Look up noble in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Noble may refer to:

• Nobility, a hereditary caste
• Noble gas, chemical elements in group 18 (old-style Group 0) of the periodic table
• Noble metal, metals that are resistant to corrosion or oxidation
• Noble polyhedron, polyhedra which are isohedral (face-transitive) and isogonal (vertex-transitive)
• Noble (English coin), a medieval gold coin
• Noble (Manx coin), a platinum bullion coin
• Noble and Greenough School, a private boarding and day school in Massachusetts
• Noble (album), the debut album of Versailles

Places[link]

United States

• Noble, Illinois
• Noble, Louisiana
• Noble, Missouri
• Noble, Oklahoma

People[link]

• Sir Andrew Noble, 1st Baronet (1831-1915), British physicist
• Ann C. Noble, a sensory chemist and retired professor from the University of California, Davis
• Arthur Noble (1695–1746), a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Massachusetts Bay Colonial Militia
• Bill Noble, an Australian rugby league footballer
• Brian Noble (disambiguation)
• David Noble (disambiguation)
• Denis Noble (born 1936), British physiologist and emeritus professor at the University of Oxford
• Elmer Noble (1909–2001), a parasitologist
• Emma Noble (born 1971), an actress and model, former daughter in law of Sir John Major
• Frank Noble (born 1945), a footballer who played for Peterborough United
• Gladwyn Kingsley Noble (1894–1940), an American zoologist
• Sir Iain Noble, 3rd Baronet (born 1935), a champion of Gaelic from Skye
• James Noble (senator) (1785–1831), a 19th century U.S. senator
• James Noble (actor) (born 1922), a 20th century U.S. actor
• Jamie Noble (born 1976), a professional wrestler
• John H. Noble, an American inmate of the Soviet Gulag at Vorkuta
• Lee Noble, a British car designer and owner of Noble Automotive
• Mark J. Noble (born 1987), an English footballer
• Matthew Noble (1818–1876), a British sculptor
• Noble (musician), a guitarist of indie/rock band British Sea Power
• Ray Noble (1903-1978), a British bandleader, composer and actor
• Ray Noble (baseball) (1919-1998), a Cuban baseball player
• Reg Noble (1895–1962), a former NHL Hockey player
• Richard Noble (born 1946), a former land speed record holder
• Ross M. Noble (born 1976), a British stand-up comedian, born in Cramlington, England
• Sierra Noble (born 1990) a Canadian musician
• T. Tertius Noble (1867–1953), a British organist and composer
• Trisha Noble (born 1944), an Australian singer and actress
• Warren Noble (inventor), inventor of electric stove
• William Noble (disambiguation)
• Young Noble (born 1978), an American rapper
• Miguel de la Espriella (born 1947), a Colombian artist who goes by the name of "Noble"

Fictional characters[link]

• Donna Noble, a companion in the sci-fi series Doctor Who and her parents — Geoff and Sylvia Noble
• The Noble Family, a fictional family of comic book superheroes, appearing in their series, Noble Causes
• Noble, the humanoid werewolf form of Savage/Noble, the only fully organic Transformer, from the Beast Machines series
• NOBLE team, a UNSC special warfare unit composed of Spartans, biochemically augmented supersoldiers that appear in Halo: Reach

Businesses and organizations[link]

• Noble Automotive, a British automobile manufacturer
• Noble Corporation, a Cayman Islands company providing offshore drilling rigs and platforms
• Noble Energy, an American company engaged in the exploration for and production of petroleum and natural gas
• Noble Group, Hong Kong-based trading firm
• Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, natural history museum in Norman, Oklahoma

Acronyms[link]

• National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives
• North of Boston Library Exchange, a cooperative effort of 28 libraries

See also[link]

• Nobel (disambiguation)
• Integrity
• Chivalry
• Courage
• Self-sacrifice

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Rufus Cooper III (born March 21, 1978), also known by his stage name Young Noble, is an American rapper. Best known for being part of Tupac Shakur's rap group Outlawz^[1]. Noble joined the Outlawz in 1996, shortly after the release of Shakur's infamous diss record Hit Em Up, which the Outlawz were featured on. He was also the last member to be added to the group by Tupac himself, before the late rapper's passing.

Noble made his debut on Shakur's album The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory on the songs "Bomb First (My Second Reply)", "Hail Mary", "Life of an Outlaw", and "Just Like Daddy".

On December 21, 1999, Shakur's album Still I Rise was released which consisted of material recorded with 2Pac and one solo song. Noble replaced Fatal's vocals on the songs.

Through the Outlawz and Young Noble's twitter pages, together they announced the release of two volumes of mixtapes titled "Outlaw Ridahz". Noble recently said on his official Facebook page that volume one would be dropping in January of 2012. He also said it would feature some of his mentor's Tupac Shakur's old affiliates, including Thug Life which was 2Pac's group before he created The Outlawz, Money B (who was a member of Shakur's old group Digital Undergound) and B-Legit who featured on Shakur's 1996 album on Death Row Records, All Eyez on Me, on the track "Aint Hard 2 Find".

