Ilkal saree (Kannada: ಇಳಕಲ್ ಸೀರೆ) is a traditional form of saree which is a common feminine wear in India. Ilkal saree takes its name from the town of Ilkal in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka state, India. Ilkal sarees are woven using cotton warp on the body and art silk warp for border and art silk warp for pallav portion of the saree. In some cases instead of art silk, pure silk is also used.

History[link]

Ilkal was an ancient weaving centre where the weaving seems to have started in the 8th century AD.^[1] The growth of these sarees is attributed to the patronage provided by the local chieftains in and around the town of Bellary. The availability of local raw materials helped in the growth of this saree.^[2] About 20000 people in the town of Ilkal are engaged in saree-weaving.^[3]

Uniqueness[link]

• The uniqueness of saree is joining of the body warp with pallav warp with a series of loops locally called as TOPE TENI technique.
• The weaver will gait only 6 yards, 8 yards, 9 yards warp due to above TOPE TENI technique. KONDI Technique is used for weft through inserting 3 shuttles (లాళి).
• Pallau portion-Design: “TOPE TENE SERAGU” Normally in tope teni seragu 3 solid portions would be in red colour, and in between 2 portions in white colour.
• Tope Teni seragu has been regarded as a state symbol and was greatly respected during festival occasions.
• Traditional Borders: (i) Chikki, (ii) Gomi, (iii) Jari and (iv) Gadidadi, and modern Gayathri are unique ones in Ilkal sarees - width ranging from 2.5” to 4”
• Border Colour Uniqueness: Red usually or Maroon dominates.

Description[link]

The peculiar characteristic of the saree is joining the body warp with the pallav warp which is locally called as TOPE TENI. This technique is only used exclusively at Ilkal. If anyone requires Ilkal saree one must prepare a warp for every saree. Warp threads for body is prepared separately. Similarly pallav warp is prepared separately either with art silk or pure silk depending upon the quality required. Thirdly border portion of warp is prepared as like the pallav warp either art silk or pure silk and the colour used for pallav and on border will be one and the same. In general, the length of the pallav will range 16” to 27”. The pallav threads and body threads are joined in loop technique, a typical method which is locally called as TOPE TENI.

Features[link]

The distinctive feature of Ilkal sarees is the use of a form of embroidery called as Kasuti. The designs used in Kasuti reflect traditional patters like palanquins, elephants and lotuses which are embroidered onto Ilkal sarees. These sarees are usually 9 yards in length and the pallu of the Ilkal saree (the part worn over the shoulder) carries designs of temple towers.^[2] This pallu is usually made of red silk with white patterns.^[3] The end region of the pallu is made up of patterns of different shapes like hanige (comb), koti kammli (fort ramparts), toputenne (jowar) and rampa (mountain range). The border of the sari is very broad (4 to 6 inches) and red or maroon in colour and is made of different designs with ochre patterns. The saree is either made of cotton, or a mixture of cotton and silk or in pure silk. The colors traditionally used are pomegranate red, brilliant peacock green and parrot green. The sarees that are made for bridal wear are made of a particular colour called Giri Kumukum which is associated with the sindhoor worn by the wives of the priests in this region.^[3]

Types of Borders

The design woven in the length wise borders are mainly three types :-

• Gomi (more popularly known as Ilkal dadi)
• Paraspet (Sub-divided into chikki paras and dodd paras)
• Gaadi

Main Body design

• Stripes
• Rectangles
• Squares

Other Differences

With above broad parameters the Ilkal sarees differ in matters of size, nature and quality of yarn used for different portion of saree as also colour combination and combinations of designs on the borders and main body of the saree. The beauty of Tope-teni seragu is further enhanced at times by weaving in its middle portion, yet another design known as ‘Kyadgi’.

Production[link]

Weaving of Ilkal sarees is mostly an indoor activity. It is essentially a household enterprise involving active participation of female members. To weave one saree with the help of the handloom, it takes about 7 days. We can weave it with the help of the powerloom also.

Methods of Production[link]

Ilkal traditional sarees are produced mainly on pit looms with the combination of three types of different yarns namely Silk x Silk, Silk x Cotton, Art silk x Cotton. Along with the above said yarn combination totally four different traditional designs are produced - they are Chikki Paras, Gomi, Jari and recently modified traditional design Gayathri.

