form

The song features a music hall-inspired piano line that recurs throughout the piece, as well as a brass band. The song modulates smoothly through several keys.

The song key is E-flat major, showing up embellished chords with jazzy sprinkled dissonances. The verse is a syncopated replicate of the first melodic section adding two extra beats, a technique similar to that used later by McCartney in “Two of Us”. Though the bridge is in the key of F major, the manner in which it abruptly sets in and exits makes it sound more out-of-the-way than it really is.

Origins

The title "Martha My Dear" was inspired by McCartney's Old English Sheepdog, also named Martha. McCartney has said that the song itself is probably about his longtime love interest Jane Asher. Asher broke off their engagement in mid-1968. McCartney chides her with the lyrics in the song "...when you find yourself in the thick of it, help yourself to a bit of what is all around you..." Asher inspired many of McCartney's songs, including "Here, There and Everywhere", "For No One" and "We Can Work It Out". (A later "Martha" lyric explains, "You have always been my inspiration..." McCartney has also said, cryptically, that the song is about his "muse"—the voice in his head that tells him what words and music to write.)

Personnel

Paul McCartney – double-tracked vocal, piano, bass, guitar, drums, handclaps, brass and string arrangement

George Martin – brass and string arrangement

Bernard Miller – violin

Dennis McConnell – violin

Lou Soufier – violin

Les Maddox – violin

Leo Birnbaum – viola

Henry Myerscough – viola

Reginald Kilbey – cello

Frederick Alexander – cello

Leon Calvert – trumpet, flugelhorn

Stanley Reynolds – trumpet

Ronnie Hughes – trumpet

Tony Tunstall – French horn

Ted Barker – trombone

Alf Reece – tuba

:Personnel per Ian MacDonald and Mark Lewisohn

Notes

References

}}

Category:The Beatles songs Category:1968 songs Category:Songs produced by George Martin Category:Songs written by Lennon–McCartney Category:English-language songs Category:Songs published by Northern Songs Category:Slade songs

es:Martha My Dear fr:Martha My Dear it:Martha My Dear nl:Martha My Dear ja:マーサ・マイ・ディア no:Martha My Dear nn:Martha My Dear pt:Martha My Dear sv:Martha My Dear

Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
name	My Dear
type	studio
artist	New Years Day
cover	New Years Day - My Dear cover.jpg
released	May 8, 2007
recorded	2006-2007
genre	Pop punk, powerpop
label	TVT
producer	Eugene Pererras, Adam Lohrbach, New Years Day
reviews	*Allmusic [ link] AbsolutePunk.net (74%) link
last album	New Years Day(2006)
this album	My Dear(2007)
next album	The Mechanical Heart (2011) }}

My Dear is the debut album by the Anaheim, California rock band New Years Day, released in 2007 by TVT Records. The album was self-financed, self-produced, and recorded over an eight-month period at the home of producer Eugene Pererras. The band's debut music video for the lead single "I Was Right" won an MTVU "Freshman Face" poll and was added to the channel's playlist.

The album includes contributions from John Christianson and Dan Regan of Reel Big Fish, who provide horns on "My Sweet Unvalentine." "Brilliant Lies" includes lyrics written by Justin Pierre of Motion City Soundtrack.

Track listing

All songs written by Adam Lohrbach and New Years Day except where noted #"I Was Right" #"Ready Aim Misfire" #"My Dear" #"Part Time Lover" #"Sunrise Sunset" #"My Sweet Unvalentine" #"You'll Only Make it Worse" #"Brilliant Lies" (Guy Erez, Emerson Swinford, Ashley Costello, Justin Pierre, Eugene Pererras) #"Temecula Sunrise" #"Razor" #"Saying Goodbye" #"Let's Toast" (iTunes-only bonus track)

Performers

Ashley Costello - vocals

Keith Drover - guitar, keyboards, backing vocals

Mike Schoolden - guitar, backing vocals

Adam Lohrbach - bass, backing vocals

Russell Dixon - drums

John Christianson - trumpet on "My Sweet Unvalentine"

Dan Regan - trombone on "My Sweet Unvalentine"

John Urban - upright bass on "My Sweet Unvalentine"

Eugene Perreras, Lindsey Christopher, and April Agostini - additional vocals

Album information

Record label: TVT Records

Produced by Eugene Pererras, Adam Lohrbach, and New Years Day

Recorded at Eugenious Studios

Additional recording at Hard Drive Studios in north Hollywood, California

Additional engineering by Doug Messenger, Ryan Baker, Adam Lohrbach, Mike Schoolden, and Russel Dixon

Mixed by Paul David Hagar at Encore Studios in Burbank, California

Mastered by George Marino at Sterling Sound in New York, New York

All songs written by Adam Lohrbach and New Years Day except "Brilliant Lies" by Guy Erez, Emerson Swinford, Ashley Costello, Justin Pierre, and Eugene Pererras.

Strings and orchestral arrangements by Mike Schoolden

Programming and electronics by Keith Drover and Justin Fowler

References

Category:2007 albums Category:Debut albums

es:My Dear it:My Dear