Discography[link]

Solo albums[link]

• 2002: Noble Justice
• 2010: Noble Justice: The Lost Songs^[2]

Collaborations and compilations[link]

• 2002: Street Warz (with JT the Bigga Figga)
• 2006: Thug Brothers (with Layzie Bone)
• 2006: Against All Oddz (with E.D.I.)
• 2006: Soldier 2 Soldier (with stic.man)
• 2007: Thug in Thug Out (with Hussein Fatal)
• 2008: All Eyez on Us (with Lil' Flip)
• 2012: Outlaw Ridahz

References[link]

External links[link]

• Young Noble on Myspace

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John Noble
John Noble at the 2012 WonderCon in March 2012.
Born	(1948-08-20) 20 August 1948 (age 63) Port Pirie, South Australia, Australia
Years active	1988–present
Spouse	Anne Fairway,
Children	Samantha Noble

John Noble (born 20 August 1948)^[1] is an Australian film and television actor, and theater director of more than 80 plays. He was born in Port Pirie, South Australia, Australia and is currently starring as scientist Walter Bishop in the J. J. Abrams television series Fringe.

He made occasional appearances on the television series All Saints. He is internationally known for his performance as Denethor in The Lord of the Rings trilogy. He played Russian Consul Anatoly Markov in the sixth season of the American television series 24. In 2011 he appeared as Real Estate tycoon Leland Monroe in Rockstar's video game L.A. Noire.^[2][3] He is also the voice of Unicron for the television show Transformers: Prime.

Personal life[link]

John lives in the US with wife Penny Noble. They have three children: Daniel Noble, Jess Noble and Actress Samantha Noble. In 2011, John's hobbies were reported to be "music and painting".^[4]

Filmography[link]

Other work[link]

• Artistic Director of Stage Company of South Australia 1977–1987
• Head of Drama, Brent St. School of Arts (Sydney) 1997–2000
• Voice of the character Bishop in the multi-platform game by EA and Pandemic The Saboteur (2009)
• Actor of Leland Monroe in the multi-platform video game L.A. Noire.

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: John Noble

• John Noble at the Internet Movie Database
• Fringe TV Fansite
• John Noble interview about Fringe

Denis Noble
Born	(1936-11-16) November 16, 1936 (age 75)
Residence	UK
Nationality	British
Fields	Systems biology
Institutions	Oxford University
Notable awards	British Heart Foundation Gold Medal (1985)

Denis Noble CBE FRS FRCP (born November 16, 1936) is a British biologist who held the Burdon Sanderson Chair of Cardiovascular Physiology at Oxford University from 1984 to 2004 and was appointed Professor Emeritus and co-Director of Computational Physiology. He is one of the pioneers of Systems Biology and developed the first viable mathematical model of the working heart in 1960.^[1] His research focuses on using computer models of biological organs and organ systems to interpret function from the molecular level to the whole organism. Together with international collaborators, his team has used supercomputers to create the first virtual organ, the virtual heart.

As Secretary-General of the International Union of Physiological Sciences 1993-2001, he played a major role in launching the Physiome Project, an international project to use computer simulations to create the quantitative physiological models necessary to interpret the genome, and he was elected President of the IUPS at its world congress in Kyoto in 2009^[2]

He is also a philosopher of biology, and his book The Music of Life challenges the foundations of current biological sciences, questions the central dogma, its unidirectional view of information flow, and its imposition of a bottom-up methodology for research in the life sciences^[3]

Career[link]

Education[link]

Noble was educated at Emanuel School and University College London (UCL).^[1] In 1958 he began his investigations into the mechanisms of heartbeat. This led to two seminal papers in Nature in 1960 giving the first proper simulation of the heart. From this work it became clear that there was not a single oscillator which controlled heartbeat, but rather this was an emergent property of the feedback loops in the various channels. In 1961 he obtained his PhD working under Otto Hutter at UCL.^[4]

Professional Work[link]

• 1961—1963. Assistant Lecturer in Physiology, University College London
• 1961—1963. Vice-Warden of Connaught Hall (University of London)
• 1963—1984. Fellow and Tutor, Balliol College, Oxford. University Lecturer in Physiology
• 1969—1970. Visiting Professor and Visiting Scientist of the Canadian MRC
• 1971—1989. Head (Praefectus) of the Balliol College Graduate Centre at Holywell Manor
• 1975—1985 Leader of MRC Programme Grant team
• 1983—1985. Vice-Master of Balliol College
• 1984—2004 Burdon Sanderson Professor of Cardiovascular Physiology, Oxford University
• 1984—2004 Professorial Fellow, Balliol College
• From 2004 Emeritus Professor of Cardiovascular Physiology, Oxford University
• From 2004 Emeritus Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford
• From 2004 Director of Computational Physiology, Co-Director of e-science centre, Oxford
• 2003-2007 Adjunct Professor Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi province, China
• From 2005 Visiting Professor, Osaka University, Japan
• 2009-2013 President, International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS)
• From 2011 Editor in Chief - Interface Focus, published by the Royal Society