These sarees are produced in different lengths 6.00 yards, 8.00 yards, and 9.00 yards with solid as well as contrast borders.

The main distinction in these sarees is its attached temple type Pallav (locally called as TOPE TENI) by inter locking body warp and pallav warp using loop system and inserting weft by three shuttles using two different colours yarn by Kondi technique.

A weaver requires apart from himself two others for preparatory work.

Notes[link]

v t e  Karnataka topics Overviews Architecture Cinema Climate Cuisine Demography Economy Education Folk Arts Geography History Media People Sports Transportation Wildlife History Aihole Alupas Amoghavarsha Badami Banavasi Chalukyas Chitradurga Nayaka Gangas Halmidi Hampi Hoysala Empire Kadambas Keladi Nayaka Kittur Chennamma Manyakheta Pattadakal Pulakesi II Rashtrakutas Srirangapatna Tipu Sultan Unification of Karnataka Vijayanagara empire Western Chalukyas Mysore Kingdom Geography Cities and towns Districts Rivers Taluks Villages Bayaluseeme Malenadu Karavali Western Ghats Culture Bharatanatya Bhuta Kola Bidriware Channapatna toys Chitrakala Parishat Gaarudi Gombe Ilkal saree Kamsale Kannada Karnatik music Kasuti Khedda Mysore Dasara Togalu Gombeyaata Udupi cuisine Veeragase Yakshagana Mysore musicians Literature Haridasa Hoysala Kannada (Medieval Modern Poetry Vijayanagara Western Chalukya) Kannada Sahitya Parishat Kannada Sahitya Sammelana Karnataka Rashtrakuta Vachana Vijayanagara Western Ganga Mysore Society Karnataka ethnic groups People Akka Mahadevi Aluru Venkata Rao C. N. R. Rao U.R. Ananthamurthy Anil Kumble Rahul Dravid Basavanna Bhimsen Joshi K.M. Cariappa Chandrashekhara Kambara Da Ra Bendre Kuvempu Vi Kru Gokak Masti Venkatesh Iyengar Shivarama Karanth Gubbi Veeranna Jakanachari Kengal Hanumanthaiah Kuvempu H. Narasimhaiah N.R. Narayana Murthy S. Nijalingappa Pampa Prakash Padukone Purandara Dasa Rajkumar Vishnuvardhan Sree Sree Shivakumara Swamiji Visvesvaraya Tourism Beaches Dams Forts National Parks Temples Waterfalls Awards Karnataka Ratna Pampa Prashasti Basava Puraskara Rajyotsava Prashasti Jakanachari Award Varnashilpi Venkatappa Award

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Ilkal
—  city  —
Ilkal Location of Ilkal in Karnataka and India
Coordinates	15°58′N 76°08′E / 15.97°N 76.13°E / 15.97; 76.13Coordinates: 15°58′N 76°08′E / 15.97°N 76.13°E / 15.97; 76.13
Country	India
State	Karnataka
District(s)	Bagalkot
Population	51,956 (2001[update])
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area • Elevation	• 585 metres (1,919 ft)

Ilkal is a medium sized town in Bagalkot district in the Indian state of Karnataka. The town is located in a valley that lies in South – East corner of Bagalkote district and is quite close to the borders of Kushtagi taluk of Koppal district. The town falls within the jurisdiction of Hungund taluk and lies at a distance of about 12 km south of taluk headquarters. Between these two towns, Ilkal is an important centre of trade, commerce and industry. Ilkal was a typical poor town before 1983 when the existence of Ilkal granite was first discovered in the mountains adjacent to the town. Ilkal has ruby red coloured granite. The granite was first discovered by Mohamed Aiyaz Betageri in 200 BC^{[dubious – discuss]} but no one believed him that time. It was left useless for more than two thousand year till when again in 1983 an explorer called Veeramani discovered it again. Now with this discovery it is growing so fast that it has become the second most important town of the Bagalkot district after Bagalkot itself.

Ilkal is famous for handloom sarees, popularly known as Ilkal sarees. These sarees are worn by women of North Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Maharastra state. The sarees made here have a distinctive pattern and are usually made from cotton. They are best suited for weather conditions prevailing in the region. Recently sarees made in Ilkal are worn by high society ladies as a fashion statement. There are many wide variety of sarees are made here with variable cotton and silk ratios. Ilkal is also famous for its red granite stone, which is exported all over the world.

Geography[link]

Ilkal is located at 15°58′N 76°08′E / 15.97°N 76.13°E / 15.97; 76.13.^[1] It has an average elevation of 585. Ilkal is famous for pink granite(ruby red), it is exported all over the world.

Demographics[link]

As of 2001^[update] India census,^[2] Ilkal had a population of 51,956. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Ilkal has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 52%. In Ilkal, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Jurisdiction: Hungund Taluk

Constituency: Hungund

Present MLA: DoddanaGowda Patil

Type of Local Government: City Municipal Corporation, ( Nagara Sabhe ).

Ilkal has had 2 Famous saints, 1 from Hindu, and 1 from Islam.

• Hindu Saint—Shri Vijay Mahantesh—Shri Vijay Mahantesh Math.
• Islam Saint—Murtuza Shah Quadri. -- Murtuza Shah Quadri Dargah.

Education[link]

Ilkal is also known for the Shri Vijay Mahantesh Vidya Vardhak Sangha institute (S.V.M.), which supports the following four colleges:

1) S.V.M. Arts Science and Commerce College.

a. PUC I and II year, Arts Science and Commerce. affiliated to Karnataka Secondary Education Board.

b. Bachelors degree such as BA ( History, Political Science, Economics, Sociology etc), BSc ( Chemistry, Physics, Maths, Electronics, Computer Science etc) and B.Com. affiliated to Karnatak University, Dharwad

2. S.V.M. Ayurvedic College.

offering a 4.5 year Degree in Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery, affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi Medical University, Bangalore.

3. S.V.M. Institute of Management Studies.

Offers a 2 year Full Time MBA program in Finance/Marketing/HR/Systems, affiliated to Karnatak University, Dharwad.

4. Other courses that S.V.M. offers

Post Graduate Diploma in Industrial Chemistry.

Post Graduate Diploma in Computer Application.

Bachelor of Business Administration.

5. A.C.O English and kannada Medium Highschool

Offers complete education from nursery to SSLC(edited by Sudhik Jain)

References[link]

The Classic (Hangul: 클래식; Keulraesik) is a 2003 South Korean melodrama / romance film directed by Kwak Jae-yong.

Plot[link]

The film tells the parallel love stories of a mother and daughter. The story of the mother is told partially in flashbacks.

The movie starts in the present day. The daughter, Ji-hye (Son Ye-jin), is cleaning-up around her house when she comes across a box full of old letters and a diary that detail the story of her mother, Joo-hee (who is also played by Son Ye-jin). Periodically in the movie, Ji-hye reads one of these letters, which starts a flashback scene in which the story of the mother is told. These flashbacks are intertwined with Ji-hye's own story, in which she falls for a fellow student, Sang-min (Zo In Sung), who is involved with the school theater.

The movie tells the story of both relationships. The mother, Joo-hee, visits the countryside as a student one summer and meets Joon-ha (Jo Seung-woo). Together they explore the countryside, playing near a river which they both will always remember as their special place. When a storm starts they take shelter together under a tree, but not before Joo-hee twists her ankle and is rendered helpless. Joon-ha carries her on his back and they struggle home, only to be confronted by her angry parents. Before they separate, Joo-hee gives him a necklace, which he keeps close as a precious reminder of their time together.

Unfortunately, as often happens in affairs of the heart, a third party prevents any deepening of their relationship. Joo-hee has been promised by her parents as a bride to Tae-soo, Joon-ha's friend. But Tae-soo, a noble friend, finds out about Joo-hee and Joon-ha's attraction for each other and helps the two communicate secretly by letting them use his own name in place of Joon-ha's in their letters. When Tae-soo's father finds this out, however, he beats Tae-soo. Tae-soo tries unsuccessfully to commit suicide so that his two friends can be together.

Meanwhile, in the present, Ji-hye falls for Sang-min in whom her friend Soo-kyeong is also very interested, but he seems not to notice. Then, in a sweet scene, they take shelter from the rain together under the same tree. He uses his coat to cover both of them and escorts her to where she needs to go. The moment, while magical, does not go anywhere as she feels his help was only due to his generous nature and not from any feelings for her on his part.