Publications[link]

Over 350 articles in academic journals, including Nature, Science, PNAS, Journal of Physiology, Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology; Many articles in national press;

Author or editor of 11 books, including:

• The Initiation of the Heartbeat (OUP, 1975, 1979 and Japanese translation), sole author;
• Electric Current Flow in Excitable Cells (OUP 1975, 1988), with JJB Jack and RW Tsien;
• Electrophysiology of Single Cardiac Cells, 1987
• Goals, No Goals and Own Goals, 1989
• Sodium-Calcium Exchange, 1989
• Ionic Channels and the Effect of Taurine on the Heart, 1993
• The Logic of Life (OUP 1993), co-editor with CAR Boyd, and author;
• The Ethics of Life (UNESCO 1997) co-editor with J-D Vincent;
• The Music of Life (OUP 2006)ISBN 0-19-929573-5 La Musique de la Vie, (Seuil, 2007); La Musica della Vita(Italian) & La Música de la Vida (Madrid, Akal) 生命の音楽：ゲノムを越える生物学 (Japanese edition, 2009),^[5] Glasba življenja (Slovenian, 2010), Korean and Chinese translations in preparation;
• Selected Papers of Denis Noble CBE FRS, The: A Journey in Physiology Towards Enlightenment (WSPC 2012) ISBN 978-184-816-842-8 ^[6].

Awards and recognition[link]

His major invited lectures include the Darwin Lecture for the British Association in 1966, the Nahum Lecture at Yale in 1977 and the Ueda lecture at Tokyo University in 1985 and 1990. He was President of the Medical Section of the British Association 1991-92.

He was elected an Honorary Member of the Royal College of Physicians in 1988 and an Honorary Fellow in 1994, an Honorary Member of the American Physiological Society in 1996 and of the Japanese Physiological Society in 1998. In 1999 he was awarded a CBE, and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

He has honorary doctorates from Sheffield University (2004), the Université de Bordeaux (2005) and the University of Warwick (2008).

He is an Honorary Foreign Member of the Académie Royale de Médecine de Belgique (1993), and received the Pavlov Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2004).

He plays classical guitar and sings Occitan troubadour and folk songs. In addition to English, he has lectured in French, Italian, Occitan, Japanese and Korean.^[7]

Views on reductionism[link]

His 2006 book The Music of Life examines some of the basic aspects of systems biology, and is critical of the ideas of genetic determinism and genetic reductionism. He points out that there are many examples of feedback loops and "downward causation" in biology, and that it is not reasonable to privilege one level of understanding over all others. He also explains that genes in fact work in groups and systems, so that the genome is more like a set of organ pipes than a "blueprint for life".

He contrasts Dawkins's famous statement in The Selfish Gene ("Now they [genes] swarm ... safe inside gigantic lumbering robots ... they created us, body and mind; and their preservation is the ultimate rationale for our existence") with his own view: "Now they [genes] are trapped in huge colonies, locked inside highly intelligent beings, moulded by the outside world, communicating with it by complex processes, through which, blindly, as if by magic, function emerges. They are in you and me; we are the system that allows their code to be read; and their preservation is totally dependent on the joy we experience in reproducing ourselves. We are the ultimate rationale for their existence". He then suggests that there is no empirical difference between these statements, and says that they differ in "metaphor" and "sociological or polemical viewpoint".^[8]

He argues that "the paradigms for genetic causality in biological systems are seriously confused" and that "The metaphors that served us well during the molecular biological phase of recent decades have limited or even misleading impacts in the multilevel world of systems biology. New paradigms are needed if we are to succeed in unravelling multifactorial genetic causation at higher levels of physiological function and so to explain the phenomena that genetics was originally about."^[9]

Principles of Systems Biology[link]

Noble offers 10 Principles of Systems Biology^[10]:

1. Biological functionality is multi-level
2. Transmission of information is not one way
3. DNA is not the sole transmitter of inheritance
4. The theory of biological relativity: there is no privileged level of causality
5. Gene ontology will fail without higher-level insight
6. There is no genetic program
7. There are no programs at any other level
8. There are no programs in the brain
9. The self is not an object
10. There are many more to be discovered; a genuine ‘theory of biology’ does not yet exist

See also[link]

• Nature versus nurture
• Common misunderstandings of genetics

Sources[link]

• (for basic biographical information) Who's Who 2004.
• All systems go article in The Economist 25-Oct-2007 discussing Noble's work
• Noble CV at CNRS site

References[link]

External links[link]

• Denis Noble
• The Music of Life - A view on nature and nurture Pulse Project Podcast: "The Music of Life - A view on nature and nurture" (15 October 2008, Oxford)
• Molecules to Organisms: What directs the music of life Pulse Project Podcast: "Molecules to Organisms: What directs the music of life" (22 January 2008, Oxford)