Back in the past, Joon-ha is guilt-ridden over his friend's attempted suicide and Joo-hee's own guilt. Determined to prevent any more hurt to her, Joon-ha joins the army and goes to Vietnam. There he loses his eyesight while he tries to retrieve the necklace Joo-hee had given him. When he returns to Korea, he meets again with Joo-hee, and, trying to hide his blindness, convinces her he has married in the hope she will move on with her life. Though heart broken that their relationship cannot continue, she does move on and eventually marries Tae-soo, Joon-ha's kind friend. After they have been married for several years and have a young daughter (Ji-hye) Joo-hee is approached by friends of Joon-ha, who relate Joon-ha's last wish: that his ashes be scattered by Joo-hee in the river, now a reservoir, where they first met. She then finds out that Joon-ha hadn't married, but he later did after Tae-soo and Joo-hee were married. She was told that he had a son also. The heart-break is too much and she cries.

In the present, Ji-hye's own story unfolds. Sang-min reveals his true feelings for Ji-hye - feelings that mirror her own. It is also revealed that their taking shelter together during the storm was no accident: he had purposely left his umbrella behind in a shop so that he could join her under the tree. Then, when Ji-hye pensively reveals her mother's story to him, tears stream down his face. Silently he lifts a necklace from around his neck and places it around hers. It is the necklace that Ji-hye's mother, Joo-hee, had given to Joon-ha when they met. The circle is completed: Joo-hee's daughter and Joon-ha's son have fallen in love.

Cast[link]

• Son Ye-jin in dual role as Ji-hye and Joo-hee (Ji-hye's mother)
• Jo Seung-woo as Joon-ha
• Zo In Sung as Sang-min
• Lee Ki-woo as Tae-soo (friend of Joon-ha)
• Lee Soo-in as Soo-kyeong (friend of Ji-hye)
• Seo Yeong-hee as Na-hee (friend of Joo-hee)
• Lim Ye Jin as Shopkeeper

Development[link]

Several of the school scenes were filmed at various universities in Korea. Notably, the library was in Kyung Hee University. There are many parallels between the flashback and present day stories. In the flashbacks, Joon Ha writes letters in the name of his friend Tae-soo to their mutual love interest. In the present day, Ji-hye writes letters in the name of her friend to their mutual love interest. In the flashbacks, Joo-hee has an annoying female friend that Joon-ha is initially set up with. In the present day, Ji-hye also has an annoying friend that interferes with her relationship. Also, Joo-hee and Ji-hye both receive the same poem from the people they love: "When the sun shines...".

Reception[link]

The Classic was nominated at the Hong Kong Film Awards in the category Best Asian Film in 2004.^[3]

Son Ye-jin received several awards for her performance in the film:^[4]

• 2003 40th Daejong sang Awards: Best New Actress (The Classic)
• 2003 39th PaekSang Arts Awards: Best New Actress (The Classic)
• 2003 24th Blue Dragon Film Awards - Most Favourite Star (The Classic, Crazy First Love)
• 2004 9th Moscow International Love Movie Awards: Best Couple (The Classic)

Music[link]

The film relies heavily on music to help convey emotion.

Korean Songs in the film:

• 그랬나봐 ("Geuraetna pwa" - World without love) - performer: Kim Hyung Joong
• 고백 ("Gobaek" - Confession) - performer: Delispice - played during the art gallery scene
• 너에게 난 나에게 넌 ("Neoehgeh nan naehgeh neon" - Me to you, you to me) - performer: Jatanpung - played during both special umbrella scenes
• 너무 아픈 사랑은 사랑이아니었음을 ("Neomu apeun sarangeun sarangee anieosseumeul" - It wasn't love if it hurt so much) - performer: Kim Kwang Suk - played during train and last meeting scenes
• 사랑하면 할수록 ("Saranghamyon halsoorok" - If we are in love, then...) - Played in different instrumental versions throughout the film - always at emotional moments. It is sung in the final scenes by performer Han Song Min. There is also a Mandarin version of this song titled "Hui Se Kong Jian" (灰色空間 in Mandarin) which is sung by Taiwanese singer Show Luo in Taiwanese drama called "The Outsider II".

The piano piece performed by Joo-Hee on stage is Beethoven's Piano Sonata 8, movement 2 Pathetique Sonata.

Pachelbel's Canon in D was also used as the background music. This same music was featured in the director's earlier film, My Sassy Girl.

Some American songs were used as well.

References[link]

External links[link]

• The Classic at the Korean Movie Database
• The Classic at the Internet Movie Database
• The Classic at HanCinema